CN114208943A - Feed processing method based on fish processing by-products - Google Patents
Feed processing method based on fish processing by-products Download PDFInfo
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- CN114208943A CN114208943A CN202111577461.1A CN202111577461A CN114208943A CN 114208943 A CN114208943 A CN 114208943A CN 202111577461 A CN202111577461 A CN 202111577461A CN 114208943 A CN114208943 A CN 114208943A
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- fish
- scales
- skins
- processing
- filtrate
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004911 serous fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019735 Meat-and-bone meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed processing method based on fish processing byproducts, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting fresh fish scales and fish skins, cleaning the fish scales and the fish skins to remove impurities, and drying the cleaned fish scales and the fish skins; s2, selecting a proper amount of dried fish scales and fish skins in the step S1, putting the fish scales and the fish skins into a crusher for crushing, and then adding the crushed fish scales and the crushed fish skins into a container for hot water soaking, so as to obtain the feed processing method based on the fish processing byproducts; s3, after the fish scales and the fish skin are soaked, slowly adding a pH regulator into the container in the step S2, and stirring the solution by using a stirrer to make the solution in the container neutral; the fish scales and the fish skin can be reused by utilizing the protein required by feed production, so that the problem of waste caused by the traditional method for producing the fish scales and the fish skin is avoided, and the utilization rate of fish processing byproducts is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a feed processing method based on fish processing byproducts.
Background
The feed is a general term of food of all animals raised by people, generally, the feed mainly refers to food of animals raised in agriculture or animal husbandry, the feed comprises more than ten kinds of feed raw materials such as soybean, soybean meal, corn, fish meal, amino acid, miscellaneous meal, whey powder, grease, meat and bone meal, grains, feed additives and the like, and the fish processing by-products refer to waste generated in the processing process of fish, such as fish viscera, fish gills, fish scales, fish skins and the like.
In the process of feed production and processing, protein is often required to be added into feed, fish scales and fish skins contain a large amount of protein substances, and the fish scales and the fish skins are usually discarded in real life, so that the fish scales and the fish skins are not convenient to recycle, and resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the deficiencies of the background art, the invention provides a feed processing method based on fish processing by-products, which solves the problems of the background art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a feed processing method based on fish processing by-products comprises the following steps:
(I) preparation of protein product:
s1, selecting fresh fish scales and fish skins, cleaning the fish scales and the fish skins to remove impurities, and drying the cleaned fish scales and the fish skins;
s2, selecting a proper amount of dried fish scales and fish skins in the step S1, putting the fish scales and the fish skins into a crusher for crushing, and adding the crushed fish scales and the crushed fish skins into a container for hot water soaking;
s3, after the fish scales and the fish skin are soaked, slowly adding a pH regulator into the container in the step S2, and stirring the solution by using a stirrer to make the solution in the container neutral;
s4, filtering the solution in the step S3, adding a deodorant into the filtrate, and filtering the filtrate again after the filtrate is deodorized for a period of time;
s5, heating and cooking the filtrate obtained in the step S4, cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is heated and cooked for a period of time to enable the filtrate to be in a constant temperature range, and then adding a proper amount of protease into the filtrate, so that slurry after enzymolysis can be obtained;
s6, evaporating and concentrating the serous fluid obtained in the step S5 to obtain fish scales and a fish skin collagen solution, and drying the fish scales and the fish skin collagen solution to obtain fish scales and fish skin collagen powder (namely a protein product);
(II) mixing raw materials: firstly, sequentially adding basic materials and additives required by feed preparation into mixing equipment to enable the materials to be uniformly mixed, adding a proper amount of the protein product prepared in the step (I) into the mixing equipment, and transferring the mixture into a granulator after the materials are mixed, so that granular feed can be obtained.
Preferably, the fish scales and the fish skins are fish scales and fish skins of marine fishes or fish scales and fish skins of freshwater fishes.
Preferably, in step S1, the water content of the dried fish scales and fish skin is 1% to 5%.
Preferably, in step S2, the temperature of the hot water is 70 ℃ to 90 ℃, and the time for soaking the fish scales and the fish skins is 3h to 4 h.
Preferably, in step S3, the stirrer is a rotary hand-held stirrer, and the PH of the fish scale and fish skin soaking solution is measured by using PH paper.
Preferably, in step S4, the smell removing agent is activated carbon powder, the solution is filtered to remove undissolved impurities in fish scales and fish skin, and the filtrate is filtered to remove the smell removed activated carbon powder.
Preferably, in step S5, the heating and cooking time of the filtrate is 0.5h, and the enzymolysis temperature of the filtrate is 40 ℃ to 50 ℃.
Preferably, in step S6, the drying method of the fish scales and the fish skin collagen solution is spray drying.
Preferably, in the step (two), the basic material of the feed is one or a mixture of more of soybean, soybean meal, corn and miscellaneous meal.
Preferably, in the step (two), the feed is quantitatively packaged after being granulated, and the packaged feed is stored in a dry mode.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a feed processing method based on fish processing byproducts, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the feed processing method based on the fish processing byproducts, the fish scales and the fish skin can be reused by utilizing the fish processing byproducts (the fish scales and the fish skin) to manufacture the protein required by feed production, the problem of waste caused by the traditional method for the fish scales and the fish skin is solved, and meanwhile, the fish scales and the fish skin are utilized to prepare the protein material, so that resources can be saved, and the utilization rate of the fish processing byproducts is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A feed processing method based on fish processing by-products comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting fresh fish scales and fish skins, cleaning the fish scales and the fish skins to remove impurities, and drying the cleaned fish scales and the cleaned fish skins, wherein the water content of the dried fish scales and the dried fish skins is 1% -5%, the fish scales and the fish skins are the fish scales and the fish skins of marine fishes or the fish scales and the fish skins of fresh water fishes, and the fish scales and the fish skins generated by fish processing can be reused, so that the problem of resource waste is avoided, and the utilization rate of fish processing byproducts is improved;
s2, selecting a proper amount of dried fish scales and fish skins in the step S1, putting the dried fish scales and fish skins into a crusher for crushing, adding the crushed fish scales and fish skins into a container, soaking the fish scales and fish skins for 3-4 hours by using hot water at 70-90 ℃, crushing the dried fish scales and fish skins by using the crusher, so that the volumes of the fish scales and the fish skins are reduced conveniently, the fish scales and the fish skins can be better soaked and dissolved, and the dissolving speed of the fish scales and the fish skins can be accelerated by using the hot water, so that convenience is brought to the dissolving of the fish scales and the fish skins;
s3, after the fish scales and the fish skins are soaked, slowly adding a PH regulator into the container in the step S2, stirring the solution by using a rotary handheld stirrer, measuring the PH value of the scale and fish skin soaking solution by using a PH test paper to enable the solution in the container to be neutral, stirring the solution by using the stirrer, fully mixing the PH regulator and the solution, and accelerating the regulation speed of the PH value;
s4, filtering the solution obtained in the step S3 to remove undissolved impurities of fish scales and fish skins, adding activated carbon powder into the filtrate, deodorizing the filtrate for a period of time, and filtering the filtrate again to remove the deodorized activated carbon powder, wherein the activated carbon powder can adsorb the fishy smell in the filtrate, so that the quality of the subsequent feed is indirectly improved;
s5, heating and cooking the filtrate obtained in the step S4, cooling the filtrate after heating and cooking for 0.5 hour to make the filtrate in a constant temperature range of 40-50 ℃, adding a proper amount of protease into the filtrate to obtain slurry after enzymolysis, exciting colloidal substances in the solution through cooking, and further separating proteins in fish scales and fish skins through enzymolysis to facilitate the extraction of the proteins in the fish scales and the fish skins;
s6, evaporating and concentrating the serous fluid obtained in the step S5 to obtain fish scales and a fish skin collagen solution, and then carrying out spray drying on the fish scales and the fish skin collagen solution to obtain fish scales and fish skin collagen powder (namely a protein product);
s7, sequentially adding basic materials (one or more of soybean, bean pulp, corn and miscellaneous meal) and additives required by feed preparation into a mixing device to enable the materials to be uniformly mixed, adding a proper amount of protein product prepared in the step S6 into the mixing device, transferring the mixture into a granulator after the materials are mixed, and thus obtaining granular feed, wherein the feed can be quantitatively packaged after being granulated, and the packaged feed is dried and stored.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the feed processing method based on the fish processing byproducts, the fish scales and the fish skin can be reused by utilizing the fish processing byproducts (the fish scales and the fish skin) to manufacture the protein required by feed production, the problem of waste caused by the traditional method for the fish scales and the fish skin is solved, and meanwhile, the fish scales and the fish skin are utilized to prepare the protein material, so that resources can be saved, and the utilization rate of the fish processing byproducts is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A feed processing method based on fish processing by-products is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(I) preparation of protein product:
s1, selecting fresh fish scales and fish skins, cleaning the fish scales and the fish skins to remove impurities, and drying the cleaned fish scales and the fish skins;
s2, selecting a proper amount of dried fish scales and fish skins in the step S1, putting the fish scales and the fish skins into a crusher for crushing, and adding the crushed fish scales and the crushed fish skins into a container for hot water soaking;
s3, after the fish scales and the fish skin are soaked, slowly adding a pH regulator into the container in the step S2, and stirring the solution by using a stirrer to make the solution in the container neutral;
s4, filtering the solution in the step S3, adding a deodorant into the filtrate, and filtering the filtrate again after the filtrate is deodorized for a period of time;
s5, heating and cooking the filtrate obtained in the step S4, cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is heated and cooked for a period of time to enable the filtrate to be in a constant temperature range, and then adding a proper amount of protease into the filtrate, so that slurry after enzymolysis can be obtained;
s6, evaporating and concentrating the serous fluid obtained in the step S5 to obtain fish scales and a fish skin collagen solution, and drying the fish scales and the fish skin collagen solution to obtain fish scales and fish skin collagen powder (namely a protein product);
(II) mixing raw materials: firstly, sequentially adding basic materials and additives required by feed preparation into mixing equipment to enable the materials to be uniformly mixed, adding a proper amount of the protein product prepared in the step (I) into the mixing equipment, and transferring the mixture into a granulator after the materials are mixed, so that granular feed can be obtained.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fish scales and skins are those of marine fishes or those of freshwater fishes.
3. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the dried fish scales and fish skin is 1-5% in step S1.
4. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot water is in the range of 70 ℃ to 90 ℃ and the soaking time of the fish scales and the fish skin is 3h to 4h in step S2.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the stirrer is a rotary hand-held stirrer, and the PH of the fish scale and skin soaking solution is measured by using PH paper.
6. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproduct as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smell removing agent is activated carbon powder, the solution is filtered to remove undissolved impurities of fish scales and fish skin, and the filtrate is filtered to remove the smell removed activated carbon powder in step S4.
7. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the time for heating and boiling the filtrate is 0.5h, and the temperature for enzymolysis of the filtrate is 40-50 ℃.
8. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying manner of the fish scales and the fish skin collagen solution is spray drying in step S6.
9. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the basic material of the feed is one or more of soybean, soybean meal, corn and miscellaneous meal.
10. The method for processing feed based on fish processing byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (two), the feed is quantitatively packaged after being pelletized, and the packaged feed is stored in dry state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111577461.1A CN114208943A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Feed processing method based on fish processing by-products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111577461.1A CN114208943A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Feed processing method based on fish processing by-products |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114208943A true CN114208943A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111577461.1A Pending CN114208943A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Feed processing method based on fish processing by-products |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114208943A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115624096A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-20 | 曲悦 | Feed production and preparation process |
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| CN104313102A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-01-28 | 伍曾利 | Method of preparing collagen |
| CN106260550A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-04 | 青岛海大生物集团有限公司 | A kind of fish peptide powder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108410931A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-17 | 青岛贝尔特生物科技有限公司 | A method of producing fish skin and scale collagen |
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2021
- 2021-12-22 CN CN202111577461.1A patent/CN114208943A/en active Pending
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