CN112816646A - Grid water quality monitoring-based riverway sewage outlet tracing method - Google Patents

Grid water quality monitoring-based riverway sewage outlet tracing method Download PDF

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CN112816646A
CN112816646A CN202110086664.4A CN202110086664A CN112816646A CN 112816646 A CN112816646 A CN 112816646A CN 202110086664 A CN202110086664 A CN 202110086664A CN 112816646 A CN112816646 A CN 112816646A
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尹海龙
林夷媛
徐祖信
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Abstract

The invention relates to a riverway sewage draining exit tracing method based on gridding water quality monitoring, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a river into a plurality of river sections, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river section, and acquiring monitoring data of each river section; acquiring the discharge water quantity of a sewage discharge outlet of each river reach according to the monitoring data of each river reach, and realizing quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge quantity; and acquiring the river reach with sewage discharge according to the quantitative accounting result, encrypting the gridded water quality monitoring of the river reach with sewage discharge, and gradually reducing the investigation range to realize the tracing of the drain outlet of the river. Compared with the prior art, the method solves the problem of large difficulty in on-site investigation caused by pollutant discharge amount accounting of the sewage discharge outlet, underwater discharge and the like, and provides a relatively convenient and fast source investigation means for the sewage discharge outlet of the river channel.

Description

Grid water quality monitoring-based riverway sewage outlet tracing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of riverway sewage discharge traceability, in particular to a riverway sewage discharge outlet traceability method based on gridding water quality monitoring.
Background
The investigation and the regulation of the drainage outlet of the river channel are the basic work of water environment treatment. At present, although the statistical sewage collection rate in the urbanization areas of China averagely reaches over 90 percent, the average of the statistical sewage collection rate is only 60 percent according to the pollution load collection rate, which indicates that a large amount of pollutants still enter the river channels. The river-entering sewage draining exit is the last 'gate' for the pollutants to enter the river, and the pollutant collecting capacity can be practically improved only by comprehensively knowing the number of the river-entering sewage draining exits and the pollutant discharge amount, so that the water environment quality is promoted to be improved fundamentally.
The condition of the drain outlet of the river is complex, and the current difficulty is the investigation of the underwater drain outlet and the accounting of pollutant discharge amount under the condition that the investigation of the drain outlet above the water surface has obvious effect. Hidden underwater sewage outlets are difficult to identify by means of traditional manual pedestrian investigation, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey and other methods; in recent years, underwater robots, thermal imaging cameras and the like are also used for detection and investigation of concealed sewage outlets, but the problems of complicated operation, difficult implementation at night and the like exist, so that all-weather investigation is difficult to carry out, and quantitative accounting for sewage and pollutant discharge amount cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for tracing the source of a river drain outlet based on gridding water quality monitoring.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a riverway sewage outlet tracing method based on gridding water quality monitoring comprises the following steps:
dividing a river into a plurality of river sections, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river section, and acquiring monitoring data of each river section;
acquiring the discharge water quantity of a sewage discharge outlet of each river reach according to the monitoring data of each river reach, and realizing quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge quantity;
and acquiring the river reach with sewage discharge according to the quantitative accounting result, encrypting the gridded water quality monitoring of the river reach with sewage discharge, and gradually reducing the investigation range to realize the tracing of the drain outlet of the river.
Preferably, the tracing method specifically includes the following steps:
s1: dividing the river into n river reach, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river reach to obtain the pollutant concentration C of each river reach, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
s2: synchronously monitoring the upstream inflow water quantity Q of the riverrAn index concentration of contaminants CrAnd for the river reach with the branch flow afflux, synchronously monitoring the afflux water quantity Q of the river reachTConcentration of contaminants in the side stream CT；
S3: collecting the basic data of the discharge concentration of the pollution source in the coastal catchment area of each river reach, and obtaining the reference value C of the discharge concentration of the pollutant of the potential sewage drain of each river reache；
S4: determining the degradation coefficient K of pollutants in the river;
s5: based on the monitoring data from S1 to S4, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage draining outlet of each river reach is calculatedeRealizing the quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge amount;
s6: for the river reach with sewage discharge, the investigation range is gradually reduced by encrypting grid water quality monitoring, and the tracing of the drain outlet of the river channel is realized.
Preferably, when the branch flows are merged into the 1 st river reach in the step S5, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage draining exit of the 1 st river reach is determinede1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000021
wherein, C1Monitoring the concentration of contaminants, Q, of the cross section for the 1 st river sectionT1For inflow of a branch of the 1 st river section, CT1Influent pollutant concentration of the 1 st river reach branch stream, Ce1Is the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage outlet of the 1 st river reach1The volume of the 1 st river reach, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index.
Preferably, when there is no branch merging in the 1 st river reach in the step S5, the discharge water amount Q of the sewage draining exit of the 1 st river reache1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000022
wherein, C1For 1 st river reach monitoringCross-sectional contaminant concentration, Ce1Is the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage outlet of the 1 st river reach1The volume of the 1 st river reach, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index.
Preferably, when there is no branch merging in the ith river reach in the step S5, the discharge water amount Q of the discharge outlet of the ith river reacheiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000023
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume of the upstream i-1 river reach sewage discharge outlet CiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the volume of the ith river section.
Preferably, when the branch flows are merged into the ith river reach in the step S5, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage draining outlet of the ith river reach is dischargedeiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000031
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume Q of the upstream i-1 river segment sewage discharge outletTiFor inflow of a branch of the ith river section, QT(i-1)The inflow water quantity of the branch of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CTiInfluent pollutant concentration for the ith stream legiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the volume of the ith river section.
Preferably, the monitoring of the amount of water, the concentration of pollutants in S1, S2 is performed on a dry day.
Further preferably, the monitoring frequency of S1 and S2 is 1 time every 4 hours and lasts for 1-2 days.
Preferably, in S2, the tracer dilution method and the water volume-water level method are combined to monitor the upstream water volume and the water volume of the afflux branch.
Preferably, NaCl is selected as the tracer in the tracer dilution method.
Preferably, the degradation coefficient of the contaminant is confirmed by a laboratory test method or a field test method in step S4.
Preferably, in the step S3, the pollution source type of the coastal catchment area of each river reach is obtained, if the pollution source type is a living pollution source, the reference value of the pollutant emission concentration of the potential sewage drain is obtained through monitoring of the living pollution source, and if the pollution source type is an industrial pollution source, the reference value of the pollutant emission concentration of the potential sewage drain is obtained through monitoring of the industrial pollution source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, a river is divided into a plurality of river sections, based on water quality monitoring data of gridding distribution points, a chemical mass balance model is established in combination with segmentation, and the discharge water volume of the sewage discharge outlets of different river section units is quantitatively analyzed, so that the source tracing of the sewage discharge outlets of each river section can be effectively carried out, the water quality of each river section is directly detected, and the condition that the sewage discharge outlets are hidden and difficult to find when the sewage discharge outlets are directly checked manually and by aerial survey is avoided, so that the operation is convenient and fast, the source tracing cost is low, and the implementation effect is good;
(2) the invention carries out gridding water quality monitoring on each river reach, and monitors the upstream water inflow and the afflux branch water amount by combining a tracer dilution method and a water amount-water level method, and can accurately and efficiently acquire the water amount condition of the river based on the method, thereby avoiding the influence on the river and improving the monitoring accuracy and efficiency;
(3) the method for tracing the source of the river drain of the invention obtains the drain discharge water volume of each river reach based on the monitoring data of each river reach, is accurate and convenient in calculation method, provides a relatively convenient and fast method for tracing the source of the river drain, and improves the accuracy of tracing the source of the river drain.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the grid division of the river channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of monitoring the water volume of a cross section by using a tracer dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between water level and water amount in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. Note that the following description of the embodiments is merely a substantial example, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the application or the use thereof, and is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
A riverway sewage outlet tracing method based on gridding water quality monitoring comprises the following steps:
dividing a river into a plurality of river sections, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river section, and acquiring monitoring data of each river section;
acquiring the discharge water quantity of a sewage discharge outlet of each river reach according to the monitoring data of each river reach, and realizing quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge quantity;
and acquiring the river reach with sewage discharge according to the quantitative accounting result, encrypting the gridded water quality monitoring of the river reach with sewage discharge, and gradually reducing the investigation range to realize the tracing of the drain outlet of the river.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the tracing method of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
s1: dividing the river into n river reach, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river reach, and obtaining the pollutant concentration C of each river reach, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
In step S1, referring to fig. 2 of the river channel division form, for each river reach, the pollutant index concentration C of the river reach monitoring cross section is obtained, and the monitoring cross section is kept consistent with the division position of the river reach.
S2: synchronously monitoring the upstream inflow water quantity Q of the riverrAn index concentration of contaminants CrAnd for the river reach with the branch flow afflux, synchronously monitoring the afflux water quantity Q of the river reachTSide stream contaminantsConcentration CT；
In one embodiment of the invention, the monitoring of the water amount and the pollutant concentration in S1 and S2 is carried out on a dry day, wherein the monitoring frequency is 1 time every 4 hours and lasts for 1-2 days.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring of the water volume is performed by a combination of tracer dilution and water volume-level methods.
Specifically, in this embodiment, NaCl is selected as the tracer, a NaCl solution with a known concentration is suddenly injected into a certain section upstream of the monitoring section, and a water sample is continuously collected at the monitoring section for a time greater than or equal to the time when the tracer starts to pass through the monitoring section. And monitoring the conductivity of the water sample, converting the conductivity into a NaCl concentration value, and obtaining a time-dependent change process line of the NaCl on the monitoring section.
And (3) calculating the water quantity of the monitored section according to the NaCl chemical mass balance, wherein the calculation formula is expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000051
in the formula, ECtConductivity when t is t ═ t, EC0The conductivity background value of the river channel is obtained; m is the mass of injected NaCl, CF is the conversion coefficient of conductivity and NaCl concentration, wherein the value of CF can be obtained by checking and reading a NaCl concentration-conductivity value standard curve.
S3: collecting the basic data of the discharge concentration of the pollution source in the coastal catchment area of each river reach, and obtaining the reference value C of the discharge concentration of the pollutant of the potential sewage drain of each river reache；
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the type of the pollution source of the coastal catchment area of each river reach is obtained, and if the type of the pollution source is a living pollution source, a reference value of the pollutant emission concentration of the potential sewage drain is obtained through monitoring the living pollution source, specifically, the reference value of the concentration of the potential sewage drain can be obtained through monitoring and researching the living pollution source under the condition that the living pollution source is in the river reach catchment area; if the type of the pollution source is an industrial pollution source, a pollutant emission concentration reference value of the potential sewage outlet is obtained through industrial pollution source monitoring, and specifically, the concentration reference value of the potential sewage outlet can be obtained through carrying out industrial pollution source monitoring and research aiming at the situation that industrial emission exists in a river reach catchment area.
S4: the degradation coefficient K of the pollutants in the river is measured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the degradation coefficient of the contaminant is confirmed using a laboratory test method or a field test method in step S4.
Specifically, the laboratory assay specifically involves collecting a river water sample, transporting it back to the laboratory under refrigerated conditions, taking the original water sample to test and recording the contaminant concentration L of the water sample before culture0. Culturing a water sample at 20 ℃, and determining the concentration L of the pollutants through different reaction times. And (4) according to the pollutant concentrations measured in laboratories at different times, solving the pollutant degradation coefficient K by using a least square method.
Figure BDA0002910996290000061
In the formula, t is reaction time; when L is t, the pollutant index concentration is obtained; l is0And the index concentration of the pollutants is t-0.
The on-site measurement method specifically comprises the steps of selecting a branch flow near the river, marking a section of river section into which no pollution source is imported along the bank on the branch flow, and measuring the pollutant concentration CA and CB values of two sections of the river section upstream and downstream A, B. And (3) calculating the degradation rate K of the pollutant index according to the concentration monitoring values of the pollutants on the A, B two sections and the time delta t of the water flow passing through the two sections, wherein the calculation formula is expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000062
in the formula, U is the average flow velocity between A, B sections, and the arithmetic average value of the flow velocities of A, B sections is adopted in calculation; Δ x is the distance between two sections of A, B; cA、CBRespectively A, B,And B, pollutant index concentration values of two sections.
The field observation requires at least 2 measurements, and the result is the arithmetic mean of a plurality of K values.
The flow rate of two sections of A, B is measured by the ratio of section water quantity to water flow section area, and the section water quantity monitoring method can also be the combination of tracer dilution and water quantity-water level method.
S5: based on the monitoring data from S1 to S4, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage draining outlet of each river reach is calculatedeAnd the quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge amount is realized.
Specifically, there are two cases of each river reach, namely, the presence of a side stream influx and the absence of a side stream influx, respectively.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge water amount of the sewage drain of each river reach is calculated based on the following calculation method:
when branch flows are converged in the 1 st river reach, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage outlet of the 1 st river reache1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000063
wherein, C1Monitoring the concentration of contaminants, Q, of the cross section for the 1 st river sectionT1For inflow of a branch of the 1 st river section, CT1Influent pollutant concentration of the 1 st river reach branch stream, Ce1Is the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage outlet of the 1 st river reach1The volume of the 1 st river reach is shown, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index;
when no branch flows are converged in 1 river reach, the discharge water quantity Q of a sewage outlet of the 1 st river reache1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000064
wherein, C1Monitoring the concentration of contaminants in the cross section for the 1 st river section, Ce1Is the pollutant discharge of the sewage discharge outlet of the 1 st river reachConcentration, V1The volume of the 1 st river reach, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index.
Further, when no branch flows are converged in the ith river reach, the discharge water quantity Q of a sewage outlet of the ith river reacheiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000071
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume of the upstream i-1 river reach sewage discharge outlet CiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the volume of the ith river section.
When the branch flows are converged in the ith river reach, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage outlet of the ith river reacheiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002910996290000072
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume Q of the upstream i-1 river segment sewage discharge outletTiFor inflow of a branch of the ith river section, QT(i-1)The inflow water quantity of the branch of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CTiInfluent pollutant concentration for the ith stream legiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the volume of the ith river section.
S6: for the river reach with sewage discharge, the investigation range is gradually reduced by encrypting grid water quality monitoring, and the tracing of the drain outlet of the river channel is realized.
When the invention is implemented, the steps are as follows:
s1: for a certain urban river, as shown in fig. 2, the branch is divided into 4 sections according to the afflux situation of the branch, wherein the 3 rd section has the branch afflux. And carrying out water quality monitoring on the river division grid, wherein the monitoring section is consistent with the river reach division position. Synchronously monitoring the upstream inflow water volume and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the river channel; monitoring the water quantity and ammonia nitrogen concentration of the afflux flow at the river reach with the afflux flow; the monitoring frequency was 1 every 4 hours for 1 day.
S2: the water quantity is monitored by combining a tracer dilution method and a water quantity-water level method.
NaCl is selected as a tracer, 5kg of NaCl solution is suddenly injected into a certain section at the upstream of the monitoring section, a water sample is continuously sampled at a fixed interval time of 20s before the NaCl reaches the monitoring section, and the conductivity of the sampled water sample is immediately measured by a conductivity meter for 500 s. The conductivity was converted into a concentration value of NaCl, and the conversion factor CF was taken as 0.47, and a line of change with time of NaCl was obtained for the monitored cross section, as shown in FIG. 3. The calculation of the amount of cross-sectional water is based on the calculation method in S4.
Actual measurement water volume data of a monitoring section is obtained through a tracer dilution method, and a water volume-water level curve is determined according to multiple actual measurement water volume data and synchronous water level monitoring data, and is shown in fig. 4. Converting water level data into water volume data through a water level-water volume curve, averaging multiple monitoring results, converting into daily water volume data, and monitoring to obtain QrIs 2.16 × 105m3·d-1，QT3Is 6.91X 104m3·d-1(ii) a The daily average ammonia nitrogen concentration of the cross section is obtained by adopting weighted average, and C is obtained by monitoringr1.52mg/L, C11.56mg/L, C21.62mg/L, C31.65mg/L, C41.66mg/L, CT3It was 1.62 mg/L.
Calculating V according to the section basic information and water level monitoring data1Is 2.0X 104m3，V2Is 3.0X 104m3，V3Is 2.5 multiplied by 104m3，V4Is 1.6X 104m3。
S3: the river coastline is a residential living area, ammonia nitrogen is used as a water quality characteristic factor for representing the discharge of living pollution, and the reference value of the ammonia nitrogen discharge concentration of the sewage discharge outlet of the 1 st river section and the 2 nd river section is found to be 40mg/L by investigation; the reference value of the ammonia nitrogen discharge concentration of the 3 rd and 4 th river reach drain outlets is 50 mg/L.
S4: the ammonia nitrogen degradation rate is determined by a laboratory measuring method and a field measuring method.
The laboratory determination method specifically comprises collecting river water sample, transporting to laboratory under refrigeration condition, taking original water sample, testing and recording ammonia nitrogen concentration L of water sample before cultureN(0). Culturing water sample at 20 deg.C for 10 days, measuring ammonia nitrogen concentration at the same time every day after culturing, and calculating degradation coefficient K of ammonia nitrogen by least square methodNIs 0.30d-1。
The on-site measurement method specifically comprises the steps of selecting a branch flow near the river, dividing a river section with no pollution source inflowing along the bank on the branch flow, and measuring the ammonia nitrogen concentration C of the upstream section and the downstream section A, B of the river sectionA、CBThe value is obtained. The monitoring results of the ammonia nitrogen degradation rate of 3 times of field measurement methods are respectively 0.29d-1、0.32d-1、0.28d-1。
In conclusion, the ammonia nitrogen degradation rate is taken to be 0.30d-1。
S5: on the basis of obtaining the monitoring data, the pollutant discharge amount calculation method obtains the discharge amount of the sewage outlets of the divided 4 river reach: qe1Is 468.3m3·d-1，Qe2Is 570.5m3·d-1，Qe3Is 490.7m3·d-1，Qe4Is 222.1m3·d-1。
S6: calculating that the pollution discharge phenomenon exists in all 4 river reach, adopting a folding theory, and laying an ammonia nitrogen concentration monitoring point position on the middle section of each river reach, so that the 4 river reach are further subdivided into 8 river reach. Similarly, the discharge water volume of the sewage outlets of the divided 8 river reach is obtained according to the pollutant discharge amount calculation method.
In particular, as for 2 nd river reach, Qe2Is 570.5m3·d-1And the daily average ammonia nitrogen concentration C of the cross section is monitored in the middle of the river reach12Calculated as 1.62mg/L, the sewage discharge of the first half section of the 2 nd river reachWater quantity Qe12Is 528.3m3·d-1The important sewage draining exit can be judged in the first half section of the 2 nd river reach, if the investigation range of the sewage draining exit is further reduced, the first half section of the 2 nd river reach can be divided in a compromise mode continuously, the position of the sewage draining exit is gradually approached, and the source tracing of the sewage draining exit of the river channel is realized.
The above embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments may be implemented in other various manners, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A riverway sewage outlet tracing method based on gridding water quality monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a river into a plurality of river sections, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river section, and acquiring monitoring data of each river section;
acquiring the discharge water quantity of a sewage discharge outlet of each river reach according to the monitoring data of each river reach, and realizing quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge quantity;
and acquiring the river reach with sewage discharge according to the quantitative accounting result, encrypting the gridded water quality monitoring of the river reach with sewage discharge, and gradually reducing the investigation range to realize the tracing of the drain outlet of the river.
2. The method for tracing the source of the drain outlet of the river channel based on the gridding water quality monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dividing the river into n river reach, carrying out gridding water quality monitoring on each river reach to obtain the pollutant concentration C of each river reach, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
s2: synchronously monitoring the upstream inflow water quantity Q of the riverrAn index concentration of contaminants CrAnd for the river reach with the branch flow afflux, synchronously monitoring the afflux water quantity Q of the river reachTConcentration of contaminants in the side stream CT；
S3: collecting the basic data of the discharge concentration of the pollution source in the coastal catchment area of each river reach to obtain each river reachReference value C for pollutant emission concentration of potential sewage draining outlet of river reache；
S4: determining the degradation coefficient K of pollutants in the river;
s5: based on the monitoring data from S1 to S4, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage draining outlet of each river reach is calculatedeRealizing the quantitative accounting of pollutant discharge amount;
s6: for the river reach with sewage discharge, the investigation range is gradually reduced by encrypting grid water quality monitoring, and the tracing of the drain outlet of the river channel is realized.
3. The method for tracing the source of the sewage discharge outlet of the river channel based on the gridding water quality monitoring as claimed in claim 2, wherein when a branch is introduced into the 1 st river reach in the step S5, the discharge water quantity Q of the sewage discharge outlet of the 1 st river reach is dischargede1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002910996280000011
wherein, C1Monitoring the concentration of contaminants, Q, of the cross section for the 1 st river sectionT1For inflow of a branch of the 1 st river section, CT1Influent pollutant concentration of the 1 st river reach branch stream, Ce1Is the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage outlet of the 1 st river reach1The volume of the 1 st river reach, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein when no branch is introduced into the 1 st canal segment in the step S5, the discharge water quantity Q discharged by the 1 st canal segment sewage outlet is measurede1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002910996280000021
wherein, C1Monitoring the concentration of contaminants in the cross section for the 1 st river section, Ce1Is as followsDischarge concentration of pollutant V of sewage discharge outlet of 1 river reach1The volume of the 1 st river reach, and K is the degradation rate of the river pollutant index.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein when no branch is introduced into the ith canal section in step S5, the discharge water quantity Q discharged by the sewer of the ith canal section is measuredeiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002910996280000022
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume of the upstream i-1 river reach sewage discharge outlet CiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the volume of the ith river section.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein when a branch is introduced into the ith canal section in step S5, the discharge water quantity Q discharged from the sewer of the ith canal section is measuredeiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002910996280000023
wherein i ∈ [2, n ]]，Qe(i-1)The discharge water volume Q of the upstream i-1 river segment sewage discharge outletTiFor inflow of a branch of the ith river section, QT(i-1)The inflow water quantity of the branch of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CTiInfluent pollutant concentration for the ith stream legiIs the concentration of pollutants in the section of the ith river section, Ci-1Is the concentration of pollutants in the section of the i-1 th river section at the upstream, CeiIs the pollutant discharge concentration V of the sewage discharge outlet of the ith river reachiIs the ith river sectionThe volume of (a).
7. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tracer dilution method and the water quantity-water level method are combined to monitor the upstream water quantity and the water quantity of the afflux branch in S2.
8. The method for tracing the drain outlet of the river channel based on the gridding water quality monitoring as claimed in claim 7, wherein NaCl is selected as a tracer in the tracer dilution method.
9. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pollution discharge port tracing method based on the gridding water quality monitoring is characterized in that the degradation coefficient of pollutants is confirmed in step S4 by a laboratory measurement method or a field measurement method.
10. The method for tracing the drain outlet of the river channel based on the gridding water quality monitoring as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S3, the pollution source type of the coastal catchment area of each river reach is obtained, if the pollution source type is a living pollution source, the reference value of the pollutant emission concentration of the potential drain outlet is obtained through the monitoring of the living pollution source, and if the pollution source type is an industrial pollution source, the reference value of the pollutant emission concentration of the potential drain outlet is obtained through the monitoring of the industrial pollution source.
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