CN114303504B - Drainage gathering device and saline-alkali soil improvement method - Google Patents
Drainage gathering device and saline-alkali soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114303504B CN114303504B CN202111660501.9A CN202111660501A CN114303504B CN 114303504 B CN114303504 B CN 114303504B CN 202111660501 A CN202111660501 A CN 202111660501A CN 114303504 B CN114303504 B CN 114303504B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a drainage collecting device and a saline-alkali soil improvement method, wherein the drainage collecting device comprises an outer pipe, the outer pipe is a hollow pipe, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the pipe wall; the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube, and the inner tube and the outer tube are tightly attached and in sliding connection; a concave surface, a part of the outer tube passes through the bottom of the concave surface, and a drain hole is arranged on the part of the outer tube positioned in the concave surface. The saline-alkali soil improvement method adopts the water collecting and draining device, further comprises the step of soaking and draining for multiple times, is ingenious in design and novel in structure, solves the problem of saline-alkali soil improvement in the drought and water shortage environment of the northwest area, and has very remarkable popularization and application significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a drainage collecting device and a saline-alkali soil improvement method.
Background
In northwest areas of China, there are many barren lands, and most of the soil in the lands is saline-alkali soil. The soil surface of the saline-alkali soil is generally white in color and is covered by a layer of alkali, and the soil is extremely unsuitable for plant growth, especially crops.
In general, the sand alkali pressing method is a common way for improving saline-alkali soil in northwest areas. Farmers transport yellow sand in the barren beach to the alkaline land to be improved, cover the alkaline land, mix sand, so that the alkalinity of soil is greatly weakened, and then the alkaline of the alkaline land is improved to a certain extent after planting and cultivating the land for many years, and finally the soil becomes a fertile farmland. However, this method has a large regional limitation and a high cost input, firstly, the surrounding of the saline-alkali soil must have abundant yellow sand resources, and secondly, farmers who improve the soil must have a strong economic support. The improvement effect of the method in a short period is not obvious, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be input for a long period, so that the method is not suitable for large-area popularization and application. And in northwest areas, drought lacks water, so that the improvement difficulty is relatively high.
There is a need to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a drainage device and a saline-alkali soil improvement method, which can effectively improve the saline-alkali soil and have the characteristics of simple operation and large-area use, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a drainage device comprising:
the outer tube is a hollow tube, and a plurality of water draining holes are formed in the tube wall;
the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube, and the inner tube and the outer tube are tightly attached and in sliding connection;
a concave surface, a part of the outer tube passes through the bottom of the concave surface, and a drain hole is arranged on the part of the outer tube positioned in the concave surface.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a method for improving the saline-alkali soil,
adopt foretell a gather drainage device, still include the following step:
s1, selecting an area to be improved, digging a planting pit, and placing the drainage collecting device into the planting pit, wherein the concave surface is formed by an isolation layer with water-impermeable property, which is arranged on the inner wall of the planting pit;
s2, backfilling the soil dug out by the planting pit in the concave surface;
s3, after the inner pipe is moved to plug the drain hole, pouring water into the concave surface and soaking soil materials;
s4, moving the inner pipe to the drain hole to be opened, and discharging water in the concave surface;
s5, repeating the steps S3 and S4 until the soil material in the concave surface meets the production requirement.
In some embodiments, the planting pits are provided with a plurality of planting grooves, and the planting pits are communicated to form a planting groove, and the concave surface is formed by an isolation layer with water impermeable property, which is arranged on the inner wall of the planting groove.
In some embodiments, a plurality of sets of outer and inner tubes are disposed within the concave surface.
In some embodiments, the barrier layer is made of a material having breathable properties, or is a plastic cloth, knife cloth, or the like, that is impermeable to air.
In some embodiments, in step S1, the outer tube is provided with drainage holes both inside the concave surface and outside the concave surface.
In some embodiments, in step S2, after backfilling the earth material of the planting pit, the inner tube
And/or
The outer tube extends beyond the top of the earth.
In some embodiments, in the step S3, the soaking time of the soil material is 12-48 hours.
In some embodiments, the planting pit is U-shaped or V-shaped.
In some embodiments, the isolation layer is provided with an opening, a connecting pipe is arranged at the opening, the isolation layer is tightly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe has an inner diameter size adapted to the outer pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the water collecting and draining device provided by the invention is provided with the outer pipe with the draining hole and the inner pipe connected with the outer pipe in a sliding way, and the water collecting and draining in the concave surface can be realized by moving the inner pipe, so that the water collecting and draining device is simple in structure and very efficient.
2. According to the saline-alkali soil improvement method provided by the invention, the area to be improved can be selected as required, the planting pit is dug, the repeated cleaning of the saline-alkali soil in the concave surface is realized by utilizing the drainage collecting device, the salinity is reduced to meet the production requirement, the method is ingenious, the cost is low, excessive water resource waste is avoided, and the method is suitable for large-area popularization in northwest regions.
3. The saline-alkali soil improvement method provided by the invention has the advantages that the isolation layer has water impermeability, not only can be used for forming the concave surface of the drainage collecting device for water insulation, but also can isolate the pollution of the saline-alkali soil in the side area to the cleaned area, and has good technical effect.
4. The inner pipe and the outer pipe can be set to have a certain length, so that in the step S2, after the soil material of the planting pit is backfilled, the inner pipe and/or the outer pipe exceeds the top of the soil material, the production needs are met in saline-alkali soil, the outer pipe and the inner pipe can be removed conveniently, the subsequent crop planting is facilitated, the cost is greatly reduced, and the method has remarkable economic benefits.
In conclusion, the invention has ingenious design and novel structure, solves the problem of improvement of saline-alkali soil in the drought and water-deficient environment of northwest areas, and has very remarkable popularization and application significance.
Drawings
The above features, technical features, advantages and implementation of the present invention will be further described in the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in a clear and easily understood manner.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drainage device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a step S3 in the saline-alkali soil improvement method of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a step S4 in the saline-alkali soil improvement method of the invention;
reference numerals illustrate: 100 is an outer tube, 200 is an inner tube, 300 is a drain hole, 400 is a concave surface.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will explain the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, from which other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
For simplicity of the drawing, only the parts relevant to the invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure thereof as a product. Additionally, in order to simplify the drawing for ease of understanding, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are shown schematically with only one of them, or only one of them is labeled. Herein, "a" means not only "only this one" but also "more than one" case.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
In this context, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a drainage collecting device, which comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and a concave surface, wherein the outer pipe is a hollow pipe, a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the pipe wall, the outer pipe and the inner pipe can be metal pipes or plastic pipes, the inner pipe is inserted into the outer pipe, and the inner pipe and the outer pipe are tightly attached and in sliding connection; the inner tube can be moved to block or open the drain hole formed in the outer tube, the concave surface is used for storing water, a part of the outer tube penetrates through the bottom of the concave surface, and the drain hole is formed in the part of the outer tube positioned in the concave surface.
When the inner pipe is used, the inner pipe is moved to the part, which is positioned in the concave surface, of the inner pipe for plugging the drain hole in the outer pipe, the inner pipe and the concave surface are matched to form a closed water storage space, water can be injected into the concave surface for a long time in the concave surface, when the concave surface water needs to be drained, the inner pipe is moved to the drain hole in the concave surface on the outer pipe, the drain can be quickly realized, and the inner pipe type water storage device has very high efficiency.
On the other hand, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention further provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil, which adopts the drainage device, and further comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an area to be improved, digging a planting pit, and placing the drainage collecting device into the planting pit, wherein the concave surface is formed by an isolation layer with water-impermeable property, which is arranged on the inner wall of the planting pit;
s2, backfilling the soil dug out by the planting pit in the concave surface;
s3, after the inner pipe is moved to plug the drain hole, pouring water into the concave surface and soaking soil materials;
s4, moving the inner pipe to the drain hole to be opened, and discharging water in the concave surface;
s5, repeating the steps S3 and S4 until the soil material in the concave surface meets the production requirement, and then removing the outer tube and the inner tube, or leaving the outer tube and the inner tube in the planting pit.
It is noted that in step S1, the selected area to be improved is determined according to the crop to be planted, typically 3-5m, the planting pit is dug after the area to be improved is determined, the height of the planting pit is determined according to the general height of the root of the plant, the dug planting pit is concave, the isolating layer is laid on the inner wall of the concave planting pit, the isolating layer has a water-impermeable property and is used for forming a concave surface in the water collecting and draining device for subsequent water storage, and the isolating layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the planting pit.
In the step S2, it is noted that the moving space of the inner pipe needs to be reserved when the earth material is backfilled, and the inner pipe can be moved relative to the outer pipe in the following process, the water in the step S3 is fresh water or weak acid fresh water, and after long-time soaking, the water can react with alkaline substances in the earth material to produce salt and dissolve in the water, so that the salt is convenient for subsequent discharge, in the step S4, due to drought and water shortage in northwest areas and low groundwater level, the inner pipe is moved to the drain hole to be opened, so that the water in the concave surface can be discharged completely and the efficiency is higher.
In some embodiments, the planting pits are provided with a plurality of planting grooves formed by communicating the planting pits, in these embodiments, a specific area can be defined as a generation improvement area, and a separate isolation layer is provided for each planting pit, but in a preferred embodiment, the planting grooves formed by the planting pits are preferably formed by paving the isolation layers on the inner walls of the planting grooves, the isolation layers form an integral concave surface, then a group of outer pipes and inner pipes are provided in each area to be improved, and a water collecting and draining device is formed, so that soil materials in the planting grooves can be washed integrally, and the integral drainage can greatly improve improvement efficiency and facilitate later plant planting planning.
In some embodiments, the isolation layer is made of a material with air-permeable property, or is air-impermeable plastic cloth or knife-scraping cloth, and the air-permeable material can be more beneficial to meeting the air required by the respiration of crops, but the air-impermeable material can also be used for opening the opening of the planting pit slightly larger to meet the respiration requirement of plants, but the situation that the planted plants are planted in the same area range can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the outer pipes of the step S1, which are located inside the concave surface and outside the concave surface, are provided with drainage holes, the drainage holes located inside the concave surface are used for guiding out the waste water in the concave surface, the drainage holes located outside the concave surface are used for improving the drainage efficiency, and the drainage holes have the same structure but different functions, and in these embodiments, the drainage efficiency of the concave surface is significantly improved.
In some embodiments, after the soil material of the planting pit is backfilled in step S2, the inner tube and/or the outer tube exceeds the top of the soil material, in these embodiments, the outer tube may be buried inside the soil material, but the inner tube must exceed the top of the soil material, so that the inner tube provided in this way is more convenient to move than the embodiment of reserving the movable space of the inner tube, and preferably, the outer tube is also provided to exceed the top of the soil material after backfilling, so that the outer tube of the inner tube can be removed together.
In some embodiments, the soaking time of the soil material in the step S3 is specifically set to be 12-48 h, the saline-alkali materials on the soil surface are sufficiently clear, the water resource is utilized to the greatest extent, in some embodiments, the planting pit is in a U shape or a V shape, the bottom is more concentrated and more convenient for discharging water flow, in addition, preferably, an opening can be preset on the isolation layer, a connecting pipe is arranged at the opening, the isolation layer is tightly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is provided with an inner diameter size adapted to the outer pipe, the structure of the outer pipe penetrating through the isolation layer can be conveniently formed, meanwhile, the isolation layer and the connecting pipe are connected in advance, the connection is more compact, the service life is longer, and the improvement effect of the soil is better.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving saline-alkali soil is characterized in that,
a drainage device is adopted, comprising:
the outer tube is a hollow tube, and a plurality of water draining holes are formed in the tube wall;
the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube, and the inner tube and the outer tube are tightly attached and in sliding connection;
a concave surface, a part of the outer tube passes through the bottom of the concave surface, and a drain hole is formed in the part of the outer tube positioned in the concave surface;
the method also comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an area to be improved, digging a planting pit, and placing the drainage collecting device into the planting pit, wherein the concave surface is formed by an isolation layer with water-impermeable property, which is arranged on the inner wall of the planting pit;
s2, backfilling the soil dug out by the planting pit in the concave surface; after backfilling the soil material of the planting pit, the inner tube and/or the outer tube exceeds the top of the soil material;
s3, after the inner pipe is moved to plug the drain hole, pouring water into the concave surface and soaking soil materials;
s4, moving the inner pipe to the drain hole to be opened, and discharging water in the concave surface;
s5, repeating the steps S3 and S4 until the soil material in the concave surface meets the production requirement.
2. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
the planting pits are provided with a plurality of planting grooves and are communicated with each other to form the planting pits, and the concave surface is formed by an isolation layer with water-impermeable property, wherein the isolation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the planting grooves.
3. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
and a plurality of groups of outer pipes and inner pipes are arranged in the concave surface.
4. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
the isolating layer is made of a material with air permeability, or is air-proof plastic cloth or knife scraping cloth.
5. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step S1, the outer pipes positioned inside and outside the concave surface are respectively provided with a drain hole.
6. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
and S3, soaking the soil for 12-48 hours.
7. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein,
the planting pit is U-shaped or V-shaped.
8. The method for improving a saline-alkali soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein,
the isolating layer is provided with an opening in advance, a connecting pipe is arranged at the opening, the isolating layer is tightly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is provided with an inner diameter size which is adaptive to the outer pipe.
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| CN202111660501.9A CN114303504B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Drainage gathering device and saline-alkali soil improvement method |
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| CN202111660501.9A CN114303504B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Drainage gathering device and saline-alkali soil improvement method |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008002237A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-10 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Drain device, soil improvement device, and soil improvement method |
| CN204741975U (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Planting technique structure |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201614578U (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-10-27 | 武汉大学 | Control sleeve pipe for drainage of farmland subsurface water |
| CN106385829A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Underground-pipe combined mechanism used for discharging salt in saline-alkali land |
| CN109417875B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2021-12-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concealed pipe salt washing device and method |
| CN109429605A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-03-08 | 谢宁汉 | A kind of salt-soda soil and desertification administering method |
| AU2020103349A4 (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-21 | Shihezi University | Stereoscopic collaborative comprehensive treatment mode and construction method of the heavily salinized farmland |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008002237A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-10 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Drain device, soil improvement device, and soil improvement method |
| CN204741975U (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Planting technique structure |
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