CN114248018A - Ultra-fast laser cutting method and system for green light of photovoltaic panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for cutting a photovoltaic panel by green light ultrafast laser, which comprises the following steps: 1) placing a photovoltaic panel on an operation table; 2) a laser is arranged on one side of the operating platform; 3) laser emitted by a laser device sequentially passes through a shaping light path, a light beam transmission light path and a laser cutting head and is focused on the surface of a photovoltaic panel on an operation table; 4) the cutting of the photovoltaic panel is accomplished by controlling the travel of the laser beam at the axis X, Y, Z of the photovoltaic panel surface. The laser cutting method realizes the cutting of the photovoltaic panel by the ultrafast laser vaporization material with high single pulse energy, the consistency of the processing process is good, the line width precision of the cutting can be controlled to be 1-10 microns, and the cutting precision is higher.

Description

Ultra-fast laser cutting method and system for green light of photovoltaic panel

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a method and a system for ultrafast laser cutting of green light of a photovoltaic panel.

Background

With the increasing maturity of photovoltaic technology, photovoltaic panels are also used in many fields, such as the field of solar power for users, the traffic field, the communication/telecommunication field, the petroleum, ocean, meteorological field, and so on. The nondestructive scribing of the photovoltaic panel and the back panel cutting belong to one of the processes of the photovoltaic panel manufacturing process. Traditional harmless scribing and backplate cutting are all accomplished by the manual work, and not only production efficiency is low like this, the effect is difficult to guarantee, and the multilayer material of photovoltaic board constitutes the structure and still can cause the difficulty for manual operation moreover. Later, laser cutting technology is introduced into the solar energy field, solar panel laser cutting machines are appeared on the market, the problems of low production efficiency, difficult manual operation and the like are solved, and the cutting effect of products is greatly improved.

However, since the solar panel is formed by laminating multiple layers of different materials, when the photovoltaic panel is cut by laser, the notch of the product is easily uneven, the cutting line is wide, and even the product is difficult to completely cut off at one time, so that the quality of the cutting surface is low, the loss rate of the photovoltaic panel is high, and the luminous efficiency and the quality of the photovoltaic panel at the later stage are affected.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a laser cutting process with complete cutting, precise cutting and narrower cutting line width to meet the most urgent needs of the market.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for cutting a photovoltaic panel by using green-light ultrafast laser, wherein the cutting line width precision can be controlled to be 1-10 micrometers, and the cutting precision is higher.

The invention provides a photovoltaic panel green light ultrafast laser cutting method, which comprises the following steps:

1) placing the photovoltaic panel on an operation table, wherein the operation table can drive the photovoltaic panel to move along a preset path;

2) a laser is arranged on one side of the operating platform and can emit frequency-locked single pulse with uniform energy; the emission frequency of the laser is a certain value between 100KHz and 1 MHz; the energy of single pulses emitted by the laser is 10uJ-100uJ, and the energy difference between the single pulses is less than or equal to +/-5%.

3) Laser emitted by a laser sequentially passes through a shaping light path, a light beam transmission light path and a laser cutting head and is focused on the surface of the photovoltaic panel on the operating platform;

4) the cutting of the photovoltaic panel is accomplished by controlling the movement of the laser beam in the axis of the photovoltaic panel surface X, Y, Z and the speed of travel of the laser beam.

Further, in step 2), the laser is an all-solid-state picosecond laser.

Furthermore, the laser has a window light spot of 1-3mm and a divergence angle of 0.5-1.5 mrad.

Further, in step 2), the single pulse width is 1-15 ps.

Further, in the step 3), the transmission distance of the light beam transmission optical path is 200-1000 mm.

Further, in the step 3), the shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with a magnification of 1 to 8 times.

Further, in the step 2), the laser wavelength emitted by the laser is set to be 532 +/-5 nm; the advancing speed of the laser facula is 1-500 mm/s.

The invention also provides a system for realizing the ultra-fast laser cutting method of the green light of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the system comprises an operation table, an optical path system and an electrical control cabinet, and the optical path system and the electrical control cabinet are arranged on one side of the operation table;

the optical path system comprises an ultrafast laser, a shaping optical path, a beam transmission optical path and a laser cutting head;

the operating platform is provided with an XY moving platform, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly clamped on the XY moving platform;

the system comprises an electrical control cabinet, an X-ray source, a laser cutting head and a power supply, wherein an ultrafast laser and a controller are arranged in the electrical control cabinet, the upper part of the electrical control cabinet is communicated with a light path box, the other end of the light path box is connected with the laser cutting head, and the laser cutting head is arranged above an XY moving platform;

the laser is connected with a computer controller provided with laser cutting system software through a data line, the computer controller inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals to the laser, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls a light path system and an operation table to complete laser cutting of the photovoltaic panel.

And a lifting mechanism is arranged below the light path box.

The frequency-locked uniform energy single-pulse ultrafast laser provided by the invention has the working mode of the ultrafast laser that the uniform energy single-pulse is periodically output under the locking frequency.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention is based on the locking ultrafast laser cutting method with high repetition frequency, single pulse work, high single pulse energy and high single pulse energy consistency, cuts the photovoltaic panel, has good photon pulse energy consistency, and has hyperfine cutting size, the cutting line width precision can be controlled between 1 micron and 10 microns in the processing application field of the photovoltaic panel, and the cutting precision is higher.

2. According to the laser cutting method, the high-energy single pulse output by the laser is unique in time domain, the specific position point acting on the photovoltaic panel is very accurate, the laser cannot drift in space, and the cutting precision is further improved.

3. The cutting method has the advantages of short processing time, high photon resolution, almost no missing point and accurate time sequence matching.

4. The method realizes cutting by the ultrafast laser vaporization material processing surface with high single pulse energy, but not by the action of melting by heat, so that the method hardly has the phenomena of a heat affected zone, and the processing surface hardly has slag adhering, cracks, edge breakage and the like.

5. Under the irradiation of the ultrafast laser equipment with high single-pulse energy consistency, the surface of a workpiece is clear and bright, repeated irradiation is avoided, the consistency of the surface appearance of the material after processing is high, and the characteristic parameters of the material are hardly changed.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a green-light ultrafast laser cutting system of a photovoltaic panel according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a light path box of the ultra-fast laser cutting system for green light of the photovoltaic panel in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the effect of cutting a photovoltaic panel according to the method of the present invention;

wherein: 1-an electrical control cabinet, 2-an optical path box, 21-a laser, 22-a shaping optical path and 23-a light beam transmission optical path; 231-a reflector group, 232-a single reflector, 3-a laser cutting head, 4-an operation table, 5-a transverse slide rail, 6-a moving platform, 7-a longitudinal slide rail, 8-a support frame, 9-a photovoltaic panel, 10-a clamping device, 11-a lifting mechanism, 12-a controller, 13-an optical system and 14-a laser bearing box.

Detailed Description

The following describes a method and a system for cutting a photovoltaic panel by using green ultra-fast laser, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel green light ultrafast laser cutting method, which comprises the following steps:

1) placing the photovoltaic panel 9 on an operation table 4, wherein the operation table 4 can drive the photovoltaic panel 9 to move along a preset path;

2) a laser 21 is arranged on one side of the operating platform 4, and the laser is an ultrafast laser capable of emitting frequency-locked uniform energy single pulses; the emission frequency of the laser is a certain value between 100KHz and 1 MHz; the energy of single pulses emitted by the laser is 10uJ-100uJ, and the energy difference between the single pulses is less than or equal to +/-5%.

3) Laser emitted by a laser device sequentially passes through a shaping light path 22, a light beam transmission light path 23 and a laser cutting head 3 and is focused on the surface of a photovoltaic panel 9 on an operation table 4;

4) the cutting of the photovoltaic panel is completed by controlling the running of the beam of the laser cutting head 3 on the X, Y, Z axis on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 9.

As an embodiment of the invention, the emission frequency of the laser is a certain value between 200KHz and 800 KHz; preferably 200KHz-600 KHz; more preferably 300KHz to 500 KHz.

As an embodiment of the invention, the laser emits a single pulse of energy, preferably between 20uJ and 80 uJ; more preferably 30uJ to 60 uJ.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission distance of the light beam transmission optical path 23 is 200-1000 mm; preferably 300-; more preferably 500 and 800 mm.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the shaping optical path 22 is a beam expanding optical path with an amplification factor of 1 to 8 times; preferably, the shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with the magnification of 2-6 times; more preferably, the shaped optical path is a beam-expanding optical path with a magnification of 5 times.

Step (4) of the invention is to input the laser parameter and the preset path into the control system; the control system controls the laser to start emitting laser according to laser parameters, the movement of the laser beam X, Y, Z shaft and the advancing speed of the laser beam on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 5, and controls the operation table to drive the photovoltaic panel to move along a preset path, so that the surface cutting of the photovoltaic panel is completed.

The invention also provides a system for realizing the method for cutting the photovoltaic panel green light ultrafast laser, wherein the system comprises an operation table 4, a light path system 13 and an electric control cabinet 1, and the light path system 13 and the electric control cabinet 1 are arranged on one side of the operation table 4;

the optical path system 13 comprises an ultrafast laser 21, a shaping optical path 22, a beam transmission optical path 23 and a laser cutting head 3;

an XY moving platform 6 is arranged on the operating platform 4, and a photovoltaic panel 9 is fixedly clamped on the XY moving platform 6;

the system comprises an electrical control cabinet 1, an ultrafast laser 21, a controller 12, a light path box 2, a laser cutting head 3 and an XY moving platform 6, wherein the ultrafast laser 21 and the controller 12 are arranged in the electrical control cabinet 1, the upper part of the electrical control cabinet 1 is communicated with the light path box 2, the other end of the light path box 2 is connected with the laser cutting head 3, and the laser cutting head 3 is arranged above the XY moving platform 6;

the laser 21 is connected with a computer controller 12 provided with laser cutting system software through a data line, the computer controller inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals to the laser 21, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls the optical path system 13 and the operating platform 4 to complete laser cutting of the photovoltaic panel.

Example 1

The cutting method comprises the following steps:

1) fixing the photovoltaic panel 9 on an XY moving platform of the operating platform 4 through a clamping device 10;

2) setting laser parameters of an all-solid-state picosecond laser 21 on one side of an operation table 4, and inputting the action track of the photovoltaic panel 9 on the XY moving platform 6 into a controller 12 of the electric control cabinet 1; wherein the wavelength of the all-solid-state picosecond laser 21 is 532 +/-5 nm; the emission frequency is 150 KHz; the energy of the emitted single pulse is 70uJ, the width of the single pulse is 15ps, and the consistency of the energy of the single pulse is less than or equal to +/-5%; the window light spot of the all-solid-state picosecond laser is 2mm, the divergence angle is 1.1mrad, and the advancing speed of the laser light spot is 500 mm/s.

(3) The controller of the electric control cabinet 1 starts the all-solid-state picosecond laser 21 to emit laser according to laser parameters, and controls the XY moving platform 6 to drive the photovoltaic panel 9 to follow a preset action track, so that the cutting operation is completed.

The system structure for implementing the laser cutting method of the embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, comprises an electrical control cabinet 1, an operation table 4 and an all-solid-state picosecond laser 21; the electrical control cabinet 1 is arranged on the right side of the operating platform 4, an XY moving platform is arranged on the operating platform 4, the electrical control cabinet 1 is provided with a lifting mechanism 11, the lifting mechanism 11 is connected with the first end of the horizontally arranged light path box 2, and the lifting mechanism 11 can drive the light path box 2 to move up and down; the photovoltaic panel 9 is fixedly clamped on the XY moving platform 6;

the XY moving platform 6 comprises a transverse slide rail 5 arranged in the X-axis direction on the operating platform 4, the transverse slide rail 5 is connected with the moving platform 6 in a sliding manner, and the moving platform 6 moves transversely along the transverse slide rail 5; a longitudinal slide rail 7 arranged on the Y axis is arranged on the moving platform 6, a support frame 8 is connected on the longitudinal slide rail 7 in a sliding manner, the support frame 8 moves longitudinally along the longitudinal slide rail 7, a clamping device 10 is arranged on the support frame 8, and the clamping device 10 is used for clamping and fixing a photovoltaic panel 9 horizontally arranged on the support frame 8;

the second end of the light path box 2 extends to the upper part of the XY moving platform, and a shaping light path 22 and a light beam transmission light path 23 are arranged in the light path box 2; the laser cutting head 3 is arranged on the lower side of the second end of the light path box 2;

wherein, the shaping optical path 22 is a beam expanding optical path with 5 times of magnification; the transmission distance of the light beam transmission light path 23 is 600mm, and the light beam transmission light path 23 comprises a reflecting mirror group 231 and a single reflecting mirror 232 which are oppositely arranged and change the transmission direction of the light path; the laser cutting head 3 has a focusing function and focuses laser on the photovoltaic panel 9 below;

a controller 12 is arranged in the electric control cabinet 1, the controller 12 is respectively connected with the all-solid-state picosecond laser 21 and the XY moving platform 6, the laser output of the all-solid-state picosecond laser 21 is controlled, and the XY moving platform 6 moves the photovoltaic panel 9 according to a preset path;

the controller in the electrical control cabinet 1 is further connected with the lifting mechanism 11, and is used for controlling the lifting operation of the lifting mechanism 11. The lifting mechanism 11 can adjust the distance between the laser cutting head 3 and the photovoltaic panel 9, and has the function of focusing.

In the present invention, the lifting mechanism 11 may be a cylinder or a lead screw structure, or any one of the structures disclosed in the prior art that can have the same function.

The photo of the photovoltaic panel cutting effect is shown in fig. 3.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A method for cutting a photovoltaic panel by green light ultrafast laser is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) placing the photovoltaic panel on an operation table, wherein the operation table can drive the photovoltaic panel to move along a preset path;

2) a laser is arranged on one side of the operating platform and can emit frequency-locked single pulse with uniform energy; the emission frequency of the laser is a certain value between 100KHz and 1 MHz; the energy of single pulses emitted by the laser is 10uJ-100uJ, and the energy difference between the single pulses is less than or equal to +/-5%.

3) Laser emitted by a laser device sequentially passes through a shaping light path, a light beam transmission light path and a laser cutting head and is focused on the surface of a photovoltaic panel on an operation table;

4) and the cutting of the photovoltaic panel is completed by controlling the traveling of the laser cutting head beam on the X, Y, Z axis of the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the laser is an all-solid-state picosecond laser.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser has a window spot of 1-3mm and a divergence angle of 0.5-1.5 mrad.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the transmission distance of the light beam transmission path is 200-1000 mm.

5. The cutting method of the green-light ultrafast laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step 3), said shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with a magnification of 1-8 times.

6. The green-light ultrafast laser cutting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step 4), the single pulse width is 1-15 ps.

7. The ultrafast laser cutting method of green light as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in the step 4), the laser wavelength emitted from the laser is set to 532 ± 5 nm; the beam advancing speed of the laser cutting head is 1-500 mm/s.

8. The system for realizing the green light ultrafast laser cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises an operation table, an optical path system and an electric control cabinet, the optical path system and the electric control cabinet are arranged on one side of the operation table;

the optical path system comprises an ultrafast laser, a shaping optical path, a beam transmission optical path and a laser cutting head;

the operating platform is provided with an XY moving platform, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly clamped on the XY moving platform;

the system comprises an electrical control cabinet, an X-ray source, a laser cutting head and a power supply, wherein an ultrafast laser and a controller are arranged in the electrical control cabinet, the upper part of the electrical control cabinet is communicated with a light path box, the other end of the light path box is connected with the laser cutting head, and the laser cutting head is arranged above an XY moving platform;

the laser is connected with a computer controller provided with laser cutting system software through a data line, the computer controller inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals to the laser, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls a light path system and an operation table to complete laser cutting of the photovoltaic panel.

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