CN214064933U

CN214064933U - Plasma gasification melting furnace with multiple heat sources for heating in coordination

Info

Publication number: CN214064933U
Application number: CN202022395308.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈兵; 李宗刚
Original assignee: Shandong Xinborun Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Xinborun Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plasma gasification melting furnace of multiple heat source collaborative heating, it includes intermediate frequency induction heater, resistant material plasma torch, electrode and graphite crucible, wherein intermediate frequency induction heater uses with graphite crucible collaborative cooperation, let in the alternating current of intermediate frequency or high frequency among the induction heater, make the alternating current form the magnetic field of intermediate frequency or high frequency change, the high frequency change through magnetic field makes the inside induced electromotive force that produces of graphite crucible, produce heat energy with the induced electromotive force loading on graphite crucible for heat the inside vitreous body in stove bottom. The utility model realizes the integral uniform heating of the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the heating area has no heating in dead zone; the heating system can be freely selected and switched according to different material components and different working conditions.

Description

Plasma gasification melting furnace with multiple heat sources for heating in coordination

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the environmental protection material is used multipurposely, a plasma gasification melting furnace of multiple heat source concurrent heating is related to.

Background

In the field of hazardous waste treatment, ash residues, namely fly ash and bottom residues, are formed in treated materials regardless of low calorific value materials or high calorific value materials; the treatment method of the hazardous waste comprises a solidification method, a landfill method, an incineration method, a plasma gasification melting method and other process methods. The best process for treating the ash up to now is a melting and solidifying process, namely melting the ash up to the high temperature to form secondary resources for utilization; the main technologies of the melting and solidifying process are oxygen-enriched coke combustion technology, electric melting technology and plasma melting technology. The plasma gasification melting process converts hazardous waste into harmless secondary resources by using high temperature for reutilization, and does not produce secondary pollution, so that the best treatment effect can be obtained. The plasma torch is the main equipment which can generate high temperature of tens of thousands of degrees at present, so the plasma torch plays an irreplaceable role in the field.

Compared with other pyrolysis incineration processes, the plasma gasification melting process has the advantages of high operation efficiency, obvious advantages and high solid waste reduction rate, can perform harmless and resourceful treatment on hazardous waste, and is an ideal treatment mode in the hazardous waste treatment field at present.

However, the conventional oxygen-enriched coke combustion technology, electric melting technology, and plasma melting technology have the following problems.

1. Oxygen-enriched coke technology uses a large amount of coke, and pure oxygen is blown into a molten glass bath to increase the heat released by the coke and promote the molten glass to move in the molten bath; the process has high operation cost, and high control requirement and process requirement.

2. The electric boosting technology has high requirements on refractory materials, a heating area is limited, and heat cannot be uniformly distributed.

3. The plasma melting technology is to utilize a plasma torch to generate high temperature, so that materials which are difficult to melt can be melted intensively, but heat cannot be directly input into a melt.

With respect to the above oxygen-enriched coke combustion technology, electric melting technology, and plasma melting technology, even by increasing the number of plasma torches and electrodes and reasonable arrangement, it is difficult to achieve uniform input of heat into the inside or bottom of the vitreous body (melting tank).

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a plasma gasification melting furnace with a plurality of heat sources for heating in coordination.

In order to realize the above object, the utility model provides a plasma gasification melting furnace of multiple heat source collaborative heating, it includes intermediate frequency induction heater, resistant material plasma torch, electrode and graphite crucible, wherein intermediate frequency induction heater uses with graphite crucible collaborative cooperation, let in the alternating current of intermediate frequency or high frequency among the induction heater, make the alternating current form the magnetic field of intermediate frequency or high frequency variation, the high frequency variation through magnetic field makes the inside induced electromotive force that produces of graphite crucible, produce heat energy with the induced electromotive force loading on graphite crucible for heat the inside vitreous body in stove bottom.

Wherein, the intermediate frequency induction heater is the oxygen-free copper pipe, and uses the copper pipe diameter as the screw pitch with the copper pipe from the even winding of the upper end at the stove bottom on resistant material outer wall, until the winding to the bottom at the stove bottom to form spiral copper coil pipe.

Furthermore, cooling water for keeping the copper pipe at a constant temperature is introduced into the copper coil. And the wound copper coil is arranged in a gap formed between the steel shell at the bottom of the furnace and the outer side of the refractory at the bottom of the furnace, and the position of an electrode hole is avoided.

Further, the refractory plasma torch is used in cooperation with a plasma jet apparatus for generating high-temperature gas having high energy density by electric energy, and acting on the material falling from the upper portion of the hearth and on the upper surface of the molten glass in the hearth to maintain the high-temperature state of the upper end portion of the molten glass in the hearth, thereby heating the molten glass in the area of the top of the hearth where the electrode and the graphite crucible are not heated.

Preferably, the installation size of the plasma torch is set according to the size of the vitreous body above the hearth. The plasma torch is arranged on the functional section connected with the upper end of the furnace bottom, and the plasma torch has a certain angle with the horizontal plane so as to extend into the inner wall of the refractory material for a certain distance. The electrodes are used for heating the central area which can not be heated by the graphite crucible, and the electrodes are arranged on two sides of the slag outlet.

Further, the electrodes are used in conjunction with the plasma torch, uniformly distributed in alternating horizontal planes and the plasma torch on the periphery of the furnace floor. A plasma torch is arranged right above the vertical plane of the slag hole.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following correlation function can be realized.

1. The bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace is integrally and uniformly heated, and a vacant area is not arranged in a heating area.

2. The heating system is freely selected and switched according to different material components and different working conditions.

3. The complementary input control method of the three heat sources is realized, and the material melting efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a plasma torch, an electrode and a graphite crucible in a plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in cooperation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electrode arrangement for a plasma gasification melting furnace heated in conjunction with multiple heat sources.

FIG. 3 is a plasma torch arrangement in a plasma gasification melting furnace heated in conjunction with multiple heat sources.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal arrangement of electrodes and plasma torches in a plasma gasification melting furnace heated in conjunction with multiple heat sources.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

The utility model provides a plasma gasification melting furnace of multiple heat source collaborative heating, wherein electrode, relative position and arrangement in plasma gasification furnace of plasma torch and intermediate frequency induction heater are shown in figure 1, plasma gasification melting furnace of multiple heat source collaborative heating includes intermediate frequency induction heater, resistant material plasma torch, electrode and graphite crucible, wherein intermediate frequency induction heater uses with graphite crucible collaborative cooperation, let in the alternating current of intermediate frequency or high frequency among the induction heater, make the alternating current form the magnetic field of intermediate frequency or high frequency variation, the high frequency variation through magnetic field makes the inside induced electromotive force that produces of graphite crucible, produce heat energy with the induced electromotive force loading on graphite crucible, a vitreous body for heating stove bottom inside. The preferred oxygen-free copper pipe that uses of intermediate frequency induction heater, and use the copper pipe diameter as the pitch with the copper pipe from the even winding of the upper end at the stove bottom on resistant material outer wall, until the bottom of twining the stove bottom to this formation spiral copper coil pipe. Cooling water for keeping the copper pipe at a constant temperature is introduced into the copper coil. More preferably, the copper coil pipe wound is installed in a gap formed between the steel hearth shell and the outer side of the refractory material, avoiding the position of the electrode hole.

The refractory plasma torch is used in cooperation with a plasma jet device, and is used for generating high-temperature gas with high energy density by electric energy, acting on materials falling from the upper part of the furnace bottom and acting on the upper surface of molten glass in the furnace bottom, maintaining the high-temperature state of the upper end part of the molten glass in the furnace bottom, and heating the molten glass in the top area of the furnace bottom, which cannot be heated by the electrode and the graphite crucible. The plasma torch is arranged on the functional section connected with the upper end of the furnace bottom, and the plasma torch has a certain angle with the horizontal plane so as to extend into the inner wall of the refractory material for a certain distance. The installation size of the plasma torch is based on the vitreous body on the furnace bottom acted by the high-temperature gas ejected by the plasma torch.

The electrodes are inserted into the interior of the furnace bottom for heating the molten glass in the middle and central portions of the furnace bottom and maintaining a high temperature. The heat transfer coefficient of the glass liquid is small, the electric energy is directly acted in the molecules of the glass liquid by the electrode, and the electric energy is directly converted into the heat energy of the glass liquid, and the efficiency of the electrode to the input power of the glass liquid is much higher than that of a plasma torch; and the electrodes are used to heat the central region that is not heated by the graphite crucible. The electrodes are matched with the plasma torch for use, are uniformly distributed and alternately arranged in the horizontal plane and are arranged on the periphery of the furnace bottom of the plasma torch, and the electrodes are arranged on two sides of the slag outlet. A plasma torch is arranged right above the vertical plane of the slag hole.

The graphite crucible generates heat energy under the action of the medium-frequency induction heater, is used for heating vitreous bodies at the bottom of the furnace, close to the inner wall and the bottom of the refractory material at the bottom of the furnace, ensures that molten glass between electrodes in the bottom of the furnace is in a high-temperature state, and heats the electrode and an edge area which can not be heated by the plasma torch. The glass liquid in the furnace bottom can be divided into three parts, namely a surface area, a central area and an edge area, the plasma torch, the electrode and the graphite crucible can be used for carrying out targeted heating on different areas, the advantages of the plasma torch, the electrode and the graphite crucible can be exerted, the input efficiency of heat energy is improved, and therefore the purpose of heating the glass liquid at the furnace bottom in a whole balanced manner and saving energy is achieved.

Fig. 2 shows an electrode arrangement form of the plasma gasification melting furnace heated by the cooperation of a plurality of heat sources, and the electrodes are uniformly arranged on the bottom of the furnace and are distributed on two sides of a slag outlet. The electrode is inserted into the refractory material at the bottom of the furnace by 300mm-400 mm. The electrodes in each pair, the glass liquid in the middle and the power supply of the electrodes form a loop, and electrons move in the loop, so that electric energy is sent into the glass liquid through the electrodes, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy and directly sent to the glass liquid to heat and maintain the glass liquid in a high-temperature state.

As figure 3 shows the arrangement form of the plasma torches in the plasma gasification melting furnace heated by the cooperation of a plurality of heat sources, the plasma torches are uniformly arranged on the functional section of the upper section of the furnace bottom, one torch is arranged right above the slag outlet, and the plasma torches and the electrodes are uniformly and alternately arranged in the horizontal plane. The glass liquid near the slag outlet can be heated in the slag outlet process, the high-temperature state is maintained, and the slag is convenient to discharge.

As shown in fig. 4, the horizontal arrangement of the electrodes and the plasma torches in the plasma gasification melting furnace heated by the cooperation of multiple heat sources is realized, one electrode is respectively arranged on two sides of the slag hole, one plasma torch is arranged right above the slag hole, and the electrodes and the plasma torches are uniformly and alternately arranged in a horizontal plane. This arrangement reduces the spacing between the electrode and the torch and increases the area of the furnace floor that receives molten glass. The phenomenon that the temperature of the glass liquid in the gap is too low due to too large gap between the electrode and the electrode or between the plasma torch and the plasma torch is avoided. Simultaneously, the glass body on the surface of the furnace bottom can be heated, the temperature of the upper surface of the molten glass is maintained, and the slag is convenient to discharge.

As further shown in fig. 4, the electrode and the plasma torch were uniformly arranged in the plasma gasifier at an angle of 30 ° in the horizontal plane; a total of 6 electrodes are arranged in the relative positions shown in figure 2; the plasma torches were arranged in 6 relative positions as shown in fig. 3. The medium frequency induction heater is divided into a water-cooled coil and a graphite crucible, and the arrangement of the relative positions of the water-cooled coil and the graphite crucible is shown in figure 1.

Preferably, based on the structural arrangement of the plasma gasification melting furnace with the multi-heat-source cooperative heating, a power input coupling control method is provided, the relative ratio of power compensation of three heat sources is set, and the relative ratio of plasma torch power, electrode power and medium-frequency induction heating power compensation is 3:1: 2. If three heat sources or two heat sources are input simultaneously, power input control can be performed according to the ratio, for example, when the power of the plasma torch is reduced by 3kw, the input power of the electrode needs to be increased by 1 kw; if the intermediate frequency induction heating power is reduced by 2kw, the electrode input power is increased by 1 kw.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following innovation point.

1. The utility model discloses concentrate three kinds of heat source system of plasma torch heating system, electrode heating system and intermediate frequency induction heating system and set up in the plasma melting furnace.

2. Through the optimal configuration of the three heat sources in one melting furnace, the advantages and effects of the respective heat sources are exerted, and further the respective disadvantages are compensated, so that the plasma melting furnace is uniformly heated, and an integral high-temperature area is formed.

3. One heat source, two heat sources or three heat sources are reasonably selected and used according to the components of the materials and different use conditions, and the reasonable matching of the different heat sources is realized, so that the material melting efficiency is higher.

4. Three control methods of heat sources are added: and adjusting the control proportion of the three heat sources to cooperatively heat the input power, realizing the automatic compensation of the input power and finally meeting the requirement of the glass melt on the temperature.

5. The medium-frequency induction heating system mainly heats materials on the inner side, the outer side and the bottom side of the furnace chamber of the plasma melting furnace and maintains the melting temperature.

6. The electrode heating system mainly heats the materials inside the plasma melting furnace and maintains the melting temperature.

7. The plasma torch system mainly heats materials on the upper section of the plasma melting furnace and preliminarily melts the materials.

8. The molten glass outside the inner cavity of the furnace bottom can be uniformly heated by medium-frequency induction heating, so that the defect that no heat source is input in the middle area of each two electrodes is overcome.

9. The electrode heating can heat the molten glass measured at the center of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom, thereby overcoming the defect that the input power of the medium-frequency induction heating to the center side of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom is less.

10. The medium-frequency induction heating can fully heat the molten glass at the bottom side of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom, thereby overcoming the defect that no heat source is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom.

11. The plasma torch can heat the molten glass on the top layer of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom, so that the defect that the top layer of the inner cavity of the furnace bottom cannot be heated by the electrode and medium-frequency induction heating is overcome.

12. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the glass melt, the targeted power input can be carried out for different regions by the complementary advantages of the three heat sources.

Above only the utility model discloses an it is preferred embodiment, the utility model discloses a scope of protection not only limits in above-mentioned embodiment, and the all belongs to the utility model discloses a technical scheme under the thinking all belongs to the utility model discloses a scope of protection. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in a synergistic manner is characterized in that: the induction heating furnace comprises a medium-frequency induction heater, a refractory plasma torch, an electrode and a graphite crucible, wherein the medium-frequency induction heater and the graphite crucible are cooperatively used, medium-frequency or high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the induction heater, the alternating current forms a magnetic field with medium-frequency or high-frequency change, induced electromotive force is generated inside the graphite crucible through the high-frequency change of the magnetic field, and the induced electromotive force is loaded on the graphite crucible to generate heat energy for heating a vitreous body inside the furnace bottom.

2. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the medium frequency induction heater is an oxygen-free copper pipe, and the diameter of the copper pipe is used as a thread pitch to evenly wind the copper pipe on the outer wall of the refractory material from the upper end of the furnace bottom until the copper pipe is wound on the bottom end of the furnace bottom to form a spiral copper coil pipe.

3. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination as claimed in claim 2 wherein: cooling water for keeping the copper pipe at a constant temperature is introduced into the copper coil.

4. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 3, wherein: and the wound copper coil is arranged in a gap formed between the steel shell at the bottom of the furnace and the outer side of the refractory at the bottom of the furnace, and the position of an electrode hole is avoided.

5. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the refractory plasma torch is used in cooperation with a plasma jet device, and is used for generating high-temperature gas with high energy density by electric energy, acting on materials falling from the upper part of the furnace bottom and acting on the upper surface of molten glass in the furnace bottom, maintaining the high-temperature state of the upper end part of the molten glass in the furnace bottom, and heating the molten glass in the top area of the furnace bottom, which cannot be heated by the electrode and the graphite crucible.

6. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 5, wherein: the installation size of the plasma torch is set according to the size of the vitreous body on the hearth.

7. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 5, wherein: the plasma torch is arranged on the functional section connected with the upper end of the furnace bottom, and the plasma torch has a certain angle with the horizontal plane so as to extend into the inner wall of the refractory material for a certain distance.

8. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 5, wherein: the electrodes are used for heating the central area which can not be heated by the graphite crucible, and the electrodes are arranged on two sides of the slag outlet.

9. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 5, wherein: the electrodes are matched with the plasma torch for use, and are uniformly distributed and alternately arranged in a horizontal plane and the plasma torch is arranged on the periphery of the furnace bottom.

10. A plasma gasification melting furnace heated by multiple heat sources in coordination according to claim 5, wherein: a plasma torch is arranged right above the vertical plane of the slag hole.