CN114213398A - 一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法、杀菌剂及应用 - Google Patents
一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法、杀菌剂及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114213398A CN114213398A CN202210038622.8A CN202210038622A CN114213398A CN 114213398 A CN114213398 A CN 114213398A CN 202210038622 A CN202210038622 A CN 202210038622A CN 114213398 A CN114213398 A CN 114213398A
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- oxopropanenitrile
- indol
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Classifications
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法、杀菌剂及应用,该制备方法包括:将Aldol‑X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物和酸催化剂置于有机溶剂中反应,分离即得。经抗菌活性筛选发现部分化合物具有显著的杀菌活性,优于杀菌剂甲呋酰胺,可作为先导物用于新型呋喃类杀菌剂的开发。本发明多取代呋喃的制备方法,以Aldol‑X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物为原料,在酸催化剂存在条件下反应制备呋喃衍生物,操作简单,具有较高的产率,仅需一步转化。该方法还可应用于呋喃类杀菌剂甲呋酰胺的合成,不涉及酰化和酸化水解过程,与传统甲呋酰胺酰化法合成相比,具有反应选择性高、成本较低、操作简单、工业应用价值大等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农用药物生物技术领域,尤其涉及一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法、杀菌剂及应用。
背景技术
多取代呋喃是一类重要的含氧五元杂环,在诸多领域有着广泛的应用。具有呋喃骨架的天然产物广泛存在于天然植物和微生物次生代谢产物中,呋喃衍生物也常作为重要的反应中间体用于有机合成和功能材料领域。鉴于多取代呋喃衍生物的重要性,近年来越来越多的有机化学家们致力于此类化合物的合成研究。目前已报道的多取代呋喃衍生物的合成方法主要是由过渡金属催化不饱和的前驱体来或张力环构建呋喃环:(1)过渡金属催化非环状炔烃来构建呋喃骨架(2)过渡金属催化的非环状烯烃或联烯衍生物构建呋喃环;(3)过渡金属催化的张力环开环芳构化来构建多取代呋喃衍生物。然而,上述方法尚存在诸多缺点,如底物需要预官能团化,起始原料需要多步合成;经常用到昂贵的Au、Pd等贵金属催化剂;底物的普适性不足等。以下为一些含有呋喃结构单元的天然产物分子:
杀菌剂在控制植物病原体的生长和繁殖中发挥着重要的作用,甲呋酰胺又名黑穗胺、酚菌氟来,英文名Fenfuram,是由世界农化巨头拜耳公司开发的呋喃酰胺类杀菌剂。甲呋酰胺是一种具有高效、低毒、环境相容性好,并具有强内吸和双向传导性,兼有保护和治疗作用的酰胺类杀菌剂。它对藻菌纲引起的真菌病害有很好防治效果,是防治马铃薯晚疫病、番茄晚疫病、葡萄及十字花科植物霜霉病的特效药剂。
传统的合成甲呋酰胺的方法主要是以1,3-二基化合物或其重氮化物为底物,通过酸催化或者过渡金属催化环化构建呋喃甲酸酯,随后与芳胺发生酰胺化反应。现有的合成法生成甲呋酰胺往往需要多步合成,步骤冗长,通常需要强酸、强碱或高温等严苛的实验条件,且重氮化物为原料,不稳定,易爆,不易放大,需要用到贵金属Rh催化剂;而且传统的合成方法反应收率低。
基于目前的多取代呋喃衍生物和甲呋酰胺合成中存在的技术问题,有必要对此进行改进。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法、杀菌剂及应用,以解决或至少部分解决现有技术中存在的技术问题。
第一方面,本发明提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将Aldol-X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物和酸催化剂置于有机溶剂中于25~100℃下,反应1~10h,分离即得多取代呋喃衍生物。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述Aldol-X双官能团试剂包括氯乙醛缩二乙醇、2-溴甲基-1,3-二氧戊烷、溴乙醛缩乙二醇、羟基丙酮和羟基乙醛缩二乙醇中的任一种。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述酰基乙腈衍生物包括3-(氰基乙酰基)吲哚、3-(5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正丁基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正戊基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-苄基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-氰基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(2-氰乙酰基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯、N-乙酰乙酰苯胺中的任一种。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述酸催化剂包括三氯化铝、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁、三氟甲烷磺酸钪、三氟甲烷磺酸铜、溴化铜和氯化镍中的至少一种。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述有机溶剂包括二氯甲烷、甲苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙腈、四氢呋喃和乙醇中的至少一种。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述Aldol-X双官能团试剂和所述酰基乙腈衍生物的摩尔比为(1~2):(1~2);所述酰基乙腈衍生物和所述酸催化剂的摩尔比为(10~100):1。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,分离具体为:将反应后的产物用碱中和至中性,然后用萃取剂萃取得到有机相,将有机相干燥后重结晶分离即得多取代呋喃衍生物。
优选的是,所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,所述萃取剂包括乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷;重结晶所用的溶剂包括乙醇、甲醇、石油醚、乙醚中的至少一种。
第二方面,本发明还提供了一种杀菌剂,包括所述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物。
第三方面,本发明还提供了一种所述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物或所述的杀菌剂在制备用于抑制植物灰霉病、黄萎病、赤霉病、颖枯病药物中的应用。
本发明的一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,并应用于呋喃类杀菌剂甲呋酰胺的制备,相对于现有技术具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,以Aldol-X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物为原料在酸催化剂存在的条件下反应制备多取代呋喃,并将本方法应用于呋喃类杀菌剂甲呋酰胺的合成;本发明的制备方法产物收率高,仅需一步,且底物廉价易得,不需要复杂的前驱体和严苛的反应条件。与传统酰化法合成甲呋酰胺相比,本方法具有反应选择性高、成本较低、操作简单、工业应用价值大等优点;
2、本发明的部分多取代呋喃衍生物具备明显的杀菌活性,对灰霉、棉花黄萎、小麦赤霉、小麦颖枯等常见农作物重要病原菌具有显著的杀菌活性,可作为先导物用于新型呋喃类杀菌剂的开发,并能作为杀菌剂或其有效成分应用于农业病害的综合防控。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例3-5中的方法合成得到的甲呋酰胺氢谱图;
图2为本发明实施例3-5中的方法合成得到的甲呋酰胺碳谱图;
图3为本发明实施例中代表性化合物的杀菌活性图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施方式,对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
首先,将Aldol-X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物和酸催化剂置于有机溶剂中于25~100℃下,反应1~10h,分离即得多取代呋喃衍生物。
需要说明的是,本申请提供的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,以Aldol-X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物为原料在酸催化剂存在条件下反应制备多取代呋喃。涉及的主要反应如下:
其次,本发明所提供的合成方法可应用于呋喃衍生物甲呋酰胺的高效便利合成,传统的代表性合成甲呋酰胺的路线如下:
第一合成路线:
第二合成路线:
第三合成路线:
第一合成路线中,需要用到强酸、强碱和高温回流,一共需要五步,步骤冗长;第二合成路线中,重氮化物为原料,不稳定,易爆,不易放大,且需要用到贵金属Rh催化剂,第一步收率86%,第二步酰胺化反应收率75%,综合收率64.5%;第三合成路线中,需要多步合成,构建呋喃甲酸酯收率52%,酰胺化反应收率53%,综合收率27.6%。
本发明提供了一种呋喃衍生物甲呋酰胺的制备方法,其中,酰基乙腈衍生物为N-乙酰乙酰苯胺,具体包括以下步骤:
将Aldol-X双官能团试剂、N-乙酰乙酰苯胺和酸催化剂置于有机溶剂中于25~100℃下,反应1~10h,分离即得甲呋酰胺。
在一些实施例中,Aldol-X双官能团试剂包括氯乙醛缩二乙醇、2-溴甲基-1,3-二氧戊烷、溴乙醛缩乙二醇、羟基丙酮和羟基乙醛缩二乙醇中的任一种。
在一些实施例中,酰基乙腈衍生物包括3-(氰基乙酰基)吲哚、3-(5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正丁基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正戊基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-苄基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-氰基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(2-氰乙酰基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯、N-乙酰乙酰苯胺中的任一种。
在一些实施例中,酸催化剂包括三氯化铝、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁、三氟甲烷磺酸钪、三氟甲烷磺酸铜、溴化铜和氯化镍中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,有机溶剂包括二氯甲烷、甲苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙腈、四氢呋喃和乙醇中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,Aldol-X双官能团试剂和酰基乙腈衍生物的摩尔比为(1~2):(1~2)。
在一些实施例中,酰基乙腈衍生物和酸催化剂的摩尔比为(10~100):1。
在一些实施例中,分离具体为:将反应后的产物用碱中和至中性,然后用萃取剂萃取得到有机相,将有机相干燥后重结晶分离即得甲呋酰胺。
在一些实施例中,萃取剂包括乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷。
在一些实施例中,重结晶所用的溶剂包括乙醇、甲醇、石油醚、乙醚中的至少一种。
本申请的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,通过对关键制备工艺的整体流程以及各个反应步骤的参数条件(包括反应原料的种类与配比,反应温度与时间等)进行改进,具有反应选择性高、成本较低、操作简单、工业应用价值高等优点。
基于同一发明构思,本申请实施例还提供了一种杀菌剂,包括上述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物。
基于同一发明构思,本申请实施例还提供了一种上述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物或上述的杀菌剂在制备用于抑制植物灰霉病、黄萎病、赤霉病、颖枯病药物中的应用。
下面将结合本发明实施方式,对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将19.9g(0.1mol)溴乙醛缩二乙醇、18.4g(0.1mol)3-(氰基乙酰基)吲哚溶于240mL甲苯中,再加入1.62g(10mmol)氯化铁,得到反应液;
S2、将反应液置于反应器中,于40℃下搅拌反应5h;
S3、将S2中反应产物以饱和碳酸氢钠中和酸性反应体系至中性,然后用乙酸乙酯液-液萃取得有机相;向有机相中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,再使用乙醇和石油醚重结晶分离得到呋喃衍生物(3a)15.8g(收率76.1%)。
上述制备方法的反应式为:
按照上述实施例1中的方法,合成得到的呋喃衍生物3a的氢谱数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=11.94(s,1H),8.06(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.88(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.28–7.25(m,1H),7.23–7.19(m,1H),7.00(d,J=2.0Hz,1H).碳谱数据为13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=159.6,142.4,136.5,126.3,124.2,123.3,121.5,120.6,116.1,112.9,112.5,104.8,87.2.
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将26.8g(0.2mol)羟基乙醛缩二乙醇、26.3g(0.1mol)3-(5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈溶于300mL乙腈中,再加入223mg(1mmol)溴化铜,得到反应液;
S2、将反应液置于反应器中,于60℃下搅拌反应4h;
S3、将S2中反应产物以饱和碳酸氢钠中和酸性反应体系至中性,然后用二氯甲烷液-液萃取得有机相;向有机相中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,再使用乙醇和乙醚重结晶分离得到呋喃衍生物(3b)15.1g(收率52.9%)。
上述制备方法的反应式为:
按照上述实施例2中的方法,合成得到的呋喃衍生物3b的氢谱数据为:1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=12.04(s,1H),8.10(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),7.92(dd,J=22.4,5.3Hz,2H),7.77(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.35(dd,J=8.6,1.7Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=2.0Hz,1H).碳谱数据为13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=158.9,142.6,137.4,127.2,124.3,123.2,122.3,116.0,115.9,115.6,112.6,104.9,87.8.
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物(具体为甲呋酰胺)的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将20.1g(0.15mol)羟基乙醛缩二乙醇、17.7g(0.1mol)N-乙酰乙酰苯胺溶于240mL甲苯中,再加入4.92g(10mmol)三氟甲烷磺酸钪,得到反应液;
S2、将反应液置于反应器中,于100℃下搅拌反应6h;
S3、将S2中反应产物以饱和碳酸氢钠中和酸性反应体系至中性,然后乙酸乙酯液-液萃取得有机相;向有机相中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,再使用乙醇和乙醚重结晶分离得到甲呋酰胺13.98g(收率69.6%)。
上述制备方法的反应式为:
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物(具体为甲呋酰胺)的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将16.7g(0.1mol)2-溴甲基-1,3-二氧戊烷、26.6g(0.15mol)N-乙酰乙酰苯胺溶于260mL乙醇中,再加入2.3g(15mmol)三氯化铝,得到反应液;
S2、将反应液置于反应器中,于50℃下搅拌反应2h;
S3、S2中反应结束后减压浓缩,除去乙醇,再以饱和碳酸氢钠中和酸性反应体系至中性,然后乙酸乙酯液-液萃取得有机相;向有机相中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,再使用乙醇和石油醚重结晶分离得到甲呋酰胺15.19g(收率75.6%)。
上述制备方法的反应式为:
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种多取代呋喃衍生物(具体为甲呋酰胺)的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将13.4g(0.1mol)羟基乙醛缩二乙醇、17.7g(0.1mol)N-乙酰乙酰苯胺溶于220mL乙醇中,再加入492mg(1mmol)三氟甲烷磺酸钪,得到反应液;
S2、将反应液置于反应器中,于80℃下搅拌反应5h;
S3、将S2中反应产物以饱和碳酸氢钠中和酸性反应体系至中性,然后乙酸乙酯液-液萃取得有机相;向有机相中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后减压浓缩,再使用甲醇和石油醚重结晶分离得到甲呋酰胺14.11g(收率70.2%)。
上述制备方法的反应式为:
按照上述实施例3-5中的方法,合成得到的甲呋酰胺氢谱数据如图1所示,碳谱数据如图2所示。具体的,氢谱数据为1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=7.56(d,J=7.9Hz,3H),7.32(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.27(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.11(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),2.61(s,3H);碳谱数据为13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=162.2,157.9,140.5,137.8,129.0,124.4,120.3,115.9,108.3,13.6。
实施例6
其他的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,参照上述实施例1-2所述的基本合成方法,并结合实施例中呋喃衍生物的结构特征选用不同的化工原料,便可便利制备其他的多取代呋喃衍生物。部分代表性化合物如下所述:
化合物3c由3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;90%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.16(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.42(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.35–7.31(m,1H),7.28–7.25(m,1H),6.62(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.86(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.8,140.2,136.7,129.0,124.9,123.1,121.5,121.3,116.1,111.9,109.8,104.9,87.1,33.4.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C14H11N2O+[M+H]+:223.0866;found:223.0865。
化合物3d由3-(1-正丁基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;85%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.16(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.40(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.32–7.28(m,1H),7.25(dd,J=10.7,3.5Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.15(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.87–1.82(m,2H),1.39–1.33(m,2H),0.95(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.9,140.2,136.0,128.1,125.0,123.0,121.4,121.3,116.2,111.9,110.1,104.9,87.0,46.8,32.1,20.2,13.7.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C17H17N2O+[M+H]+:265.1335;found:265.1335。
化合物3e由3-(1-正戊基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;81%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.16(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.40(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.32–7.28(m,1H),7.25(dd,J=11.7,4.7Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.89–1.83(m,2H),1.36–1.29(m,4H),0.89(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.9,140.2,136.0,128.1,125.0,123.0,121.5,121.4,116.2,111.9,110.1,104.9,87.0,47.0,29.8,29.0,22.3,14.0.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C18H19N2O+[M+H]+:279.1492;found:279.1492。
化合物3f由3-(4-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;80%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=12.23(s,1H),8.04(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.27–7.22(m,1H),7.04(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=11.4,7.8Hz,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=157.8,155.7(d,J=247.7Hz),143.4,139.5(d,J=10.6Hz),128.1,123.9(d,J=7.6Hz),115.7,113.2(d,J=19.6Hz),112.8,109.4(d,J=3.0Hz),106.4(d,J=19.6Hz),101.8(d,J=1.5Hz),90.9.19F NMR(565MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=-117.3.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C13H8FN2O+[M+H]+:227.0615;found:227.0615。
化合物3g由3-(4-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;74%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.87(s,1H),7.59(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.35(dd,J=7.9,1.0Hz,1H),7.22–7.16(m,2H),6.70(d,J=2.1Hz,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=157.3,142.6,137.3,127.6,125.8,123.9,123.5,122.4,115.3,112.0,110.5,104.0,94.9.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C13H8ClN2O+[M+H]+:243.0320;found:243.0317。
化合物3h由3-(2-氰乙酰基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;75%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=9.19(s,1H),7.72(dd,J=10.9,5.0Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.44(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.31(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),3.66(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=168.7,159.7,141.7,136.9,128.5,124.3,124.0,122.7,122.5,115.9,115.3,111.7,105.2,91.8,52.4.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C15H11N2O3 +[M+H]+:267.0764;found:267.0763。
化合物3i由3-(5-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;79%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.60(s,1H),8.03(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=8.8,2.4Hz,1H),6.65(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.8,155.5,140.4,130.8,125.3,124.8,116.0,113.9,112.4,112.0,106.3,102.8,87.5,55.9.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C14H11N2O2 +[M+H]+:239.0815;found:239.0815。
化合物3j由3-(1-苄基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;80%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.20–8.16(m,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.41(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.31–7.23(m,6H),7.13(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),6.60(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),5.34(s,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.6,140.4,136.3,136.2,129.0,128.5,128.1,126.8,125.2,123.4,121.7,121.5,116.0,112.0,110.5,105.6,87.5,50.7.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C20H15N2O+[M+H]+:299.1179;found:299.1181。
化合物3k由3-(5-氰基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;71%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=12.43(s,1H),8.43(s,1H),8.24(t,J=3.5Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.63(dd,J=8.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=2.0Hz,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=158.1,143.1,138.2,128.6,126.1,125.9,123.9,120.6,115.7,114.4,112.7,105.4,103.7,88.5.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C14H8N3O+[M+H]+:234.0662;found:234.0663。
化合物3l由3-(6-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;88%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=8.60(s,1H),8.03(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.21(s,1H),7.09(dd,J=8.2,0.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),2.47(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=160.0,140.4,136.2,133.5,124.3,123.5,122.1,120.8,116.1,111.9,111.6,106.3,87.4,21.7.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C14H11N2O+[M+H]+:223.0866;found:223.0864。
化合物3m由3-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;80%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=11.99(s,1H),8.08(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),8.00(dd,J=8.8,5.4Hz,1H),7.90(dd,J=2.9,1.9Hz,1H),7.36(dd,J=9.7,2.3Hz,1H),7.12–7.07(m,1H),7.04–7.00(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=159.9(d,J=237.1Hz),159.1,142.5,136.6(d,J=12.1Hz),126.9(d,J=3.0Hz),121.8(d,J=9.1Hz),121.0,116.0,112.6,110.0(d,J=25.7Hz),104.9,99.0(d,J=25.7Hz),87.6.19FNMR(565MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=-119.8.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C13H8FN2O+[M+H]+:227.0615;found:227.0616。
化合物3n由3-(6-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和溴乙醛缩二乙醇反应得到;74%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=12.03(s,1H),8.10(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),7.99(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.24(dd,J=8.6,1.8Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=2.0Hz,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=158.9,142.6,136.9,127.9,127.3,123.0,121.9,121.8,115.9,112.6,104.9,87.7.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C13H8ClN2O+[M+H]+:243.0320;found:243.0319。
化合物3o由3-(氰基乙酰基)吲哚和羟基丙酮反应得到;89%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=11.91(s,1H),8.03(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.99(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.27–7.23(m,1H),7.22–7.18(m,1H),2.12(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6,25℃)δ=159.5,138.6,136.5,126.1,124.2,123.2,121.9,121.4,120.6,115.7,112.9,105.0,89.8,8.7.HRMS(ESI):calcd forC14H11N2O+[M+H]+:223.0866;found:223.0871。
化合物3p由3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和羟基丙酮反应得到;86%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.12(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.33–7.28(m,2H),7.25–7.23(m,1H),7.18(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),3.79(s,3H),2.14(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.6,136.9,136.7,128.7,124.9,123.0,121.9,121.4,121.3,115.9,109.8,105.2,89.8,33.3,8.6.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C15H13N2O+[M+H]+:237.1022;found:237.1027。
化合物3q由3-(1-正丁基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和羟基丙酮反应得到;95%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.37(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.31–7.27(m,1H),7.24(td,J=7.5,0.8Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.14(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.15(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.92–1.79(m,2H),1.35(dt,J=14.9,7.4Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.7,136.8,136.0,127.9,125.0,122.9,122.0,121.5,121.3,115.9,110.0,105.2,89.8,46.7,32.1,20.2,13.7,8.6.HRMS(ESI):calcd for C18H19N2O+[M+H]+:279.1492;found:279.1506。
3r由3-(1-正戊基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈和羟基丙酮反应得到;84%yield;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,TMS,25℃)δ=8.16(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.39(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.32–7.29(m,1H),7.26–7.21(m,2H),4.17(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),2.17(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.91–1.86(m,2H),1.38–1.32(m,4H),0.90(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3,25℃)δ=159.7,136.8,136.0,127.9,125.0,122.9,122.0,121.5,121.3,115.9,110.0,105.2,89.8,47.0,29.8,29.0,22.3,14.0,8.6.HRMS(ESI):calcd forC19H21N2O+[M+H]+:293.1648;found:293.1660。
实施例7
采用实施例1中所获得的多取代呋喃化合物3a和实施例3-5中的甲呋酰胺,以灰霉、棉花黄萎、小麦赤霉、小麦颖枯常见农作物重要病原菌为靶标,分别在50μg/mL、25μg/mL、12.5μg/mL、6.25μg/mL浓度下对多取代呋喃化合物3a和甲呋酰胺进行抗菌活性筛选,并计算不同细菌的抑菌率,结果如图3所示;具体的,培养上述四种不同菌种,然后加入上述不同浓度的化合物3a和甲呋酰胺,并以不加任何化合物的菌种为空白对照组,从而得出不同菌种的抑菌率。
图3中3a即为实施例1中所获得的多取代呋喃化合物3a,fenfuram为实施例3~5中得到的甲呋酰胺,septoria nodorum berk为小麦颖枯病菌,fusarium culmorum小麦赤霉病菌,verticillium dahliae为棉花黄萎病菌,botrytis cinerea为番茄灰霉病菌。
图3中可以看出,抑菌试验结果表明合成的呋喃化合物3a对上述4种靶标具有显著的抑菌效果,优于甲呋酰胺。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施方式而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将Aldol-X双官能团试剂、酰基乙腈衍生物和酸催化剂置于有机溶剂中于25~100℃下,反应1~10h,分离即得多取代呋喃衍生物。
2.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Aldol-X双官能团试剂包括氯乙醛缩二乙醇、2-溴甲基-1,3-二氧戊烷、溴乙醛缩乙二醇、羟基丙酮和羟基乙醛缩二乙醇中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酰基乙腈衍生物包括3-(氰基乙酰基)吲哚、3-(5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正丁基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-正戊基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(4-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(1-苄基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(5-氰基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(6-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)-3-氧代丙腈、3-(2-氰乙酰基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯、N-乙酰乙酰苯胺中的任一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸催化剂包括三氯化铝、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁、三氟甲烷磺酸钪、三氟甲烷磺酸铜、溴化铜和氯化镍中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂包括二氯甲烷、甲苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙腈、四氢呋喃和乙醇中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Aldol-X双官能团试剂和所述酰基乙腈衍生物的摩尔比为(1~2):(1~2);所述酰基乙腈衍生物和所述酸催化剂的摩尔比为(10~100):1。
7.如权利要求1所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,分离具体为:将反应后的产物用碱中和至中性,然后用萃取剂萃取得到有机相,将有机相干燥后重结晶分离即得多取代呋喃衍生物。
8.如权利要求6所述的多取代呋喃衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述萃取剂包括乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷;重结晶所用的溶剂包括乙醇、甲醇、石油醚、乙醚中的至少一种。
9.一种杀菌剂,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1~8任一所述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物。
10.一种如权利要求1~8任一所述的制备方法制备得到的多取代呋喃衍生物或权利要求9所述的杀菌剂在制备用于抑制植物灰霉病、黄萎病、赤霉病、颖枯病药物中的应用。
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