CN114303813A - Landscaping method for sand greening based on landscape architecture - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of sand greening, and particularly discloses a greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, which comprises the following steps: 1) excavating original soil: digging out the original soil of the sand land with the depth of 50-100 cm; 2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall; 3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall; 4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height; 5) and (3) vegetation planting: and planting drought-enduring plants selected from one of cactus, populus euphratica and salix integra on the backfilled artificial soil. The greening method disclosed by the invention comprehensively combines the technologies of engineering, soil remediation, vegetation planting and the like, and has the advantages of good greening effect, low comprehensive cost and good water and soil conservation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sand greening, and particularly discloses a greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture.
Background
At present, due to the influence of global climate change and excessive grazing, the phenomena of grassland degradation or desertification frequently occur, the degradation area is increasingly enlarged, the grassland vegetation disappears to form patch-shaped sandy land, and the further development can form large-area degradation sandy land. Therefore, the method is an effective way for controlling the desertification of the grassland by controlling the continuous development of the small-area patch-shaped sandy land. The degraded grassland of mountain areas and plains around large and medium-sized cities is becoming a sand source land for sand-dust weather and sand storm, which can obviously reduce the environmental quality of the life of residents and cause serious loss of national economic development.
The ecological restoration of the vegetation in the degraded sandy land mainly comprises the following technologies: 1. and (5) engineering technology. The method mainly prevents and treats the deterioration of the water and the soil caused by the water and the soil loss, the desertification, the stony desertification and the like by building artificial buildings and transforming the standing conditions, and comprises a slope control engineering technology, a ditch control engineering technology, a small-sized hydraulic engineering technology, a ditch head protection engineering technology, a check dam engineering technology, various check dam and silt dam engineering technologies, a channel bank protection engineering technology, a terrace building engineering technology and the like. 2. An ecological technology. The technology for protecting and building vegetation ecology comprises the technology of storing water, reducing flow, protecting soil, improving soil and enclosing soil through a barrier of a vegetation canopy and a root system to the earth surface. The main types include seal cultivation, tree planting, grass planting, mixed culture of needle habitats, mixed culture of arbor, shrub and grass, construction of water source forests and protection forests, construction of natural protection areas, construction of protection forest belts and the like. 3. An agricultural technology. The method is a technology for preventing and treating the loss of the slope farmland by improving the farming method and the farming technology. The types of the method mainly comprise the adjustment of planting structures and types, soil improvement, popularization of no-tillage methods, intercropping and interplanting, high-altitude farming, ridge farming, farmland mulching and the like. 4. And (3) material technology. According to the damage of ten water losses and ten land desertification on the original seed structure in ten lands, organic matters and viscous silicate components in soil are increased by applying green materials, so that the loss of the components in the soil in terms of quantity and quality is increased, and the method is an important measure for water and soil loss and ecological restoration of the land desertification. Research shows that the soil moisture ecological restoration material contains silicate composite components which are used for supplementing soil aggregate structure matrix and have the characteristics of water retention, fertilizer retention and silicic acid cementation, and can essentially improve the physical characteristics of soil. Agricultural and sideline product straw materials are taken as main materials, safe microbial agents, prefabricated soil moisture restoration materials and nutrient elements required by plant growth are prepared, planting ropes with different sizes are prepared to be sowed with plant seeds, ten-wall conditions are restored, and the purpose of ecological restoration and ten-land degradation is achieved.
At present, a method for realizing sand greening by using a comprehensive application method of the restoration mode is lacked, and a solution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention discloses a landscaping method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, which comprehensively combines the technologies of engineering, soil restoration, vegetation planting and the like, and has the advantages of good greening effect, low comprehensive cost and good water and soil conservation effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture comprises the following steps:
1) excavating original soil: digging out the original soil of the sand land with the depth of 50-100 cm;
2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall;
3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall;
4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height;
5) and (3) vegetation planting: and planting drought-enduring plants selected from one of cactus, populus euphratica and salix integra on the backfilled artificial soil.
Further, according to the landscaping-based sand greening method based on landscape architecture, the wind-blocking wall is trapezoidal and the height of the wind-blocking wall is 150cm-200 cm.
Further, according to the landscaping method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, cement is poured into the wind shielding wall for reinforcement.
Further, in the landscaping method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, the artificial soil is filled into 2 layers, the bottom layer is a basic soil layer, the upper layer is a nutrient soil layer, and the basic soil layer comprises: the thickness ratio of the nutrient soil layer is 2: 1.
Further, according to the landscaping method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, the basic soil layer is formed by mixing plant residues, activated sludge, plant ash and a water-retaining agent according to a mass ratio of 100: 1000:10: 1.
Further, in the greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture, the water-retaining agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
further, in the greening method for sandy greening based on landscape architecture, the water-retaining agent is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding water with the mass 2-5 times of that of solid, heating and keeping for 1-3 hours under the pressure of 2-3Mpa, and modifying; cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain a product A;
2) adding plant residue powder, ammonium persulfate, activated carbon, konjac flour, algal polysaccharide, kieselguhr and high clay into the product A according to the formula amount; stirring and heating at the stirring speed of 200-400rpm and the heating temperature of 50-70 ℃, and stopping evaporation when the water content is 20-40% to obtain a product B;
3) and putting the product B into a granulator for granulation, drying the product B to constant weight after the average particle size is 5-15mm, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Further, in the greening method for sandy land based on landscape architecture, the nutrient soil layer is formed by mixing silt filling soil and a microbial agent. 50g of microbial agent is used in each square nutrient soil layer.
Further, according to the greening method for sandy greening based on landscape architecture, the microbial agent consists of the following dry bacteria in parts by mass: 25% of eurotium cristatum, 20% of microzyme, 15% of photosynthetic bacteria, 15% of bacillus subtilis, 15% of cellulomonas flavigena and 10% of filamentous fungi.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a greening method for sandy land greening based on landscape architecture, which comprehensively combines the technologies of engineering, soil restoration, vegetation planting and the like, arranges a wind-blocking wall at a main wind direction position to prevent the vegetation seedlings from being blown down by strong wind and improve the survival rate of vegetation, and further improves the nutrition and the supporting capability of the soil in dry desert climate by elaborately arranging artificial soil and adding a specially-prepared water-retaining agent and a microbial inoculum, thereby creating good conditions for the planting and survival of the vegetation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The reagents or instruments used in the examples of the present invention are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products available from commercial sources.
Example 1
A greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) excavating original soil: digging out the original soil of the sand land with the depth of 50 cm;
2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall;
3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall;
4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height;
5) and (3) vegetation planting: planting drought-tolerant plants selected from cactus on the backfilled artificial soil;
the wind-break wall is trapezoidal and has the height of 150 cm;
cement is poured into the wind shielding wall for reinforcement;
the artificial soil is filled into 2 layers, the bottom layer is a basic soil layer, the upper layer is a nutrient soil layer, and the basic soil layer is as follows: the thickness ratio of the nutrient soil layer is 2: 1;
the foundation soil layer is prepared from plant residues, activated sludge, plant ash and a water-retaining agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 1000:10: 1;
the water-retaining agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the water-retaining agent is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding water with the mass 2 times of that of solid, heating under the pressure of 2Mpa for 1 hour, and modifying; cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain a product A;
2) adding plant residue powder, ammonium persulfate, activated carbon, konjac flour, algal polysaccharide, kieselguhr and high clay into the product A according to the formula amount; stirring and heating at the stirring speed of 200rpm and the heating temperature of 50 ℃, and stopping evaporation when the water content is 20% after evaporation to obtain a product B;
3) and putting the product B into a granulator for granulation, drying the product B to constant weight after the average particle size is 5mm, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the water-retaining agent.
The nutrient soil layer is formed by mixing silt filling soil and a microbial agent. 50g of microbial agent is used in each square nutrient soil layer;
the microbial agent consists of the following dry bacteria in parts by mass: 25% of eurotium cristatum, 20% of microzyme, 15% of photosynthetic bacteria, 15% of bacillus subtilis, 15% of cellulomonas flavigena and 10% of filamentous fungi.
Example 2
A greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) excavating original soil: digging out original soil of the sand land, wherein the depth is 75 cm;
2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall;
3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall;
4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height;
5) and (3) vegetation planting: planting drought-tolerant plants selected from populus euphratica on the backfilled artificial soil;
the wind-break wall is trapezoidal and 175cm in height;
cement is poured into the wind shielding wall for reinforcement;
the artificial soil is filled into 2 layers, the bottom layer is a basic soil layer, the upper layer is a nutrient soil layer, and the basic soil layer is as follows: the thickness ratio of the nutrient soil layer is 2: 1;
the foundation soil layer is prepared from plant residues, activated sludge, plant ash and a water-retaining agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 1000:10: 1;
the water-retaining agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the water-retaining agent is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding water with the mass 3 times of that of solid, heating and keeping for 2 hours under the pressure of 2.5Mpa, and modifying; cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain a product A;
2) adding plant residue powder, ammonium persulfate, activated carbon, konjac flour, algal polysaccharide, kieselguhr and high clay into the product A according to the formula amount; stirring and heating at the stirring speed of 300rpm and the heating temperature of 60 ℃, and stopping evaporation when the water content is 30% after evaporation to obtain a product B;
3) and putting the product B into a granulator for granulation, drying the product B to constant weight after the average particle size is 10mm, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the water-retaining agent.
The nutrient soil layer is formed by mixing silt filling soil and a microbial agent. 50g of microbial agent is used in each square nutrient soil layer;
the microbial agent consists of the following dry bacteria in parts by mass: 25% of eurotium cristatum, 20% of microzyme, 15% of photosynthetic bacteria, 15% of bacillus subtilis, 15% of cellulomonas flavigena and 10% of filamentous fungi.
Example 3
A greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) excavating original soil: digging out the original soil of the sand land with the depth of 100 cm;
2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall;
3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall;
4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height;
5) and (3) vegetation planting: planting drought-tolerant plants on the backfilled artificial soil, wherein the drought-tolerant plants are selected from salix purpurea;
the wind-break wall is trapezoidal and has the height of 200 cm;
cement is poured into the wind shielding wall for reinforcement;
the artificial soil is filled into 2 layers, the bottom layer is a basic soil layer, the upper layer is a nutrient soil layer, and the basic soil layer is as follows: the thickness ratio of the nutrient soil layer is 2: 1;
the foundation soil layer is prepared from plant residues, activated sludge, plant ash and a water-retaining agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 1000:10: 1;
the water-retaining agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the water-retaining agent is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding water with the mass 5 times of that of solid, heating and keeping for 3 hours under the pressure of 3Mpa, and modifying; cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain a product A;
2) adding plant residue powder, ammonium persulfate, activated carbon, konjac flour, algal polysaccharide, kieselguhr and high clay into the product A according to the formula amount; stirring and heating at the stirring speed of 400rpm and the heating temperature of 70 ℃, and stopping evaporation when the water content is 40% after evaporation to obtain a product B;
3) and putting the product B into a granulator for granulation, drying the product B to constant weight after the average particle size is 15mm, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the water-retaining agent.
The nutrient soil layer is formed by mixing silt filling soil and a microbial agent. 50g of microbial agent is used in each square nutrient soil layer;
the microbial agent consists of the following dry bacteria in parts by mass: 25% of eurotium cristatum, 20% of microzyme, 15% of photosynthetic bacteria, 15% of bacillus subtilis, 15% of cellulomonas flavigena and 10% of filamentous fungi.
Test example
The method described in examples 1 to 3 above is compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, and comparative examples 1 to 3 correspond to examples 1 to 3, respectively, except that comparative examples 1 to 3 do not contain the water-retaining agent and the microbial agent described in examples 1 to 3. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparing examples 1-3 with comparative examples 1-3,
as can be seen from the data in table 1,
the invention discloses a landscaping-based sand greening method, which comprehensively combines the technologies of engineering, soil restoration, vegetation planting and the like, and has the advantages of good greening effect, low comprehensive cost and good water and soil conservation effect.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A greening method for sand greening based on landscape architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) excavating original soil: digging out the original soil of the sand land with the depth of 50-100 cm;
2) setting a wind-break wall: piling the excavated earthwork on one side of the main wind direction of the sand and forming a soil pile wind-blocking wall;
3) arranging geotextile grids: covering a geotextile grid on the soil heap wind shielding wall;
4) backfilling artificial soil: burying an irrigation pipeline in the dug original soil part, and backfilling artificial soil to the original height;
5) and (3) vegetation planting: and planting drought-enduring plants selected from one of cactus, populus euphratica and salix integra on the backfilled artificial soil.
2. A method for afforestation of a sand based landscape architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind blocking wall is a trapezoid with a height of 150cm to 200 cm.
3. A landscaping method of sand based on landscape architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind-shielding wall is filled with cement for reinforcement.
4. A landscaping method of sand greening according to claim 1, wherein the artificial soil is filled into 2 layers, the bottom layer is a foundation soil layer, the upper layer is a nutrient soil layer, the foundation soil layer is: the thickness ratio of the nutrient soil layer is 2: 1.
5. A landscaping method of sand greening according to claim 4, wherein the basic soil layer is formed by mixing plant residues, activated sludge, plant ash and water retention agent according to a mass ratio of 100: 1000:10: 1.
6. A landscaping method based on sand greening of landscape architecture as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water-retaining agent is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
acrylic acid 100 parts
40-60 parts of acrylamide
30-60 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch
30-50 parts of starch
30-50 parts of plant residue powder
20-40 parts of ammonium persulfate
10-30 parts of activated carbon
10-30 parts of konjak powder
10-20 parts of algal polysaccharide
8-16 parts of diatomite
5-10 parts of high clay.
7. A landscaping method of sand greening based on landscape architecture as claimed in claim 6, wherein the water retention agent is prepared by the following steps:
1) adding starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding water with the mass 2-5 times of that of solid, heating and keeping for 1-3 hours under the pressure of 2-3Mpa, and modifying; cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain a product A;
2) adding plant residue powder, ammonium persulfate, activated carbon, konjac flour, algal polysaccharide, kieselguhr and high clay into the product A according to the formula amount; stirring and heating at the stirring speed of 200-400rpm and the heating temperature of 50-70 ℃, and stopping evaporation when the water content is 20-40% to obtain a product B;
3) and putting the product B into a granulator for granulation, drying the product B to constant weight after the average particle size is 5-15mm, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the water-retaining agent.
8. A method for afforestation of a sand based on landscape architecture as claimed in claim 4, wherein said soil layer for nutrition is a mixture of silt soil and microbial agent,
50g of microbial agent is used in each square nutrient soil layer.
9. A landscaping method based on sand greening according to claim 8, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following dry bacteria in parts by mass: 25% of eurotium cristatum, 20% of microzyme, 15% of photosynthetic bacteria, 15% of bacillus subtilis, 15% of cellulomonas flavigena and 10% of filamentous fungi.
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