CN114223668A - Foliage resistance and control agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foliage resistance and control agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114223668A CN114223668A CN202111599319.7A CN202111599319A CN114223668A CN 114223668 A CN114223668 A CN 114223668A CN 202111599319 A CN202111599319 A CN 202111599319A CN 114223668 A CN114223668 A CN 114223668A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of resistance control agent materials, and particularly discloses a leaf surface resistance control agent and a preparation method thereof. The foliage retardant comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of a silicon-containing compound, 10-15 parts of a coating modifier and 60-80 parts of water; the coating modifier comprises compound sugar alcohol, fulvic acid and n-hexadecanol, and the mass ratio of the compound sugar alcohol to the fulvic acid to the n-hexadecanol is 1: 3-5: 8. The preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, dissolving; s2, chelating; and S3, dispersing. The formula of the foliage resistance and control agent is optimized, and silicified cells are formed by selecting the silicon-containing compound, so that the enrichment of heavy metal ions is effectively adsorbed and blocked, and the enrichment of the heavy metal ions in crops is relieved; meanwhile, the crops form silicified cells after absorbing silicon, so that the cell wall strength is improved, the lodging resistance, disease and insect resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance, dry hot air resistance and low temperature resistance are enhanced, and the storage and transportation resistance of the harvested products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of resistance control agent materials, in particular to a leaf surface resistance control agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the heavy metal prevention and control of crops face some challenges. Firstly, heavy metal pollution is concealed, harm is delayed, the absorption accumulation and tolerance capacity of heavy metal of different crop varieties are different, and for some crops, the heavy metal slightly pollutes and promotes the growth of the crops, so that the condition of the heavy metal accumulation in agricultural products cannot be judged by the growth condition of the crops, and the heavy metal pollution treatment is generally carried out on the crops by adopting passivation treatment at present. The leaves are the most important nutrient organs outside roots of crops, can absorb exogenous substances and transport the nutrient substances to various parts. Therefore, the leaves are usually used as the main part of the passivation treatment of heavy metal pollution of crops at present, and the heavy metal treatment is carried out on the crops through the leaf surface control agent.
Silicon is one of the most common elements in crops, can increase the leaf area, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of crops, improve the activity of root system protection enzyme and the specific gravity of exchange-state heavy metal in free space, reduce the permeability of cell membranes and the damage of free radicals to the cell membranes, and further inhibit the absorption and the transportation of rice to cadmium to relieve the toxicity of the cadmium, so that the silicon-containing leaf surface control agent is widely used.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that in the existing scheme of applying a controlling agent to the foliage of crops, the retention time of a silicon-containing compound in the controlling agent for the foliage is not good, so that the action time of the controlling agent for the foliage is short, and the passivation effect of the silicon compound in the controlling agent for the foliage on heavy metal ions is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the existing foliage resistance and control agent has poor resistance and control performance on heavy metal ions in crops, the application provides the foliage resistance and control agent and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a foliar retarding and controlling agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a foliage resistance control agent comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of a silicon-containing compound; 10-15 parts of a coating modifier; 60-80 parts of water; the coating modifier comprises compound sugar alcohol, fulvic acid and n-hexadecanol, and the mass ratio of the compound sugar alcohol to the fulvic acid to the n-hexadecanol is 1: 3-5: 8.
By adopting the technical scheme, the formula of the foliage resistance and control agent is optimized, on one hand, the foliage spraying of crops by the silicon-containing compound can be quickly absorbed by rice, silicified cells are formed in the rice epidermis, stems, leaf sheaths and vascular tissues, and a negatively charged chelate is formed with hemicellulose on cell walls, so that the enrichment of heavy metal ions is effectively adsorbed and blocked; meanwhile, crops form silicified cells after absorbing silicon, so that the cell wall strength is improved, the opening and closing of leaf surface pores and water transpiration are effectively regulated, the lodging resistance, disease and insect resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance, dry hot air resistance and low temperature resistance are enhanced, and the storage and transportation resistance of the harvested products is improved.
On this basis, this application is through optimizing the material of cladding modifier, through compound sugar alcohol and fulvic acid as modified material, on the one hand, fulvic acid stimulates the root system to grow, through making the leaf gas pocket aperture reduce, reduces transpiration intensity, maintains plant moisture. Improve the retention time of the silicon-containing compound on the leaf surfaces of crops and reduce the effect of the silicon-containing compound lost in the air due to transpiration. On the other hand, the composite sugar alcohol effectively forms a coating film on the leaves of crops, and the stable dispersing performance of the silicon-containing compound on the leaves of the crops is improved. Thereby improving the absorption performance of the silicon-containing compound without influencing the opening degree of air holes and further improving the defect that the prior foliage resistance and control agent has poor resistance and control performance on heavy metal ions in crops.
Preferably, the complex sugar alcohol comprises one or more of sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, maltitol and erythritol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the composite sugar alcohol with optimized components and the silicon-containing compound form a good complex structure to form a stable complex, and the defect that a single silicon-containing compound is easy to run off is overcome. Silicon nutrients are carried by the formed complex structure to be rapidly transported in the phloem, so that the absorption and retention rate of the plants to the silicon is improved. Meanwhile, the formed complex structure can be uniformly expanded and covered on the whole blade, and the absorption area of the blade of the crop is increased, so that the defect that the resistance and control performance of the existing blade surface resistance and control agent on heavy metal ions in the crop is poor is further improved.
Preferably, the foliage resistance and control agent further comprises 10-15 parts by weight of a modified resistance and control material, wherein the modified resistance and control material comprises antioxidant polyphenol, and the antioxidant polyphenol comprises any one of kelp polyphenol or brown algae polyphenol.
When crops are stressed by heavy metal during growth, a large number of active oxygen free radicals are generated to react with normal cell structure composition substances, and the normal physiological and biochemical reactions of cells are destroyed. By adopting the technical scheme, the components of the foliage resistance and control agent are further optimized, the selected modified resistance and control material is seaweed antioxidant polyphenol substances, the modified resistance and control agent has excellent inoxidizability, and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups provide electrons or hydrogen, can react with free radicals and further react and combine with protein to inhibit the occurrence of peroxidation. The resistance of the plant is enhanced by the regulation of active oxygen free radicals and the stress of the active oxygen free radicals. On the basis, the antioxidant polyphenol substance has hydroxyl functional groups and can be directly chelated with heavy metal ions. The upward transport of heavy metal ions is reduced, so that the heavy metal content in the fruits of the crops is reduced.
Preferably, the modified resistance control material further comprises bioactive peptide, and the mass ratio of the bioactive peptide to the antioxidant polyphenol is 6-8: 1.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application further optimizes the modified and hinders accuse material, prepare through having added bioactive peptide material, because bioactive peptide material can effectively promote the cell extension and the growth of crops, provide sufficient energy for its growth and reproduction, thereby promote crops after the growth effectively to improve the effect that the absorption of root rhizosphere secretion, precipitation and heavy metal take place the reaction, when effectively fixing heavy metal material, the crops of the reproduction of accelerating growth can utilize the metabolism of oneself, turn into the heavy metal matter in the soil volatile substance and release, thereby its accumulation in crops fruit inside has been reduced, effectively improved current blade surface and hindered the defect that the accuse can not be good of heavy metal ion in to crops accuse performance.
Preferably, the modified resistance control material is of a micro-emulsion structure, and is prepared by adopting the following scheme:
stirring and mixing bioactive polypeptide and deionized water, and collecting a mixed solution A through ultrasonic dispersion;
taking antioxidant polyphenol and deionized water, stirring and mixing, and collecting a mixed solution B through ultrasonic dispersion;
and (3) stirring and mixing the mixed solution A, the carrageenin and the mixed solution B, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried particles, adding the freeze-dried particles into a potassium bromide solution, stirring, mixing and standing to prepare the modified resistance control material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the scheme of the microemulsion structure is selected, the bioactive polypeptide and the antioxidant polyphenol material form a load, the hydrophobic groups in the system can be arranged more tightly after the antioxidant polyphenol and the bioactive polypeptide are combined, so that the modified control material of the microemulsion structure forms a stable coating film structure on the surface of the leaf surface, the retention time of the bioactive polypeptide and the antioxidant polyphenol on the leaf surface is effectively prolonged, and the defect that the resistance and control performance of the existing leaf surface control agent to heavy metal ions in crops is poor is overcome.
Preferably, the foliage resistance and control agent further comprises 25-40 parts by weight of a retention agent, wherein the retention agent comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of nano zirconia;
45-50 parts of water.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application technical scheme has added the detention agent in to the leaf surface resistance control agent, and nanometer zirconia has excellent specific surface area and surface activity in through the detention agent, through adsorbing silicon-containing compound, acts on the crops leaf surface as silicon-containing compound's carrier, prolongs the detention time and the effect time of silicon-containing compound at the crops leaf surface, improves the absorption effect of blade to silicon-containing compound material. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of the nano zirconia material can form acting force with hydrophobic organic substances on a wax layer of the blade to have strong adhesion, and the detention time of a silicon-containing compound on the surface of the blade is improved, so that the defect that the existing blade surface resistance and control agent has poor resistance and control performance on heavy metal ions in crops is further improved.
Preferably, the foliage resistance control agent further comprises 6-10 parts by weight of a penetration enhancer, wherein the penetration enhancer comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
45-80 parts of water;
0.2-0.3 parts of composite permease;
15-20 parts of diethyl suberate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the penetration enhancer is further added into the foliage resistance control agent, and because the plant cuticle membrane covers the surfaces of the plant leaves and the fruits, the outermost layer of the plant surface is covered by the film-shaped structure wax consisting of cutin and wax. The traditional scheme only singly adopts the surfactant active material to carry out modification treatment, but the surfactant active material is only single absorption on the crops surface, though can improve its infiltration effect at the initial stage of applying the leaf surface and hinder the accuse agent, but subsequent durability can not be good, so this application technical scheme is through the scheme that adopts enzymolysis treatment, adopt a small amount of enzyme to handle plant cuticle membrane, form the infiltration's of enzymolysis passageway on the cuticle membrane on the plant leaf surface, thereby effectively improve the effect of leaf surface and hinder the accuse agent to the blade, and then improve the not good defect of heavy metal ion resistance ability in current leaf surface hinders the accuse agent to crops.
Preferably, the composite permease comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of acetyl xylan esterase, 6-8 parts of serine esterase and 5-10 parts of xylanase.
By adopting the technical scheme, the composition type of the composite osmotic enzyme is optimized, the acetyl xylan esterase, the serine esterase and the xylanase are compounded, the compounded composite osmotic enzyme can effectively perform enzymolysis treatment on the cuticle membrane on the leaf surface of the plant, the problem of poor performance of a single enzyme material is solved, the acetyl xylan esterase and the serine esterase are used as alpha/beta hydrolase and are organically combined with the xylanase, the xylanase and the alpha/beta hydrolase have a synergistic effect when hydrolyzing the acetyl xylan, the alpha/beta hydrolase can generate a new xylanase action site on a main chain of the xylanase during hydrolysis, and similarly, the fracture of the main chain can provide a new action site for the alpha/beta hydrolase, so that the osmotic effect of the permeation enhancer material is improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a foliar retarding and controlling agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a foliage resistance and control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolution treatment: stirring and mixing water and a permeation enhancer in the formula, placing the mixture in a reactor, stirring and heating to 50-70 ℃, and collecting to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, chelating treatment: mixing the mixed solution, the modified control material, the silicon-containing compound, the composite sugar alcohol and the retention agent, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment;
s3, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stable load performance of the foliage resistance and control agent material is improved by effectively dissolving and chelating each component of the foliage resistance and control agent, and meanwhile, the foliage resistance and control agent after dispersion treatment has good dispersion performance, so that the foliage resistance and control agent can form a good dispersion system on the surface of the leaves of crops, and the resistance and control performance of the existing foliage resistance and control agent on heavy metal ions in the crops is further improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the formula of the foliage resistance and control agent is optimized, on one hand, the foliage of crops is sprayed by the selected silicon-containing compound, the foliage resistance and control agent can be quickly absorbed by rice, silicified cells are formed in the epidermis, stems, leaf sheaths and vascular tissues of the rice, and a chelate with negative electricity is formed with hemicellulose on cell walls, so that the enrichment of heavy metal ions is effectively adsorbed and blocked; meanwhile, crops form silicified cells after absorbing silicon, so that the cell wall strength is improved, the opening and closing of leaf surface pores and water transpiration are effectively regulated, the lodging resistance, disease and insect resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance, dry hot air resistance and low temperature resistance are enhanced, and the storage and transportation resistance of the harvested products is improved.
On this basis, this application is through optimizing the material of cladding modifier, through compound sugar alcohol and fulvic acid as modified material, on the one hand, fulvic acid stimulates the root system to grow, through making the leaf gas pocket aperture reduce, reduces transpiration intensity, maintains plant moisture. Improve the retention time of the silicon-containing compound on the leaf surfaces of crops and reduce the effect of the silicon-containing compound lost in the air due to transpiration. On the other hand, the composite sugar alcohol effectively forms a coating film on the leaves of crops, and the stable dispersing performance of the silicon-containing compound on the leaves of the crops is improved. Thereby improving the absorption performance of the silicon-containing compound without influencing the opening degree of air holes and further improving the defect that the prior foliage resistance and control agent has poor resistance and control performance on heavy metal ions in crops.
Secondly, the components of the foliage resistance and control agent are further optimized, the selected modified resistance and control material is seaweed antioxidant polyphenol substances, the modified resistance and control agent has excellent inoxidizability, and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups provide electrons or hydrogen, can react with free radicals and further react and combine with protein to inhibit the occurrence of peroxidation. The resistance of the plant is enhanced through the regulation and control of active oxygen free radicals and the sensitivity to the stress of the active oxygen free radicals. On the basis, the antioxidant polyphenol substance has hydroxyl functional groups and can be directly chelated with heavy metal ions. The upward transport of heavy metal ions is reduced, so that the heavy metal content in the fruits of the crops is reduced.
Thirdly, the modified control material is further optimized, the biologically active peptide material is added for preparation, the biologically active peptide material can effectively promote the cell elongation and growth of crops, and provides sufficient energy for the growth and reproduction of the crops, so that the crops after growth are promoted to effectively improve the effect that the adsorption and precipitation of root rhizosphere secretions react with heavy metals, the crops which grow and reproduce are accelerated to utilize the self-metabolism effect to convert the heavy metal substances in the soil into volatile substances and release the volatile substances while the heavy metal materials are effectively fixed, the accumulation of the volatile substances in the fruits of the crops is reduced, and the defect that the resistance and control performance of the existing leaf surface control agent on the heavy metal ions in the crops is poor is effectively overcome.
Fourthly, according to the technical scheme, by adopting an enzymolysis treatment scheme, acetyl xylan esterase, serine esterase and xylanase are compounded, the compounded composite osmotic enzyme can effectively perform enzymolysis treatment on a cuticle membrane of a plant leaf surface, the problem of poor performance of a single enzyme material is solved, the acetyl xylan esterase and the serine esterase are used as alpha/beta hydrolase and are organically combined with the xylanase, the xylanase and the alpha/beta hydrolase have a synergistic effect when hydrolyzing acetyl xylan, the alpha/beta hydrolase can generate a new xylanase action site on a main chain of the xylanase during hydrolysis, and similarly, the main chain can be broken to provide a new action site for the alpha/beta hydrolase, so that the osmosis effect of the permeation enhancer material is improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the embodiment of the present application, the selected apparatuses are as follows, but not limited thereto:
the instrument comprises the following steps: open type electric heating enamel reaction tank: DN-1000L, Henshui chemical plant manufacturing Co., Ltd; reverse osmosis water purification machine: BHRS0021, international water treatment technology ltd, buhui, beijing; a pulverizer: longevity hong yu salinization machinery equipment limited; an electronic balance: FA-1004, Shanghai Liangping Instrument Meter, Inc.; electric heating air blast drying oven: DHG-9203, Shanghai sperm macroexperimental facilities, Inc.; an acidimeter: PHS-3C 1-14/0.01, Shanghai Kangjie apparatus Co., Ltd.
Medicine preparation: potassium silicate: SiO 2264 percent, Beijing Western pool, European chemical industry Material sales Limited liability company;
the biological active peptide: zhengzhou Wangbo chemical products Co., Ltd., Cat # 6159;
kelp polyphenol: produced by Sienstanting biotechnology, Inc., the mass fraction is 30%;
brown algae polyphenols: produced by Shaanxi Sinot biotechnology limited company, the mass fraction is 98%.
Preparation example
Preparation of coating modifier
Preparation example 1
A coating modifier:
(1) putting 0.2kg of sorbitol, 0.3kg of xylitol, 0.5kg of mannitol, 3kg of fulvic acid and 8kg of n-hexadecanol in a stirring kettle, stirring, mixing and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min, and collecting the coating modifier 1.
Preparation example 2
A coating modifier:
(1) putting 0.2kg of maltitol, 0.3kg of erythritol, 0.5kg of mannitol, 4kg of fulvic acid and 8kg of n-hexadecanol in a stirring kettle, stirring, mixing and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min, and collecting the coating modifier 2.
Preparation example 3
A coating modifier:
(1) putting 0.2kg of maltitol, 0.3kg of erythritol, 0.3kg of mannitol, 0.2kg of maltitol, 5kg of fulvic acid and 8kg of n-hexadecanol into a stirring kettle, stirring, mixing and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min, and collecting to obtain a coating modifier 3.
Preparation example 4
A silicon-containing compound:
0.5kg of sodium silicate and 0.3kg of potassium silicate are mixed to prepare the silicon-containing compound 1.
Preparation example 5
A silicon-containing compound:
0.5kg of sodium silicate and 0.4kg of potassium silicate are mixed to prepare the silicon-containing compound 2.
Preparation example 6
A silicon-containing compound:
0.5kg of sodium silicate and 0.5kg of potassium silicate are mixed to prepare the silicon-containing compound 3.
Preparation example 7
A silicon-containing compound:
0.5kg of sodium silicate, 0.5kg of potassium silicate and 1kg of nano silica sol with the solid content of 15 percent are stirred and mixed to prepare the silicon-containing compound 4.
Preparation example 8
A modified barrier material 1:
mixing 0.6kg of bioactive polypeptide with 10kg of deionized water under stirring, and collecting a mixed solution A under ultrasonic dispersion at 200W; taking 0.1kg of brown algae polyphenol and 10kg of deionized water, stirring and mixing, and collecting a mixed solution B by ultrasonic dispersion under 200W; and (3) stirring and mixing the mixed solution A, 0.3kg of carrageenin and the mixed solution B, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried particles, adding the freeze-dried particles into a potassium bromide solution, stirring, mixing and standing to obtain the modified resistance control material 1.
Preparation example 9
A modified barrier material 2:
mixing 0.7kg of bioactive polypeptide with 10kg of deionized water under stirring, and collecting a mixed solution A under ultrasonic dispersion at 200W; stirring and mixing 0.33kg of kelp polyphenol with 10kg of deionized water, and collecting a mixed solution B by ultrasonic dispersion under 200W; and (3) stirring and mixing the mixed solution A, 0.3kg of carrageenin and the mixed solution B, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried particles, adding the freeze-dried particles into a potassium bromide solution, stirring, mixing and standing to prepare the modified resistance control material 2.
Preparation example 10
A modified resistance control material 3:
mixing 0.8kg of bioactive polypeptide with 10kg of deionized water under stirring, and collecting a mixed solution A under ultrasonic dispersion at 200W; taking 0.1kg of brown algae polyphenol and 10kg of deionized water, stirring and mixing, and collecting a mixed solution B by ultrasonic dispersion under 200W; and (3) stirring and mixing the mixed solution A, 0.3kg of carrageenin and the mixed solution B, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried particles, adding the freeze-dried particles into a potassium bromide solution, stirring, mixing and standing to prepare the modified resistance control material 3.
Preparation example 11
Retention agent
Taking 15kg of nano zirconia and 45kg of water, stirring and mixing, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, and collecting the retention agent 1.
Preparation example 12
Retention agent
And (3) taking 20kg of nano zirconia and 45kg of water, stirring and mixing, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, and collecting the retention agent 2.
Preparation example 13
Retention agent
Taking 25kg of nano zirconia and 45kg of water, stirring and mixing, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, and collecting the retention agent 3.
Preparation example 14
Composite permease 1
150g of acetyl xylan esterase, 60g of serine esterase and 50g of xylanase are stirred and mixed to prepare the composite permease 1.
Preparation example 15
Composite permease 2
And (3) taking 175g of acetylxylan esterase, 70g of serine esterase and 75g of xylanase, stirring and mixing to prepare the composite permease 2.
Preparation example 16
Composite permease 3
200g of acetyl xylan esterase, 80g of serine esterase and 100g of xylanase are stirred and mixed to prepare the composite permease 3.
Preparation example 17
Penetration enhancer 1
Mixing 45kg of water, 15kg of diethyl suberate and 0.2kg of compound permease 1 under stirring, standing for 3h, and collecting the permeation enhancer 1.
Preparation example 18
Penetration enhancer 2
63kg of water, 17.5kg of diethyl suberate and 0.25kg of compound permease 2 are taken to be stirred and mixed, and the mixture is kept stand for 3 hours and collected to obtain the permeation enhancer 2.
Preparation example 19
Penetration enhancer 3
80kg of water, 20kg of diethyl suberate and 0.3kg of compound permease 3 are taken to be stirred and mixed, and the mixture is kept stand for 3 hours and collected to obtain the permeation enhancer 3.
Examples
Example 1
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 2
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 25kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 12kg of coating modifier 1 and 70kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 3
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 30kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 15kg of coating modifier 1 and 80kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a silicon-containing compound, a coating modifier and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Examples 4 to 8
The difference between the leaf surface control agent and the embodiment 1 is that the mass of each component in the embodiments 4-8 is shown in the following table 1, and the rest preparation steps and preparation conditions are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
TABLE 1 Table of compositions of coating modifier and silicon-containing compound in foliage resistance control agent
Example 9
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 10
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 12kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 11
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 15kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 12
A foliar controlling agent is different from example 9 in that the modified controlling material 2 is used in place of the modified controlling material 1 in example 9, and the remaining preparation steps and preparation conditions are the same as those in example 9.
Example 13
A foliar controlling agent is different from example 9 in that the modified controlling material 3 is used in place of the modified controlling material 1 in example 9, and the remaining preparation steps and preparation conditions are the same as those in example 9.
Example 14
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 25kg of retention agent 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 15
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 32kg of retention agent 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 16
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 40kg of retention agent 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 17
A foliar feed additive differing from example 14 in that retention agent 2 was used in place of retention agent 1 in example 14, and the remaining production steps and production conditions were the same as those in example 14.
Example 18
A foliar feed additive differing from example 14 in that a retention agent 3 was used in place of the retention agent 1 in example 14, and the remaining production steps and production conditions were the same as those in example 14.
Example 19
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified barrier control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 25kg of retention agent 4, 6kg of permeation enhancer 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolution treatment: stirring and mixing water in the formula with the permeation enhancer 1, placing the mixture in a reactor, stirring and heating the mixture to 50 ℃, and collecting the mixture to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 20
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified barrier control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 25kg of retention agent 4, 8kg of permeation enhancer 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolution treatment: stirring and mixing water in the formula with the permeation enhancer 1, placing the mixture in a reactor, stirring and heating to 60 ℃, and collecting to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, chelating treatment: mixing a modified control material 1, a silicon-containing compound 1, a coating modifier 1, a retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 21
A foliage control agent comprises the following substances: 10kg of modified barrier control material 1, 20kg of silicon-containing compound 1, 10kg of coating modifier 1, 25kg of retention agent 4, 10kg of permeation enhancer 1 and 60kg of water;
a preparation method of a leaf surface control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolution treatment: stirring and mixing water in the formula with the permeation enhancer 1, placing the mixture in a reactor, stirring and heating the mixture to 70 ℃, and collecting the mixture to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, chelating treatment: mixing 1 modified control material 1, silicon-containing compound 1, coating modifier 1, retention agent 1 and water, and carrying out heat preservation chelation treatment at 55 ℃;
s2, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
Example 22
A foliar feed control agent which is different from example 19 in that the permeation enhancer 2 is used in place of the permeation enhancer 1 in example 19, and the remaining preparation steps and preparation conditions are the same as those in example 19.
Example 23
A foliar feed control agent which is different from example 19 in that the permeation enhancer 3 is used in place of the permeation enhancer 1 in example 19, and the remaining preparation steps and preparation conditions are the same as those in example 19.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A foliar feed control agent is different from example 1 in that no complex sugar alcohol is added to the coating modifier in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference of the foliage retardant from example 1 is that no fulvic acid is added to the coating modifier in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 3
A foliar feed control agent is different from example 1 in that no coating modifier is added in comparative example 3.
Performance test
(1) According to the standards of NY/T1972-2010 determination of content of sodium, selenium and silicon in water-soluble fertilizer, NY/T1973-2010 determination of content of water-insoluble substances and pH value in water-soluble fertilizer, NY/T1110-2010 determination of limited content of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead and chromium in water-soluble fertilizer and NY/T1117-2010 determination of content of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and chlorine in water-soluble fertilizer, the foliar resistance control agent prepared in the embodiment 1 of the application is detected, and the detection effect is shown in the following table 2;
table 2 table for testing performance of example 1
(2) Experiments are carried out on a certain rice planting area in Guihong Kong City in Guangxi in the period from 4 months to 10 months by using the foliar retarding and controlling agents prepared in the embodiments 1 to 23 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 of the application. The nutrients for the experimental soil tested are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 soil nutrient status Table
A fertilizing mode: on the basis of conventional fertilization, the fertilizer is sprayed once in three periods of a rice seedling stage, a tillering stage and a booting stage, 250mL of the fertilizer is applied to each mu, the fertilizer is diluted by 50-100 times and sprayed on leaf surfaces, and the application effect is better after four noons;
the seeds are harvested after normal growth for 10 months, the seeds are harvested by single threshing and single harvesting, the seeds are dried in the sun and weighed, and the harvest condition is counted, and the specific results are shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4 Rice biological traits Table
By combining the performance test tables of examples 1 to 23, comparative examples 1 to 3 and table 4, comparison can be found out that:
examples 1 to 8, examples 9 to 13, examples 14 to 18 and examples 19 to 23 were divided into four groups, and comparative examples 1 to 3 were comparative groups, and the following were compared:
(1) firstly, comparing the performances of the embodiments 1-8 with the performances of the comparative examples 1-3, and as can be seen from the data in table 4, the data of the embodiments 1-8 are obviously superior to the data of the comparative examples 1-3, which indicates that the technical scheme of the application optimizes the material for coating the modifier, and the composite sugar alcohol and fulvic acid are used as the modified material, on one hand, the application stimulates the root system to grow through the fulvic acid, reduces the transpiration strength by reducing the opening degree of pores of leaves, maintains the moisture of plants, improves the retention time of silicon-containing compounds on the leaf surfaces of crops, and reduces the effect of the silicon-containing compounds lost in the air due to the transpiration; on the other hand, the composite sugar alcohol effectively forms a coating film on the leaves of crops, and the stable dispersion performance of the silicon-containing compound on the leaves of the crops is improved, so that the absorption performance of the silicon-containing compound is improved while the opening degree of air holes is not influenced, and the defect that the heavy metal ions in the crops are not well controlled by the conventional leaf surface control agent is further improved.
(2) Comparing examples 9-13 with example 1, the data of examples 9-13 are significantly higher than the data of example 1, and since examples 9-13 further add modified control materials to the foliar control agents, it is demonstrated that the modified control materials selected in the technical scheme of the application are seaweed antioxidant polyphenols, and the resistance of plants is enhanced by the regulation and control of active oxygen radicals and the sensitivity to the stress of active oxygen radicals; and the biological active peptide material is added, so that the effect of the adsorption and precipitation of root rhizosphere secretion and the reaction of heavy metal are effectively improved for the crops after growth. Finally, the scheme of the microemulsion structure is selected, so that the modified resistance control material of the microemulsion structure forms a stable coating film structure on the surface of the leaf surface, the retention time of bioactive polypeptide and antioxidant polyphenol on the leaf surface is effectively prolonged, and the defect that the resistance control performance of the existing leaf surface resistance control agent on heavy metal ions in crops is poor is overcome.
(3) Comparing examples 14-18 with example 9, the data of examples 14-18 are significantly higher than the data of example 9, and as the retention agent is further added to the leaf surface resistance control agent in examples 14-18, it is demonstrated that the nano zirconia in the retention agent has huge specific surface area and surface activity, strong adsorption capacity, strong adhesion due to the acting force formed by the hydroxyl functional group on the surface and the hydrophobic organic substance in the wax layer of the leaf, and improved retention time of the silicon-containing compound on the leaf surface, thereby further improving the defect that the existing leaf surface resistance control agent has poor resistance to heavy metal ions in crops.
Meanwhile, comparing examples 19 to 23 with examples 14 to 18, it is seen from the data in table 4 that the data of examples 19 to 23 are more excellent than the data of examples 14 to 18, and it is described that the technical solution of the present application further adds a penetration enhancer, and that the technical solution of the present application further adds a penetration enhancer to the foliage resistance control agent for modification, because the plant cuticle film covers the surface of the plant leaf and the surface of the fruit, and the outermost layer of the plant surface is covered with the film-like structure wax composed of cutin and wax, the conventional solution only singly adopts a surfactant material for modification treatment, but the surfactant material is only singly adsorbed on the surface of the crop, although the penetration effect can be improved at the initial stage of applying the foliage resistance control agent, but the subsequent durability is not good, so the technical solution of the present application adopts an enzymolysis treatment scheme, the acetyl xylan esterase, the serine esterase and the xylanase are compounded, and the compounded penetrating enzyme can effectively perform enzymolysis treatment on the cuticle membrane of the leaf surface of the plant, so that the problem of poor performance of a single enzyme material is solved, and the penetrating effect of the penetration enhancer material is improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The foliage resistance and control agent is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of a silicon-containing compound;
10-15 parts of a coating modifier;
60-80 parts of water;
the coating modifier comprises compound sugar alcohol, fulvic acid and n-hexadecanol, and the mass ratio of the compound sugar alcohol to the fulvic acid to the n-hexadecanol is 1: 3-5: 8.
2. The foliar drag control agent of claim 1 wherein the complex sugar alcohol comprises one or more of sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, maltitol and erythritol.
3. The foliage resistance and control agent according to claim 1, further comprising 10 to 15 parts by weight of a modified resistance and control material, wherein the modified resistance and control material comprises antioxidant polyphenol, and the antioxidant polyphenol comprises any one of kelp polyphenol or brown algae polyphenol.
4. The foliage resistance and control agent according to claim 3, wherein the modified resistance and control material further comprises a bioactive peptide, and the mass ratio of the bioactive peptide to the antioxidant polyphenol is 6-8: 1.
5. The foliage resistance and control agent according to claim 4, wherein the modified resistance and control material is of a micro-emulsion structure, and is prepared by adopting the following scheme:
stirring and mixing bioactive polypeptide and deionized water, and collecting a mixed solution A through ultrasonic dispersion;
taking antioxidant polyphenol and deionized water, stirring and mixing, and collecting a mixed solution B through ultrasonic dispersion;
and (3) stirring and mixing the mixed solution A, the carrageenin and the mixed solution B, freeze-drying, collecting freeze-dried particles, adding the freeze-dried particles into a potassium bromide solution, stirring, mixing and standing to prepare the modified resistance control material.
6. The foliar resistance and control agent of claim 1, further comprising 25-40 parts by weight of a retention agent, wherein the retention agent comprises the following substances:
15-25 parts of nano zirconia;
45-50 parts of water.
7. The foliar resistance and control agent of claim 4, further comprising 6-10 parts by weight of a permeation enhancer, wherein the permeation enhancer comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
45-80 parts of water;
0.2-0.3 parts of composite permease;
15-20 parts of diethyl suberate.
8. The foliar drag and control agent of claim 7 wherein the complex permease comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of acetyl xylan esterase, 6-8 parts of serine esterase and 5-10 parts of xylanase.
9. The preparation method of the foliar resistance and control agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following preparation steps:
s1, dissolution treatment: stirring and mixing water and a permeation enhancer in the formula, placing the mixture in a reactor, stirring and heating to 50-70 ℃, and collecting to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, chelating treatment: mixing the mixed solution, the modified control material, the silicon-containing compound, the composite sugar alcohol and the retention agent, and carrying out heat preservation and chelation treatment;
s3, dispersion treatment: after the chelation treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value to 5-7, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and standing to prepare the foliage resistance and control agent.
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