CN116098236A - Preparation method of pressed meat and bone meal raw material - Google Patents
Preparation method of pressed meat and bone meal raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116098236A CN116098236A CN202211505207.5A CN202211505207A CN116098236A CN 116098236 A CN116098236 A CN 116098236A CN 202211505207 A CN202211505207 A CN 202211505207A CN 116098236 A CN116098236 A CN 116098236A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which comprises the following steps: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, and putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening; step two: sending the crushed and screened fragments into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure digestion treatment; step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling treatment; step four: stirring and mixing the fragments, the microelements, the protease inhibitor and the starch adhesive by using an extrusion stirring roller; step five: adding gelatin and water, stirring, adding beeswax and castor oil, stirring, pouring into ice ethanol, standing, washing with acetone, drying, adding ethanol solution, stirring, and adding glutaraldehyde. The invention not only can improve the nutritive value of the meat and bone meal raw material, but also can inhibit the activity of protease in the meat and bone meal and improve the quality guarantee period of the meat and bone meal raw material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meat and bone meal raw material processing, in particular to a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
Background
Along with the continuous transition of animal husbandry production modes and the continuous increase of national animal epidemic disease prevention and control investment, the animal sanitation and the safety level of products in China are continuously improved, but the animal epidemic disease still frequently occurs due to the rapid increase of the number of livestock and poultry rearing, and the innocent treatment of livestock and poultry dying of illness becomes a great difficulty in the animal husbandry. Animal carcasses which are dead of diseases often carry various germs, and if the animal carcasses are not treated or are improperly treated, the animal carcasses can be quickly rotted, so that pathogenic microorganisms pollute air, water sources and soil, and cause disease transmission and spread, and the spread and cross infection of the pathogens are extremely easy to cause. The traditional method for treating the livestock carcasses by adopting incineration, landfill and the like has the disadvantages of labor and effort consumption, high cost and incomplete treatment. Innocent treatment of animals dying of illness has attracted widespread attention throughout society.
The meat and bone powder is prepared by taking the bodies of domestic animals, residual crushed meat, bones, viscera and the like which are not suitable for eating in a livestock slaughter house as raw materials, and performing high-temperature cooking, degreasing, drying and crushing. The crude protein of meat and bone powder is generally 50% -60%, the amino acid components are balanced, the price is relatively lower than that of fish meal, and the meat and bone powder is a high-quality substitute of fish meal. Meat and bone powder is one of the most important animal protein products, and is also one kind of powdered feed produced with animal tissue with fat, oil, other components, etc. eliminated and through high temperature disinfection, drying and crushing. The meat and bone powder have large quality difference due to different raw material compositions and proportions of the meat and the bone, and the nutrition components of the meat and bone powder have large difference due to different manufacturing processes. If the raw material does not have skeletal tissue, the meat and bone powder is actually meat powder, and hoof and horn powder, fur powder and gastrointestinal contents are often mixed in the meat and bone powder. Because the nutritional value of protein in the part of the substances is lower than that of pure meat powder, the nutritional value of the meat and bone powder is reduced along with the increase of the content of the part of the substances. The meat and bone meal generally also contains a certain amount of bone meal, and the bone meal can be used as a calcium and phosphorus source of animals, but has low protein nutrition value, so that when the proportion of the bone meal in the meat and bone meal is increased, the nutrition value of the meat and bone meal is reduced.
The meat and bone meal raw materials are rich in nutrition components, can provide energy, protein, calcium and available phosphorus, generally have the crude protein content of 40% -55%, the crude fat content of 7% -18%, the crude fiber content of less than or equal to 3.0%, the crude ash content of less than or equal to 33% -43%, the water content of less than or equal to 10.0%, and the calcium and phosphorus content, and can basically meet the daily ration requirements; the content of lysine is 1-3%, the content of sulfur-containing amino acid is 3-6%, the content of tryptophan is low, and the vitamin B, vitamin A and vitamin D are abundant. In general, the amino acid content and quality of the meat and bone meal raw materials are higher than those of the mixed meal, are close to those of the bean pulp, but worse than that of the fish meal, belong to high-quality protein feed, but the meat and bone meal price is relatively low.
The existing meat and bone meal raw materials need to be stored for a long time for processing animal feed, but the meat and bone meal raw materials are easy to oxidize, so that the quality guarantee time is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling, and separating the fragments from grease after the pressing treatment is finished;
step four: washing the fragments subjected to degreasing and deoiling in the third step, cleaning grease on the surfaces of the fragments, putting the cleaned fragments into a baking oven for drying, adding trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch adhesives into the fragments after the drying is finished, and extruding and stirring the fragments, the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives to obtain a mixed material;
step five: adding gelatin and water into the mixed material obtained in the step four, stirring uniformly, adding beeswax and castor oil, continuously stirring, pouring into glacial ethanol, standing, washing with acetone after standing, drying, adding ethanol solution, stirring uniformly, and adding glutaraldehyde, stirring uniformly to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
In a preferred embodiment, the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residue, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fish and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are washed by clean water firstly and then by clean essence, and then are washed by clean water for 2-3 times.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher in the first step is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized at the temperature of 0.3-0.5MPa and 120-130 ℃ for 20-40min during high-temperature steaming sterilization in the first step.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the kettle is 0.4-0.6MPa, the temperature is 130-136 ℃ and the boiling time is 30-40min during the high-temperature high-pressure boiling treatment in the second step, and the water content of the fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the oven temperature in step four is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the pieces is maintained at 50-58 ℃ prior to adding the micro-elements, protease inhibitors and starch binder to the pieces.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch binders are added in the fourth step in amounts of (0.05-0.15%), and (0.03-0.1%) and (0.1-0.25%) by weight of the crumb, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace element is one or more of calcium iodate, ferrous sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and cobalt chloride, the starch binder is a mixture of tapioca binder, corn flour binder and water, and the mass ratio of the water, tapioca binder and corn flour binder is 1: (2-3.6): (0.8-1.5).
In a preferred embodiment, in the fourth step, the materials are extruded and stirred by adopting an extrusion stirring roller during extrusion and stirring, the extrusion pressure is 5-8MPa, the stirring speed is 80-120 r/min, and the temperature is kept at 50-55 ℃ during extrusion and stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the added amount of gelatin, water, beeswax and castor oil to the mixed material in the fifth step is (0.6-0.9): (1.2-1.5): (0.3-0.6): (0.8-1.3): 1, adding gelatin and water, stirring at 55-60deg.C, adding Cera flava and oleum ricini, heating to 70-80deg.C, and stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the standing time after the ice-ethanol is poured in the fifth step is 35-45min, and the weight ratio of the ethanol solution to glutaraldehyde to the mixed material in the fifth step is (1.5-2): (0.2-0.4): 1, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-60wt%, glutaraldehyde is added in the fifth step, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then dried at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, trace elements, protease inhibitor and starch adhesive are added into the crushed pieces after the oil removal and degreasing are squeezed, and the crushed pieces are mixed with the trace elements, the protease inhibitor and the starch adhesive at a certain temperature by utilizing an extrusion stirring roller, so that the trace elements and the protease inhibitor can be uniformly extruded into the crushed pieces, and the trace elements and the protease inhibitor are adhered to the crushed pieces by utilizing the starch adhesive, so that the nutritive value of the meat and bone meal raw material can be improved, the activity of protease in the meat and bone meal can be inhibited, the shelf life of the meat and bone meal raw material can be prolonged, a compact protective layer can be formed outside the meat and bone meal raw material after the treatment of gelatin, beewax, castor oil and ethanol, and the surface of the meat and bone meal raw material is crosslinked by glutaraldehyde treatment, so that the surface is positively large in comparison with the surface, the surface film layer is not easy to crack, the oxidation of air to the inside of the meat and bone meal raw material can be prevented, the nutrition loss of the meat and bone meal raw material can be prolonged;
2. the invention adopts dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts as raw materials, and the processing technology is simple, the production cost is lower and the processing efficiency is higher through high-pressure cooking sterilization, drying dehydration and squeezing deoiling degreasing treatment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to specific embodiments, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling, and separating the fragments from grease after the pressing treatment is finished;
step four: washing the fragments subjected to degreasing and deoiling in the third step, cleaning grease on the surfaces of the fragments, putting the cleaned fragments into a baking oven for drying, adding trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch adhesives into the fragments after the drying is finished, and extruding and stirring the fragments, the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives to obtain a mixed material;
step five: adding gelatin and water into the mixed material obtained in the step four, stirring uniformly, adding beeswax and castor oil, continuously stirring, pouring into glacial ethanol, standing, washing with acetone after standing, drying, adding ethanol solution, stirring uniformly, and adding glutaraldehyde, stirring uniformly to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
In a preferred embodiment, the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residue, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fish and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are washed by clean water firstly and then by clean essence, and then washed 3 times by clean water.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher in the first step is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized at the temperature of 125 ℃ under 0.4MPa for 30min during high-temperature steaming sterilization in the first step.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the kettle is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 134 ℃ and the cooking time is 35min during the high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment in the second step, and the water content of fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the oven temperature in step four is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the pieces is maintained at 55 ℃ prior to adding the micro-elements, protease inhibitors and starch binder to the pieces.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch binders are added in the fourth step in amounts of 0.1%, 0.06% and 0.16% by weight of the crumb, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace element is one or more of calcium iodate, ferrous sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and cobalt chloride, the starch binder is a mixture of tapioca binder, corn flour binder and water, and the mass ratio of the water, tapioca binder and corn flour binder is 1:2.7:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment, in the fourth step, the materials are extruded and stirred by adopting an extrusion stirring roller during extrusion and stirring, the extrusion pressure is 6MPa, the stirring speed is 100 revolutions per minute, and the temperature is kept at 53 ℃ during extrusion and stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the added amount of the gelatin, the water, the beeswax and the castor oil to the mixed material in the fifth step is 0.8:1.3:0.5:1:1, adding gelatin and water, stirring at 58 ℃, adding beeswax and castor oil, heating to 75 ℃ and stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the standing time after the ice-ethanol is poured in the fifth step is 40min, and the weight ratio of the addition amount of the ethanol solution and glutaraldehyde to the mixed material in the fifth step is 1.8:0.3: and 1, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 55wt%, glutaraldehyde is added in the fifth step, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then dried at 55 ℃ to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
Example 2:
in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the added amount of gelatin, water, beeswax and castor oil to the mixed material is 0.6:1.2:0.3:0.8:1.
example 3:
in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the added amount of gelatin, water, beeswax and castor oil to the mixed material is 0.9:1.5:0.6:1.3:1.
example 4:
the invention provides a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling, and separating the fragments from grease after the pressing treatment is finished;
step four: adding gelatin and water into the fragments obtained in the third step, stirring uniformly, adding beeswax and castor oil, stirring continuously, pouring into glacial ethanol, standing, washing with acetone after standing, drying, adding ethanol solution, stirring uniformly, and adding glutaraldehyde, stirring uniformly to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
In a preferred embodiment, the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residue, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fish and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are washed by clean water firstly and then by clean essence, and then washed 3 times by clean water.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher in the first step is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized at the temperature of 125 ℃ under 0.4MPa for 30min during high-temperature steaming sterilization in the first step.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the kettle is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 134 ℃ and the cooking time is 35min during the high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment in the second step, and the water content of fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the added amount of the gelatin, the water, the beeswax and the castor oil to the mixed material in the fourth step is 0.8:1.3:0.5:1:1, adding gelatin and water, stirring at 58 ℃, adding beeswax and castor oil, heating to 75 ℃ and stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the standing time after the ice-ethanol is poured in the fourth step is 40min, and the weight ratio of the addition amount of the ethanol solution and glutaraldehyde to the mixed material in the fourth step is 1.8:0.3: and 1, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 55wt%, glutaraldehyde is added in the fourth step, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then dried at 55 ℃ to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
Example 5:
the invention provides a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling, and separating the fragments from grease after the pressing treatment is finished;
step four: washing the fragments subjected to degreasing and deoiling in the third step, cleaning grease on the surfaces of the fragments, putting the cleaned fragments into a baking oven for drying, adding trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch adhesives into the fragments after the drying is finished, extruding and mixing the fragments, the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives, stirring and mixing the fragments, the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives, and drying after the mixing is uniform to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
In a preferred embodiment, the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residue, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fish and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are washed by clean water firstly and then by clean essence, and then washed 3 times by clean water.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher in the first step is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized at the temperature of 125 ℃ under 0.4MPa for 30min during high-temperature steaming sterilization in the first step.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the kettle is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 134 ℃ and the cooking time is 35min during the high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment in the second step, and the water content of fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the oven temperature in step four is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the pieces is maintained at 55 ℃ prior to adding the micro-elements, protease inhibitors and starch binder to the pieces.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch binders are added in the fourth step in amounts of 0.1%, 0.06% and 0.16% by weight of the crumb, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the trace element is one or more of calcium iodate, ferrous sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and cobalt chloride, the starch binder is a mixture of tapioca binder, corn flour binder and water, and the mass ratio of the water, tapioca binder and corn flour binder is 1:2.7:1.1.
in a preferred embodiment, in the fourth step, the materials are extruded and stirred by adopting an extrusion stirring roller during extrusion and stirring, the extrusion pressure is 6MPa, the stirring speed is 100 revolutions per minute, and the temperature is kept at 53 ℃ during extrusion and stirring.
Comparative example:
the invention provides a preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material, which comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: and (3) conveying the fragments subjected to the drying and dewatering treatment in the step (II) into a bone pressing machine for squeezing degreasing and deoiling, separating the fragments from grease after the squeezing treatment is finished, flushing the defatted and deoiled fragments, cleaning the grease on the surfaces of the fragments, and drying the cleaned fragments in a drying oven to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
In a preferred embodiment, the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residue, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fish and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are washed by clean water firstly and then by clean essence, and then washed 3 times by clean water.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher in the first step is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized at the temperature of 125 ℃ under 0.4MPa for 30min during high-temperature steaming sterilization in the first step.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the kettle is 0.5MPa, the temperature is 134 ℃ and the cooking time is 35min during the high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment in the second step, and the water content of fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
Meat and bone meal raw materials produced in the above examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were used as experiment group 1, experiment group 2, experiment group 3, experiment group 4 and experiment group 5, meat and bone meal raw materials produced in the comparative example were selected as control group, shelf life test was conducted on the selected meat and bone meal raw materials, other raw materials with the same proportion were added to each group of selected meat and bone meal raw materials to produce feeds, 10 raised pigs of the same breed were selected for each group of feeds, and the age of the selected pigs was the same, the total mass of feeds fed per day was the same, daily average weight gain of each group of pigs at 10 days, 20 days, 30 days and 40 days was recorded, and the test results were as shown in table one:
list one
According to the analysis of the surface, the shelf life of the meat and bone meal raw material prepared by adopting the production process is longer, the meat and bone meal raw material prepared by adopting the production process is better in nutritional value, the meat and bone meal raw material is not treated by trace elements and protease inhibitors, the shelf life of the produced feed is reduced, the produced feed is not treated by gelatin, water, beeswax, castor oil, ethanol solution and glutaraldehyde, the shelf life of the meat and bone meal raw material is reduced, the nutritional value of the produced feed is reduced, trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch adhesives are added into the crushed pieces after the oil and fat are removed by squeezing, the crushed pieces are mixed with the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives at a certain temperature by utilizing the squeezing stirring roller, the trace elements and the protease inhibitors are uniformly extruded into the crushed pieces by utilizing the starch adhesives, the trace elements and the protease inhibitors are adhered to the crushed pieces, the nutritional value of the meat and bone meal raw material is improved, the activity of protease in the meat and bone meal is inhibited, the shelf life of the meat and bone meal raw material is improved, the meat and bone meal raw material is easily subjected to treatment by gelatin, the beeswax, castor oil and ethanol solution and the glutaraldehyde, and the crushed and the bone meal raw material is easily subjected to surface treatment to form a protection layer on the outer side of the meat and bone meal raw material, and the surface is more easily broken, and the surface quality of the meat and bone meal raw material is prevented from being broken by the surface and surface quality of the surface and surface quality of the bone meal is not greatly increased.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a pressed meat and bone meal raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: fully cleaning dead animal carcasses and animal offcuts, putting the cleaned animal carcasses and animal offcuts into a crusher for crushing and screening, collecting generated blood in the crushing and screening process, and discharging the collected blood into a sewage treatment system after high-temperature digestion and sterilization;
step two: conveying the fragments crushed and screened in the first step into a harmless treatment kettle for high-temperature high-pressure cooking treatment, opening an exhaust valve after cooking, and drying and dehydrating materials in the kettle when the pressure in the kettle is reduced to 0;
step three: delivering the fragments subjected to the drying and dehydration treatment in the second step into a bone pressing machine for pressing degreasing and deoiling, and separating the fragments from grease after the pressing treatment is finished;
step four: washing the fragments subjected to degreasing and deoiling in the third step, cleaning grease on the surfaces of the fragments, putting the cleaned fragments into a baking oven for drying, adding trace elements, protease inhibitors and starch adhesives into the fragments after the drying is finished, and extruding and stirring the fragments, the trace elements, the protease inhibitors and the starch adhesives to obtain a mixed material;
step five: adding gelatin and water into the mixed material obtained in the step four, stirring uniformly, adding beeswax and castor oil, continuously stirring, pouring into glacial ethanol, standing, washing with acetone after standing, drying, adding ethanol solution, stirring uniformly, and adding glutaraldehyde, stirring uniformly to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
2. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the animal offal in the first step comprises one or more of livestock offal, meat scraps, meat skin and meat residues, the dead animal carcasses comprise one or more of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, cattle, fishes and shrimps, and the animal carcasses and the animal offal in the first step are firstly washed by clean water, then washed by clean essence and then washed by the clean water for 2-3 times.
3. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the size of the crushed aggregates screened by the crusher after crushing and screening in the step one is 20-40mm, and the crushed aggregates are sterilized for 20-40min at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ under the pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa during high-temperature steaming and boiling sterilization in the step one.
4. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure in the kettle is 0.4-0.6MPa, the temperature is 130-136 ℃ and the boiling time is 30-40min during the high-temperature high-pressure boiling treatment in the second step, and the water content of fragments after drying and dehydration in the second step is lower than 15%.
5. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the oven in the fourth step is 60-70 ℃, and the temperature of the fragments needs to be kept at 50-58 ℃ before adding trace elements, protease inhibitor and starch binder into the fragments.
6. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the addition amounts of the trace elements, the protease inhibitor and the starch adhesive in the fourth step are respectively (0.05-0.15 percent), 0.03-0.1 percent and 0.1-0.25 percent of the weight of the fragments.
7. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the trace elements are one or more of calcium iodate, ferrous sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and cobalt chloride, the starch adhesive is a mixture of tapioca flour adhesive, corn flour adhesive and water, and the mass ratio of the water to the tapioca flour adhesive to the corn flour adhesive is 1: (2-3.6): (0.8-1.5).
8. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the materials are extruded and stirred by adopting an extrusion stirring roller while being extruded and stirred, the extrusion pressure is 5-8MPa, the stirring speed is 80-120 r/min, and the temperature is kept at 50-55 ℃ while being extruded and stirred.
9. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the addition amount of gelatin, water, beeswax and castor oil to the mixed material is (0.6-0.9): (1.2-1.5): (0.3-0.6): (0.8-1.3): 1, adding gelatin and water, stirring at 55-60deg.C, adding Cera flava and oleum ricini, heating to 70-80deg.C, and stirring.
10. The method for preparing the pressed meat and bone meal raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and pouring the glacial ethanol into the step five, and standing for 35-45min, wherein the weight ratio of the addition amount of the ethanol solution and glutaraldehyde to the mixed material in the step five is (1.5-2): (0.2-0.4): 1, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-60wt%, glutaraldehyde is added in the fifth step, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then dried at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the pressed meat and bone meal raw material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116790447A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-22 | 吉林农业大学 | Culture medium prepared from meat and bone powder as raw material, and method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116790447A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-22 | 吉林农业大学 | Culture medium prepared from meat and bone powder as raw material, and method and application thereof |
| CN116790447B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2024-01-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Culture medium prepared from meat and bone powder as raw material, and method and application thereof |
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