CN109711674A - A kind of finger-print base construction method and device traced to the source for lake and reservoir water pollution - Google Patents
A kind of finger-print base construction method and device traced to the source for lake and reservoir water pollution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of finger-print base construction method and device traced to the source for lake and reservoir water pollution, can quickly and accurately realize that pollution sources trace.The described method includes: obtaining lake and reservoir water environment information；Lake and reservoir water environment information based on acquisition selects several finger-print indexs from lake-reservoir pollution object fingerprint databases candidate's index according to pre-set index screening principle；Acquire lake and reservoir sample and pollution sources sample；According to the lake and reservoir sample and pollution sources sample of acquisition, analysis test is carried out to the finger-print index selected, obtains finger-print index value；According to obtained finger-print index value, lake-reservoir pollution object fingerprint databases are determined, according to determining lake-reservoir pollution object fingerprint databases, in conjunction with lake and reservoir basic data and apply data, construct lake-reservoir pollution fingerprints database.The fingerprints database that the present invention constructs is suitable for lake and reservoir water quality evaluation, pollution risk evaluation, water quality monitoring early warning and pollutant sources trace-back operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environment, in particular to a method and a device for constructing a fingerprint spectrum library for tracing water pollution sources in lakes and reservoirs.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the improvement of the living standard of people, the surface water environments such as lakes and reservoirs and the like are seriously threatened. The discharge of three industrial wastes, the large-area use of pesticides and fertilizers, and the discharge of domestic garbage and urban sewage not only cause the pollution of water environment, but also threaten the production, the living and the body health of local people. However, due to the reasons of wide water pollution sources, complex components, unclear pollution routes and the like, the rapid identification of the pollution sources becomes a technical difficulty surrounding the water environment safety management and is also an important technical method for guaranteeing the water environment safety. How to block the gap at the source and quickly analyze the pollution source become the key point for the research of scholars at home and abroad.
In recent years, the lake and reservoir type surface water environment protection work of China makes great progress, and the normalized surface water conventional index monitoring and early warning is basically realized. However, conventional monitoring indicators (e.g., chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon) can only reflect the total amount of pollution, and cannot reflect the toxicity of the pollutants and their sources. More importantly, the situation of surface water pollution in China is still severe, and sudden water pollution accidents and enterprise sewage stealing and discharging phenomena frequently occur, so that the ecological environment and social and economic development of a drainage basin are seriously affected. When a pollution event occurs, the pollution source can be cut off in time only by rapidly diagnosing the source of the sudden pollution accident, so that the pollution condition is prevented from further worsening; when the steal-discharging phenomenon occurs, the responsibility of the following sewage disposal enterprise can be determined only by accurately distinguishing the steal-discharging behavior, so that the responsibility can be better monitored.
At present, advanced water pollution tracing technology is realized by combining the supervision technology of a pollution discharge enterprise. If the excessive sewage of the sewage discharging enterprise flows through the normally working on-line automatic monitoring equipment arranged at the sewage discharging outlet of the enterprise, an illegal sewage discharging responsible party can be quickly found through the equipment. If the excessive sewage of the sewage disposal enterprise does not flow through the normally working online automatic monitoring equipment (for example, the equipment is damaged by artificial change and the sewage disposal outlet is hidden) arranged at the sewage disposal outlet of the enterprise, the polluted downstream water sample and the water samples of the sewage disposal outlets of the upstream multiple sewage disposal enterprises need to be collected, synchronous analysis and detection are carried out, and the liability party of the illegal sewage disposal is found by analyzing and comparing the detection results. If more pollution-related enterprises are in the upstream and the suspicion area is large, the workload of tracing the pollution is large, the time and the energy are consumed, and even the emergency treatment of sudden pollution accidents is delayed, so that unnecessary social and economic losses are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fingerprint spectrum library construction method and a fingerprint spectrum library construction device for tracing the water pollution source of a lake reservoir, so as to solve the problems of large workload and long time consumption for tracing the pollution source when a pollution-related enterprise is more in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a fingerprint spectrum library for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution sources, including:
acquiring water environment information of lakes and reservoirs;
selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information;
collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data.
Further, the acquiring of the lake and reservoir water environment information includes:
and acquiring characteristic pollutants in the water environment of the lake reservoir and pollution emission source types and heavy-point pollution sources around the lake reservoir.
Further, the acquiring of the characteristic pollutants in the water environment of the lake reservoir comprises:
and comprehensively utilizing the environmental quality evaluation, the pollution risk evaluation, the detection frequency analysis and the environmental function regionalization analysis to identify and screen out the characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water body.
Further, the acquiring of the type of the pollution emission source and the heavy pollution source around the lake and reservoir comprises:
determining the type of the discharge source with the correlation degree exceeding the correlation degree threshold value with the characteristic pollutants of the water body in the lake and reservoir according to the industrial sewage discharge standard, the historical monitoring data of the pollution source and the results of field investigation and sampling analysis;
screening out the heavy point pollution sources of various characteristic pollutants by an emission load estimation method;
and determining a list of the heavy-point pollution sources of the lake and reservoir water environment by combining the functional regions of the lake and reservoir water environment.
Further, the index screening principle comprises: resolvability, specificity, stability, and sensitivity.
Further, the candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint atlas database comprise: fluorescence index of water quality, heavy metal index, microorganism index and other characteristic pollutant indexes;
wherein, the other characteristic pollutant indexes are lake and reservoir characteristic pollutant indexes except a water quality fluorescence index, a heavy metal index and a microorganism index.
Further, the lake reservoir sample is an environment sample of the lake reservoir water body and the river entering the water;
the pollution sources include: and the water conservancy is connected with lakes and reservoirs to form industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources and living pollution sources.
Further, the basic data of the lake and the reservoir comprises: lake and reservoir and drainage basin information, drainage basin hydrology and environment monitoring data and drainage basin pollution source information, wherein the drainage basin pollution source information comprises: pollution emission source type and heavy point pollution source information;
the lake and reservoir application data comprises: monitoring for one or more of evaluation, predictive warning, statistical analysis.
Further, after the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database is constructed, the method further comprises the following steps:
when a pollution event occurs, testing related indexes of the polluted water body, comparing a test result with fingerprint map index values of pollution emission source types and heavy pollution sources in a constructed lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database, and tracing the pollution sources through the similarity of single or multiple fingerprint map index values of the pollution sources, wherein the related indexes are consistent with indexes selected by the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fingerprint map library construction device for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution sources, which comprises the following steps:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the water environment information of the lakes and reservoirs;
the screening module is used for selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint atlas database according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information;
the collection module is used for collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
the analysis module is used for analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and the construction module is used for determining the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, lake and reservoir water environment information is obtained; selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information; collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples; according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index to obtain a fingerprint index value; and determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data. Therefore, when a pollution event occurs, the relevant indexes of the polluted water body are tested, the test result is compared with the constructed fingerprint index values of the pollution emission source type and the heavy pollution source in the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database, and the tracing of the pollution source is quickly and accurately realized through the similarity of single or multiple fingerprint index values of the pollution source, so that the workload of tracing the water pollution source is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fingerprint spectrum library construction method for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution sources according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart schematic diagram of a fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of water pollution in lakes and reservoirs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lake and reservoir water environment survey workflow provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fingerprint spectrum library construction device for tracing the water pollution sources in the lakes and reservoirs according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a fingerprint spectrum library construction method and device for lake and reservoir water body pollution tracing, aiming at the problems of large workload and long time consumption in pollution tracing of the existing pollution-related enterprises.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing a fingerprint spectrum library for tracing the water pollution sources in lakes and reservoirs according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, obtaining water environment information of a lake reservoir;
s102, selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake reservoir water environment information;
s103, collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
s104, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and S105, determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the basic data and the application data of the lake and reservoir.
According to the fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the water pollution source in the lake and reservoir, the water environment information in the lake and reservoir is obtained; selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information; collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples; according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index to obtain a fingerprint index value; and determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data. Therefore, when a pollution event occurs, the relevant indexes of the polluted water body are tested, the test result is compared with the constructed fingerprint index values of the pollution emission source type and the heavy pollution source in the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database, and the tracing of the pollution source is quickly and accurately realized through the similarity of single or multiple fingerprint index values of the pollution source, so that the workload of tracing the water pollution source is greatly reduced.
The lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database constructed in the embodiment is not only suitable for tracing the source of pollutants, but also can provide necessary scientific and technological support for lake and reservoir water environment quality evaluation, pollution risk evaluation, water quality monitoring and early warning, water source protection, total emission reduction, ecological restoration, pollution accident investigation and damage compensation, and has important practical significance for effectively controlling the environment pollution of lakes and reservoirs and ensuring the water ecological safety.
In this embodiment, the pollutant fingerprint is used to represent a specific index or an index set of environmental medium pollution characteristics.
In the foregoing specific implementation of the fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water pollution, further, as shown in fig. 2, the acquiring of the lake and reservoir water environment information includes:
and acquiring characteristic pollutants in the water environment of the lake reservoir and pollution emission source types and heavy-point pollution sources around the lake reservoir.
In a specific implementation manner of the aforementioned fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution, further, the acquiring characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water environment includes:
and comprehensively utilizing the environmental quality evaluation, the pollution risk evaluation, the detection frequency analysis and the environmental function regionalization analysis to identify and screen out the characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water body.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of comprehensively utilizing the environmental quality evaluation, the pollution risk evaluation, the detection frequency analysis and the environmental function compartmentalization analysis, identifying and screening out the characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water body may include:
a1, evaluating the quality of the lake and reservoir water environment by using a single-factor index method and a comprehensive index method, and identifying an overproof pollution index;
a2, carrying out lake and reservoir water environment pollution risk evaluation by using evaluation methods such as a ground accumulation index, an enrichment factor index, a potential ecological risk index and a health risk evaluation model, and identifying typical pollution indexes with environmental risks;
a3, carrying out statistical analysis on the detection frequency of the identified pollution indexes and risk indexes by using early-stage investigation and historical monitoring data;
a4, screening out characteristic pollutants of the lake and reservoir water body according to the functional division of the lake and reservoir water environment and by combining with the local actual management requirements.
In a specific implementation manner of the fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of the water pollution in the lake and reservoir, further, the acquiring the type and the heavy-point pollution source of the pollution emission source around the lake and reservoir includes:
determining the type of the discharge source with the correlation degree exceeding the correlation degree threshold value with the characteristic pollutants of the water body in the lake and reservoir according to the industrial sewage discharge standard, the historical monitoring data of the pollution source and the results of field investigation and sampling analysis;
screening out the heavy point pollution sources of various characteristic pollutants by an emission load estimation method;
and determining a list of the heavy-point pollution sources of the lake and reservoir water environment by combining the functional regions of the lake and reservoir water environment.
As shown in fig. 3, on the basis of the identification work of the characteristic pollutants in the water body in the lakes and reservoirs, determining the type of a main emission source closely related to the characteristic pollutants in the water body in the lakes and reservoirs according to the industrial sewage emission standard, the historical monitoring data of the pollution source and the results of on-site investigation and sampling analysis; further screening out the heavy point pollution sources of various characteristic pollutants by methods such as emission load estimation and the like; and finally, combining the functional zoning of the water environment in the lakes and reservoirs to provide a list of the heavy-point pollution sources of the water environment in the lakes and reservoirs.
In the foregoing specific implementation of the method for constructing a fingerprint atlas database for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water pollution, further, as shown in fig. 2, the candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint atlas database include: fluorescence index of water quality, heavy metal index, microorganism index and other characteristic pollutant indexes;
wherein, the other characteristic pollutant indexes are lake and reservoir characteristic pollutant indexes except a water quality fluorescence index, a heavy metal index and a microorganism index.
In this embodiment, the water quality fluorescence index includes: refers to the Fluorescence peak in the Fluorescence map, the three-dimensional Fluorescence map, the Fluorescence Index (FI), the Biological Index (BI), the Humification Index (HI); wherein, the Fluorescence Index (FI) refers to the ratio of fluorescence intensity of 470nm to 520nm of emission wavelength or 450nm to 500nm of emission wavelength when the fluorescence excitation wavelength is 370nm, and is dimensionless; the Biological Index (BI) refers to the ratio of fluorescence intensity of 380nm to 430nm of emission wavelength at 310nm of excitation wavelength, and is dimensionless. The Humification Index (HI) is the fluorescence peak area ratio of emission wavelength between 435-480 nm and 300-345 nm when the excitation wavelength is 254nm, and is dimensionless.
In this embodiment, the heavy metal indicator is easily enriched in the lake and reservoir sediment, has relatively stable environmental properties, is a relatively good indicator of the lake and reservoir water environmental characteristics, and generally includes cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co) aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), and the like.
In this embodiment, the tracing of microorganisms mainly refers to tracing potential sources of pollutants such as feces in the water body of lakes and reservoirs by using microorganism indicator bacteria or gene markers thereof. Microbial indicators typically include phage, viruses, host-specific marker bacteria, or environmental DNA macros-codes, among others.
In this embodiment, the other characteristic pollutant indexes are lake and reservoir characteristic pollutant indexes other than the above indexes, and mainly include: eutrophication indicators (e.g., total organic carbon, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, etc.) and organic indicators, wherein the organic indicators are various and are not listed here.
In this embodiment, the total organic carbon is the total amount of carbon contained in the soluble and suspended organic matters in the water. The total phosphorus includes: inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus; after water samples are digested, phosphorus in various forms is converted into the total amount of orthophosphate. The total nitrogen is a general name of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen in water, and comprises the following components: inorganic nitrogen such as ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), and organic nitrogen such as protein, amino acid and organic amine.
In the foregoing specific implementation of the method for constructing a fingerprint spectrum library for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution, further, the index screening principle includes: resolvability, specificity, stability, and sensitivity.
In this embodiment, the resolvability indicates that the concentration or content of the selected index in the lake and reservoir water body and the potential emission source thereof is detectable; specificity means that there is a significant difference in the selected index or combination of indices among different sources of emission of different types or of the same type; stability means that the concentration or content of the selected index remains relatively stable during the migration of the pollutant from the emission source to the lake reservoir; the sensitivity indicates that the selected index can sensitively represent the dynamic change of the water quality in the lakes and reservoirs.
In this embodiment, according to the above-mentioned criteria screening principle (resolvability, specificity, stability, and sensitivity), referring to table 1, a plurality of fingerprint indexes are selected from candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library in combination with different lake and reservoir environments.
TABLE 1 key characteristics of fingerprint indexes and screening references therefor
In this embodiment, the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library is constructed, sampled and analyzed, and the sampling object may further include: a regional background; the sampling analysis mainly comprises the following steps: sampling design, sample collection, testing and quality control; the sampling design is a key link of this embodiment, and as shown in table 2, table 2 mainly includes contents such as a sampling object, sampling times of a single emission source, and a single sampling point.
TABLE 2 lake and reservoir fingerprint spectrum library index monitoring sampling design
The superscripts a, b, c, d in Table 2 are illustrated:
and a refers to the type of the industry for discharging potential sources of the lake and reservoir characteristic pollutants screened by early-stage environmental investigation and the important pollution source thereof. Generally, industrial pollution sources in the electroplating industry, the metal manufacturing industry, the printing and dyeing industry, the textile industry, the chemical industry, the leather processing and manufacturing industry, the non-ferrous metal smelting industry, the battery industry, the paper making industry, the pharmaceutical industry, the petrochemical industry, the oil refining industry and the like are mainly considered.
b comprises a heavy-point discharge source for planting, aquaculture and livestock and poultry breeding; wherein, the planting industry comprises crops such as rice, corn, wheat and the like; aquaculture including fish, shrimp, crab, etc.; the livestock and poultry breeding comprises pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, sheep, horses, donkeys, camels, rabbits, deer, minks and the like.
And c, including urban domestic sewage treatment plants and refuse landfills.
d includes areas of background soil that are not or less affected by human activity.
In this embodiment, according to the specific situation of the environmental management of the lake and the reservoir, the environmental samples of the water body in the lake and the reservoir and the main river thereof are periodically collected as the lake and reservoir samples.
The collection and the test of the sample are carried out according to the sampling standard and the test standard of the state or the industry, the water quality fluorescence index is tested by adopting a three-dimensional fluorescence technology, and the microorganism index is tested by using PCR, qPCR or metagenome sequencing and the like. The whole sampling and testing links need to ensure the normative of operation, and each link needs to have corresponding quality control.
In the embodiment, the selected fingerprint index is analyzed and tested according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples to obtain a fingerprint index value; wherein the fingerprint index value comprises: water quality fingerprint map index values of lakes and reservoirs and emission source pollution fingerprint map index values.
In the embodiment, a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library is determined according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database is constructed according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining basic data and application data of the lake and reservoir; the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database mainly comprises three parts, namely lake and reservoir basic information (lake and reservoir and drainage basin information, drainage basin hydrology and environment monitoring data and drainage basin pollution source information, wherein the drainage basin pollution source information comprises three parts, namely pollution emission source type and heavy-point pollution source information), a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database (water quality fingerprint spectrum index value data and emission source pollution fingerprint spectrum index value data of the lake and reservoir), lake and reservoir application data (monitoring evaluation, prediction early warning, statistical analysis and the like); wherein the basic information is mainly obtained through data exchange with other environment information systems.
In the embodiment, the method for constructing the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database mainly relates to the design of the database, the selection of a database management platform and the application of the database to a data interface; wherein,
the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database comprises various structured monitoring index data and unstructured data such as a fluorescence fingerprint spectrum, so that in the aspect of selection of a management database platform, the database platform meeting the local actual management requirement is adopted in combination with the informatization level of lake and reservoir ecological environment management. Generally, a relational database platform (Oracle, DB2, SQL Server, MySQL, Postgre SQL, etc.) may be considered and a NoSQL non-relational database platform may be combined for comprehensive management.
The constructed lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database can be applied to lake and reservoir environment quality evaluation, pollution risk evaluation, water quality monitoring and early warning, pollutant source tracing and the like. Generally, according to the actual requirements of the lake and reservoir ecological environment management, a corresponding pollution fingerprint spectrum database application module is developed, and generally comprises a lake and reservoir water pollution early warning module, a pollutant source analysis module, a pollution risk evaluation module, a pollutant migration and conversion process simulation and the like. In practical application, the data support of the water quality fingerprint spectrum can be provided for electronic government affair systems such as other ecology, environment, water conservancy and the like through an open data interface.
In conclusion, in the embodiment, the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database is determined according to the fingerprint index value, the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database is constructed according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database by combining the basic data and the application data of the lake and reservoir, and the constructed lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum database is utilized to complete the sewage tracing technology, so that the workload of water pollution tracing can be greatly reduced, and the pollutant tracing can be quickly and timely realized; the method provides necessary scientific and technological support for watershed water environment quality evaluation, risk evaluation, water source protection, total emission reduction, ecological restoration, pollution accident investigation and damage compensation, and has important practical significance for effectively controlling the environmental pollution of lakes and reservoirs and ensuring the ecological safety of water.
Example two
The fingerprint map library construction device for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution corresponds to the specific implementation mode of the fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution, and the fingerprint map library construction device for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution can achieve the purpose of the invention by executing the flow steps in the specific implementation mode of the method, so the explanation in the specific implementation mode of the fingerprint map library construction method for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution is also applicable to the specific implementation mode of the fingerprint map library construction device for tracing the source of the lake and reservoir water body pollution provided by the invention, and the explanation in the following specific implementation mode of the invention is not repeated.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fingerprint spectrum library constructing apparatus for tracing the source of the water pollution in the lakes and reservoirs, including:
the acquisition module 11 is used for acquiring water environment information of lakes and reservoirs;
the screening module 12 is used for selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint atlas database according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information;
the collection module 13 is used for collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
the analysis module 14 is used for analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and the construction module is used for determining the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data.
The fingerprint map library construction device for tracing the water pollution source of the lake and reservoir, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is used for acquiring the water environment information of the lake and reservoir; selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information; collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples; according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index to obtain a fingerprint index value; and determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data. Therefore, when a pollution event occurs, the relevant indexes of the polluted water body are tested, the test result is compared with the constructed fingerprint index values of the pollution emission source type and the heavy pollution source in the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database, and the tracing of the pollution source is quickly and accurately realized through the similarity of single or multiple fingerprint index values of the pollution source, so that the workload of tracing the water pollution source is greatly reduced.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fingerprint map library construction method for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution sources is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring water environment information of lakes and reservoirs;
selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map library according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information;
collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples, analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and determining a lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing a lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data.
2. The method for constructing the fingerprint map library for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the lake and reservoir water environment information comprises:
and acquiring characteristic pollutants in the water environment of the lake reservoir and pollution emission source types and heavy-point pollution sources around the lake reservoir.
3. The method for constructing the fingerprint map library for the tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water environment comprises:
and comprehensively utilizing the environmental quality evaluation, the pollution risk evaluation, the detection frequency analysis and the environmental function regionalization analysis to identify and screen out the characteristic pollutants in the lake and reservoir water body.
4. The fingerprint map library construction method for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the pollution emission source type and the heavy pollution source around the lake and reservoir comprises the following steps:
determining the type of the discharge source with the correlation degree exceeding the correlation degree threshold value with the characteristic pollutants of the water body in the lake and reservoir according to the industrial sewage discharge standard, the historical monitoring data of the pollution source and the results of field investigation and sampling analysis;
screening out the heavy point pollution sources of various characteristic pollutants by an emission load estimation method;
and determining a list of the heavy-point pollution sources of the lake and reservoir water environment by combining the functional regions of the lake and reservoir water environment.
5. The method for constructing the fingerprint spectrum library for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the index screening principle comprises: resolvability, specificity, stability, and sensitivity.
6. The method for constructing the fingerprint spectrum library for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library comprise: fluorescence index of water quality, heavy metal index, microorganism index and other characteristic pollutant indexes;
wherein, the other characteristic pollutant indexes are lake and reservoir characteristic pollutant indexes except a water quality fluorescence index, a heavy metal index and a microorganism index.
7. The method for constructing the fingerprint spectrum library for the tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the lake and reservoir samples are environmental samples of the lake and reservoir water body and river entering the water body;
the pollution sources include: and the water conservancy is connected with lakes and reservoirs to form industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources and living pollution sources.
8. The method for constructing the fingerprint spectrum library for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the lake and reservoir basic data comprises: lake and reservoir and drainage basin information, drainage basin hydrology and environment monitoring data and drainage basin pollution source information, wherein the drainage basin pollution source information comprises: pollution emission source type and heavy point pollution source information;
the lake and reservoir application data comprises: monitoring for one or more of evaluation, predictive warning, statistical analysis.
9. The method for constructing the fingerprint spectrum database for the source tracing of the lake and reservoir water pollution according to claim 1, wherein after the step of constructing the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database, the method further comprises the following steps:
when a pollution event occurs, testing related indexes of the polluted water body, comparing a test result with fingerprint map index values of pollution emission source types and heavy pollution sources in a constructed lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database, and tracing the pollution sources through the similarity of single or multiple fingerprint map index values of the pollution sources, wherein the related indexes are consistent with indexes selected by the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint map database.
10. A fingerprint map library construction device for tracing lake and reservoir water pollution sources is characterized by comprising the following components:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the water environment information of the lakes and reservoirs;
the screening module is used for selecting a plurality of fingerprint indexes from candidate indexes of the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint atlas database according to a preset index screening principle based on the acquired lake and reservoir water environment information;
the collection module is used for collecting lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples;
the analysis module is used for analyzing and testing the selected fingerprint index according to the collected lake and reservoir samples and pollution source samples to obtain a fingerprint index value;
and the construction module is used for determining the lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library according to the obtained fingerprint spectrum index value, and constructing the lake and reservoir pollution fingerprint spectrum database according to the determined lake and reservoir pollutant fingerprint spectrum library by combining the lake and reservoir basic data and the application data.
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