CN114342935A - Pesticide composition and application thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide composition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114342935A CN114342935A CN202011092909.6A CN202011092909A CN114342935A CN 114342935 A CN114342935 A CN 114342935A CN 202011092909 A CN202011092909 A CN 202011092909A CN 114342935 A CN114342935 A CN 114342935A
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a pesticide composition and its use, the pesticide composition contains active ingredients, wherein the active ingredients include chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid; the brassinolide is one or more selected from 28-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid and propionyl brassinolide. The active ingredients in the pesticide composition provided by the disclosure have synergistic effect, so that the pesticide composition can be used for simultaneously preventing and treating various crop diseases caused by fungi, viruses or a mixture of the fungi and the viruses, has broad-spectrum bactericidal and antiviral effects, has higher prevention and treatment effects on each plant disease independently than those of the conventional pesticide products, can reduce the dosage, reduce the cost and reduce the pollution of pesticide residues to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pesticide composition and application thereof.
Background
In the actual process of agricultural production, fungi are the most important plant pathogen group, and many important diseases such as anthracnose, powdery mildew, scab, soot disease and the like are caused by the fungi.
In recent years, mango has some physiological diseases, and if the mango is scorched in the sun, leaf scorching in autumn and winter, physiological fruit cracking without embryo, soil alkali damage and the like, the physiological diseases directly cause short mango tree plants and reduced fruit yield, and cause influence to mango growers in different degrees.
At present, pesticide application is the most effective means for preventing and treating crop fungi or physiological diseases, but the existing pesticide products can only prevent and treat single plant diseases, different pesticide varieties are often adopted for preventing and treating different diseases, the prevention and treatment effect is poor, the prevention and treatment period is long, the cost is high, and serious environmental pollution is caused. Therefore, the development of a pesticide product which can comprehensively control various plant diseases and has an outstanding control effect is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The pesticide composition contains active ingredients of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid, and the three active ingredients are used in combination, so that the mixed occurrence of crop diseases and/or physiological diseases caused by fungi can be effectively prevented, the prevention and treatment period is effectively shortened, the prevention and treatment effect is improved, and the prevention and treatment cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition containing active ingredients, wherein the active ingredients include chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid; the brassinolide is one or more selected from 28-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid and propionyl brassinolide.
The disclosure also provides application of the pesticide composition in preventing and treating crop diseases caused by fungi and/or viruses.
The compound pesticide can be used for simultaneously preventing and treating crop diseases and/or physiological diseases caused by fungi by compounding chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid, has broad-spectrum sterilization and disease resistance effects, and has higher prevention and treatment effects on each plant disease than the existing pesticide products.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition containing active ingredients including chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid; the brassinolide is one or more selected from 28-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid and propionyl brassinolide.
Through the technical scheme, the active ingredients of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid in the pesticide composition have synergistic effect in a wider range of use ratio, and compared with the single use of chlorothalonil, brassinolide or fulvic acid and the compound use of any two of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid, the pesticide composition has more remarkable control effect, can effectively control crop diseases caused by fungi and viruses of cereals, melons and fruits, vegetables, tobacco, lawns and flowers or the mixture of the fungi and the viruses, and can reduce the dosage, reduce the cost and reduce the pollution of pesticide residues to the environment. The pesticide composition of the invention can simultaneously prevent and treat various crop diseases caused by fungi, viruses or the mixture of the fungi and the viruses, has broad-spectrum bactericidal and antiviral effects, and has higher individual prevention and treatment effects on each plant disease than the prior pesticide product.
Chlorothalonil is a trade name of tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (2, 4, 5, 6-tetrachloro-1, 3-phthalonitrile), and has a molecular formula: c8N2Cl4Relative molecular weight: 265.91 entitled Chlorothalonil, CAS number: 1897-45-6, the structural formula is shown in formula (1):
brassin is the highest active plant growth regulating hormone of the six plant hormones discovered at present. Brassinolide is also known as brassinolide, brassinolide; common name of English: the Brassicanolide is abbreviated as BR. In the invention, the brassinolide is selected from at least one of 24-epibrassinolide, 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid, 28-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide and propionyl brassinolide.
24-epibrassinolide is the trade name (22R,23R,24R) -2 α,3 α,22, 23-tetrahydroxy- β -homo-7-oxa-5 α -ergostan-6-one, formula: c28H48O6Relative molecular mass: 480.7, english name: 24-epibrasinolide, CAS number: 78821-43-9, the structural formula is shown as formula (2):
14-Hydroxybrassinosterol is the trade name for (20R,22R) -2 β,3 β 14,20,22, 25-hexahydroxy-5 β -cholest-6-one, formula: c27H46O7Relative molecular mass: 482.7, english name: 14-hydroxylated brassinosteroid, CAS number: 457603-63-3, the structural formula is shown in formula (3):
28-epihomobrassinolide is a trade name for (22S,23S,24S) -2 α,3 α,22, 23-tetrahydroxy-24-ethyl- β -homo-7-oxa-5 α -stan-6-one, formula: c29H50O6Relative molecular mass: 494.8, english name: 28-epihomobrassinolide, CAS number: 80483-89-2, the structural formula is shown in formula (4):
28-homobrassinolide is a trade name for (22R,23R,24S) -2 α,3 α,22, 23-tetrahydroxy-24-ethyl- β -homo-7-oxa-5 α -stan-6-one, formula: c29H50O6Relative molecular mass: 494.8, english name: 28-homobrassinolide, CAS number: 82373-95-3, the structural formula is shown in formula (5):
propionyl brassinolide is the trade name for (24S) -2 α,3 α -dipropyloxy, 22R, 23R-epoxy-7 oxo-5 α -stanol-6-one, formula: c35H56O7Relative molecular mass: 588.47, english name: le-brassinolide brassinolide, CAS number: 162922-31-8, the structural formula is shown in formula (6):
fulvic acid is also called fulvic acid and is 3,7, 8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-10-oxo-1, 4-dihydropyran [4,3-b ]]Trade name of benzo 9-carboxylic acid, formula: c14H12O8Relative molecular weight: 308.24, english name: fluvic acid, CAS number: 479-66-3, the structural formula is shown in formula (7):
according to the first aspect of the present invention, optionally, the weight ratio of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid is (1-100): (0.001-1): (1-100);
preferably, the weight ratio of the chlorothalonil, the brassinolide and the fulvic acid is (5-45): (0.01-0.1): (2-20).
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pesticidal composition may further contain an auxiliary ingredient. The dosage of the auxiliary component in the present disclosure has no special requirement, and the conventional dosage can be selected according to different dosage forms prepared from the pesticide composition, which is well known to those skilled in the art.
Alternatively, the content of the adjuvant for composition may be 0.01 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the active ingredient;
preferably, the adjuvant for composition may be contained in an amount of 0.2 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the active ingredient.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary ingredients in the pesticidal composition may be optionally formulated with ingredients commonly used in the art, for example, the auxiliary ingredients may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, an antifreezing agent, a preservative, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a solvent, an antifoaming agent, a binder, a disintegrating agent and a solid inert carrier, and preferably include at least one selected from the group consisting of water, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a solvent, an antifoaming agent, a binder, a disintegrating agent and a solid inert carrier. In the present invention, the above-mentioned components are not particularly limited, and those commonly used in the art can be used.
Preferably, the dispersant may be at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonate, polycarboxylate and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer.
The wetting agent may be at least one selected from sodium lauryl sulfate, nekal, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium diisobutylsulfonate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
The anti-freezing agent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, glycerin, urea, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, and sodium chloride.
The preservative may be at least one selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, cason, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, and potassium sorbate.
The thickener can be at least one selected from magnesium aluminum silicate, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, guar gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, organic bentonite and white carbon black.
The emulsifier may be at least one selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants, and emulsifiers generally used for liquid formulations may be used. Preferably, the emulsifier is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, benzylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, glycerol monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, sorbitan polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.
The solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, n-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, sorbitol, ethyl acetate, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent oils, and methyl oleate.
The antifoaming agent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone oil, higher alcohol, mineral oil and vegetable oil.
The binder may be at least one selected from the group consisting of starch, soluble starch, corn starch, gelatin, gum arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, lactose, fructose, glucose and sucrose.
The disintegrant may be at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch, carboxypropyl cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, ammonium sulfate, and urea.
The solid inert carrier may be at least one selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, attapulgite, bentonite, zeolite, sepiolite, kaolin, talc, montmorillonite and light calcium carbonate.
The pesticide composition comprises an active ingredient and auxiliary ingredients, wherein the auxiliary ingredients can comprise water, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and an antifoaming agent, and the weight ratio of the active ingredient to the water, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the antifreezing agent, the thickening agent and the antifoaming agent can be 1: (0.01-2.0): (0.01-1.0): (0.02-2.0): (0.01-0.2): (0.01-0.1). In the case of the preferred embodiment, the pesticide composition can achieve a very outstanding synergistic effect and shows a high control activity against a variety of pests.
The pesticidal composition of the present invention may be provided in the form of a finished product, i.e., the components of the composition have been mixed, or each component may be provided in the form of a separate formulation which is directly tank-mixed at the time of use.
In the invention, no special requirement is required on the preparation formulation prepared from the pesticide composition, and the pesticide composition can be one selected from suspending agents, suspoemulsions, wettable powder and water dispersible granules.
The other components except the active ingredient in the above dosage forms, the content thereof and the content of the active ingredient have no special requirements, and the conventional proportion in the field can be adopted, for example, based on 100 parts by weight of the pesticide composition:
the suspending agent may contain 5-50 parts by weight of active ingredient, 0.5-10 parts by weight of dispersant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of wetting agent, 0.1-6 parts by weight of antifreeze, 0-10 parts by weight of other additives, such as at least one of thickener and preservative, and the balance of water. Suspending agents are typically wet milled to obtain a stable, flowable, easily measured volume of the suspending liquid.
The suspoemulsion can contain 3-70 parts by weight of active ingredient, 3-15 parts by weight of emulsifier, 2-8 parts by weight of dispersant, 0.1-5 parts by weight of thickener, 0.1-8 parts by weight of antifreeze, 0.2-1 part by weight of defoamer and the balance of water.
Wettable powders may contain 5 to 90 parts by weight of active ingredient, 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of dispersant, 0.5 to 8 parts by weight of wetting agent, 0 to 10 parts by weight of other additives, such as binders, the balance being a solid inert carrier, preferably diatomaceous earth.
The water dispersible granules may contain 3-95 parts by weight of active ingredient, 0.5-10 parts by weight of dispersant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of wetting agent, 0-10 parts by weight of other additives, such as binders, the balance being a solid inert carrier, preferably kaolin. The water dispersible granule is usually prepared into particles with 10-100 mesh international standard mesh (1676-.
In the present invention, there is no special requirement for the preparation method of various dosage forms, and various methods known in the art can be adopted, and are not described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the various dosage forms of the present invention may be diluted for use as desired in practice.
The second aspect of the disclosure also provides application of the provided pesticide composition in controlling crop diseases caused by fungi and/or viruses.
In the present invention, crops suitable for the pesticidal composition and the formulation are not particularly limited, and may be used for crops where fungal or physiological diseases may occur, for example, the crops may be mangoes.
In the present invention, the pesticide composition and the preparation thereof are not particularly limited with respect to the type of crop diseases caused by fungi or viruses that can be controlled, for example, the crop diseases caused by fungi may include at least one selected from the group consisting of anthracnose, powdery mildew, scab, and soot; the physiological disease comprises at least one of leaf blight and fruit sunscald. For example, the pesticide composition can be applied to mango and can treat downy mildew, late blight, black shank, cotton blight and virus diseases caused by mixing of the mango and improve the health condition of the mango and reduce loss caused by the diseases.
In the present invention, the amount of the pesticide composition to be applied per mu of land is not particularly limited, and may be adjusted according to the amount of the active ingredient to be applied per mu of land and the active ingredient content of the preparation, for example, the total amount of the active ingredient to be applied per mu of land may be 1 to 50 g.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Chlorothalonil was purchased from Shandong Dachenghuacheng Biochemical Co., Ltd; brassinolide was purchased from north Heibei Lansheng Biotech limited; fulvic acid was purchased from north Heibei Gengbao Water soluble Fertilizer GmbH; the rest of the reagents are all commercial products.
Chlorothalonil 28-epihomobrassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil 28-epihomobrassinolide fulvic acid weight ratio 40:0.02:8.98)
40 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.02 wt% of 28-epibrassinolide, 8.98 wt% of fulvic acid, 3 wt% of calcium lignosulphonate, 1 wt% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.10 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.4 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Example 2
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil: 28-high brassinolide fulvic acid weight ratio of 10:0.01:2.49)
10 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.01 wt% of 28-homobrassinolide, 2.49 wt% of fulvic acid, 4 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate, 1 wt% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.15 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.6 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.3 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Example 3
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid wettable powder (chlorothalonil: 24-epihigh brassinolide: fulvic acid weight ratio of 45:0.08:19.92)
45 percent of chlorothalonil, 0.08 percent of 24-epibrassinolide, 19.92 percent of fulvic acid, 5 percent of polycarboxylate, 2 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of white carbon black and diatomite which is added to 100 percent by weight.
Example 4
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil: 28-high brassinolide fulvic acid weight ratio of 5:0.09:4.91)
5 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.09 wt% of 28-homobrassinolide, 4.91 wt% of fulvic acid, 3 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate, 1.5 wt% of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 4 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.15 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.55 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Example 5
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil: propionyl brassinolide: fulvic acid weight ratio of 49:0.05:10.95)
49 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.05 wt% of propionyl brassinolide, 10.95 wt% of fulvic acid, 3 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate, 1 wt% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.15 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.6 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.3 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Example 6
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid wettable powder (chlorothalonil: 28-epihigh brassinolide: fulvic acid weight ratio of 59.4:0.002:0.598)
59.4 percent of chlorothalonil, 0.002 percent of 28-epibrassinolide, 0.598 percent of fulvic acid, 5 percent of polycarboxylate, 2 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.5 percent of white carbon black and kaolin added to 100 percent by weight.
Example 7
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid water dispersible granules (chlorothalonil: 28-epihigh brassinolide fulvic acid weight ratio of 1.9:0.1:40)
Chlorothalonil 1.9 wt%, 28-epibrassinolide 0.1 wt%, fulvic acid 40 wt%, polycarboxylate 8 wt%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 4 wt%, starch 5 wt% and calcined diatomite added to 100 wt%.
Example 8
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil: 14-hydroxy brassinosterol: fulvic acid weight ratio of 35:0.15:24.85)
35 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.15 wt% of 14-hydroxy brassinosterol, 24.85 wt% of fulvic acid, 3 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate, 1 wt% of nekal, 4 wt% of 1,2 propylene glycol, 0.15 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.6 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.3 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Example 9
Chlorothalonil brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent (chlorothalonil: 14-hydroxy brassinosterol: fulvic acid weight ratio 60:0.9:79.1)
30 wt% of chlorothalonil, 0.45 wt% of 14-hydroxy brassinosterol, 39.55 wt% of fulvic acid, 3 wt% of calcium lignosulfonate, 1 wt% of nekal, 4 wt% of 1,2 propylene glycol, 0.15 wt% of xanthan gum, 0.6 wt% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.3 wt% of an organic silicon defoamer and water added to 100 wt%.
Comparative example 1
Chlorothalonil suspending agent
The brassinolide and fulvic acid in example 1 were replaced with chlorothalonil in equal weight, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 2
Brassinolide suspension
Chlorothalonil and fulvic acid in example 1 were replaced with the same amount by weight of brassinolide, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 3
Fulvic acid suspending agent
In example 1, chlorothalonil and brassinolide were replaced with fulvic acid of the same weight, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 4
Chlorothalonil-brassinolide suspension
The fulvic acid in example 1 was replaced with an equivalent weight of chlorothalonil, with the other ingredients unchanged.
Comparative example 5
Chlorothalonil-fulvic acid suspending agent
The brassinolide in example 1 was replaced with chlorothalonil in equal weight, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 6
Brassinolide fulvic acid suspending agent
The chlorothalonil solution of example 1 was replaced with brassinolide of the same weight, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 7
Chlorothalonil-brassinolide-humic acid suspending agent
The fulvic acid in example 1 was replaced with the same weight of oligoglycoside and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Comparative example 8
Chlorothalonil, gibberellic acid and fulvic acid suspending agent
The brassinolide in example 1 was replaced with propamocarb in the same weight, and the other ingredients were not changed.
Comparative example 9
Carbendazim-brassinolide-fulvic acid suspending agent
The chlorothalonil in example 1 was replaced by carbendazim of the same weight, and the other ingredients were unchanged.
Test example 1
In the test example, the test is set in Guangxi Baishao, the test plant is mango, a certain amount of distilled water is added before the test, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the total concentration of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and humic acid in the test example is adjusted to be 0.1 weight percent for later use. The field plot experiment method is adopted, the management is fine, and other agents are not used for preventing and treating other diseases and insect pests before the experiment. Cell area 45m2Randomized block permutation, repeated 3 times. The mango trees are subjected to spray treatment by adopting examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-9 respectively, and clear water is used as blank treatment. Sampling 7 days after treatment, investigating control effect.
Sampling is carried out at random 5 points in each treatment area, 25 mango trees are surveyed in each treatment area, and 30 leaves are respectively collected for each tree treated. The lesion and the leaf area are measured by Photoshop CC2014, and the percentage of the lesion to the leaf area is calculated.
The degree of harm is classified into 6 grades, 0 grade: no disease spots; level 1: the ratio of the lesion area to the leaf area is 0 to 10%; and 2, stage: the ratio of the lesion area to the leaf area is 10-25 percent; and 3, level: the ratio of the lesion area to the leaf area is 25-50 percent; 4, level: the ratio of the lesion area to the leaf area is 50-75 percent; and 5, stage: the ratio of the lesion area to the leaf area is greater than 75%. The prevention and treatment effect is calculated according to the disease index, and is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Test example 2
In the test example, the test is set in Guangxi Baishao, the test plant is mango, a certain amount of distilled water is added before the test, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the total concentration of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and humic acid in the test example is adjusted to be 0.1 weight percent for later use. The field plot experiment method is adopted, the management is fine, and other agents are not used for preventing and treating other diseases and insect pests before the experiment. Cell area 45m2Randomized block permutation, repeated 3 times. The mango trees are subjected to spray treatment by adopting examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-9 respectively, and clear water is used as blank treatment. Sampling 7 days after treatment, investigating control effect.
Sampling is carried out at random 5 points in each treatment area, 25 mango trees are surveyed in each treatment area, and 30 fruits are respectively collected from each tree in each treatment area. And (3) processing the fruit image by Matlab7.5.0(R2007b) software to obtain the surface defect area of the fruit caused by sunburn of the fruit, and calculating the percentage of the surface defect area of the fruit in the total area of the fruit.
The degree of harm is classified into 6 grades, 0 grade: no disease spots; level 1: the ratio of the surface defect area of the fruit to the total area of the fruit is 0 to 10%; and 2, stage: the ratio of the defect area of the fruit surface to the total area of the fruit is 10 to 25 percent; and 3, level: the ratio of the defect area of the fruit surface to the total area of the fruit is 25 to 50 percent; 4, level: the ratio of the defect area of the fruit surface to the total area of the fruit is 50 to 75 percent; and 5, stage: the ratio of the surface defect area of the fruit to the total area of the fruit is greater than 75%. The prevention and treatment effect is calculated according to the disease index, and is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Composition comprising a metal oxide and a metal oxide | Control of sunscald fruit (%) |
| Example 1 | 99.00 |
| Example 2 | 98.30 |
| Example 3 | 97.29 |
| Example 4 | 96.52 |
| Example 5 | 94.35 |
| Example 6 | 92.80 |
| Example 7 | 90.25 |
| Example 8 | 88.34 |
| Example 9 | 85.24 |
| Comparative example 1 | 34.37 |
| Comparative example 2 | 76.48 |
| Comparative example 3 | 52.46 |
| Comparative example 4 | 62.46 |
| Comparative example 5 | 50.60 |
| Comparative example 6 | 71.68 |
| Comparative example 7 | 71.00 |
| Comparative example 8 | 57.57 |
| Comparative example 9 | 72.35 |
| Blank control | - |
According to tables 1 and 2, comparing the data of examples 1 to 9 with those of comparative examples 1 to 9, it can be seen that the pesticide composition provided by the present invention can achieve excellent control effects on various mango fungal diseases and physiological diseases, compared with the use of chlorothalonil, brassinolide or fulvic acid alone, and compared with the use of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid in combination; comparing the data of examples 1 and 2 with those of examples 3 to 8, it can be seen that in the case where the content of brassinolide is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight and the content of fulvic acid is 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on 1 part by weight of chlorothalonil, which is preferred in the present invention, particularly in the case where the content of brassinolide is 1 to 5 parts by weight and the content of fulvic acid is 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight based on 1 part by weight of chlorothalonil, more excellent control effects can be obtained, and thus crop health can be effectively improved, and the dosage can be reduced, cost can be saved, residue can be reduced, and environmental pollution can be reduced; comparing the data of example 7 with those of examples 9-12, it can be seen that in the preferred pesticidal compositions of the present invention, there are active ingredients and adjuvants, including water, dispersants, wetting agents, antifreeze agents, thickeners, and antifoam agents, in a weight ratio of active ingredient to water, dispersant, wetting agent, antifreeze agent, thickener, and antifoam agent of 1: (1.5-6): (0.01-2.0): (0.01-1.0): (0.02-2.0): (0.01-0.2): (0.01-0.1), the effect of the agricultural chemical composition is not affected.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A pesticide composition contains active ingredients, wherein the active ingredients comprise chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid; the brassinolide is one or more selected from 28-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid and propionyl brassinolide.
2. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid is (1-100): (0.001-1): (1-100).
3. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of chlorothalonil, brassinolide and fulvic acid is (5-45): (0.01-0.1): (2-20).
4. The pesticide composition as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an auxiliary component, wherein the weight ratio of the active component to the auxiliary component is 1: (0.01-100).
5. The pesticidal composition according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary ingredient comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of water, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickener, an emulsifier, a solvent, an antifoaming agent, a binder, a disintegrant and a solid inert carrier.
6. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 5, wherein the auxiliary ingredients comprise a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, an antifreeze agent, a thickener and an antifoaming agent, and the weight ratio of the active ingredient to the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the antifreeze agent, the thickener and the antifoaming agent is 1: (0.01-2.0): (0.01-1.0): (0.02-2.0): (0.01-0.2): (0.01-0.1).
7. The pesticide composition as set forth in claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the active ingredient to the auxiliary ingredient is 1: (0.2-20).
8. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, wherein the formulation of the agricultural chemical composition is one selected from the group consisting of a suspension concentrate, a suspoemulsion, a wettable powder and a water dispersible granule.
9. Use of a pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for controlling fungal and/or viral diseases in crops.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the fungal crop disease comprises at least one selected from anthracnose, powdery mildew, scab, soot disease; the crop diseases caused by the virus comprise at least one of sunscald fruits, leaf scorch in autumn and winter, physiological fruit cracking without embryo and soil alkali damage; the crop is mango.
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