CN114249431A - Low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and purification method thereof - Google Patents

Low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and purification method thereof Download PDF

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CN114249431A
CN114249431A CN202210031713.9A CN202210031713A CN114249431A CN 114249431 A CN114249431 A CN 114249431A CN 202210031713 A CN202210031713 A CN 202210031713A CN 114249431 A CN114249431 A CN 114249431A
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stage
purification unit
purification
channel
canal
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CN114249431B (en
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张雪
曹云霄
于晓东
王龙
蒋帅
岳佳妮
张广鑫
陈刚
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Shenyang Academy Environmental Sciences
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/103—Textile-type packing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-carbon cultivation drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and a purification method thereof, which comprises the following technical key points that the cultivation drainage is connected with a river mouth and the bottom of a main river channel: the first-stage purification unit, the third-stage purification unit and the fourth-stage purification unit are sequentially constructed above the bottom of the canal by the side of the breeding drainage river mouth to the main river channel side, the first-stage purification unit and the canal between the river banks on the left side and the right side of the first-stage purification unit form the second-stage purification unit, a first-stage overflow weir is arranged between the tail end of the first-stage purification unit and the tail end of the second-stage purification unit and the front end of the third-stage purification unit, and a second-stage overflow weir is arranged between the third-stage purification unit and the fourth-stage purification unit. The invention solves the problems of water body pollution and increased carbon emission of bottom mud of the river channel caused by direct discharge of tail water of the prior aquaculture, has less treatment procedures and small occupied area, is suitable for the drainage requirements of scattered households, and plays an important role in reducing pollution and carbon of a sewage receiving river reach.

Description

Low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and purification method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture pollution process control and water environment restoration, and particularly relates to a low-carbon aquaculture drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and a purification method thereof, namely a pollution-reducing and carbon-reducing technology for performing drainage system transformation on a transition region between an aquaculture area and a tail water receiving river section.
Background
In southern areas of China, water systems are developed, aquaculture industry is prosperous, but nonstandard culture behaviors such as direct discharge of tail water into rivers exist, so that the received water is polluted, river-section algae close to culture areas are piled up in pieces, the health of water ecological systems is seriously influenced, and the release of anaerobic methane in bottom mud of rivers is not beneficial to the realization of carbon neutralization targets in China. However, the existing aquaculture tail water treatment facilities have many treatment processes, large occupied area, difficulty in covering the drainage requirements of scattered households, and a lot of resistance in implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of pollution of a receiving water body and increase of carbon emission of bottom mud caused by direct emission of tail water of the conventional aquaculture, and provides a low-carbon aquaculture drainage multistage in-situ purification structure and a purification method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a multistage normal position purification structure of drainage is bred to low carbon, includes the canal bottom of piling up by the concrete block, the drainage estuary and main river course are bred in the linkage of canal bottom, and its technical essential is: a first-stage purification unit, a third-stage purification unit and a fourth-stage purification unit are sequentially constructed above the bottom of the channel from the side of a breeding drainage river inlet to the side of the main river channel, the first-stage purification unit and the channel between the left and right river banks of the first-stage purification unit form a second-stage purification unit, a first-stage overflow weir is arranged between the tail ends of the first-stage purification unit and the second-stage purification unit and between the tail ends of the third-stage purification unit and the front end of the fourth-stage purification unit, a second-stage overflow weir higher than the first-stage overflow weir is arranged between the third-stage purification unit and the fourth-stage purification unit, and the tail ends of the first-stage overflow weir, the second-stage overflow weir and the fourth-stage purification unit are higher than the river surface height of the main river channel; the canal bottom of one-level purifying unit is the notch cuttype canal bottom, is close to breed drainage income estuary one side and is the low level section, connects first-level overflow weir one side and is the high-order section, including at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal and locate at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal left and right side ladder canal on the horizontal direction at the bottom of the notch cuttype canal, along vertical staggered arrangement at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal and the side ladder canal, each ladder section at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal is equipped with towards the silt of the direction of intaking and holds back sloping wall I and with the structure of sinking that sloping wall I links up, the structure of sinking is built-in to pack rubble matrix and plants benthophyte wheel algae, each ladder section at the bottom of the side ladder canal is equipped with and holds back sloping wall II, originated in the bottom of the middle part ladder canal side and extend to the direction sloping wall of second grade purifying unit towards the silt of the direction of intaking.
The silt interception inclined wall I and the silt interception inclined wall II form an included angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane respectivelyo～60oThe included angle between the guide inclined wall and the horizontal plane is 30o～40o。
According to the low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure, the depth of the sinking structure of each step section at the bottom of the middle stepped channel is 20-25 cm, and the thickness of the filled gravel matrix is 5-10 cm.
The low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure is characterized in that each step section of the middle step channel bottom and the side step channel bottoms on the left side and the right side is 60-75 cm high, the starting step section of the side step channel bottom is 120-150 cm wide, the tail end step section is 40-50 cm wide, and each step section of the middle step channel bottom and the step section between the starting end and the tail end of the side step channel bottom are 80-100 cm wide.
According to the low-carbon cultivation drainage multistage in-situ purification structure, the channel bottom of the second-stage purification unit is 20-25 cm lower than the channel bottom of the low-level section of the first-stage purification unit, and aquatic plant reeds are planted in the channel.
The multistage in-situ purification structure for low-carbon breeding drainage is characterized in that the number of the three-stage purification units is one or more, an interstage overflow weir is arranged between every two three-stage purification units, each three-stage purification unit consists of a buffering sedimentation area and a deep purification area connected to the rear portion of the buffering sedimentation area, crushed stone matrixes are filled in the bottom of the buffering sedimentation area, aquatic plants and rotaphytes are planted in the bottom of the buffering sedimentation area, the bottom of the deep purification area is higher than the bottom of the buffering sedimentation area, the bottom of the deep purification area inclines towards the buffering sedimentation area, combined fiber fillers are fixed in the deep purification area, and the combined fiber fillers face towards the water inlet direction.
According to the low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure, the depth of the buffering sedimentation area is 100-125 cm, the width of the buffering sedimentation area is 80-100 cm, the depth of the deep purification area is 75-90 cm, the width of the deep purification area is 80-96 cm, and an included angle between the bottom surface of a channel of the deep purification area and the horizontal plane is 30o～40o。
According to the low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure, the upper ends of the first-stage overflow weir, the second-stage overflow weir and the interstage overflow weir between two adjacent three-stage purification units are respectively provided with the sawtooth-shaped overflow structures, the height of each sawtooth-shaped overflow weir is 45cm, and the distance between each trough and each valley is 50 cm.
According to the low-carbon cultivation drainage multistage in-situ purification structure, the crushed stone matrix is filled in the canal bottom of the four-stage purification unit, the ornamental plant loosestrife with the purification function is planted, and the depth of the canal bottom of the four-stage purification unit is 20-25 cm.
The purification method of the low-carbon breeding drainage multistage in-situ purification structure is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, when culture drainage enters a river channel from a river mouth and passes through a primary purification unit, because the bottom of a middle stepped channel and the bottom of a lateral stepped channel of the primary purification unit are longitudinally staggered, the bottom of the middle stepped channel is provided with a silt interception inclined wall I, and the bottom of the lateral stepped channel is provided with a silt interception inclined wall II, the collision chance of the primary purification unit and silt in river water is increased, the silt intercepted by the primary purification unit slides to a secondary purification unit through a guide inclined wall at the bottom of the lateral stepped channel, a growth matrix is provided for aquatic plant reeds, bottom mud of the river channel is reduced, and the possibility of anaerobic methane production is reduced; the silt falling into the sinking structure at the bottom of the middle stepped channel becomes a growth substrate of the stoned plant stonewort, and the root system can fix the intercepted silt in the growth process of the plant and absorb and remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants;
secondly, the effluent of the first-stage purification unit and the effluent of the second-stage purification unit are converged and fall into a buffer sedimentation area of the third-stage purification unit through a first-stage overflow weir, and the effluent fully reoxidized in the water level rising and water falling processes provides an aerobic environment for the plants and aerobic microorganism activities of the third-stage purification unit; the buffering and settling zone can buffer the impact force of the water flowing out of the first-stage overflow weir, so that the falling of a biological film in the deep purification zone is avoided, and the photosynthesis of the aquatic plants, namely the stonewort in the buffering and settling zone can generate a large amount of oxygen, thereby further providing favorable conditions for the activity of aerobic microorganisms; the combined fiber filler fixed in the deep purification area is easy to hang a biological membrane, a formed microbial community plays a main function in removing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water, and meanwhile, the bottom of the deep purification area is inclined, so that the naturally falling biological membrane can be collected to the buffer sedimentation area, and the biological membrane is prevented from entering a main river channel along with water flow scouring;
thirdly, the effluent of the third-stage purification unit falls into a fourth-stage purification unit through a second-stage overflow weir, residual silt and fallen biological membranes in the water are further intercepted, the water quality is purified, and the purified river water falls into a main river channel through the tail end of the fourth-stage purification unit; when the inflow flow is large, the sawtooth structures of the first stage overflow weir, the second stage overflow weir and the interstage overflow weir fully shear the water flow, the part higher than the main river channel forms a drop head, the water body fluidity is enhanced, and the reoxygenation state of the river water is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention carries out channel bottom optimization transformation on the river reach adjacent to the culture area, thereby solving the problems of the pollution of the receiving water body and the increase of the carbon emission of bottom mud caused by the direct emission of the tail water of the current aquaculture.
Specifically, the primary purification unit replaces part of the bottom of the canal near the river reach of the culture drainage area with a step-shaped structure, so that the height of the bottom of the canal is increased, the distance from the bottom of the canal to the surface of river water is shortened, oxygen transmission and illumination transmission are facilitated, the anoxic and weak light environment at the bottom of the river reach of sewage is improved, and the anaerobic methanogenesis process of bottom mud microorganisms is inhibited; meanwhile, the first-stage purification unit and the second-stage purification unit intercept and precipitate sediment to provide a growth substrate for aquatic plants, so that bottom sediment of a river channel is reduced, the possibility of anaerobic methanogenesis is reduced, the intercepted sediment can be fixed by root systems in the plant growth process, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are absorbed and removed, and the purification function is improved. The water level rising formed at the bottom of the stepped channel and the water dropping process formed by the overflow weir structure provide an aerobic environment for the plant and microorganism activities of the three-stage purification unit; the buffering and settling zone can buffer the impact force of the effluent of the first-stage overflow weir, meanwhile, the stonewort photosynthesis can generate a large amount of oxygen, and further provides favorable conditions for aerobic microorganisms to play a pollution purification function, the combined fiber filler fixed in the deep purification zone is easy to hang a biological membrane, the formed microbial community plays a main function in removing nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in water, the bottom of the deep purification zone is inclined, and the naturally falling biological membrane can be collected to the buffering and settling zone to avoid entering a main river channel along with the water flow scouring; the four-stage purification unit further intercepts residual silt and dropped biological membranes in water, purifies water quality and has ornamental value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the primary purification unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the three stage purification unit of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the method comprises the steps of (1) feeding culture drainage into a river mouth, (2) a first-stage purification unit, (201) a silt-retaining inclined wall, (I) 202) a silt-retaining inclined wall, (II) 203) a guide inclined wall, (204) a crushed stone matrix, (205) a submerged plant stonewort, (3) a second-stage purification unit, (4) a third-stage purification unit, (401) an interstage overflow weir, (402) a buffer settling zone, (403) a crushed stone matrix, (404) an aquatic plant stonewort, (405) a combined fiber filler, (406) a deep purification zone, (5) a fourth-stage purification unit, (501) a crushed stone matrix, (502) an ornamental plant loosestrife, (6) a main river channel, (7) a first-stage overflow weir and (8) a second-stage overflow weir.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure comprises a channel bottom built by concrete blocks, wherein the channel bottom is connected with a cultivation drainage estuary 1 and a main river channel 6. The top is gone into 1 side direction main river course 6 sides by breeding the drainage and is built one-level purifying unit 2, tertiary purifying unit 4 and level four purifying unit 5 in proper order in the bottom of the canal, one-level purifying unit 2 forms second grade purifying unit 3 rather than the irrigation canals and ditches between the left and right both sides river banks, be equipped with first order overflow weir 7 between one-level purifying unit 2 and the 3 terminal front ends with tertiary purifying unit 4 of second grade purifying unit, be equipped with the second level overflow weir 8 that is higher than first order overflow weir 7 between tertiary purifying unit 4 and the level four purifying unit 5, first order overflow weir 7, second level overflow weir 8 and level four purifying unit 5's end is higher than main river course 6's river height.
Wherein, the canal bottom of one-level purification unit 2 is the notch cuttype canal bottom, and 1 one side of being close to the breed drainage estuary is the low level section, connects first order overflow weir 7 one side and is the high level section. The notch cuttype canal end includes the side ladder canal end at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal end and locate the left and right both sides at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal in the horizontal direction, the bottom of the middle part ladder canal and the bottom of the side ladder canal are along vertical staggered arrangement. Each ladder section at the bottom of middle part ladder canal is equipped with and holds back skew wall I201 towards the silt of the direction of intaking, and the silt of each ladder section at the bottom of middle part ladder canal is held back and is equipped with the structure of sinking between the skew wall I, pack rubble matrix 204 and plant benthophyte wheel algae 205 in the structure of sinking, each ladder section at the bottom of side ladder canal is equipped with and holds back skew wall II 202, the beginning at middle part ladder canal bottom side and extend to second grade purification unit 3's direction skew wall 203 towards the silt of the direction of intaking.
In this embodiment, the included angles between the silt intercepting inclined wall I201 and the silt intercepting inclined wall II 202 and the horizontal plane are 60 degrees respectivelyoThe included angle between the guide inclined wall 203 and the horizontal plane is 30 degreeso. The depth of the sunken structure of each step section of the middle stepped channel bottom is 25 cm, and the thickness of the filled gravel matrix 204 is 10 cm. The height of each step section of the middle stepped channel bottom and the side stepped channel bottoms on the left side and the right side is 75 cm, the width of the initial step section is 150 cm, the width of the tail end step section is 50cm, and the widths of each step section of the middle stepped channel bottom, the middle step sections of the initial step section and the tail end step section are 100 cm. The bottom of the second-stage purification unit 3 is 20cm lower than the bottom of the low-level section of the first-stage purification unit 2, and aquatic plant reeds are planted in the channel.
The number of the three-stage purification units 4 is one or more, and an interstage overflow weir 401 is arranged between each three-stage purification unit 4. The upper ends of the first-stage overflow weir 7, the second-stage overflow weir 8 and the interstage overflow weir 401 between two adjacent three-stage purification units 4 are respectively provided with a sawtooth-shaped overflow structure, the height of the sawtooth-shaped overflow structure is 45cm, and the distance between the valley and the valley is 50 cm.
Each three-stage purification unit 4 consists of a buffering and settling area 402 and a deep purification area 406 connected to the rear part of the buffering and settling area 402, wherein the bottom of the buffering and settling area 402 is filled with crushed stone matrix 403 and is planted with aquatic plant stonewort 404, the bottom of the deep purification area 406 is higher than the bottom of the buffering and settling area 402, the bottom of the deep purification area 406 inclines towards the buffering and settling area 402, combined fiber filler 405 is fixed in the deep purification area 406, and the combined fiber filler 405 faces the water inlet direction. The depth of the buffer settling zone 402 is 125 cm, the width thereof is 100 cm, the depth of the deep purification zone 406 is 75 cm, the width thereof is 80 cm, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the channel of the deep purification zone 406 and the horizontal plane is 30o。
The inside of the canal bottom of the four-level purification unit 5 is filled with a gravel matrix 501 and ornamental plant loosestrife 502 with purification function is planted, and the depth of the canal bottom of the four-level purification unit 5 is 25 cm.
The purification method of the purification structure comprises the following steps:
firstly, when sewage discharged from a culture drainage estuary 1 flows to a first-stage purification unit 2, a middle step canal bottom and a side step canal bottom of the first-stage purification unit 2 are longitudinally arranged in a staggered manner, a silt interception inclined wall I201 is arranged at the middle step canal bottom, and a silt interception inclined wall II 202 is arranged at the side step canal bottom, so that the collision chance of the first-stage purification unit 2 and silt in river water is increased, the silt intercepted by the first-stage purification unit 2 slides to a second-stage purification unit 3 through a guide inclined wall 203 at the side step canal bottom, a growth matrix is provided for aquatic plant reeds, river bottom mud is reduced, and the possibility of anaerobic methane production is reduced; silt falling into the middle stepped channel bottom sinking structure becomes a growth substrate of the submerged plant stonewort 205, and the root system can fix the intercepted silt in the plant growth process to absorb and remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants.
In the second step, the effluent of the first-stage purification unit 2 and the effluent of the second-stage purification unit 3 are converged and fall into the buffer sedimentation area 402 of the third-stage purification unit 4 through the first-stage overflow weir 7, and the effluent fully reoxygenated through the water level rising and falling processes provides an aerobic environment for the plant and microorganism activities of the third-stage purification unit 4; the buffering and settling zone 402 can buffer the impact force of the water discharged from the first-stage overflow weir 7, so as to prevent the falling of a biological film of the purification unit, and the aquatic plant stonewort in the buffering and settling zone 402 can generate a large amount of oxygen through photosynthesis, thereby further providing favorable conditions for nitrogen and phosphorus removal by aerobic microorganisms; the combined fiber filler 405 fixed in the deep purification area 406 is easy to hang a biological membrane, the formed microbial community plays a main role in removing nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in water, and meanwhile, the bottom of the deep purification area 406 is inclined, so that the biological membrane which falls off naturally can be collected to the buffer sedimentation area 402, and the biological membrane is prevented from entering the main river channel 6 along with water flow scouring.
And thirdly, the effluent of the third-stage purification unit 4 falls into a fourth-stage purification unit 5 through a second-stage overflow weir 8, residual silt and fallen biological membranes in the water are further intercepted, the water quality is purified, and the purified river water falls into a main river channel 6 through the tail end of the fourth-stage purification unit 5.
When the water flow is large, the zigzag overflow structures of the first-stage overflow weir 7, the second-stage overflow weir 8 and the interstage overflow weir 401 fully shear the water flow, the part higher than the main river channel 6 forms a water drop head, the water body mobility is enhanced, and the reoxygenation state of the river water is improved.
Comparative example 1
The application number is CN202011528013.8, the name is a patent application of an aquaculture tail water treatment method and a multistage ecological pond, and the technical scheme is as follows: the biological grid filler-based aquaculture tail water treatment device comprises a sedimentation pond, a contact oxidation pond and an ecological pond which are constructed at intervals along the water inlet direction, wherein the sedimentation pond is used for carrying out sedimentation treatment on aquaculture tail water, adsorption treatment and denitrification treatment are carried out on the settled aquaculture tail water by utilizing biological grid fillers, the contact oxidation pond is used for carrying out purification treatment on the aquaculture tail water obtained by the sedimentation pond by utilizing a compound microbial flora, carrying out aeration treatment and biological grid filler treatment on the aquaculture tail water after the purification treatment, and the ecological pond is used for carrying out adsorption treatment and secondary denitrification treatment on the aquaculture tail water obtained by the contact oxidation pond by utilizing solid-phase carbon source fillers and carrying out deep purification treatment on the aquaculture tail water by utilizing submerged plants to obtain a clean water body.
Compared with the method, the method has the advantages that the settled silt is merged into the growth substrates of the submerged plants and the shoreside emergent plants, the treatment process of settled sludge is avoided, the turbidity of the inlet water can be reduced by more than 70% by the primary purification unit designed based on the principle of the lateral inclined plate sedimentation tank, the tail water is fully reoxidized by the combination of the multi-stage water drop design and the overflow weir, and the method is lower in carbon and saves energy compared with aeration treatment.
Comparative example 2
The patent application with the application number of CN202011110601.X is named as a cultivation tail water treatment system, and the technical scheme is that the cultivation tail water treatment system comprises: the main circulating system is used for realizing the circulating flow of the culture water in the culture pond, the main circulating system comprises the primary filtering device, the protein separator, the first nitrification reaction biological filter, the sterilizing device and the oxygen increasing device which are sequentially connected in series along the flow direction of the culture tail water, the secondary filtering device is integrated at the water outlet end of the sterilizing device, the oxygen increasing device is used for increasing the dissolved oxygen in the culture tail water, and the water outlet of the oxygen increasing device is used for being connected with the circulating water inlet of the culture pond; the auxiliary system is used for realizing the circulating flow of the culture water in the first nitrification reaction biological filter, and comprises the first COD reaction biological filter, the second nitrification reaction biological filter and the denitrification reaction biological filter which are sequentially connected in series along the flow direction of the culture tail water, wherein the water inlet of the first COD reaction biological filter is connected with the circulating water outlet of the first nitrification reaction biological filter, and the water outlet of the denitrification reaction biological filter is connected with the circulating water inlet of the first nitrification reaction biological filter; wherein the flow rate of the circulating water of the main circulating system is greater than that of the circulating water of the auxiliary system.
Compared with the method, the inorganic nitrogen such as ammonia nitrogen can be removed, wherein the removal rate of the fiber filler to the ammonia nitrogen in the river water is more than 95%, the phosphorus content can be reduced through plant absorption, the removal rate of the stonewort to the total phosphorus in the water is 40-80% within 30 days, and the removal rate of the reed to the total phosphorus in the water can reach more than 90%.
Comparative example 3
The patent application with the application number of CN202110267509.2 and the name of a multistage constructed wetland breeding tail water treatment system comprises the following technical scheme: including catch basin, primary treatment pond, secondary treatment pond, tertiary treatment pond and level four treatment ponds, the catch basin with the primary treatment pond passes through sewage inlet tube intercommunication, sewage inlet tube towards the one end of catch basin is provided with sewage grid, its characterized in that: the fishing device also comprises a fishing mechanism, a driving mechanism and a conveying mechanism; the sewage grid is semicircular, and the included angle between the grid surface of the sewage grid and the horizontal plane is alpha, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees; the salvaging mechanism is used for salvaging the waste on the sewage grating; the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the power of the driving mechanism to the fishing mechanism; the driving mechanism is used for converting wind energy into kinetic energy and transmitting power to the transmission mechanism.
Comparative example 4
The patent application with the application number of CN201910864782.6 and the name of a multistage aeration oxidation pond-gravel bed-constructed wetland tail water high-efficiency treatment system comprises the following technical scheme: the processing system comprises: the adjusting tank is connected with tail water to be treated; one end of the ecological oxidation pond, which enters water, is connected with the adjusting pond; the water inlet end of the ecological gravel bed is connected with the water outlet end of the ecological oxidation pond; the water inlet end of the high-efficiency vertical flow artificial wetland is connected with the water outlet end of the ecological gravel bed; and the water inlet end of the aeration clean water tank is connected with the water outlet end of the high-efficiency vertical-flow artificial wetland.
Compared with the comparative example 3 and the comparative example 4, the design of the stepped channel bottom shortens the distance between the stepped channel bottom and the surface of a water body, is beneficial to the transmission of oxygen, reduces the possibility of forming an anaerobic environment and reduces the emission of carbon.
Compared with the 4 comparative examples and the existing tail water treatment system arranged at the rear end of the culture pond, the invention utilizes partial river reach at the tail water inlet to be reformed, on one hand, the space is saved, on the other hand, the outlet water of the treatment system can be further purified, and simultaneously, the pollution impact load of untreated direct-discharge tail water on a main river channel can be buffered.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the invention are also within the scope of the present patent.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multistage normal position purification structure of drainage is bred to low carbon, includes the canal bottom of piling up by the concrete block, drainage estuary and main river course are bred in the joining of canal bottom, its characterized in that: a first-stage purification unit, a third-stage purification unit and a fourth-stage purification unit are sequentially constructed above the bottom of the channel from the side of a breeding drainage river inlet to the side of the main river channel, the first-stage purification unit and the channel between the left and right river banks of the first-stage purification unit form a second-stage purification unit, a first-stage overflow weir is arranged between the tail ends of the first-stage purification unit and the second-stage purification unit and between the tail ends of the third-stage purification unit and the front end of the fourth-stage purification unit, a second-stage overflow weir higher than the first-stage overflow weir is arranged between the third-stage purification unit and the fourth-stage purification unit, and the tail ends of the first-stage overflow weir, the second-stage overflow weir and the fourth-stage purification unit are higher than the river surface height of the main river channel; the canal bottom of one-level purifying unit is the notch cuttype canal bottom, is close to breed drainage income estuary one side and is the low level section, connects first-level overflow weir one side and is the high-order section, including at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal and locate at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal left and right side ladder canal on the horizontal direction at the bottom of the notch cuttype canal, along vertical staggered arrangement at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal and the side ladder canal, each ladder section at the bottom of the middle part ladder canal is equipped with towards the silt of the direction of intaking and holds back sloping wall I and with the structure of sinking that sloping wall I links up, the structure of sinking is built-in to pack rubble matrix and plants benthophyte wheel algae, each ladder section at the bottom of the side ladder canal is equipped with and holds back sloping wall II, originated in the bottom of the middle part ladder canal side and extend to the direction sloping wall of second grade purifying unit towards the silt of the direction of intaking.
2. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the included angles between the silt interception inclined wall I and the silt interception inclined wall II and the horizontal plane are 45 respectivelyo～60oThe included angle between the guide inclined wall and the horizontal plane is 30o～40o。
3. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the depth of the sinking structure of each step section at the bottom of the middle step channel is 20-25 cm, and the thickness of the filled gravel matrix is 5-10 cm.
4. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the height of each step section of the middle step channel bottom and the side step channel bottoms on the left side and the right side is 60-75 cm, the width of the initial step section of the side step channel bottoms on the left side and the right side is 120-150 cm, the width of the tail end step section is 40-50 cm, and the width of each step section of the middle step channel bottom and the width of the step section between the initial end and the tail end of the side step channel bottom is 80-100 cm.
5. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the second-level purification unit is 20-25 cm lower than the bottom of the low-level section of the first-level purification unit, and aquatic plant reeds are planted in the channel.
6. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the device comprises three levels of purification units, wherein the number of the three levels of purification units is one or more, an interstage overflow weir is arranged between every two levels of purification units, each three level of purification unit consists of a buffering sedimentation area and a deep purification area which is connected to the rear part of the buffering sedimentation area, a gravel matrix is filled at the bottom of a channel of the buffering sedimentation area, aquatic plant stonewort is planted at the bottom of the channel of the buffering sedimentation area, the bottom of the channel of the deep purification area is higher than that of the buffering sedimentation area, the bottom of the channel of the deep purification area inclines towards the buffering sedimentation area, combined fiber filler is fixed in the deep purification area, and the combined fiber filler faces towards the water inlet direction.
7. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the depth of the buffer sedimentation zone is 100-125 cm, the width of the buffer sedimentation zone is 80-100 cm, the depth of the deep purification zone is 75-90 cm, the width of the deep purification zone is 80-96 cm, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the channel of the deep purification zone and the horizontal plane is 30o～40o。
8. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the upper ends of the first-stage overflow weir, the second-stage overflow weir and the interstage overflow weir between two adjacent three-stage purification units are respectively provided with a sawtooth-shaped overflow structure, the height of the sawtooth-shaped overflow structure is 45cm, and the distance between the valley and the valley is 50 cm.
9. The low-carbon cultivation drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure of claim 1, wherein: the inside rubble matrix of filling of the canal bottom of level four purification unit is planted the ornamental plant loosestrife that has purification performance, the canal bottom of level four purification unit is dark 20 ~ 25 cm.
10. The purification method of the low-carbon aquaculture drainage multi-stage in-situ purification structure as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, when culture drainage enters a river channel from a river mouth and passes through a primary purification unit, because the bottom of a middle stepped channel and the bottom of a lateral stepped channel of the primary purification unit are longitudinally staggered, the bottom of the middle stepped channel is provided with a silt interception inclined wall I, and the bottom of the lateral stepped channel is provided with a silt interception inclined wall II, the collision chance of the primary purification unit and silt in river water is increased, the silt intercepted by the primary purification unit slides to a secondary purification unit through a guide inclined wall at the bottom of the lateral stepped channel, a growth matrix is provided for aquatic plant reeds, bottom mud of the river channel is reduced, and the possibility of anaerobic methane production is reduced; the silt falling into the sinking structure at the bottom of the middle stepped channel becomes a growth substrate of the stoned plant stonewort, and the root system can fix the intercepted silt in the growth process of the plant and absorb and remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants;
secondly, the effluent of the first-stage purification unit and the effluent of the second-stage purification unit are converged and fall into a buffer sedimentation area of the third-stage purification unit through a first-stage overflow weir, and the effluent fully reoxidized in the water level rising and water falling processes provides an aerobic environment for the plants and aerobic microorganism activities of the third-stage purification unit; the buffering and settling zone can buffer the impact force of the water flowing out of the first-stage overflow weir, so that the falling of a biological film in the deep purification zone is avoided, and the photosynthesis of the aquatic plants, namely the stonewort in the buffering and settling zone can generate a large amount of oxygen, thereby further providing favorable conditions for the subsequent aerobic microorganism activities; the combined fiber filler fixed in the deep purification area is easy to hang a biological membrane, a formed microbial community plays a main function in removing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water, and meanwhile, the bottom of the deep purification area is inclined, so that the naturally falling biological membrane can be collected to the buffer sedimentation area, and the biological membrane is prevented from entering a main river channel along with water flow scouring;
thirdly, the effluent of the third-stage purification unit falls into a fourth-stage purification unit through a second-stage overflow weir, residual silt and fallen biological membranes in the water are further intercepted, the water quality is purified, and the purified river water falls into a main river channel through the tail end of the fourth-stage purification unit; when the inflow flow is large, the sawtooth structures of the first stage overflow weir, the second stage overflow weir and the interstage overflow weir fully shear the water flow, the part higher than the main river channel forms a drop head, the water body fluidity is enhanced, and the reoxygenation state of the river water is improved.
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