CN109520983B - DOM-based water quality evaluation method and device - Google Patents
DOM-based water quality evaluation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109520983B CN109520983B CN201811385777.9A CN201811385777A CN109520983B CN 109520983 B CN109520983 B CN 109520983B CN 201811385777 A CN201811385777 A CN 201811385777A CN 109520983 B CN109520983 B CN 109520983B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality evaluation method and a device based on DOM.A computer controls a laser to emit ultraviolet laser to be incident on a water sample to be detected, the water sample to be detected generates a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal, the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal are firstly filtered by an optical filter, then are split by a grating light splitting system, are focused on the surface of a photoelectric detector by an optical lens and are converted into electric signals to be transmitted to the computer for data processing to obtain a spectrum curve, the Raman peak intensity, the fluorescence peak intensity and the background noise spectrum intensity in the spectrum curve are obtained, and the water quality evaluation formula is used for evaluating the water quality of the water sample according to
Calculating D of the water sample to be measuredmThe value is obtained. The DOM content in the water sample to be detected can be quickly evaluated through the spectral curve, the water quality can be measured in real time, the water quality can be known and improved in time, and the method has guiding significance for selecting the water quality; and the device uses miniature semiconductor laser and beam splitting system, and the circuit board highly integrates, has reduced fluorescence spectrometer's device volume greatly for the device is portable, facilitates the use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water quality detection, in particular to a water quality evaluation method and device based on DOM.
Background
Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) is a highly heterogeneous mixture and plays an important role in the process of an ecosystem, degradation products and macromolecular compounds generated by decomposition and biological metabolism of animal and plant remains mostly indicate humic substances, humic acid accounts for the main components of the mixture and can cause great influence on ecological health through the effects of light attenuation, nutrient effectiveness, pollutant migration and the like, and therefore the DOM can be used for reflecting the pollution degree of a water body and is used as an important index in water quality detection.
The traditional method for detecting the DOM concentration is time-consuming to determine, complicated in procedure and incapable of monitoring water quality changing constantly in time, and with the development of the spectrum technology, a large number of fluorescence technologies are applied to water quality detection. Although the chemical structures of the organic matters forming the DOM are complex and the molecular weights of the organic matters cannot be determined, the humic acid contains benzene rings of aromatic compounds and even contains polycyclic aromatic compounds consisting of more than two benzene rings, the structure lays a foundation for determination by a fluorescence analysis method, and in the prior art, a spectrum with an excitation wavelength of 345nm and an emission wavelength of 425nm is obtained according to the characteristic, so that the concentration of the humic acid is determined and is used as a comprehensive index for inspecting the relative content of the organic matters in a water body. Thereafter, many scholars have also determined the relationship between fluorescence and organic matter through studies of organic matter in rivers, oceans and wastewater.
The existing common fluorescence method for detecting the DOM concentration is a three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, which has high precision, but needs a continuous variable-wavelength excitation light source, has long measurement time, large equipment volume, complex structure and complicated operation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a DOM-based water quality evaluation method and a DOM-based water quality evaluation device, which can be used for quickly and timely evaluating the DOM content in water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a DOM-based water quality evaluation method comprises the following steps:
controlling a laser to emit ultraviolet laser to be incident to a water sample to be detected, wherein the water sample to be detected is excited by the ultraviolet laser to generate a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal;
filtering the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal, and then splitting light to obtain the split scattered light signal and the split fluorescence signal;
focusing the dispersed scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal on the surface of a photoelectric detector through an optical lens and converting the scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal into electric signals;
acquiring the scattered electric signal, and performing data processing to obtain a spectrum curve;
obtaining the Raman peak intensity, the fluorescence peak intensity and the background noise spectrum intensity in the spectrum curve, and calculating the D of the water sample to be detected according to a water quality evaluation formulamThe water quality evaluation formula is
Wherein D ismIn the waterContent of soluble organic matter, IRRaman peak intensity, I, representing water including fluorescence backgroundFRepresenting the intensity of the fluorescence peak of water at a certain wavelength position, I0Representing the background noise spectral intensity.
A DOM-based water quality assessment system, the apparatus comprising: computer, laser instrument, light filter, grating beam split system, optical lens and photoelectric detector, computer control the laser instrument transmission ultraviolet laser, ultraviolet laser incides on the water sample that awaits measuring, the water sample that awaits measuring produces scattered light signal and fluorescence signal, scattered light signal with fluorescence signal passes through earlier the light filter, the rethread grating beam split system, the process focus on behind the optical lens photoelectric detector spare on the surface, the signal of telecommunication transmission who produces extremely the computer.
Optionally, the laser is a semiconductor laser.
Optionally, the water sample to be tested is contained in a test bottle, and the test bottle is transparent.
Optionally, the ultraviolet laser light path and the optical axis of the grating light splitting system form an included angle.
Optionally, the photoelectric detector is a CCD or CMOS area array or linear array detector.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention is provided with the semiconductor laser, can excite the dissolved organic matters in the water to generate fluorescence, can quickly judge the water quality condition according to the scattered laser signal and the fluorescence signal generated by the water sample to be detected, has simple and feasible operation process and achieves the effect of quickly evaluating the DOM content in the water in real time. Meanwhile, the micro semiconductor laser and the light splitting system are used, and the circuit board is highly integrated, so that the size of the fluorescence spectrometer device is greatly reduced, and the device is portable and convenient to use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a DOM-based water quality assessment method according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a water quality evaluation schematic diagram of the DOM based water quality evaluation method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural connection diagram of a DOM-based water quality assessment apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a DOM-based water quality evaluation method and a DOM-based water quality evaluation device, which can be used for quickly evaluating the DOM content in a water sample to be tested in real time.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the DOM-based water quality evaluation method provided by this embodiment includes:
step 101: controlling a laser to emit ultraviolet laser to be incident to a water sample to be detected, wherein the water sample to be detected is excited by the ultraviolet laser to generate a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal;
step 102: filtering the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal, and then splitting light to obtain the split scattered light signal and the split fluorescence signal;
step 103: focusing the dispersed scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal on the surface of a photoelectric detector through an optical lens and converting the scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal into electric signals;
step 104: acquiring the electric signal, and performing data processing to obtain a spectrum curve;
step 105: obtaining the Raman peak intensity, the fluorescence peak intensity and the background noise spectrum intensity in the spectrum curve, and calculating the D of the water sample to be detected according to a water quality evaluation formulamThe water quality evaluation formula is
Wherein D ismRepresents the content of soluble organic matter in water, IRRaman peak intensity, I, representing water including fluorescence backgroundFRepresenting the intensity of the fluorescence peak of water at a certain wavelength position, I0Representing the background noise spectral intensity.
The water quality evaluation schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 2, IR-IFApproximate Raman peak intensity with fluorescence background subtracted, IR-I0The ratio of the Raman peak to the total fluorescence intensity for subtracting the background light noise generally varies from 0 to 1, and then multiplied by 100, the water quality evaluation result DmThe range is between 0 and 100, which accords with the habit of people for evaluating the water quality. According to the water quality evaluation result DmThe water quality can be evaluated, and the larger the value, the better the water quality.
The DOM-based water quality evaluation method provided by the embodiment can be used for measuring the water quality in real time, is helpful for timely understanding and improving the water quality, and has guiding significance for selecting the water quality.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the DOM-based water quality evaluation apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: the device comprises a water sample to be tested 1, a test bottle 2, a computer 3, a laser control power supply 4, a laser 5, an optical filter 6, a grating light splitting system 7, an optical lens 8, a photoelectric detector 9 and a data acquisition card 10.
The test bottle 2 is a transparent bottle, so that the test bottle 2 needs to be placed in a test box in order to avoid interference of ambient light, and the laser emitting end of the laser 5 is close to the test box.
Selecting water samples to be detected from five different places, namely ionized water, tap water, seawater, lake water and sewage, respectively taking 8mL of the water samples to be detected, filling the water samples into different test bottles 2, sequentially putting 5 test bottles 2 into a test box, and carrying out DOM content evaluation on the water samples to be detected.
The laser 5 is a semiconductor laser, the output power is only 50mW, and the energy consumption is low. The computer 3 controls the laser control power supply 4 to supply power to the laser 5, the laser 5 emits ultraviolet laser with the wavelength of 405nm, the ultraviolet laser enters the water sample 1 to be detected, and a certain included angle is formed between an ultraviolet laser light path and an optical axis of the grating light splitting system, so that the fluorescence interference of transparent material packaging can be avoided; ultraviolet laser is incident on a water sample 1 to be detected, the water sample 1 to be detected is excited to generate a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal, the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal are filtered through an optical filter 6, then are split through a grating splitting system 7, are processed through an optical lens 8 and then are focused on the surface of a photoelectric detector 9 and are converted into electric signals, the electric signals are collected through a data acquisition card 10, and the electric signals are transmitted to a computer 3 for data processing.
The water sample to be detected is evaluated through labview software, and a spectrum display area in the middle of a software interface can display a spectrum curve of a target to be detected excited by laser. Software according to formula
Calculating D of the water sample to be measuredmA value;
wherein D ismRepresents the content of soluble organic matter in water, IRRaman peak intensity, I, representing water including fluorescence backgroundFRepresenting the intensity of the fluorescence peak of water at a certain wavelength position, I0Representing the background noise spectral intensity, IR-IFApproximate Raman peak intensity with fluorescence background subtracted, IR-I0In order to deduct the Raman peak of the background light noise and the total fluorescence intensity, the ratio result of the Raman peak to the total fluorescence intensity generally changes between 0 and 1, and then is multiplied by 100, so that the evaluation result Dm range of the water sample to be tested is between 0 and 100, the water quality evaluation habit of people is met, and the larger the value is, the better the water quality is.
And a result display area on the right side of the software interface displays the result of the water quality evaluation to be tested, and the evaluation result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 evaluation results of Dm values of five different water samples to be tested
The range of the evaluation result of the water sample to be tested is between 0 and 100, the water quality detection value of the deionized water is the highest and is close to 100, the rest water quality conditions are seawater, tap water and lake water in sequence from high to low, and the water quality of the sewage is the worst and is only 7.26.
The DOM-based water quality evaluation device provided by the embodiment uses the miniature semiconductor laser and the light splitting system, and the circuit board is highly integrated, so that the device volume of the fluorescence spectrometer is greatly reduced, and the DOM-based water quality evaluation device has the advantages of portability, easiness in use and the like, can be used outside laboratory conditions, and lays a foundation for practical application.
The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A DOM-based water quality evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
controlling a laser to emit ultraviolet laser to be incident to a water sample to be detected, wherein the water sample to be detected is excited by the ultraviolet laser to generate a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal;
filtering the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal, and then splitting light to obtain the split scattered light signal and the split fluorescence signal;
focusing the dispersed scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal on the surface of a photoelectric detector through an optical lens and converting the scattered light signal and the dispersed fluorescent signal into electric signals;
acquiring the electric signal, and performing data processing to obtain a spectrum curve;
obtaining the Raman peak intensity, the fluorescence peak intensity and the background noise spectrum intensity in the spectrum curve, and calculating the D of the water sample to be detected according to a water quality evaluation formulamThe water quality evaluation formula is
Wherein D ismRepresents the content of soluble organic matter in water, IRRaman peak intensity, I, representing water including fluorescence backgroundFRepresenting the intensity of the fluorescence peak of water at a certain wavelength position, I0Representing the background noise spectral intensity.
2. A DOM-based water quality assessment device, comprising: the computer controls the laser to emit ultraviolet laser, the ultraviolet laser is incident on a water sample to be detected, the water sample to be detected generates a scattered light signal and a fluorescence signal, the scattered light signal and the fluorescence signal firstly pass through the optical filter, then pass through the grating light splitting system, are focused on the surface of the photoelectric detector after passing through the optical lens, and the generated electric signal is transmitted to the computer;
the computer performs data processing on the electric signal to obtain a spectrum curve;
obtaining the Raman peak intensity, the fluorescence peak intensity and the background noise spectrum intensity in the spectrum curve, and calculating the D of the water sample to be detected according to a water quality evaluation formulamThe water quality evaluation formula is
Wherein D ismRepresents the content of soluble organic matter in water, IRRaman peak intensity, I, representing water including fluorescence backgroundFRepresenting the intensity of the fluorescence peak of water at a certain wavelength position, I0Representing the background noise spectral intensity, IR-IFApproximate Raman peak intensity with fluorescence background subtracted, IR-I0The raman peak and the total fluorescence intensity of the background light noise are subtracted.
3. A DOM-based water quality assessment device according to claim 2, wherein the laser is a semiconductor laser.
4. The DOM-based water quality assessment apparatus of claim 2, wherein the water sample to be tested is contained in a test bottle, and the test bottle is transparent.
5. The DOM-based water quality evaluation device of claim 2, wherein the ultraviolet laser light path and the optical axis of the grating light splitting system form an included angle.
6. A DOM-based water quality assessment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said photodetector is a CCD or CMOS area or linear detector.
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| CN110118760A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of method of Dissolved Organic Matter in quick characterization soil |
| CN110887814B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-08-09 | 哈讯达(威海)光电科技有限公司 | Underwater turbidity detection method based on spectral analysis |
| CN112834470A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 杭州罗盘星科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum signal purification and enhancement method for water quality analysis |
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