CN114320204A - Drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expanding construction of inclined shaft in unfavorable geological section - Google Patents
Drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expanding construction of inclined shaft in unfavorable geological section Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320204A CN114320204A CN202111670020.6A CN202111670020A CN114320204A CN 114320204 A CN114320204 A CN 114320204A CN 202111670020 A CN202111670020 A CN 202111670020A CN 114320204 A CN114320204 A CN 114320204A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of an inclined shaft in a bad geological section, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, determining the drill clamping position of a cutter head; secondly, determining and constructing the positions of the cutter lifting system and the groove backfill auxiliary hole; thirdly, connecting the cutter head with a cutter head lifting system; fourthly, hoisting and lowering the cutter head; and fifthly, backfilling the trench. According to the invention, the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes are arranged in the drainage gallery at the middle layer of the high-pressure pipeline, the drilling points of the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes are uniformly distributed in the area near the drill clamping position of the cutter head, the steel wire rope is pulled through the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes to hoist the cutter head, the cutter head is slowly hoisted away from the groove part, after the cutter head is hoisted away from the groove to a normal operation station in the guide well, the cutter head is lowered to the well opening under the guide well by using the thrust of a raise boring machine, and cement mortar is conveyed into the guide well through the groove backfill auxiliary holes to backfill the groove part, so that the follow-up cutter head is prevented from being clamped again, and the device is convenient to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inclined shaft construction, and particularly relates to a drill jamming treatment method for inclined shaft reverse-pulling hole-expanding construction in a bad geological section.
Background
When a water diversion system of a pumped storage power station is designed and arranged, because the flow state of inclined well water is better than that of a vertical well and the loss is less, the inclined well water is often used as a first choice when selecting rules of the inclined vertical well of a water diversion tunnel, and the inclined well comprises an upper bending section, an inclined straight section and a lower bending section; the inclined shaft construction is also a construction link with higher construction difficulty and more unsafe factors in the whole power station; the inclined shaft construction comprises excavation construction, concrete construction and grouting construction according to the working procedures, and also comprises inclined shaft upper bending section construction, inclined shaft inclined straight section construction and inclined shaft lower bending section construction according to the parts. The inclined shafts are mostly arranged at about 50 degrees and have the characteristics of long length and large diameter. The safe construction of the inclined shaft is the key of the construction of the whole water delivery system, and the construction method of 'pilot shaft excavation and later enlarged excavation' is usually adopted for the inclined shaft at present. The pilot well excavation is divided into two types, one is a raise boring machine drilling pilot well, and the other is a tank climbing method. The climbing irrigation method needs a large amount of personnel to enter a working face to perform operations of drilling, charging, deslagging, dangerous stone treatment and supporting, is threatened by harmful gas, trickling water, falling rocks and the like, and casualty accidents occur at times; the raise boring method has high mechanization degree, high safety, high efficiency, good operation environment and obvious advantages, so the raise boring method is generally adopted. The construction of the raise boring machine method requires forward drilling a small-diameter guide hole, and then reversely pulling and enlarging the guide hole to form a guide well, so that the cutter head is inevitably worn when reversely pulling and enlarging the hole, and when the cutter head is worn or the hob falls off, normal hole enlarging operation cannot be continued, and the cutter head needs to be reversely pushed downwards by the raise boring machine to a lower well mouth for replacement and maintenance. However, in the process of lowering the cutter head, if a bad geological section such as a broken stratum exists at the lower part of the formed guide shaft, the cutter head may be greatly clamped in a groove formed in the bad geological section, so that the cutter head cannot be lowered continuously, the construction is stopped, and the time and economic loss generated by the construction cannot be estimated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and provides a drill clamping treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of an inclined shaft in a bad geological section.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for an inclined shaft at an unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining the position of a cutter head clamping drill;
step two, determining the positions of the cutter head lifting system and the groove backfill auxiliary hole and constructing:
step 201, determining the position of a cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole according to the position of a cutter head clamping drill; the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole is communicated with a drainage gallery in the middle layer of the high-pressure pipeline and the guide well, and comprises a first auxiliary hole, a second auxiliary hole, a third auxiliary hole and a fourth auxiliary hole which are sequentially distributed;
taking the highest point of the intersection of the plane of the lower surface of the cutter head and the inner wall of the guide shaft as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole, and taking a point position which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the first auxiliary hole as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole;
taking the highest point of the intersection of the cross section of the cutter passing through the center point of the cutter and the inner wall of the guide well as a drilling point of a second auxiliary hole, and taking a point position which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the second auxiliary hole as a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole;
taking a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole as a starting point, taking a point which extends upwards for 1.5-2.5 m along the length direction of the pilot shaft as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole, and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the third auxiliary hole as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole;
taking a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole as a starting point, taking a point position which extends upwards for 3.5-5.5 m along the length direction of the pilot shaft as a drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole, and taking a point position which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole as a drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole;
202, arranging a first auxiliary hole, a second auxiliary hole, a third auxiliary hole and a fourth auxiliary hole in the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline according to the position of the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole determined in the step 201;
step 203, drilling a groove backfill auxiliary hole for pouring cement mortar into the groove at the side of the third auxiliary hole, wherein the groove backfill auxiliary hole is communicated with a middle-layer drainage gallery and a guide well of the high-pressure pipeline, and a drilling point of the groove backfill auxiliary hole is positioned at the top of the groove;
204, lowering a first lifting steel wire rope for lifting the cutter head into the pilot shaft through the first auxiliary hole; a second lifting steel wire rope for lifting the cutter head is lowered into the pilot shaft through a second auxiliary hole; a mountain-climbing rope used for people to climb to the position of the cutter head drill clamping position is lowered into the guide shaft through the third auxiliary hole; an auxiliary searchlight, a high-definition camera in the well, a wired telephone line and an air supply pipe are put down into the guide well through a fourth auxiliary hole;
step 205, installing a first hoisting device in the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline, and hoisting a first hoisting steel wire rope upwards along the length direction of the first auxiliary hole; a second hoisting device is arranged in the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline and used for hoisting a second hoisting steel wire rope upwards along the length direction of the second auxiliary hole;
step three, connecting the cutter head and the cutter head lifting system:
constantly observing the stability of the surrounding rock in the guide shaft through an in-well high-definition camera which is lowered in the fourth auxiliary hole, after confirming that the surrounding rock in the guide shaft is stable, climbing personnel to the bottom of the position of a cutter chuck drill through a climbing rope, fixing the bottom end of the first lifting steel wire rope at the bottom of the cutter, and fixing the bottom end of the second lifting steel wire rope on a central rod of the cutter;
step four, hoisting and lowering the cutter head:
evacuating personnel in the guide shaft and at the position of the well opening in the guide shaft; the second lifting steel wire rope is used as a main lifting steel wire rope, and the second lifting steel wire rope is lifted through a second lifting device so as to lift the cutter head; the first lifting steel wire rope is used as an auxiliary lifting steel wire rope, and the first lifting steel wire rope is lifted through the first lifting device so as to change the stress direction of the cutter head; the first hoisting device and the second hoisting device are matched with each other to hoist the cutter head away from the groove; then, the raise boring machine reversely pushes the cutter head to the underground wellhead through the drill rod until the cutter head is lowered to the operation surface of the underground wellhead;
and step five, backfilling the groove.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, the specific steps of determining the drill clamping position of the cutter head are as follows:
step 101, closing an upper wellhead and a lower wellhead operation area of a pilot shaft; stopping the raise boring machine and locking a drill rod and a cutter head of the raise boring machine by using slips;
102, installing a spotlight searchlight at the wellhead of the guide shaft to illuminate in the guide shaft; installing a high-definition camera at the lower well head to perform video imaging on a drilling clamping area of the cutter head;
and 103, measuring and positioning the drill clamping position of the cutter head by using a total station instrument at the position of the pilot shaft downhole hole.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step, before connecting the first lifting steel wire rope and the cutter head, a simple operation platform which is horizontally arranged is required to be installed below the drill clamping position of the cutter head, the simple operation platform comprises a platform main body and a connecting component which is used for connecting the platform main body and the inner wall of the guide shaft, and the platform main body comprises a semicircular steel pipe frame, a semicircular steel bar mesh which is fixedly arranged on the semicircular steel pipe frame and a cross-shaped support frame which is arranged on the inner side of the semicircular steel pipe frame and is used for supporting the semicircular steel bar mesh; the connecting assembly comprises a plurality of connecting units arranged along the arc section of the semicircular steel pipe frame, and each connecting unit comprises a steel sleeve anchored in the inner wall of the guide shaft, a horizontal supporting rod inserted in the steel sleeve and in threaded connection with the steel sleeve, and a plurality of steel mesh connecting pieces which are arranged on the rod sections of the horizontal supporting rods extending out of the inner wall of the guide shaft and are used for connecting semicircular steel bar meshes; before the cutter head is hoisted in the fourth step, the simple operation platform needs to be dismantled.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the simple operation platform comprises the following specific installation steps:
step s1, after climbing to the bottom of the cutter head clamping drill position through a mountain-climbing rope, an operator drills a plurality of anchoring holes on the same horizontal plane in the semicircular range of the inner wall of the pilot shaft by using an electric drill, a steel sleeve is anchored in the anchoring holes, and a horizontal support rod and a steel mesh connecting piece are installed on the steel sleeve;
step s2, a gland at the bottom of the cutter head is opened, the safety rope is hoisted to the well head below the guide shaft through a hollow drill rod lowering platform at the well head above the guide shaft, the safety rope is hoisted to be connected with the platform body at the platform, and the platform body is hoisted to be above the horizontal support rod by lifting the platform hoisting safety rope at the well head above the guide shaft;
and step s3, erecting the platform main body on a plurality of horizontal supporting rods by an operator, attaching the circular arc section of the platform main body to the inner wall of the guide shaft, and connecting the horizontal supporting rods with the platform main body by using steel mesh connecting pieces to complete the installation of the simple operation platform.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the fifth step, the concrete steps of backfilling the groove are as follows:
step 501, a cutter head is dismantled at the position of a well head under a pilot shaft, a drill rod of a raise boring machine is lifted out of the pilot shaft,
502, laying a working platform below the groove;
step 503, inserting a drain pipe in the groove, wherein the drain pipe is vertically arranged with the inner wall of the guide well;
and step 504, conveying cement mortar into the guide shaft through the fourth auxiliary hole, wherein the cement mortar vertically flows into the groove through the fourth auxiliary hole until the groove is backfilled, and smearing the backfilled surface of the groove to be flush with the inner wall of the guide shaft by personnel on the operation platform.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step, when the personnel climb through the mountain-climbing rope, the personnel carry with them an air quality detection instrument, when the air quality in the guide shaft is lower than the minimum threshold value, the personnel in the drainage gallery at the middle layer of the high-pressure pipeline are informed, and the air supply pipe placed through the fourth auxiliary hole supplies high-pressure air into the guide shaft, so that the air quality in the guide shaft is improved.
The drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expansion construction of the inclined shaft at the unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the first hoisting device comprises a chain block and a top anchor for fixing the chain block, the number of the top anchors is two, the bottom of each top anchor is provided with a hoisting ring, the chain block is hung on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline through the two top anchors, and the stretching direction of the chain block is overlapped with the axial direction of the first auxiliary hole; the second lifting device and the first lifting device have the same structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in conclusion, the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes are arranged in the drainage gallery in the middle layer of the high-pressure pipeline, drilling points of the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes are uniformly distributed in the area near the drill clamping position of the cutter head, the steel wire rope is pulled through the cutter head hoisting auxiliary holes to hoist the cutter head, the cutter head is slowly hoisted away from the groove part, after the cutter head is hoisted away from the groove to a normal operation station in the guide shaft, the cutter head is lowered to the lower well opening of the guide shaft by the thrust of a raise boring machine, cement mortar is conveyed into the guide shaft through the groove backfill auxiliary holes to backfill the groove part, the follow-up cutter head is prevented from being clamped again, and the high-pressure pipeline drilling auxiliary holes are convenient to popularize and use.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a construction state diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at a.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at B.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the middle drainage gallery of the inclined shaft and the high-pressure pipeline, the auxiliary hole for lifting the cutter head and the auxiliary hole for backfilling the groove.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a simple operation platform adopted by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal support rod and a steel mesh connecting member in the simple work platform adopted by the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-inclined shaft; 2-leading a well; 3-semicircular steel pipe frames;
4-semicircular reinforcing mesh; 5-a cross support frame; 6-steel sleeve;
7-horizontal support bar; 8-cutter head; 9-a limiting column;
10-a cross positioning buckle; 11-a mounting seat; 12-binding a steel wire rope;
13-a middle drainage gallery of the high-pressure pipeline; 14-a first auxiliary hole;
15-a second auxiliary hole; 16-a third auxiliary well; 17-a fourth auxiliary well;
18-a trench; 19-trench backfill auxiliary holes; 20-a first lifting wire rope;
21-a second lifting wire rope; 22-a first hoisting device; 23-a second hoisting device;
24-a drill rod; 25-hoisting point anchor rod; 26-simple operation platform;
27-a cutter head transition operation slope; 28-chain block; 29-sky Anchor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method for stuck drilling in reverse-pull reaming construction of an inclined shaft in an unfavorable geological section comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the position of a cutter head clamping drill;
step two, determining the positions of the cutter head lifting system and the groove backfill auxiliary hole and constructing:
step 201, determining the position of a cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole according to the position of the cutter head 8 clamped with a drill; the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole is communicated with a middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and the guide well 2, and comprises a first auxiliary hole 14, a second auxiliary hole 15, a third auxiliary hole 16 and a fourth auxiliary hole 17 which are sequentially distributed;
taking the highest point of the intersection of the plane of the lower surface of the cutter head 8 and the inner wall of the guide well 2 as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole 14, and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the first auxiliary hole 14 as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole 14;
taking the highest point of the intersection of the cross section of the cutter head 8 passing through the center point of the cutter head 8 and the inner wall of the guide well 2 as a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole 15, and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the second auxiliary hole 15 as a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole 15;
taking the drilling point of the second auxiliary hole 15 as a starting point, taking a point which extends upwards for 1.5-2.5 m along the length direction of the pilot shaft 2 as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole 16, and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the third auxiliary hole 16 as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole 16;
taking the drilling point of the third auxiliary hole 16 as a starting point, taking a point which extends upwards for 3.5-5.5 m along the length direction of the pilot shaft 2 as the drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole 17, and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole 17 as the drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole 17;
step 202, in the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline, according to the position of the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole determined in the step 201, drilling a first auxiliary hole 14, a second auxiliary hole 15, a third auxiliary hole 16 and a fourth auxiliary hole 17;
step 203, drilling a trench backfill auxiliary hole 19 for pouring cement mortar into the trench 18 beside the third auxiliary hole 16, wherein the trench backfill auxiliary hole 19 is communicated with the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and the guide well 2, and a drilling point of the trench backfill auxiliary hole 19 is positioned at the top of the trench 18;
204, lowering a first lifting steel wire rope 20 for lifting the cutter head 8 into the guide shaft 2 through the first auxiliary hole 14; a second lifting steel wire rope 21 for lifting the cutter head 8 is lowered into the guide shaft 2 through the second auxiliary hole 15; a mountain-climbing rope used for a person to climb to the position of the cutter head 8 where the drill is clamped is placed downwards into the guide shaft 2 through the third auxiliary hole 16; an auxiliary searchlight, an in-well high-definition camera, a wired telephone line and an air supply pipe are placed into the guide well 2 through a fourth auxiliary hole 17;
step 205, installing a first hoisting device 22 in the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline, and hoisting a first hoisting steel wire rope 20 upwards along the length direction of the first auxiliary hole 14; a second hoisting device 23 is arranged in the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline and used for hoisting a second hoisting steel wire rope 21 upwards along the length direction of the second auxiliary hole 15;
step three, connecting the cutter head and the cutter head lifting system:
constantly observing the stability of the surrounding rock in the guide shaft 2 through an in-well high-definition camera which is lowered in the fourth auxiliary hole 17, after confirming that the surrounding rock in the guide shaft 2 is stable, climbing personnel to the bottom of the drill clamping position of the cutter head 8 through a climbing rope, fixing the bottom end of a first lifting steel wire rope 20 at the bottom of the cutter head 8, and fixing the bottom end of a second lifting steel wire rope 21 on a central rod of the cutter head 8;
step four, hoisting and lowering the cutter head:
people in the pilot shaft 2 and at the position of the well opening under the pilot shaft 2 are evacuated; the second lifting steel wire rope 21 is used as a main lifting steel wire rope, and the second lifting steel wire rope 21 is lifted through a second lifting device 23 so as to lift the cutter head 8; the first lifting steel wire rope 20 is used as an auxiliary lifting steel wire rope, and the first lifting steel wire rope 20 is lifted through the first lifting device 22, so that the stress direction of the cutter head 8 is changed; the first hoisting device 22 and the second hoisting device 23 are matched with each other to hoist the cutter head 8 away from the groove 18; then, the raise boring machine reversely pushes the cutter head 8 to the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2 through the drill rod 24 until the cutter head 8 is lowered to the lower wellhead operation surface of the guide shaft 2;
and step five, backfilling the groove.
The pilot shaft 2 is generated in the reverse-pull hole-expanding construction of the inclined shaft 1, the inclination of the pilot shaft 2 is the same as that of the inclined shaft 1, and the diameter of the pilot shaft 2 is smaller than that of the inclined shaft 1.
It should be noted that the inclined shaft 1 and the middle drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline are arranged in a non-coplanar manner, so the auxiliary cutter head lifting hole is an inclined hole, and in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the auxiliary cutter head lifting hole is about 50 °.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the stability of the cutter head 8, the first hoisting device 22 and the second hoisting device 23 cannot be operated simultaneously.
It should be noted that, in the process of lowering the cutter head 8, in order to prevent the steel wire ropes connected to the cutter head 8 from being wound into the cutter head, a rope is fixed to each end of each steel wire rope for pulling the steel wire ropes; the in-process that the blade disc was transferred is according to transferring the footage, constantly transfers wire rope and rope in high-pressure pipeline middle level drainage corridor 13, and blade disc 8 and wire rope are transferred in step, guarantee that wire rope slowly transfers to the well head down along with blade disc 8, avoid wire rope winding on blade disc or drilling rod.
In the embodiment, a cutter head transition operation slope 27 formed by backfilling stone slag is arranged at the position of the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2, so that the cutter head 8 can be conveniently lowered, two groups of four hoisting point anchor rods 25 are arranged at the top of the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2, and the hoisting point anchor rods 25 are arranged at a position 1.0m away from a top arch at the downstream side of the central axis of the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2 and used for pulling the cutter head;
when the cutter head 8 is lowered to a position which is about 5m away from the well edge of the lower well opening of the guide well 2, the cutter head is suspended, two pulling steel wire ropes are suspended and hung at the bottom of the cutter head 8, one pulling steel wire rope is connected to a loading machine, and the other pulling steel wire rope penetrates through a lifting point anchor rod 25 and is connected to a chain block at the well opening of the lower well opening of the guide well 2. And (3) a loader is used for tensioning the steel wire rope towards the downstream side, the force is slowly exerted, and the hand chain block at the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2 is used for tensioning and suspending the cutter head towards the downstream side through the anchor rod hanging ring. And the loader is matched with the chain block, and the cutter head is slowly lowered until the cutter head is completely exposed out of the lower well mouth.
In this embodiment, in the first step, the specific step of determining the drill jamming position of the cutter head 8 is as follows:
step 101, closing the upper wellhead of the pilot shaft 2 and the lower wellhead operation area of the pilot shaft 2; the raise boring machine is stopped and the drill rod 24 and the cutter head 8 of the raise boring machine are locked by slips;
102, installing a spotlight searchlight at the lower wellhead of the guide well 2 to illuminate the guide well 2; a high-definition camera at the lower well head is arranged to perform video imaging on the drill clamping area of the cutter head 8;
and 103, measuring and positioning the drill jamming position of the cutter head 8 by using a total station at the position of the well opening of the guide shaft 2.
Specifically, the total station accurately measures coordinates of a point where a center protective cap is located at the bottom of the cutter head 8, so that the drill jamming position of the cutter head 8 is calculated.
In this embodiment, in the third step, before connecting the first lifting wire rope 20 and the cutterhead 8, a simple operation platform 26 which is horizontally arranged needs to be installed below the drilling clamping position of the cutterhead 8, where the simple operation platform 26 includes a platform main body and a connection assembly for connecting the platform main body and the inner wall of the guide shaft 2, and the platform main body includes a semicircular steel pipe frame 3, a semicircular steel bar net 4 which is fixedly arranged on the semicircular steel pipe frame 3, and a cross support frame 5 which is arranged inside the semicircular steel pipe frame 3 and is used for supporting the semicircular steel bar net 4; the connecting assembly comprises a plurality of connecting units arranged along the arc section of the semicircular steel pipe frame 3, and each connecting unit comprises a steel sleeve 6 anchored in the inner wall of the guide well 2, a horizontal supporting rod 7 inserted in the steel sleeve 6 and in threaded connection with the steel sleeve, and a plurality of steel mesh connecting pieces which are arranged on the rod sections of the horizontal supporting rods 7 extending out of the inner wall of the guide well 2 and are used for connecting the semicircular steel mesh 4; before lifting the cutterhead 8 in the fourth step, the easy-to-work platform 26 needs to be removed.
The semicircular steel pipe frame 3 is bound and connected with the horizontal support rod 7 through a steel wire rope.
In this embodiment, the number of the connection units is not less than six.
In this embodiment, the platform main body is located below the position where the cutter head 8 is stuck with a drill.
It should be noted that the inner wall of the steel sleeve 6 is provided with an internal thread for being in threaded connection with the horizontal support rod 7.
The anchoring holes should be avoided from being drilled in bad geological sections.
It should be noted that, by arranging the platform main body on the inner wall of the guide shaft 2, firstly, the operation area of the stuck drill rescue can be enlarged, so that the rescue operation is more convenient, and secondly, a rest platform can be provided for the personnel climbing the guide shaft 2, so that the fatigue operation is avoided, and the personal safety of the operating personnel can be ensured;
the connecting assembly is arranged to detachably connect the platform main body and the guide well 2, so that the disassembly is quick and convenient, the platform main body can be conveniently recycled after use, and resources are saved;
the horizontal support rod 7 is in threaded connection with the guide well 2 through the steel sleeve 6, so that the whole connection structure is more stable, and the dismounting is convenient;
through set up the fixed semicircular steel bar net 4 of steel mesh connecting piece on horizontal support bar 7, can guarantee the stable connection relation between semicircular steel bar net 4 and the horizontal support bar 7, make the operating personnel apply the power on semicircular steel bar net 4 can transmit to leading well 2 through horizontal support bar 7 to guarantee the stability of semicircular steel bar net 4 structure, excellent in use effect.
In this embodiment, the length of the horizontal support rod 7 extending out of the inner wall of the guide shaft 2 is not less than half of the radius of the semicircular steel pipe frame 3.
In this embodiment, the length of the horizontal support rod 7 extending into the inner wall of the guide well 2 is not less than half of the length of the horizontal support rod 7 extending out of the inner wall of the guide well 2, and an external thread is arranged on a rod section of the horizontal support rod 7 extending into the inner wall of the guide well 2.
In this embodiment, a limiting column 9 penetrating through the mesh hole of the semi-circular steel mesh 4 is disposed at one end of the horizontal support rod 7 away from the inner wall of the guide shaft 2.
In this embodiment, the steel mesh connector includes a cross positioning buckle 10 for clamping the cross of the semicircular steel bar mesh 4, a mounting seat 11 for connecting the cross positioning buckle 10 and the horizontal support rod 7, and a binding steel wire rope 12 for connecting the semicircular steel bar mesh 4 and the horizontal support rod 7, wherein the mounting seat 11 is sleeved on the horizontal support rod 7, and the cross positioning buckle 10 is rotatably connected with the horizontal support rod 7.
In this embodiment, the cross positioning buckle 10 is a steel wire rope cross positioning buckle of the invention patent with an authorization publication number CN 101105025B.
It should be noted that when the semicircular steel pipe frame 3 and the semicircular steel bar mesh 4 need to be removed, the semicircular steel pipe frame 3 and the semicircular steel bar mesh 4 can be integrally lifted and removed by removing the cross positioning buckles 10 and the binding steel wire ropes 12; when the semicircular steel pipe frame 3 and the semicircular steel bar net 4 need to be installed again next time, the new cross positioning buckle 10 and the new binding steel wire rope 12 need to be replaced for safe and reliable connection.
It should be noted that, through the binding of the binding wire ropes 12, the semi-circular steel bar mesh 4 can be prevented from being stressed and tilted, and the personal safety of the operators on the semi-circular steel bar mesh 4 is ensured.
When the steel mesh connecting piece is actually used, firstly, the cross-shaped positioning buckle 10 is sleeved on the horizontal supporting rod 7 through the mounting seat 11, then the horizontal supporting rod 7 is in threaded connection with the steel sleeve 6, the platform main body is hoisted from the well opening of the guide shaft 2, the whole platform main body is placed on the connecting component from top to bottom, the horizontal supporting rod 7 supports the platform main body, and the limiting column 9 penetrates through the semicircular steel mesh 4 net hole to prevent the platform main body from horizontally sliding; and then, the cross positioning buckle is used for preliminarily positioning the position of the platform main body, and then the binding steel wire ropes 12 are used for binding and fixing, so that the whole platform main body is firmly and reliably fixed, and the personal safety of operators on the semicircular steel bar mesh 4 is ensured.
Even if the simple operation platform is used as an overhead temporary rest operation platform, safety protection measures such as a safety rope, a half-length safety belt, a falling stopper and the like need to be worn by an operator all the time, so that the personal safety of the operator is protected in all directions.
In this embodiment, the steps of installing the simple operation platform 26 are as follows:
step s1, after climbing to the bottom of the chuck drill position of the cutter head 8 through a climbing rope, drilling a plurality of anchoring holes on the same horizontal plane in the semicircular range of the inner wall of the guide shaft 2 by using an electric drill, anchoring the steel sleeve 6 in the anchoring holes, and mounting a horizontal support rod 7 and a steel mesh connecting piece on the steel sleeve 6;
step s2, a gland at the bottom of the cutter head 8 is opened, a platform hoisting safety rope is placed at the upper wellhead of the guide shaft 2 through the hollow drill rod 24 and is conveyed to the lower wellhead of the guide shaft 2, the platform hoisting safety rope is connected with the platform main body, and the platform hoisting safety rope is lifted by the upper wellhead of the guide shaft 2 and is hoisted to the position above the horizontal support rod 7;
and step s3, the operator sets the platform main body on the plurality of horizontal supporting rods 7, the circular arc section of the platform main body is attached to the inner wall of the guide shaft 2, and the horizontal supporting rods 7 and the platform main body are connected by using steel mesh connecting pieces to complete the installation of the simple operation platform 26.
It should be noted that, after the simple operation platform 26 is installed, the electric drill is used to polish the protruding and sharp rock walls of the corners at the bottom of the auxiliary hole, and the polished rock walls are polished to arc angles to reduce the friction force of the rock walls at the bottom of the auxiliary hole to the climbing ropes and the steel wire ropes, and reduce the abrasion of the rock at the bottom of the auxiliary hole to the climbing ropes.
In this embodiment, in the fifth step, the concrete steps of backfilling the trench 18 are as follows:
step 501, dismantling the cutter head 8 at the lower wellhead of the pilot shaft 2, and taking the drill rod 24 of the raise boring machine out of the pilot shaft 2;
502, arranging a working platform below the groove 18;
step 503, inserting a drainage pipe in the groove 18, wherein the drainage pipe is vertically arranged with the inner wall of the guide well 2;
and step 504, conveying cement mortar into the pilot shaft 2 through the fourth auxiliary hole 17, wherein the cement mortar vertically flows into the groove 18 through the fourth auxiliary hole 17 until the groove 18 is backfilled, and smearing the backfilled surface of the groove 18 on the operation platform to be flush with the inner wall of the pilot shaft 2.
In this embodiment, the operation platform in step 502 may be the simple operation platform 26, or may be an operation trolley pulled upward by a wire rope in the guide hole from a wellhead below the guide hole 2.
When the operation platform is an operation trolley needing steel wire rope traction, firstly, after the cutter head 8 is removed, a traction rope is connected to the drill rod 24, then the drill rod 24 is lifted out of the guide well 2, the traction rope extends out of the upper well mouth of the guide well 2, the traction rope is separated from the drill rod 24 at the upper well mouth of the guide well 2 and is connected with the operation trolley traction steel wire rope, and personnel at the lower well mouth of the guide well 2 utilizes a winch to recover the traction rope, so that the operation trolley traction steel wire rope is pulled to the lower well mouth of the guide well 2, and the condition that the operation trolley traction steel wire rope is accumulated in the groove 18 when the operation trolley traction steel wire rope is directly lowered is avoided; after the operation trolley traction steel wire rope is dragged to the lower wellhead of the pilot shaft 2, the operation trolley is connected with the operation trolley traction steel wire rope, and a winch at the wellhead on the pilot shaft 2 drives the operation trolley to move upwards along the inner wall of the pilot shaft 2 through the operation trolley traction steel wire rope until the operation trolley reaches the position below the groove 18, so that the subsequent groove 18 backfilling operation is facilitated.
In the embodiment, the cement mortar is M30 mortar, and the early strength agent is added into the mortar to accelerate the mortar solidification.
In this embodiment, in the third step, when the person climbs through the mountain-climbing rope, the person carries the air quality detection instrument with him, and when the air quality in the guide shaft 2 is lower than the minimum threshold value, the person in the middle-layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline is notified, and the high-pressure air is supplied into the guide shaft 2 through the air supply pipe lowered through the fourth auxiliary hole 17, so that the air quality in the guide shaft 2 is improved.
In this embodiment, the operator who climbs the guide shaft 2 must keep close communication with the personnel in the middle drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline on the upper part of the climbing rope, and sends an instruction to the personnel on the upper part at any time according to specific conditions. The communication adopts a wired telephone and an interphone, so that the smoothness of the communication and the definition of sound are ensured.
In this embodiment, the first hoisting device 22 includes a chain block 28 and a chain block 29 for fixing the chain block 28, the number of the chain block 29 is two, the bottom of the chain block 29 is provided with a hoisting ring, the chain block 28 is hung on the inner wall of the middle layer drainage gallery 13 of the high-pressure pipeline through the two chain blocks 29, and the extending direction of the chain block 28 coincides with the axial direction of the first auxiliary hole 14; the second lifting device 23 is identical in structure to the first lifting device 22.
In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the pilot shaft 2 is 55 °.
In this embodiment, the chain block 28 is a 20t chain block.
In this embodiment, each section of drill pipe is 1.5m, the weight of each section of drill pipe is 400kg, the weight of each section of drill pipe is 267kg, and the length of the drill pipe 24 suspended in the guide well 2 is assumed to be 20m, so that the weight of the drill pipe to be considered when the cutter head 8 is lifted is 267 × 20 × 0.5/1000 ═ 2.67t, wherein 0.5 is a coefficient, that is, only half of the total length of the drill pipe 24 suspended in the guide well 2 is considered; the weight of the cutter head 8 is calculated according to 6t, and the weight of the drill rod and the cutter head is 8.67 t; the pulling force along the axial line direction of the guide shaft 2 in the hoisting process of the cutter head 8 is provided by the pulling force of a raise boring machine, the calculation is omitted, the hoisting stress only considers the vertical direction of the axial line of the guide shaft, namely 8.67 cos55 degrees is 4.97t, and the calculation is carried out according to 5t after the upward rounding; friction force exists between the cutter head 8 and the groove 18, and finally the tension force in the direction vertical to the axis of the guide shaft 2 is 5 x 1.2-6 t when the cutter head 8 is lifted; wherein, 1.2 is a coefficient after considering the friction force between the cutter head 8 and the groove 18, and is an engineering empirical value; finally, according to a series of force calculation and engineering experience, the anchoring depth of the sky anchor 29 cannot be less than 3.29 m.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for an inclined shaft at an unfavorable geological section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining the position of a cutter head clamping drill;
step two, determining the positions of the cutter head lifting system and the groove backfill auxiliary hole and constructing:
step 201, determining the position of a cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole according to the position of a cutter head (8) clamped with a drill; the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole is communicated with a middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and the guide well (2), and comprises a first auxiliary hole (14), a second auxiliary hole (15), a third auxiliary hole (16) and a fourth auxiliary hole (17) which are sequentially distributed;
taking the highest point of the intersection of the plane of the lower surface of the cutter head (8) and the inner wall of the guide shaft (2) as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole (14), and taking a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the first auxiliary hole (14) as a drilling point of the first auxiliary hole (14);
the highest point of the intersection of the cross section of the cutter head (8) passing through the center point of the cutter head (8) and the inner wall of the guide well (2) is used as a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole (15), and a point which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the second auxiliary hole (15) is used as a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole (15);
taking a drilling point of the second auxiliary hole (15) as a starting point, taking a point position which extends upwards for 1.5-2.5 m along the length direction of the pilot shaft (2) as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole (16), and taking a point position which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the third auxiliary hole (16) as a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole (16);
taking a drilling point of the third auxiliary hole (16) as a starting point, taking a point position which extends upwards for 3.5-5.5 m along the length direction of the guide shaft (2) as a drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole (17), and taking a point position which is positioned on the inner wall of the middle drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and is closest to the drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole (17) as a drilling point of the fourth auxiliary hole (17);
step 202, arranging a first auxiliary hole (14), a second auxiliary hole (15), a third auxiliary hole (16) and a fourth auxiliary hole (17) in the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline according to the position of the cutter head hoisting auxiliary hole determined in the step 201;
step 203, drilling a trench backfill auxiliary hole (19) for pouring cement mortar into the trench (18) beside the third auxiliary hole (16), wherein the trench backfill auxiliary hole (19) is communicated with the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and the guide well (2), and a drilling point of the trench backfill auxiliary hole (19) is positioned at the top of the trench (18);
204, lowering a first lifting steel wire rope (20) for lifting the cutter head (8) into the guide shaft (2) through the first auxiliary hole (14); a second lifting steel wire rope (21) for lifting the cutter head (8) is lowered into the guide shaft (2) from the second auxiliary hole (15); a climbing rope is lowered into the guide shaft (2) through the third auxiliary hole (16); an auxiliary searchlight, an in-well high-definition camera, a wired telephone line and an air supply pipe are placed into the guide well (2) through a fourth auxiliary hole (17);
step 205, installing a first lifting device (22) in the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline, and lifting a first lifting steel wire rope (20) upwards along the length direction of the first auxiliary hole (14); a second hoisting device (23) is arranged in the middle drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline and used for hoisting a second hoisting steel wire rope (21) upwards along the length direction of the second auxiliary hole (15);
step three, connecting the cutter head and the cutter head lifting system:
constantly observing the stability of the surrounding rock in the guide shaft (2) through a high-definition camera in the well, which is placed downwards in the fourth auxiliary hole (17), after confirming that the surrounding rock in the guide shaft (2) is stable, climbing personnel to the bottom of the drill clamping position of the cutter head (8) through a climbing rope, fixing the bottom end of the first lifting steel wire rope (20) to the bottom of the cutter head (8), and fixing the bottom end of the second lifting steel wire rope (21) to a central rod of the cutter head (8);
step four, hoisting and lowering the cutter head:
people in the guide shaft (2) and at the position of the well opening under the guide shaft (2) are evacuated; the second lifting steel wire rope (21) is taken as a main lifting steel wire rope, and the second lifting steel wire rope (21) is lifted through a second lifting device (23) so as to lift the cutter head (8); the first lifting steel wire rope (20) is used as an auxiliary lifting steel wire rope, and the first lifting steel wire rope (20) is lifted through the first lifting device (22) so as to change the stress direction of the cutter head (8); the first hoisting device (22) and the second hoisting device (23) are matched with each other to hoist the cutter head (8) away from the groove (18); then the raise boring machine reversely pushes the cutter head (8) to the lower wellhead of the guide shaft (2) through a drill rod (24) until the cutter head (8) is lowered to the lower wellhead operation surface of the guide shaft (2);
and step five, backfilling the groove.
2. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, the specific step of determining the drill clamping position of the cutter head (8) is as follows:
step 101, closing an upper wellhead of a pilot shaft (2) and a lower wellhead operation area of the pilot shaft (2); the raise boring machine is stopped and a drill rod (24) and a cutter head (8) of the raise boring machine are locked by slips;
102, installing a spotlight searchlight at the lower wellhead of the guide well (2) to illuminate the guide well (2); a high-definition camera at the lower well head is arranged to perform video imaging on a drilling clamping area of the cutter head (8);
and 103, measuring and positioning the drill clamping position of the cutter head (8) by using a total station at the position of the well opening under the guide shaft (2).
3. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step, before the first lifting steel wire rope (20) and the cutter head (8) are connected, a simple operation platform (26) which is horizontally arranged needs to be installed below the drill clamping position of the cutter head (8), wherein the simple operation platform (26) comprises a platform main body and a connecting assembly which is used for connecting the platform main body and the inner wall of the guide shaft (2), and the platform main body comprises a semicircular steel pipe frame (3), a semicircular steel bar mesh (4) which is fixedly arranged on the semicircular steel pipe frame (3), and a cross support frame (5) which is arranged on the inner side of the semicircular steel pipe frame (3) and is used for supporting the semicircular steel bar mesh (4); the connecting assembly comprises a plurality of connecting units arranged along the arc sections of the semicircular steel pipe frame (3), and each connecting unit comprises a steel sleeve (6) anchored in the inner wall of the guide shaft (2), a horizontal supporting rod (7) inserted in the steel sleeve (6) and in threaded connection with the steel sleeve, and a plurality of steel mesh connecting pieces which are arranged on the rod sections of the horizontal supporting rods (7) extending out of the inner wall of the guide shaft (2) and are used for connecting the semicircular steel mesh (4); before the cutter head (8) is hoisted in the step four, the simple operation platform (26) needs to be detached.
4. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the simple operation platform (26) comprises the following specific installation steps:
step s1, after climbing to the bottom of the drill clamping position of the cutter head (8) through a mountain-climbing rope, an operator drills a plurality of anchoring holes on the same horizontal plane in the semicircular range of the inner wall of the guide shaft (2) through an electric drill, a steel sleeve (6) is anchored in the anchoring holes, and a horizontal support rod (7) and a steel mesh connecting piece are installed on the steel sleeve (6);
step s2, a gland at the bottom of the cutter head (8) is opened, a platform hoisting safety rope is placed at the upper wellhead of the guide shaft (2) through a hollow drill rod (24) and is transferred to the lower wellhead of the guide shaft (2), the platform hoisting safety rope is connected with the platform body, and the platform hoisting safety rope is lifted at the upper wellhead of the guide shaft (2) and is hoisted above the horizontal support rod (7);
step s3, the operator sets up the platform main body on a plurality of horizontal support rods (7), the circular arc section of the platform main body is attached to the inner wall of the guide shaft (2), and the horizontal support rods (7) are connected with the platform main body by using steel mesh connecting pieces, so that the installation of the simple operation platform (26) is completed.
5. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the fifth step, the concrete steps of backfilling the groove (18) are as follows:
step 501, dismantling the cutter head (8) at the lower wellhead of the pilot shaft (2), taking the drill rod (24) of the raise boring machine out of the pilot shaft (2),
502, arranging a working platform below the groove (18);
503, inserting a drainage pipe in the groove (18), wherein the drainage pipe is vertically distributed with the inner wall of the guide well (2);
and step 504, cement mortar is conveyed into the guide shaft (2) through the fourth auxiliary hole (17), the cement mortar vertically flows into the groove (18) through the fourth auxiliary hole (17) until the groove (18) is backfilled, and personnel on the operation platform paint the surface of the backfilled groove (18) to be flush with the inner wall of the guide shaft (2).
6. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step, when climbing through a mountain climbing rope, a person carries with the air quality detection instrument, when the air quality in the guide shaft (2) is lower than the minimum threshold value, the person informs the operator in the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline, and supplies high-pressure air into the guide shaft (2) through the air supply pipe placed down from the fourth auxiliary hole (17), so that the air quality in the guide shaft (2) is improved.
7. The reverse-pulling reaming construction drill jamming treatment method for the deviated well in the unfavorable geological section according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the first hoisting device (22) comprises a chain block (28) and a top anchor (29) used for fixing the chain block (28), the number of the top anchors (29) is two, the bottom of each top anchor (29) is provided with a hoisting ring, the chain block (28) is hung on the inner wall of the middle-layer drainage gallery (13) of the high-pressure pipeline through the two top anchors (29), and the telescopic direction of the chain block (28) is overlapped with the axial direction of the first auxiliary hole (14); the second hoisting device (23) and the first hoisting device (22) have the same structure.
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| CN202111670020.6A CN114320204B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Drill jamming treatment method for reverse-pulling hole expanding construction of inclined shaft in unfavorable geological section |
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