CN113907083B - Compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose - Google Patents
Compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose Download PDFInfo
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- CN113907083B CN113907083B CN202111383113.0A CN202111383113A CN113907083B CN 113907083 B CN113907083 B CN 113907083B CN 202111383113 A CN202111383113 A CN 202111383113A CN 113907083 B CN113907083 B CN 113907083B
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- tetramycin
- prochloraz
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The invention provides a compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose, which takes tetramycin and prochloraz as effective components and the balance as auxiliary components, wherein the mass ratio of the tetramycin to the prochloraz is 1:1-1. The inventor repeatedly screens the biopesticide with the inhibitory activity to the pepper colletotrichum gloeosporioides, repeatedly tests the mass ratio of the raw materials of the mixed medicament, compares the test results, finds the composite bactericide and has stronger bacteriostatic effect on the pepper colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the composition greatly reduces the dosage of chemical pesticides after compounding tetramycin and prochloraz, has a control effect far higher than that of a single agent, and has the effects of reducing pesticide and improving efficiency. 2. After the biological-chemical bactericide is compounded, the amount of active ingredients of the chemical agent is reduced, so that the resistance risk of the chemical bactericide is reduced. 3. Reduces pesticide residue and has little pollution to environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide compounding, in particular to a tetramycin and prochloraz-containing compounded bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose.
Background
The pepper anthracnose is a worldwide disease caused by anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) fungi, mainly damages fruits, and can cause severe yield reduction of pepper even absolute harvest if the control is not proper in the later growth stage. Chemical control is the main means to alleviate anthracnose. At present, chemical agents for preventing and treating anthracnose mainly comprise benzimidazole bactericides (carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and the like), strobilurin bactericides (pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin and the like), triazole bactericides (difenoconazole, propiconazole and the like) and the like, and the anthracnose of hot pepper generates drug resistance of different degrees on the agents along with long-time application, so that the prevention and treatment effects of the agents are reduced. In recent years, biological control has the advantages of safety, no residue, difficulty in generating drug resistance and the like, but due to factors such as slow effect taking, unstable effect and the like, the application prospect is limited, and a new strategy for controlling plant diseases is realized by adopting the synergistic use of biological agents and chemical agents. The reasonable biological-chemical agent compounding has the advantages of expanding the bactericidal spectrum, improving the control effect, reducing the chemical dosage, reducing the phytotoxicity, reducing the residue, delaying the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the like, thereby becoming one of the trends of controlling plant diseases in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose, which develops compound research of biological agents and chemical agents by screening high-efficiency biological agents. The compound bactericide has a strong bacteriostatic effect on pepper anthracnose pathogen, can be applied to preventing pepper anthracnose, reduces the loss caused by the occurrence of the anthracnose, increases the yield of pepper and income of farmers, and provides development service for national economy.
A compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose takes tetramycin and prochloraz as effective components, and the balance as auxiliary components, wherein the mass ratio of the tetramycin to the prochloraz is 1:1-1.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose, disclosed by the invention, is characterized in that the total mass of tetramycin and prochloraz accounts for 2-41% of the mass of the whole bactericide.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose is characterized in that the mass ratio of tetramycin to prochloraz is 1.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from a suspending agent, a microemulsion or water dispersible granules.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the formulation of the compound bactericide is a suspending agent: 0.5 to 1 percent of tetramycin, 0.5 to 40 percent of prochloraz, 0.5 to 20 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 10 percent of wetting agent, 2 to 5 percent of antifreeze, 0.1 to 1 percent of defoamer, 0.1 to 2 percent of thickener and the balance of water;
the dispersing agent is sodium naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt;
the wetting agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, tea seed cake powder and saponin powder;
the antifreezing agent is propylene glycol;
the defoaming agent is one or more of silicone compounds, higher alcohol fatty acid ester compounds, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene glycerol ether and silicone oil;
the thickening agent is one or more of xanthan gum adhesive, magnesium aluminum silicate, polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, gum arabic and phenolic resin.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the formulation of the compound bactericide is a suspending agent: 0.6% of tetramycin, 18% of prochloraz, 2% of propylene glycol, 2% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5% of sodium naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde polymer, 0.3% of xanthan gum adhesive, 0.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2% of silicone oil and the balance of water; mixing the above materials, and grinding with sand mill to powder with particle diameter of 90% below 5 μm.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the dosage form of the compound bactericide is microemulsion: 0.5 to 1 percent of tetramycin, 0.5 to 40 percent of prochloraz, 1 to 20 percent of solvent, 10 to 20 percent of emulsifier, 2 to 5 percent of antifreeze and the balance of water;
the solvent is one or two of dichloromethane and cyclohexanone;
the antifreezing agent is propylene glycol;
the emulsifier is one or two of emulsifier 2201 and emulsifier NP-20.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the dosage form of the compound bactericide is microemulsion: 0.5% of tetramycin, 20% of prochloraz, 10% of dichloromethane, 5% of cyclohexanone, 5% of propylene glycol, 2201% of emulsifier, NP-20% of emulsifier and the balance of water; dissolving prochloraz by using dichloromethane, sequentially adding cyclohexanone, an emulsifier 2201, an emulsifier NP-20, tetramycin and deionized water, and stirring each single material for 20min before adding.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the formulation of the compound bactericide is water dispersible granules: 0.4 to 1 percent of tetramycin, 0.4 to 40 percent of prochloraz, 5 to 10 percent of disintegrating agent, 3 to 8 percent of dispersing agent, 1 to 5 percent of wetting agent and the balance of solid carrier;
the disintegrant is ammonium sulfate;
the wetting agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, tea seed cake powder and Chinese honeylocust fruit powder;
the dispersing agent is sodium naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt;
the solid carrier is bentonite.
The compound bactericide for preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass when the formulation of the compound bactericide is water dispersible granules: 0.4% of tetramycin, 24% of prochloraz, 8% of ammonium sulfate, 2.5% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3% of naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt and the balance of bentonite, wherein the components are fully and uniformly mixed, the mother powder is prepared by crushing, the mother powder is uniformly mixed with a proper amount of aqueous solution, and then fluidized bed granulation, drying and sieving are carried out to obtain the product.
Tetramycin (tetramycin) is a fermentation metabolite of streptomyces hygroscopicus paraspora subspecies, and comprises four components of A1, A2, B and C, wherein A1 and A2 are macrolide tetraene antibiotics; b is a peptide pyrimidine nucleotide antibiotic; c is a nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic antibiotic. The tetramycin has wide bactericidal spectrum and extremely strong killing effect on twenty-six known pathogenic fungi of three major categories, such as flagellate fungi, ascomycetes and fungi imperfecti. It is suitable for preventing and treating various fungal and bacterial diseases of various crops. Especially has good control effect on fungal diseases such as anthracnose, rice bakanae disease, rice damping off, tomato leaf mold, rice blast, cucumber gray mold, melon wilt, pepper phytophthora blight and the like.
Prochloraz belongs to imidazole bactericide, and mainly inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing diseases. The bactericidal composition has a treatment effect on diseases caused by ascomycetes and imperfect fungi, can also be mixed with a plurality of bactericides, has a good control effect on a plurality of diseases such as rice blast, rice bakanae disease, wheat scab, citrus anthracnose, mango anthracnose, pepper anthracnose, grape white rot, flower powdery mildew, banana scab and the like, has low toxicity to non-target organisms, and has a good application prospect in agricultural production.
The inventor repeatedly screens the biopesticide with the inhibitory activity to the pepper colletotrichum gloeosporioides, repeatedly tests the mass ratio of the raw materials of the mixed medicament, compares the test results, finds the composite bactericide and has stronger bacteriostatic effect on the pepper colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the composition greatly reduces the dosage of chemical pesticides after compounding tetramycin and prochloraz, has a control effect far higher than that of a single agent, and has the effects of reducing pesticide and improving efficiency.
2. After the biological-chemical bactericide is compounded, the amount of active ingredients of the chemical agent is reduced, so that the resistance risk of the chemical bactericide is reduced.
3. Reduces pesticide residue and has little pollution to environment.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the nature of the present invention, its contents are further described below in conjunction with the following examples, which are not to be considered as limiting, but are to be construed to illustrate the present invention and all changes, substitutions and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Example 1: indoor toxicity determination of pepper anthracnose by mixing prochloraz and tetramycin
The test method comprises the following steps: the toxicity and the synergistic coefficient of the composition of tetramycin and prochloraz in different proportions to a target are measured indoors by taking pepper Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Colletotrichum Scoviliei) which is sensitive to prochloraz, namely a sensitive strain TJNH06 (obtained by separation and purification in a laboratory) as a test target. The method adopts 95 percent of prochloraz original drug to be dissolved into 1000 mu g/mL mother liquor by using dimethylformamide, and tetramycin original drug is diluted into 1000 mu g/mL mother liquor by using water and stored at 4 ℃ for later use. The tetramycin and the prochloraz are respectively prepared into series of liquid medicines of 1:1, 1 50 Value and coefficient of synergy. Calculating regression equation and EC by DPS data processing system 50 The value is obtained. The synergy coefficient (SR) was calculated according to the Wadley method, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Average inhibition rate of hypha growth = [ (control colony diameter mean-treated colony diameter mean)/(control colony diameter mean-inoculated cake diameter) ] × 100%.
The combined action type of the mixed medicament is evaluated according to the synergy coefficient (SR), namely, SR < 0.5 is antagonistic action, SR < 0.5 is not less than 1.5 is additive action, and SR > 1.5 is synergistic action. SR = EC 50 (Eth)/EC 50 (ob)，EC 50 (Eth)＝(a+b)/[(a/EC 50 A)+(b/EC 50 B)]. Wherein A, B are respectively single bactericide, a and b are the proportion of the corresponding single bactericide in the mixture, and EC 50 (Eth) as a mixture EC 50 Theoretical value, EC 50 (Eob) is EC 50 The measured value.
From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that when the ratio of tetramycin to prochloraz is 1:1-60, the EC for Colletotrichum capsici is as follows 50 0.0194-0.0640 mu g/ml, and the synergistic coefficient is 2.13-4.40, which all achieve the synergistic effect, wherein 1.
TABLE 1 tetramycin-prochloraz indoor formulation screening results (sensitive strain TJNH 06)
EC of tetramycin on hypha growth of colletotrichum gloeosporioides by indoor activity determination 50 The value is 0.5567 mug/ml, meanwhile, the inventor researches the drug resistance risk of the anthrax germ to the tetramycin, finds that the tetramycin is different from any other selective antibiotics and chemical bactericides with extremely high resistance risk, and cannot screen strains with resistance to the tetramycin under laboratory and field conditions. It is concluded that other specific mechanisms of disease resistance may exist for tetramycin.
Example 2:18.6% tetramycin-prochloraz suspending agent
The composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.6% of tetramycin, 18% of prochloraz, 2% of propylene glycol, 2% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5% of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt (NNO), 0.3% of xanthan gum adhesive, 0.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2% of defoaming agent and the balance of water, wherein the defoaming agent is silicone oil. The components are fully and uniformly mixed, and are crushed by a sand mill until the diameter of 90 percent of medicament particles is less than or equal to 5 mu m, so as to obtain the 18.6 percent tetramycin-prochloraz suspending agent.
Example 3:20.5% tetramycin-prochloraz microemulsion
The composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.5% of tetramycin, 20% of prochloraz, 10% of dichloromethane, 5% of cyclohexanone, 5% of propylene glycol, 2201% of emulsifier, 5% of emulsifier NP-20 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and the balance of water.
Dissolving prochloraz in dichloromethane, sequentially adding cyclohexanone, emulsifier 2201, emulsifier NP-20, tetramycin and deionized water, stirring the single materials for 20min, and adding to obtain 20.5% tetramycin-prochloraz microemulsion. Emulsifier 2201 and emulsifier NP-20 were obtained from Kepler Biotech, inc., shandong.
Example 4:24.4% tetramycin-prochloraz water dispersible granule
The composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.4 percent of tetramycin, 24 percent of prochloraz, 8 percent of ammonium sulfate, 2.5 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3 percent of sodium naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and the balance of bentonite. The components are fully and uniformly mixed, mother powder is prepared by crushing, the mother powder is uniformly mixed with a proper amount of aqueous solution, and then fluidized bed granulation, drying and sieving are carried out to prepare the 24.4 percent tetramycin-prochloraz water dispersible granule.
The field control effect tests for controlling pepper anthracnose are carried out on the samples prepared in the examples 2 to 4, and the field effect tests are respectively carried out on three different places (the test places are respectively a board bridge town poplar flower Zhuang Cun in Ninghe area of Tianjin, yue Longzhen West Dongdun village and modern agricultural innovation base Wuqing test places in Tianjin agriculture academy), and the test objects are all the pepper anthracnose (the pathogen is Colletotrichum scovilleei). The 6 treatments were set, the clear water was used as a control, each treatment was repeated 4 times, the cells were arranged in random blocks, and the area of the cells was 20 square meters. The investigation of pepper anthracnose is carried out according to the pesticide field efficacy test criterion (I) of national standard of the people's republic of China: GB/T17980.33-2000' investigation on the control of pepper anthracnose by the bactericide, weather conditions (temperature, humidity, rainfall and the like) are recorded in the experimental process, and the experimental results of examples 2-4 are respectively shown in tables 2, 3 and 4.
TABLE 2 field test results of efficacy of 18.6% tetramycin-prochloraz suspending agent for controlling pepper anthracnose in example 1
TABLE 3 field test results of efficacy of 20.5% prochloraz-tetramycin microemulsion in controlling pepper anthracnose in example 2
TABLE 4 results of the field efficacy test of the 24.4% prochloraz-tetramycin water dispersible granule for controlling pepper anthracnose in example 3
Through the field efficacy tests of the examples 2-4 in 2019 in three different places, the control effect of the 18.6% tetramycin-prochloraz suspending agent on pepper anthracnose is 84.13% -89.56%; the control effect of the 20.5 percent prochloraz-tetramycin microemulsion on pepper anthracnose is 3238 to 88.64 percent in high, medium and low doses; the control effect of the 24.4% prochloraz-tetramycin water dispersible granule on pepper anthracnose is 81.16-86.37% in three high, medium and low doses; the control effect of the compound preparations of the three formulations is far higher than that of single tetramycin and prochloraz, and the bactericide composition disclosed by the invention is used for spraying hot pepper after compounding the single tetramycin and the prochloraz, so that the morbidity and the disease index are effectively reduced, the control effect is improved, the dosage is greatly reduced, and a large amount of economic investment is saved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The application of the compound bactericide in preventing and treating the pepper anthracnose is characterized in that: tetramycin and prochloraz are used as effective components, and the balance is auxiliary components, wherein the mass ratio of the tetramycin to the prochloraz is 1:1-1.
2. The use of the compound bactericide as claimed in claim 1 for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose, which is characterized in that: the total mass of tetramycin and prochloraz is 2-41% of the mass of the whole bactericide.
3. The use of the compound bactericide as claimed in claim 1 for preventing and treating pepper anthracnose, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the tetramycin to the prochloraz is 1.
4. The use of the compound bactericide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for controlling pepper anthracnose is characterized in that: the formulation of the compound bactericide is a suspending agent, a microemulsion or water dispersible granules.
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| CN113951273B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-06-17 | 河南农业大学 | Bactericidal composition for preventing and treating southern blight |
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