CN107585866A - An underwater sand-retaining ridge constructed with porous concrete and a method for intercepting and controlling algae - Google Patents

Abstract

An underwater sand-blocking ridge constructed with porous concrete and a method for intercepting and controlling algae, relating to the field of water body ecological restoration, adopts concrete blocks with internal porous characteristics to construct the discharge body of the sand-blocking ridge, and the main structure of the sand-blocking ridge is submerged in water below or at the same level as the normal water level, the main axis is parallel to the shore or there is an angle between the shore and not connected to the shore, and the rows are closely connected or formed into a groove shape, horseshoe shape or T-shape. Aquatic plants or wet plants are planted on the row body or in the groove between the row bodies and in the waters between the sand-blocking ridge and the bank, and gravel and aquatic plant seeds are spread in the water between the sand-blocking ridge and the bank, so that the aquatic plants Breeding, stocking or natural growth of filter-feeding fish such as silver carp and bighead carp in the transition area between the sand-blocking ridge and the shore. The invention integrates the interception and control of algae, wave dissipation and beach maintenance, waterscape construction, biodiversity conservation and water quality purification, and provides new ideas for interception and control of algae, shore stability, wave dissipation and landscape waterscape construction.

Description

An underwater sand-retaining ridge constructed of porous concrete and a device for intercepting and controlling algae method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of natural or artificial water bodies on the surface, in particular to an underwater sand-retaining ridge constructed with porous concrete and a method for intercepting and controlling algae.

Background technique

Underwater sand barrier is a commonly used structure for shore wave dissipation and protection. However, traditional underwater sand barrier does not fully consider the functions of intercepting and controlling algae, waterscape construction, biodiversity conservation, and water purification. , and most of them are built with riprap, piles (steel piles, wooden piles or cement piles) or ordinary concrete, which is not conducive to the conservation of biodiversity in shore areas or landscape water bodies, and the effect of intercepting and controlling algae is weak.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the traditional underwater sand barrier, the present invention provides a multifunctional underwater sand barrier, which is used to intercept and control algae, shore maintenance and landscape water landscape construction, and improve the quality of the shore area or landscape water body. Water quality and biodiversity. In the present invention, the main axis direction is parallel to the shore or there is an angle between the shore and not connected to the shore, and the main structure is submerged under water or flush with the constant water level to intercept and control algae, reduce wave energy and protect Shore structures.

The technical solution of the present invention is to adopt the concrete block with internal porous characteristics, that is, the porous concrete block (single independent structure of porous concrete), to construct the row body of the underwater sand-holding ridge (single independent structure of the underwater sand-holding ridge) . The ingredients of the porous concrete are cement, gravel and water, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:8:0.3-0.4. The particle size of the gravel in the porous concrete batching is 20-30mm. The concrete block is processed into a block structure with internal pores, and the top and bottom of the block are opened into shallow grooves, which are convenient for placing planting soil and seeds of aquatic plants or wet plants. The plane projection shape of a single porous concrete block is triangle, rectangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, octagon and circle. Porous concrete blocks are arranged next to each other or inlaid to form rows. The plane projection shape of the row body is linear, streamlined, arc-shaped, and curved. The profile of the longitudinal section (perpendicular to the shore) of the row body is trapezoidal or bell-shaped, which can better dissipate energy and reduce wave impact. In the direction of the transverse axis (parallel to the bank), the rows of bodies are next to each other, or there are gaps. There is no limit to the number of row bodies in the direction of the longitudinal axis (vertical shore direction), and they are next to each other or built into groove-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or T-shaped structures. In the setting area of the underwater sand-blocking ridge, it is necessary to excavate a foundation area first, lay geotextile as a cushion, then put the porous concrete blocks in order, and pile gravel on both sides of the constructed sand-blocking ridge. The discharge body of the lower sand-blocking ridge plays a protective role. Sprinkle planting soil in the upper groove of the underwater sand barrier ridge, then the seeds of aquatic plants or wet plants, and then sprinkle planting soil as protection. The straight-line distance between the sand-blocking ridge and the shore is 2m to 2km. Stack gravel in the transitional area between the sand barrier and the bank, sprinkle planting soil, selectively plant landscape plants or aquatic plants or wet plants, or plant plants in the transitional area, or do not plant plants, let them Natural reproduction of aquatic plants. The role of planting aquatic plants or wet plants on the underwater sand barrier ridge is to produce landscape effects on the one hand, and to further dissipate waves and energy on the other hand, and to effectively intercept and control algae to create a still water for the shore area. environment, so that other aquatic plants can naturally multiply on the silt settled therein. The selection of aquatic plants or wet plants should meet the functional, environmental and management needs of wave breaking and revetment. The species are submerged plants, floating plants or emergent plants, or hygrophytes. In areas with strong wind and waves, the rows of underwater sand ridges are designed to leave grooves between each other in the longitudinal direction, in which appropriate amount of gravel and planting soil are placed, and then aquatic plants or wet plant seeds are scattered to prevent planting. The seeds of soil and aquatic plants or wet plants are washed by water. The grooves and gaps left in the underwater sand-barrier ridge provide nests and shelters for aquatic organisms such as fish, and filter-feeding fish such as silver carp and bighead carp are stocked or naturally grown in the transition zone between the underwater sand-barrier ridge and the shore class, to further effectively control the purpose of algae. To sum up, relying on the sand-blocking ridge itself or on it, the area between the sand-blocking ridge and the shore, or the plants growing therebetween can better intercept and control the algae in the water. The shore area where the underwater sand barrier is constructed gradually becomes a biologically diverse environment, which also plays a role in purifying the water quality. By constructing underwater sand-blocking ridge groups in the shore area or landscape water body, the purpose of reducing waves and strengthening the shore and strengthening the construction of waterscapes can be achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a single underwater sand-blocking ridge. From left to right, they are linear, streamlined, and arc-shaped. The specific building shapes are determined according to different shore landform structures, landscape requirements, and hydrodynamics.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal and vertical arrangement of the row bodies of the underwater sand retaining ridge. The rows of underwater sand-blocking ridges are arranged in a single row or multiple rows in the vertical direction (longitudinal) to the bank, and the rows are closely connected, or gaps are left to form grooves between the rows. The row bodies of the underwater sand retaining ridge are closely connected with each other or leave gaps in the direction parallel to the bank (transverse direction).

Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section view from the underwater sand retaining ridge to the shore. On both sides of the underwater sand-blocking ridge, and on the bottom between the underwater sand-blocking ridge and the shore, crushed stones are laid to prevent the bottom from resuspension under the action of waves and currents, and to increase the number of aquatic plants or wet growth. The strength of plant roots on the substrate.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are schematic longitudinal sections of the underwater sand-blocking ridge. Figure 4 is a single row, and Figure 5 is a double row. Aquatic plants or wet plants are planted on the top of the underwater sand-blocking ridge and in the groove between the row bodies, so as to achieve the purpose of intercepting and controlling algae, landscaping and water purification.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below with examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

In urban landscape water bodies, such as city parks, hotel pools, square fountains, etc., underwater sand barriers constructed of porous concrete are used to create diverse landscapes. Since the effects of wind, waves and currents in urban water bodies are generally small, the appearance and shape of the underwater sand barrier ridge are designed to be complex and changeable. The reference size of a single porous concrete block: 50cm×50cm×10cm; the size of a single row is variable and should be adapted to local conditions; the block spacing is 0-2cm; if there are multiple rows, the row spacing is 0-50cm. Wedge-shaped slopes are piled up with crushed stones on both sides of the row body of the underwater sand-blocking ridge to protect the row body. On the row body of the underwater sand-blocking ridge, water spinach, weed, micro-dentate eye vegetable, hornwort algae, hydrilla, canna, water bamboo, etc. are selectively planted. When planting, mix the planting soil additives, grass seeds and local topsoil to make a thick slurry containing grass seeds, and pour it into the groove of the concrete block with a mortar pump. After the plants are alive, their roots reach the underside of the block through the pores of the concrete. Planting soil additives contain a variety of fertilizers to support the early germination and growth needs of plants. At the same time, they also contain polyamide and other ingredients that can improve the ability of planting soil to resist water erosion. After the aquatic plants grow above the underwater sand-barrier ridge constructed of porous concrete, these plants and the sand-barrier ridge can effectively control the algae in the water body they protect, so that the algae are not between the sand-barrier ridge and the shore. Large emergent plants or submerged plants can effectively control algae, and filter-feeding fish such as silver carp and bighead carp between the sand-blocking ridge and the shore can effectively graze and control the reproduction of algae.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of underwater silt ridge built with porous concrete, described feature is, adopt the concrete block body with inner porous feature to build the row body of underwater silt ridge, the main structure of silt ridge is submerged in water or It is flush with the constant water level, the main axis direction is parallel to the bank or there is an angle between the bank and not connected to the bank, above the row body or in the groove between the row bodies, and in the water area between the sand barrier ridge and the bank Plant aquatic or wet plants. 2. The underwater sand-retaining ridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the ingredients of the porous concrete used are cement, gravel, and water, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:8:0.3-0.4. 3. The underwater sand-retaining ridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of the batching gravel of the porous concrete used is 20-30 mm. 4. The underwater sand retaining ridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the planar projection shape of the block of porous concrete used is triangle, rectangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, circle , the planar projection shape of the row body is linear, streamlined, arc-shaped, curved, the blocks are arranged close to each other or inlaid, the rows are closely connected or formed into a groove-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or T-shaped structure, and a single row The longitudinal profile of the body is trapezoidal or bell-shaped. 5. The underwater sand-retaining ridge according to claim 1, characterized in that gravel is laid on both sides of the underwater sand-retaining ridge, the transition zone between the underwater sand-retaining ridge and the bank. 6. The underwater silt-retaining ridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, on the row body of the underwater silt-retaining ridge, in the grooves between the row bodies, the planting soil and aquatic plants or Seeds of wet plants, stack gravel and sprinkle planting soil in the transition area between the underwater sand barrier and the shore, and selectively plant landscape plants or aquatic plants or wet plants. The type of selected aquatic plants is floating Leafy plants, submerged or emergent plants, or wet plants. 7. A method for intercepting and controlling algae with porous concrete construction underwater silt ridge, said method adopts the underwater silt ridge constructed with porous concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, relying on silt retention The ridge itself or the area between the sand-blocking ridge and the bank or the plants growing therebetween intercept and control the algae in the water.