CN113529706A - Anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting hole expanding aperture - Google Patents
Anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting hole expanding aperture Download PDFInfo
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- CN113529706A CN113529706A CN202110887429.7A CN202110887429A CN113529706A CN 113529706 A CN113529706 A CN 113529706A CN 202110887429 A CN202110887429 A CN 202110887429A CN 113529706 A CN113529706 A CN 113529706A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/003—Injection of material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation and foundation engineering, and discloses an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a hole enlarging aperture. The method comprises the following steps: 1) measuring and determining the hole position of the anchor cable, marking a striking mark, and installing a drilling machine by contrasting the mark; 2) drilling to form a hole after the drill machine positions and adjusts the angle, and completely removing rock powder and water in the hole out of the hole by using high-pressure air; 3) replacing the reaming bit, adding water for reaming, and injecting water for washing the hole for two to three times after reaming; 4) after hole washing is finished, penetrating out a cable of the ultrasonic aperture probe through a drill rod to be connected with background measurement and reading equipment, detecting the aperture of the expanded hole in real time by means of ultrasonic, and synchronously repairing and washing the hole; 5) after the hole is washed, cement paste is injected into the hole through the grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is pulled out while grouting, and the anchor rod (cable) body is placed in time after the cement paste in the hole is filled; 6) and manufacturing an anchor head pedestal to stretch the anchor rod (anchor cable). Simple process, convenient and efficient construction and controllable quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation and foundation engineering, in particular to an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a hole expanding aperture.
Background
The anchor rod (cable) with the enlarged head has higher bearing capacity, smaller deformation and high reliability, and has greater advantages compared with the traditional anchor rod (cable), so the anchor rod (cable) with the enlarged head is widely applied to foundation pit support. The idea of the expanded head anchor rod (cable) technology is from an expanded head pile, firstly, a common drill rod is used for drilling, after the designed depth is reached, the end part of the drill rod is changed into a hole expanding drill bit, and a hole expanding blade is gradually expanded under the action of pressure to form hole expansion.
The construction of mechanical reaming and expanding anchor rods (cables) often solves the problem that the diameter and the length of a reaming section are difficult to detect, and the reaming quality is not easy to ensure so as to influence the anchoring force. However, the diameter and length of the expanded hole section are usually measured directly only by excavation after the completion of the bolt (cable) test, but this method cannot be applied to the detection of the expanded hole section in the anchoring work because it would destroy the bolt (cable). Therefore, in the actual anchoring engineering, the body expanding effect can only be roughly estimated according to construction parameters such as grouting amount and the like and relevant experience, so that the detection accuracy of the hole expanding aperture is poor, and the accurate construction of the anchoring engineering is influenced.
Therefore, an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a hole expanding aperture, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the hole expanding effect can only be roughly estimated according to construction parameters such as grouting amount and the like according to related experience in the existing anchoring engineering, so that the hole expanding aperture detection accuracy is poor, and the accurate construction of the anchoring engineering is influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture comprises the following construction steps:
1) measuring and positioning, determining anchor cable hole positions according to designed anchor rod (cable) elevation and plane positions, marking striking marks, installing a drilling machine to be in place by contrasting the marks, aligning a drill rod of the drilling machine to the hole positions, adjusting the angle, and enabling a machine leg to be located on the flat ground for stabilization;
2) after the drilling machine positions and adjusts the angle of the drill rod, the drilling machine is started to drill a hole, a common drill bit at the lower end of the drill rod is used for drilling the hole to the reaming starting point, the drilling machine extracts the drill rod from the interior of the drill rod after completing drilling of the positioning hole channel of the conventional section, and high-pressure air is used for removing all rock powder and water in the hole out of the hole;
3) after hole forming and hole blowing of the drilling machine are finished, replacing a hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the drill rod and placing the hole expanding drill bit in the positioning hole channel again for hole expanding, after hole expanding is finished, placing the hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the hole, adding water until the hole opening overflows, then adding gas for cleaning, slowly lifting the hole expanding drill bit in the gas filling cleaning process, repeatedly lifting and feeding the drill bit into the hole bottom for two to three times, and after hole cleaning is finished once, injecting water and cleaning the hole for two to three times;
4) after hole cleaning is finished, lifting the hole-expanding drill bit to a hole-expanding starting point, then extending a cable of an ultrasonic aperture probe on the hole-expanding drill bit out through a drill rod to be connected with background reading equipment, installing a lead slip ring type rotary joint between the cable and the background reading equipment for connection, then carrying out real-time pore diameter detection on hole expansion by means of the ultrasonic aperture probe, and synchronously carrying out hole repairing and hole cleaning;
5) after hole washing is finished, injecting cement slurry into the hole through the grouting pipe, stopping grouting when the grout overflows from the orifice of the grouting pipe, pulling out the grouting pipe while grouting, placing an anchor rod (cable) rod body in time after the cement slurry in the hole is filled, and placing the anchor rod (cable) rod body along the angle in the hole in the placing process to finish the construction of the anchor rod (cable);
6) and manufacturing an anchor head pedestal, tensioning an anchor rod (an anchor cable) after the strength of the anchoring body reaches the design strength, completing tensioning and locking of the anchor rod, and moving to the next pile root rod (cable) according to the operation steps for construction.
Further, in the construction step 2), the ordinary drill bit is required to observe the soil condition of the stratum during the drilling and pore-forming construction process, recheck the difference between the soil condition and a geological survey report, find abnormality or stop drilling when drilling is carried out, find out the reason and process the reason and then continue to drill and form pores; for areas with complex geological conditions (high groundwater level and thick sand layers), a steel sleeve can be used in the drilling process, or the specific gravity of the wall protection slurry is adjusted to prevent the hole wall from collapsing.
Further, the reaming detection step in the construction step 4) is as follows:
1) after the cable is tightened, clicking an 'actually measured hole depth' button by operating a measuring and reading device to determine the hole depth at the reaming starting point, then loosening the cable and opening an ultrasonic aperture probe switch, slowly pushing a reaming drill bit to the bottom of a hole, and observing whether the display value of an aperture observation window on a computer interface is smaller than a design aperture value or not in the process;
2) after the reaming bit reaches the bottom of the hole and the cable is tightened again, clicking an 'actual measurement hole depth' button by operating a measuring and reading device to determine the hole depth at the reaming end point, so that the reaming length is obtained;
3) and if the length and the diameter of the reaming section are not satisfied, continuing reaming until the design requirements are satisfied, and washing the hole.
Further, the aperture measured by the ultrasonic aperture probe is mainly judged according to the measurement result by an acoustic parameter calculation method, and the specific value of the aperture of each measuring point on the depth of the pile hole is obtained by calculation according to the acoustic parameter value obtained by measurement, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
assuming that the distance l between the center of the probe and the wall of the hole in four directions at the depth of a certain position of the hole is measured1、l2、l3And l4Value O is the center point of the pile hole, O1The point is the center point of the probe;
when l is1≥l2，l3≥l4The method comprises the following steps:
in the formula：l1-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction i to the borehole wall;
l2the horizontal distance from the direction II of the transducer of the probe to the hole wall;
l3-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction iii to the bore wall;
l4-horizontal distance of the probe transducer direction iv to the borehole wall;
d is the average diameter of the pores.
When l is2≥l1、l4≥l3Or in other cases, the average value of the pore diameter can be obtained as in the above method. When the computer performs data processing, the program will be executed with l1、l2、l3And l4The size of the aperture is judged, and the aperture average value D can be obtained by adopting a corresponding formula.
Further, the bottom of drilling rod is provided with the upper portion drill bit in construction step 1), be close to bottom department symmetry respectively on the both sides outer wall of upper portion drill bit and be provided with link mechanism, link mechanism's bottom swing joint is respectively on the both sides outer wall of lower part drill bit, evenly be provided with the dogtooth on link mechanism's the outer wall respectively, and lower part drill bit top fixedly connected with reset spring, reset spring's upper end sets up in the bottom of upper portion drill bit, install ultrasonic aperture probe on the lower part drill bit, the one end of ultrasonic aperture probe fixed connection cable, the other end of cable extends to the inside of drilling rod, its end extends out electric connection wire slip ring formula rotary joint from one side outer wall of drilling rod, wire slip ring formula rotary joint is connected with surveying reading equipment.
Furthermore, the drill rod is of a continuous hollow sectional structure, the inner wall of each section of the drill rod is provided with a movable positioning support respectively, and the movable positioning supports are used for clamping and limiting cables inside the drill rod.
Furthermore, the inner walls of the two sides of the ultrasonic aperture probe are symmetrically provided with transmitting ends near the top, the inner walls of the two sides of the ultrasonic aperture probe are symmetrically provided with receiving ends near the bottom, the receiving ends are respectively arranged corresponding to the transmitting ends, the transmitting ends and the receiving ends are respectively used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves of the probe, and the ends of the transmitting ends and the receiving ends extend to the outside of the shell.
Furthermore, water adding and hole expanding are adopted in hole expanding in the construction step 3), hole expanding speed is controlled in the hole expanding process, hole expanding can not be performed forcibly, abnormal or stuck holes are found in the hole expanding process, hole expanding is stopped, and drilling and hole forming are performed continuously after reasons are found and processed.
Further, wire slip ring formula rotary joint includes that one end extends to the inside main part of survey reading equipment, is provided with the spacing ring on the outer wall of main part, and the setting of survey reading equipment outer wall is surveyed in the spacing ring laminating, and is provided with the stator on the main part is close to the one end outer wall of surveying reading equipment, and the stator passes through the wire and surveys reading equipment electric connection, is provided with the rotor shaft on its other end outer wall, and the inner chamber of rotor shaft is provided with the rotor, and the rotor is connected through the wire and the one end that the supersound aperture probe was kept away from to the cable.
According to the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture, the ultrasonic aperture probe is installed at the traditional mechanical hole expanding anchor rod (cable) drill bit hole expanding mechanism, the probe is fixed after the middle of the drill rod is partially hollowed, meanwhile, the transmitting end and the receiving end inside the ultrasonic aperture probe are exposed, the cable penetrates out through the drill rod and is connected to a background measuring and reading device, the diameter and the length of a hole expanding section are accurately detected in real time by using an ultrasonic principle, hole expanding construction is timely adjusted according to a detection result, hole expanding quality is guaranteed, accurate construction and fixation of the anchor rod (cable) are achieved, the process is simple, construction is convenient and efficient, quality is controllable, and the effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a hole enlarging aperture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the hole diameter detection of the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole diameter of the enlarged hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a link mechanism retraction state structure of a drilling machine for an anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a hole enlarging aperture according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a link mechanism of a drilling machine in an expanded state according to the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole diameter of a hole;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole enlarging aperture shown in FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hole diameter detection of the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole diameter of the enlarged hole according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a lead slip ring type rotary joint structure of the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole enlarging aperture of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a drill stem; 2. an upper drill bit; 3. a link mechanism; 4. a lower drill bit; 5. a convex tooth; 6. A return spring; 7. an ultrasonic aperture probe; 71. a transmitting end; 72. a receiving end; 8. a cable; 9. a wire slip ring rotary joint; 91. a main body; 92. a limiting ring; 93. a stator; 94. a rotor shaft; 95. a rotor; 10. a measurement and reading device; 11. a movable positioning bracket.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole diameter of the enlarged hole includes the following construction steps:
1) measuring and positioning, determining anchor cable hole positions according to designed anchor rod (cable) elevation and plane positions, marking striking marks, installing a drilling machine to be in place by contrasting the marks, aligning a drill rod 1 of the drilling machine to the hole positions, adjusting the angle, and enabling machine legs to be located on the flat ground for stabilization;
2) after the drilling machine positions and adjusts the angle of the drill rod 1, the drilling machine is started to drill a hole, a common drill bit at the lower end of the drill rod 1 is used for forming the hole to the reaming starting point, the drilling machine extracts the drill rod 1 from the interior of the drill rod after completing drilling of a positioning hole channel of a conventional section, and high-pressure air is used for removing rock powder and water in the hole out of the hole;
3) after hole forming and hole blowing of the drilling machine are finished, replacing a hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the drill rod 1, placing the hole expanding drill bit in a positioning hole channel again for expanding holes, after hole expanding is finished, placing the hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the hole, adding water until a hole opening overflows, then adding gas for cleaning, slowly lifting the hole expanding drill bit in the gas filling cleaning process, repeatedly lifting and feeding the drill bit into the hole bottom for two to three times, and after hole cleaning is finished once, injecting water and cleaning the holes for two to three times;
4) after hole cleaning is finished, lifting the hole-expanding drill bit to a hole-expanding starting point, then extending a cable 8 of an ultrasonic aperture probe 7 on the hole-expanding drill bit out through a drill rod 1 to be connected with a background reading and measuring device 10, installing a lead slip ring type rotary joint 9 between the cable 8 and the background reading and measuring device 10 for connection, then carrying out real-time detection on the aperture of the hole-expanding drill bit by means of the ultrasonic aperture probe 7, and synchronously carrying out hole repairing and hole cleaning;
5) after hole washing is finished, injecting cement slurry into the hole through the grouting pipe, stopping grouting when the grout overflows from the orifice of the grouting pipe, pulling out the grouting pipe while grouting, placing an anchor rod (cable) rod body in time after the cement slurry in the hole is filled, and placing the anchor rod (cable) rod body along the angle in the hole in the placing process to finish the construction of the anchor rod (cable);
6) and manufacturing an anchor head pedestal, tensioning an anchor rod (an anchor cable) after the strength of the anchoring body reaches the design strength, completing tensioning and locking of the anchor rod, and moving to the next pile root rod (cable) according to the operation steps for construction.
In the construction step 2), the common drill bit is required to observe the soil condition of the stratum during the drilling and pore-forming construction process, recheck the difference between the soil condition and a geological survey report, find abnormality or stop drilling when the drill bit is stuck during the drilling process, find out the reason and process the reason and then continue to drill and form pores; for a region with complex geological conditions (the conditions of high underground water level and thick sand layer), a steel sleeve can be used in the drilling process, or the specific gravity of wall protection slurry is adjusted to prevent the wall of a hole from collapsing; and (3) reaming by adding water in the reaming process in the construction step 3), controlling the reaming speed in the reaming process, not forcibly reaming, finding out abnormality or sticking the drill in the reaming process, stopping reaming, finding out reasons and processing, and then continuing drilling to form holes.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the reaming detection step in the construction step 4) is as follows:
1) after the cable 8 is tightened, the 'actually measured hole depth' button is clicked by operating the measuring and reading equipment 10 to determine the hole depth at the reaming starting point, then the cable 8 is loosened, the switch of the ultrasonic aperture probe 7 is opened, the reaming drill bit is pushed to the bottom of the hole at a low speed, and whether the display value of an aperture observation window on the computer interface is smaller than the designed aperture value or not is observed in the process;
2) after the reaming bit reaches the bottom of the hole and the cable 8 is tightened again, the 'actually measured hole depth' button is clicked by operating the measuring and reading equipment 10 to determine the hole depth at the reaming end point, so that the reaming length is obtained;
3) and if the length and the diameter of the reaming section are not satisfied, continuing reaming until the design requirements are satisfied, and washing the hole.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6, the ultrasonic aperture probe 7 mainly determines the measurement result by an acoustic parameter calculation method, and obtains a specific value of the aperture of each measurement point on the pile hole depth by calculation using the measured acoustic parameter values, where the calculation method is as follows:
assuming that the distance l between the center of the probe and the wall of the hole in four directions at the depth of a certain position of the hole is measured1、l2、l3And l4Value O is the center point of the pile hole, O1The point is the center point of the probe;
when l is1≥l2，l3≥l4The method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: l1-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction i to the borehole wall;
l2the horizontal distance from the direction II of the transducer of the probe to the hole wall;
l3-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction iii to the bore wall;
l4-horizontal distance of the probe transducer direction iv to the borehole wall;
d is the average diameter of the pores.
When l is2≥l1、l4≥l3Or in other cases, the average value of the pore diameter can be obtained as in the above method. When the computer performs data processing, the program will be executed with l1、l2、l3And l4The size of the aperture is judged, and the aperture average value D can be obtained by adopting a corresponding formula.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, in the construction step 1), an upper drill bit 2 is arranged at the bottom of a drill rod 1, link mechanisms 3 are symmetrically arranged on outer walls of two sides of the upper drill bit 2 near the bottom, bottom ends of the link mechanisms 3 are movably connected to outer walls of two sides of a lower drill bit 4 respectively, convex teeth 5 are uniformly arranged on the outer walls of the link mechanisms 3 respectively, a return spring 6 is fixedly connected to the top end of the lower drill bit 4, the upper end of the return spring 6 is arranged at the bottom of the upper drill bit 2, an ultrasonic aperture probe 7 is arranged on the lower drill bit 4, the ultrasonic aperture probe 7 is fixedly connected to one end of a cable 8, the other end of the cable 8 extends into the drill rod 1, the tail end of the cable extends out of the outer wall of one side of the drill rod 1 to electrically connect with a wire slip ring type rotary joint 9, and the wire slip ring type rotary joint 9 is connected with a measuring and reading device 10; the drill rod 1 is of a continuous hollow sectional structure, each section of the drill rod 1 is provided with a movable positioning support 11 on the inner wall thereof, the movable positioning supports 11 are used for clamping the cable 8 inside the limiting drill rod 1, the movable positioning supports 11 prevent the cable 8 from sliding into the hole bottom from the middle of the drill rod 1 in the construction process, and meanwhile, the cable 8 can conveniently penetrate through the drill rod 1.
The department is close to the top symmetry respectively and is provided with transmitting terminal 71 on the both sides inner wall of supersound aperture probe 7, it installs the receiving terminal 72 to be close to bottom department symmetry respectively on its both sides inner wall, receiving terminal 72 corresponds transmitting terminal 71 setting respectively, and transmitting terminal 71 and receiving terminal 72 are used for the transmission and the receipt of probe ultrasonic wave respectively, and transmitting terminal 71 all extends to its casing outside with receiving terminal 72 end, utilize real-time accurate diameter and the length of surveying the reaming section of ultrasonic wave principle, and in time adjust the reaming construction according to the probing result, thereby guarantee the reaming quality, it is fixed to realize the accurate construction of stock (cable), simple process, construction convenience is high-efficient, the quality is controllable, and is good in effect.
Please refer to fig. 3 and 7, the wire slip ring rotary joint 9 includes a main body 91 with one end extending to the inside of the measurement and reading device 10, a limit ring 92 is disposed on the outer wall of the main body 91, the limit ring 92 is attached to the outer wall of the measurement and reading device 10, and a stator 93 is disposed on the outer wall of one end of the main body 91 close to the measurement and reading device 10, the stator 93 is electrically connected to the measurement and reading device 10 through a wire, a rotor shaft 94 is disposed on the outer wall of the other end of the stator shaft 94, an inner cavity of the rotor shaft 94 is provided with a rotor 95, the rotor 95 is connected to one end of the cable 8 far away from the ultrasonic aperture probe 7 through a wire, the rotor 95 is rotatable, the stator 93 is fixed, the problem that the cable 8 cannot be knotted due to the rotation of the rotor is solved, and the wire slip ring type rotary joint is convenient and practical.
The working principle is as follows: install supersound aperture probe 7 at traditional machinery reaming stock (cable) drill bit reaming mechanism position, it is fixed with the probe after undercutting the drill rod 1 local centre, make the inside transmission end 71 and the end 72 of receiving of supersound aperture probe 7 expose simultaneously, and wear out cable 8 through drill rod 1, be connected to backstage survey reading equipment 10, link mechanism 3 on the drill rod 1 lateral wall is packed up until reaming starting point department, control link mechanism 3 and outwards turn over to strut, protruding tooth 5 on the link mechanism 3 outer wall rotates the reaming when drill rod 1 rotates, diameter and length of the real-time accurate detection reaming section of supersound aperture probe 7 during reaming, survey reading equipment 10 and carry out accurate calculation, and in time adjust the reaming construction according to the detection result, thereby guarantee the reaming quality, realize that the accurate construction of stock (cable) is fixed, simple process, construction convenience is high-efficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture, the ultrasonic aperture probe is installed at the traditional mechanical hole expanding anchor rod (cable) drill bit hole expanding mechanism, the probe is fixed after the middle of the drill rod is partially hollowed, meanwhile, the transmitting end and the receiving end inside the ultrasonic aperture probe are exposed, the cable penetrates out through the drill rod and is connected to a background measuring and reading device, the diameter and the length of a hole expanding section are accurately detected in real time by using an ultrasonic principle, hole expanding construction is timely adjusted according to a detection result, hole expanding quality is guaranteed, accurate construction and fixation of the anchor rod (cable) are achieved, the process is simple, construction is convenient and efficient, quality is controllable, and the effect is good.
2. The anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture provided by the invention is characterized in that a wire sliding ring type rotary joint is arranged between a cable and background measuring and reading equipment for connection, one end of a main body of the anchor cable is extended into the measuring and reading equipment, a limiting ring is arranged on the outer wall of the main body and is attached to the outer wall of the measuring and reading equipment, a stator is arranged on the outer wall of one end, close to the measuring and reading equipment, of the main body, the stator is electrically connected with the measuring and reading equipment through a wire, a rotor shaft is arranged on the outer wall of the other end of the main body, a rotor is arranged in an inner cavity of the rotor shaft, the rotor is connected with one end, far away from an ultrasonic aperture probe, of the cable through the wire, the rotor can rotate, the stator is fixed, the problem that the cable is not knotted due to the following rotation is solved, and the anchor cable construction method is convenient and practical.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting the hole expanding aperture is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
1) measuring and positioning, determining anchor cable hole positions according to designed anchor rod (cable) elevation and plane positions, marking striking marks, installing a drilling machine to be in place by contrasting the marks, aligning a drill rod (1) of the drilling machine to the hole positions, adjusting the angle, and enabling machine legs to be located on the flat ground for stabilization;
2) after the drilling machine positions and adjusts the angle of the drill rod (1), the drilling machine is started to drill and form a hole, a common drill bit at the lower end of the drill rod (1) is used for forming the hole to a reaming starting point, the drilling machine extracts the drill rod (1) from the interior of the drilling machine after completing drilling of a positioning hole channel of a conventional section, and high-pressure air is used for removing rock powder and water in the hole out of the hole;
3) after hole forming and hole blowing of the drilling machine are finished, replacing a hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the drill rod (1) and placing the hole expanding drill bit in the positioning hole channel again for expanding holes, after hole expanding is finished, placing the hole expanding drill bit at the bottom of the hole, adding water until the hole opening overflows, then adding gas for cleaning, slowly lifting the hole expanding drill bit in the gas filling cleaning process, repeatedly lifting and feeding the drill bit into the bottom of the hole for two to three times, and after hole cleaning is finished once, injecting water and cleaning the hole for two to three times;
4) after hole cleaning is finished, lifting the hole-expanding drill bit to a hole-expanding starting point, then extending a cable (8) of an ultrasonic aperture probe (7) on the hole-expanding drill bit out through a drill rod (1) to be connected with a background reading device (10), installing a lead slip ring type rotary joint (9) between the cable (8) and the background reading device (10) for connection, then carrying out real-time detection on the aperture of the expanded hole by means of the ultrasonic aperture probe (7), and synchronously repairing and cleaning the hole;
5) after hole washing is finished, injecting cement slurry into the hole through the grouting pipe, stopping grouting when the grout overflows from the orifice of the grouting pipe, pulling out the grouting pipe while grouting, placing an anchor rod (cable) rod body in time after the cement slurry in the hole is filled, and placing the anchor rod (cable) rod body along the angle in the hole in the placing process to finish the construction of the anchor rod (cable);
6) and manufacturing an anchor head pedestal, tensioning an anchor rod (an anchor cable) after the strength of the anchoring body reaches the design strength, completing tensioning and locking of the anchor rod, and moving to the next pile root rod (cable) according to the operation steps for construction.
2. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 1, comprising: in the construction step 2), the common drill bit is required to observe the soil condition of the stratum during the drilling and pore-forming construction process, recheck the difference between the soil condition and a geological survey report, find abnormality or stop drilling when the drill bit is stuck during the drilling process, find out the reason and process the reason and then continue to drill and form pores; for areas with complex geological conditions (high groundwater level and thick sand layers), a steel sleeve can be used in the drilling process, or the specific gravity of the wall protection slurry is adjusted to prevent the hole wall from collapsing.
3. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 1, comprising: the reaming detection step in the construction step 4) is as follows:
1) after the cable (8) is tightened, clicking an 'actually measured hole depth' button by operating a measuring and reading device (10), determining the hole depth at the reaming starting point, then loosening the cable (8), opening a switch of an ultrasonic aperture probe (7), slowly pushing a reaming drill bit to the bottom of a hole, and observing whether a display value of an aperture observation window on a computer interface is smaller than a designed aperture value or not in the process;
2) after the reaming bit reaches the bottom of the hole and the cable (8) is tightened again, clicking an 'actually measured hole depth' button by operating a measuring and reading device (10) to determine the hole depth at the reaming end point, so that the reaming length is obtained;
3) and if the length and the diameter of the reaming section are not satisfied, continuing reaming until the design requirements are satisfied, and washing the hole.
4. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 3, further comprising: the ultrasonic aperture probe (7) is mainly used for measuring the aperture and judging the measurement result by an acoustic parameter calculation method, and the specific value of the aperture of each measuring point on the depth of the pile hole is obtained by calculation according to the acoustic parameter value obtained by measurement, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
assuming that the distance l between the center of the probe and the wall of the hole in four directions at the depth of a certain position of the hole is measured1、l2、l3And l4Value O is the center point of the pile hole, O1The point is the center point of the probe;
when l is1≥l2，l3≥l4The method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: l1-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction i to the borehole wall;
l2the horizontal distance from the direction II of the transducer of the probe to the hole wall;
l3-horizontal distance of probe transducer direction iii to the bore wall;
l4-horizontal distance of the probe transducer direction iv to the borehole wall;
d is the average diameter of the pores.
When l is2≥l1、l4≥l3Or in other cases, the average value of the pore diameter can be obtained as in the above method. When the computer performs data processing, the program will be executed with l1、l2、l3And l4The size of the aperture is judged, and the aperture average value D can be obtained by adopting a corresponding formula.
5. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 1, comprising: in the construction step 1), an upper drill bit (2) is arranged at the bottom of a drill rod (1), link mechanisms (3) are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the upper drill bit (2) close to the bottom respectively, the bottom ends of the link mechanisms (3) are movably connected to the outer walls of two sides of a lower drill bit (4) respectively, convex teeth (5) are uniformly arranged on the outer walls of the link mechanisms (3) respectively, a reset spring (6) is fixedly connected to the top end of the lower drill bit (4), the upper end of the reset spring (6) is arranged at the bottom of the upper drill bit (2), an ultrasonic aperture probe (7) is arranged on the lower drill bit (4), the ultrasonic aperture probe (7) is fixedly connected with one end of a cable (8), the other end of the cable (8) extends into the drill rod (1), and the tail end of the cable extends out of the outer wall of one side of the drill rod (1) to be electrically connected with a wire slip ring type rotary joint (9), the lead slip ring type rotary joint (9) is connected with the measuring and reading equipment (10).
6. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 5, further comprising: the drill rod (1) is of a continuous hollow sectional structure, the inner wall of each section of the drill rod (1) is provided with a movable positioning support (11), and the movable positioning supports (11) are used for clamping and limiting cables (8) inside the drill rod (1).
7. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 5, further comprising: the inner walls of the two sides of the ultrasonic aperture probe (7) are respectively and symmetrically provided with a transmitting end (71) close to the top, the inner walls of the two sides of the ultrasonic aperture probe are respectively and symmetrically provided with a receiving end (72) close to the bottom, the receiving ends (72) are respectively arranged corresponding to the transmitting ends (71), the transmitting ends (71) and the receiving ends (72) are respectively used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves of the probe, and the ends of the transmitting ends (71) and the receiving ends (72) extend to the outside of the shell.
8. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 1, comprising: and (3) reaming by adding water in the reaming process in the construction step 3), controlling the reaming speed in the reaming process, not forcibly reaming, finding out abnormality or sticking the drill in the reaming process, stopping reaming, finding out reasons and processing, and then continuing drilling to form holes.
9. An anchor cable construction method for intelligently detecting a counterbore aperture as recited in claim 5, further comprising: wire slip ring formula rotary joint (9) include that one end extends to survey main part (91) of reading equipment (10) inside, be provided with spacing ring (92) on the outer wall of main part (91), spacing ring (92) laminating is surveyed and is read equipment (10) outer wall setting, and be provided with stator (93) on main part (91) are close to the one end outer wall of surveying reading equipment (10), stator (93) pass through the wire and survey reading equipment (10) electric connection, be provided with rotor shaft (94) on its other end outer wall, the inner chamber of rotor shaft (94) is provided with rotor (95), rotor (95) are connected through the wire and cable (8) keep away from the one end of supersound aperture probe (7).
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