CN114324231A - River channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method - Google Patents
River channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114324231A CN114324231A CN202111596711.6A CN202111596711A CN114324231A CN 114324231 A CN114324231 A CN 114324231A CN 202111596711 A CN202111596711 A CN 202111596711A CN 114324231 A CN114324231 A CN 114324231A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a river channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method, which relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, spectral data of a river water sample and a river channel watershed are respectively obtained through infrared spectra and ultraviolet spectra, the obtained spectral data are processed, water quality data of different river channel watersheds are obtained, so that the ratio of different components in water and the distribution condition of algae and garbage in the river channel watershed are obtained, the ratio threshold of the components is set according to various components, the ratio of each component in the obtained river water sample is compared with the corresponding ratio threshold, and if the ratio exceeds the ratio threshold, the corresponding component and the river channel watershed are marked; and then marking the river channels with the ratio exceeding the ratio threshold value corresponding to the component in all the river channel flow fields to finish the tracing of the overproof component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to a river channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method.
Background
The river water quality detection comprises the steps of sampling, inspecting and the like, the water taking position and the water taking depth of a river are both required during sampling, at present, a sampling bottle with a rope is usually placed in water for sampling, and due to the difference of water taking environments, the sampling bottle is possibly impacted by water flow in the water to generate displacement, so that the detection precision is influenced; moreover, the common sampling is carried out by manually taking samples to the river side, then the samples are taken to a laboratory for detection, the test process is complex, and the accuracy of water quality detection is easily influenced due to various external factors in the transportation process;
the river channel cruising full spectrum water quality data analysis method has the advantages that by means of the spectrum detection technology, the river channel water quality can be detected at any time in the process of cruising the river channel, the river channel water quality condition can be better analyzed by means of the spectrum detection technology, the source which leads to the water quality not reaching the standard can be locked quickly when the water quality does not reach the standard, and the problem needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a river channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a river channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a river channel three-dimensional layout model, dividing a river into a plurality of river channel drainage basins by combining the river channel three-dimensional layout model, and setting a patrol point at each river channel drainage basin;
step two: respectively acquiring spectral data of a river water sample and spectral data of a river basin at different patrol points through infrared spectra and ultraviolet spectra;
step three: processing the obtained spectral data to obtain water quality data of different river basins;
step four: and analyzing the water quality data of different river basin, thereby obtaining the content of different components in the water and the distribution condition of algae and garbage in the river basin.
Further, the specific construction process of the three-dimensional layout model of the river channel comprises the following steps:
dividing a river channel into a plurality of river channel drainage basins, and arranging a patrol point at each river reach; and establishing a three-dimensional river channel layout according to river channel watershed distribution on the river channel and the position of the patrol point corresponding to each river channel watershed.
Further, the acquisition process of the spectral data of the river water sample comprises: marking river basin, sampling river water at the inspection point of each river basin so as to obtain a river water sample, and irradiating the river water sample by emitting near infrared spectrum to obtain the water quality detection spectrum data of the river water sample.
Further, the acquisition process of the spectral data of the river basin comprises the following steps: performing spectrum detection on a river drainage basin corresponding to the river sample through infrared spectrum, thereby obtaining water area detection spectrum data of the river drainage basin; the water quality data corresponding to the river drainage basin is obtained by processing the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river drainage basin.
Further, the processing process of the water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river basin specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a water quality detection component reference library and a water pollutant detection reference library;
and respectively inputting the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river basin into a water quality detection component reference library and a water area pollutant detection reference library so as to obtain the content of components corresponding to different coloring areas and the distribution condition of various components in the river basin, and performing spectral analysis on different components in the obtained spectrogram so as to obtain a spectral analysis chart of the river water sample and different components in the river basin.
Further, the water quality detection component reference library comprises names of different components in river water, and the establishment process of the water quality detection component reference library comprises the following steps: according to each component, setting an infrared detection spectrum of the corresponding component, acquiring the infrared light absorbance owned by the unit content of each component, and binding the obtained infrared detection spectrum with the corresponding component.
Further, the reference library for detecting water pollutants comprises names of different algae or garbage in a river flow area, and the establishing process of the reference library for detecting water pollutants comprises the following steps: and setting a corresponding ultraviolet detection spectrum according to each algae or garbage, obtaining the light absorbance owned by the unit content of each algae or garbage, and performing spectral analysis on the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample to obtain a corresponding spectrogram.
Further, the analysis process of the water quality data of the river basin comprises the following steps:
respectively marking a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of the river water sample and a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of a river channel drainage basin, obtaining the frequency spectrum graph of the river water sample and wave peak points in the frequency spectrum graph of the river channel drainage basin, and marking the light radiation quantity of the wavelength corresponding to each wave peak point, so as to obtain the light absorbance of different wavelengths of the corresponding river water sample, and obtain the proportion of each component in the river water sample; and simultaneously obtaining the coverage rate of algae and the garbage accumulation coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the content of a certain component exceeds the standard, the river basin with the highest component content in different river basin is obtained, so that the source is positioned, and the treatment efficiency of the river is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a river channel three-dimensional layout model, dividing a river into a plurality of river channel drainage basins by combining the river channel three-dimensional layout model, and setting a patrol point at each river channel drainage basin;
step two: acquiring spectral data of the river basin at different patrol points through infrared spectrum and ultraviolet spectrum;
step three: processing the obtained spectral data to obtain water quality data of different river basins;
step four: and analyzing the water quality data of different river basins, and sending the analysis result to a monitoring center.
It should be further explained that, in a specific implementation process, a three-dimensional river channel layout model is formed according to a certain proportion according to an actual structure of a river channel, and the specific construction process of the three-dimensional river channel layout model includes:
dividing the river channel into a plurality of river sections as required, and marking an area corresponding to each river section as a river channel basin;
arranging a patrol measuring point at each river reach; the patrol measuring points are used for acquiring water quality data in the corresponding river flow area at the patrol measuring points when the water quality condition of the river is patrolled;
and establishing a three-dimensional river channel layout according to the river reach distribution on the river channel and the position of the patrol point corresponding to each river reach.
The acquisition process of the spectral data of the river water sample comprises the following steps:
marking river basin as i, i is 1, 2, … …, n is an integer;
carrying out river water sampling at the inspection point of each river channel watershed so as to obtain a river water sample;
and irradiating the river water sample by emitting a near infrared spectrum to obtain water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample.
It should be further noted that, in a specific implementation process, in the process of detecting the river water sample by using the infrared spectrum, since the river water sample contains different components, the components will generate different characteristic light waves after being irradiated by the infrared spectrum, and by receiving the characteristic light waves, the contents of the various components in the river water sample can be clearly obtained, so as to further judge the water quality condition of the river basin corresponding to the river water sample.
After the acquisition of the water quality detection data of the river water sample of the river basin is completed, performing spectrum detection on the river basin corresponding to the river water sample through an infrared spectrum, thereby obtaining water area detection spectrum data of the river basin;
processing the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river basin to obtain water quality data corresponding to the river basin;
the treatment process of the water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river basin specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a water quality detection component reference library, wherein the water quality detection component reference library comprises names of different components in river water;
setting an infrared detection spectrum of the corresponding component according to each component;
acquiring infrared light absorbance possessed by unit content of each component;
binding the obtained infrared detection spectrum with corresponding components to generate a water quality detection component reference library;
it needs to be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, the water quality detection component reference library is used for detecting the content of various trace elements in river water;
setting a water pollutant detection reference library, wherein the water pollutant detection reference library comprises names of different algae or garbage in a river channel flow field;
according to each algae or garbage, setting a corresponding ultraviolet detection spectrum, and obtaining the light absorbance owned by the unit content of each algae or garbage;
carrying out spectral analysis on the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample so as to obtain a corresponding spectrogram;
inputting the obtained spectrogram into a water quality detection component reference library to obtain the distribution condition of various components in the spectrogram, coloring different components, and finding color areas according to different colors in the spectrogram to obtain the content of the components corresponding to the different color areas;
processing the water area detection spectral data of the river drainage basin so as to obtain a spectrogram of the river drainage basin;
inputting the obtained spectrogram into a water quality detection component reference library so as to obtain the distribution condition of various components in a river basin, and coloring different components;
and carrying out spectrum analysis on different components in the obtained spectrogram, thereby obtaining spectrum analysis graphs of different components in river water samples and river channel flow domains.
The water quality data after the treatment is analyzed, so that the water quality condition in the corresponding river channel flow domain is judged, and the specific analysis process comprises the following steps:
respectively marking a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of a river water sample and a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of a river basin, wherein the abscissa of the frequency spectrum change curve is wavelength, and the ordinate is light radiation quantity;
acquiring a spectrogram of a river water sample and wave peak points in the spectrogram of a river basin, and marking the light radiation quantity of the wavelength corresponding to each wave peak point;
inputting the light radiation quantity of different wavelengths in the spectrogram of the river water sample into the formula HF (HG) logFront side/HGRear end) So as to obtain a corresponding light absorbance HF; wherein HGFront sideHG is the amount of light radiation of the infrared light before it irradiates the river water sampleRear endThe light radiation quantity of infrared light after irradiating the river water sample is obtained;
obtaining the content of different components according to the front and back light radiation quantity of different components in the river water sample;
and obtaining the ratio of different components in the river water sample according to the obtained content of each component.
The method is characterized in that the light radiation quantity of different wavelengths in a spectrogram of a river basin is input into the formula YF-log (YG)Front side/YGRear end) So as to obtain the light absorbance YF of the corresponding river basin; wherein YGFront sideFor the light radiation of UV light before irradiating the river basin, HGRear endIs the light of ultraviolet light after irradiating river basinThe amount of radiation;
according to the front and back light radiation quantity of different components in the river channel flow field, the coverage area of different algae in the river channel flow field and the quantity of garbage are obtained;
according to the coverage areas of different algae and the areas of corresponding river basins, the coverage rates of different algae are obtained;
acquiring the quantity of garbage of each river channel drainage basin, and marking the quantity of the garbage as LJi；
The total amount of garbage in the river is LZ ═ LJ1+LJ2+……+LJn；
The garbage distribution rate LF in the river is equal to LZ/L; wherein L is the total length of the river;
it should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, the positions and the geographic features of different river basin locations often differ, so that garbage accumulation exists in part of the river basin in special terrain, and then the formula LD ═ LJ is usedi-LZ/n obtaining a garbage pile-up factor LD;
setting a garbage accumulation coefficient threshold, marking a corresponding river basin when the garbage accumulation coefficient is higher than the garbage accumulation coefficient threshold, sending the marked river basin to a monitoring center, and arranging the river garbage to be cleaned by the monitoring center;
respectively setting corresponding algae coverage rate threshold values according to the algae, and comparing the obtained algae coverage rates with the corresponding algae coverage rate threshold values; when the algae coverage rate exceeds the algae coverage rate threshold value, marking the corresponding river basin position, sending the position of the river basin to a monitoring center, and arranging the river algae cleaning by the monitoring center.
Setting a ratio threshold of each component according to each component, comparing the ratio of each component in the obtained river water sample with a corresponding ratio threshold, and marking the corresponding component and the river basin if the ratio exceeds the ratio threshold;
then marking the river channels with the ratio exceeding the ratio threshold value corresponding to the component in all the river channel flow fields;
and obtaining the river basin corresponding to the highest occupation ratio, marking the river basin as the influence source of the component, and then sending the influence source to the monitoring center.
It should be further noted that, in the specific implementation process, trace elements in river water are often unable to be directly perceived when exceeding the standard, and tracing of a pollution source is difficult.
The above formulas are all calculated by removing dimensions and taking numerical values thereof, the formula is a formula which is obtained by acquiring a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the closest real situation, and the preset parameters and the preset threshold value in the formula are set by the technical personnel in the field according to the actual situation or obtained by simulating a large amount of data.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A river channel patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a river channel three-dimensional layout model, dividing a river into a plurality of river channel drainage basins by combining the river channel three-dimensional layout model, and setting a patrol point at each river channel drainage basin;
step two: respectively acquiring spectral data of a river water sample and spectral data of a river basin at different patrol points through infrared spectra and ultraviolet spectra;
step three: processing the obtained spectral data to obtain water quality data of different river basins;
step four: analyzing water quality data of different river basin, thereby obtaining the ratio of different components in water and the distribution condition of algae and garbage in the river basin, setting the ratio threshold of the components according to various components, comparing the ratio of each component in the obtained river water sample with the corresponding ratio threshold, and marking the corresponding component and the river basin if the ratio exceeds the ratio threshold; and then marking the river channels with the ratio exceeding the ratio threshold value corresponding to the component in all the river channel flow fields to finish the tracing of the overproof component.
2. The river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the specific construction process of the river three-dimensional layout model comprises the following steps:
dividing a river channel into a plurality of river channel drainage basins, and arranging a patrol point at each river reach; and establishing a three-dimensional river channel layout according to river channel watershed distribution on the river channel and the position of the patrol point corresponding to each river channel watershed.
3. The river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition process of the spectrum data of the river water sample comprises the following steps: marking river basin, sampling river water at the inspection point of each river basin so as to obtain a river water sample, and irradiating the river water sample by emitting near infrared spectrum to obtain the water quality detection spectrum data of the river water sample.
4. The river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method according to claim 3, wherein the acquisition process of the spectrum data of the river basin comprises the following steps: performing spectrum detection on a river drainage basin corresponding to the river sample through infrared spectrum, thereby obtaining water area detection spectrum data of the river drainage basin; the water quality data corresponding to the river drainage basin is obtained by processing the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river drainage basin.
5. The river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method according to claim 4, wherein the processing process of the water quality detection spectrum data of the river sample and the water area detection spectrum data of the river watershed specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a water quality detection component reference library and a water pollutant detection reference library;
and respectively inputting the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample and the water area detection spectral data of the river basin into a water quality detection component reference library and a water area pollutant detection reference library so as to obtain the content of components corresponding to different coloring areas and the distribution condition of various components in the river basin, and performing spectral analysis on different components in the obtained spectrogram so as to obtain a spectral analysis chart of the river water sample and different components in the river basin.
6. The method for analyzing the riverway patrol full-spectrum water quality data according to claim 5, wherein the water quality detection component reference library comprises names of different components in river water, and the establishment process of the water quality detection component reference library comprises the following steps: according to each component, setting an infrared detection spectrum of the corresponding component, acquiring the infrared light absorbance owned by the unit content of each component, and binding the obtained infrared detection spectrum with the corresponding component.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the reference library for detecting contaminants in water comprises names of different algae or garbage in the river, and the process of establishing the reference library for detecting contaminants in water comprises: and setting a corresponding ultraviolet detection spectrum according to each algae or garbage, obtaining the light absorbance owned by the unit content of each algae or garbage, and performing spectral analysis on the obtained water quality detection spectral data of the river water sample to obtain a corresponding spectrogram.
8. The river patrol full-spectrum water quality data analysis method according to claim 7, wherein the analysis process of the water quality data of the river basin comprises the following steps:
respectively marking a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of the river water sample and a frequency spectrum change curve in a frequency spectrum graph of a river channel drainage basin, obtaining the frequency spectrum graph of the river water sample and wave peak points in the frequency spectrum graph of the river channel drainage basin, and marking the light radiation quantity of the wavelength corresponding to each wave peak point, so as to obtain the light absorbance of different wavelengths of the corresponding river water sample, and obtain the proportion of each component in the river water sample;
and simultaneously obtaining the coverage rate of algae and the garbage accumulation coefficient.
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