CN114197247B - 一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法及纸口罩 - Google Patents
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法及纸口罩 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法及纸口罩，属于口罩用纸制备方法技术领域。现有技术中采取使用纸基制作口罩，由于纸的吸湿特性，容易在长久佩戴后吸收大量水分而湿强大打折扣，并且表面容易形成液珠，佩戴过程水接触皮肤进一步降低佩戴体验感。本发明口罩亲肤纸的制备方法利用30~50重量份竹浆与50~70重量份棉浆，配合20~50重量份PLA聚乳酸纤维与50~80重量份粘胶纤维，添加湿强剂与膨化剂，压榨、干燥、施胶、烘干获得口罩亲肤纸。同时具备较高的柔软度与强度，保证佩戴舒适性的同时延长使用寿命；具有更少的绒毛量，避免了水气在表面形成液珠而无法被吸收，既提高了纸面的吸水能力，又提高了口罩长久佩戴的舒适性。
Description
技术领域
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法及纸口罩，属于口罩用纸制备方法技术领域。
背景技术
目前常见的口罩结构包括吸湿层（内层）、核心过滤层（中层）与阻水层（外层），其中，阻水层与吸湿层一般材料均为无纺布。制备方法为无纺布与熔喷布高温压贴后制成，主要材质为PP、PET、PBT等高分子材料制作。
由于吸湿层为直接接触用户面部的一层，采用无纺布制作部分皮肤敏感人群对于无纺布口罩过敏，不能长时间佩戴；而且，无纺布本身吸湿能力较差，普通用户佩戴时间长后将产生大量水气凝结成液，同时无纺布本身亲肤感较差，佩戴舒适感较差。此外，无纺布多采用合成纤维，难以降解、回收，对后续处理造成极大的压力，污染环境。
现有技术中采取使用纸基制作口罩，虽然能够克服无纺布的污染环境与过敏的问题，但是由于纸的吸湿特性，容易在长久佩戴后吸收大量水分而湿强大打折扣，不能满足现代生活的多种强制佩戴口罩的场景，并且表面容易形成液珠，佩戴过程水接触皮肤进一步降低佩戴体验感。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种佩戴舒适感高，湿强大，适宜长久佩戴使用的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法及纸口罩。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1）以绝干量记，30~50重量份竹浆与50~70重量份棉浆碎浆疏解至叩解度10~17°SR；
以绝干量记，20~50重量份PLA聚乳酸纤维 与50~80重量份粘胶纤维混合均匀；
2）步骤1）所得混合物按重量比0.7~0.8：1混合均匀，加水调节质量浓度1.5~2.5%，加入湿强剂与膨化剂，用硫酸铝或片碱调节pH至6.5~7.5，进入流浆箱制备得到湿纸料；
3）经压榨、干燥、施胶、烘干获得成品；
步骤3）施胶所用浸渍液按重量份包括丙烯酸乳液30~50份，纯丙乳液10~30份，聚醋酸乙烯乳液20~40份，乳霜0.1~0.5份。
利用了棉浆的柔软、亲肤特性，同时利用了竹浆纤维的硬度、强度，相互配合，使口罩纸在保证柔软舒适的同时，获得良好的湿强度、支撑强度，与脸部保持一定距离，提高佩戴舒适性，同时，竹浆与棉浆采用疏解机疏解，采用了轻微磨浆，以分丝帚化为主，避免切断，保持纤维长度，有效的减少了口罩纸表面的绒毛量，从而降低了表面凝结液珠的可能性，长久佩戴下表面无水珠，佩戴舒适感更好，同时也提高了纸面湿强度；配合的粘胶纤维在受热后更容易与竹浆纤维、棉浆纤维黏连缠结，相互配合，既提高了纸面强度、湿强度，也避免了其他纤维与竹浆、棉浆无法形成良好结合导致的绒毛量大的问题，进一步提高了长久佩戴的舒适性；在施胶助剂中添加的乳霜也能够有效提高口罩纸的亲肤感，提高佩戴舒适性。而更少的绒毛也使口罩纸表面更为光滑，不易积聚灰尘病菌，提高了口罩安全性，特别适于制作口罩。此外，在所述的竹浆与棉浆情况下，采用所述的聚乳酸纤维与粘胶纤维与之配合，聚乳酸纤维能够提高上述长纤维的分散效果，保证了纸面均匀性、舒适度，而粘胶纤维则能够保证柔软度，进一步提高舒适性；聚乳酸纤维过多则可能导致柔软度下降，而粘胶纤维过多则可能导致纤维分散效果差。
优选的，步骤1）所述的疏解之前，使木浆与棉浆在3~4%质量浓度下碎解8~12min。
优选的浓度与碎解时间下，获得的较低叩解度，能够最大限度的保证竹浆、木浆纤维的结构完整性，防止被切断，避免绒毛，同时，优选的浓度与碎解时间也能够保证纤维的浸水量与浸水时间，纤维充分润涨，既保持了纤维原有形态、强度，又保证了舒适度与结合强度，对口罩纸提供良好的佩戴舒适性与湿强度。
优选的，步骤2）所述的湿强剂为聚酰胺—环氧氯丙烷树脂。
湿强剂进一步优选固含量12~13%，粘度35~70cp（25℃），pH4~5。湿强剂用于提高纸张的湿强度，而优选的湿强剂无毒无害，能够有效减少重金属离子和有毒害物质污染，特别适用于口罩纸。同时加入的湿强剂也能使纸张在后续的工艺、浸胶过程中不易断纸。
进一步优选的，所述的丙烯酸乳液的玻璃化温度为-10℃。
丙烯酸乳液的玻璃化温度影响到纸面的柔软度与透气度，当丙烯酸乳液玻璃化温度过低则会使最终的纸面柔软度好，但透气度差，玻璃化温度过高则透气度上升而柔软度差，优选的丙烯酸乳液具备与所述的制备方法最佳的配合效果，使纸面兼具合适的柔软度与透气度，兼顾舒适度与实用性。
膨化剂能够提高纸张的膨化效果，使纸的膨化幅度达到40~50%。优选的膨化剂保证成纸较高的松厚度和吸胶稳定性，在后续施胶过程能够充分吸收浸渍液，尤其适于配合乳霜与乳液，提高纸张亲肤感，同时提高纸面力学强度。
优选的，步骤2）所述的湿强剂与膨化剂的质量比为20~50：1。
优选的质量比能使纸张具备更强的湿强度与浸渍吸收能力。
优选的，步骤3）施胶采用辊式施胶机。
辊式施胶机特性是在纸张经过浸渍液后，即立即对纸面挤压过辊，将纸张吸收的浸渍液压入纸张内层，从而实现纸张施胶吸收效果内更均匀，尤其配合本发明在浸渍液中添加的乳液与乳霜等大分子粘稠成分，易于充分浸渍，提高纸张力学强度与亲肤感。
优选的，步骤2）流浆箱中采用双层斜网流浆。
在流浆箱中采用更厚的双层的斜网进行流浆，脱水快，最大限度保证纸浆纤维的留着，解决了表面掉毛掉粉的现象。
优选的，步骤3）所述的干燥采用穿透缸热风干燥。
穿透缸干燥保证了纸张的松厚度，使得纸张的吸胶性能好并且稳定，
优选的，所述的浸渍液还包括杀菌剂0.05~0.5份，消泡剂0.1~0.5份。
增加杀菌剂使纸面获得一定的杀菌性能，可应用于口罩内层与外层，均能够起到良好的防护作用，延长口罩的使用寿命，消泡剂则降低了施胶剂，即浸渍液的泡沫量，使纸面浸渍过程中充分接触浸渍液，保证浸渍效果。
一种纸口罩，其特征在于：由内层至外层依次为吸湿层、过滤层与阻水层；吸湿层采用以上所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法制得的口罩亲肤纸。
利用上述的口罩亲肤纸佩戴舒适性的特性，特别适于作为口罩内层接触皮肤，并且具有更长的佩戴使用时间和寿命，降低了口罩对熔喷布、无纺布的需要，减少化纤垃圾产生量，保护环境。
优选的，所述的阻水层采用以上所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法制得的口罩亲肤纸。
利用上述口罩亲肤纸的较高湿强度，完全可作为口罩外层的阻水层，尤其利用添加了杀菌剂的口罩亲肤纸，能够提供优良的杀菌性能，特别适合上述的“长久佩戴”的特性，延长使用时间的同时保证消毒安全。同时具备较好的强度，并且相较于无纺布阻水层具有更好的透气效果，佩戴舒适感更佳。
与现有技术相比，本发明所具有的有益效果是：同时具备较高的柔软度与强度，保证佩戴舒适性的同时延长使用寿命；具有更少的绒毛量，避免了水气在表面形成液珠而无法被吸收，既提高了纸面的吸水能力，又提高了口罩长久佩戴的舒适性，显著提高了湿强度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明，实施例1是本发明的最佳实施例。
以下所用的膨化剂为广州明日化工生产的膨松剂；杀菌剂为富坤新材料扬州有限公司生产的杀菌剂champro-0416；乳霜为富坤新材料扬州有限公司生产的柔润露-21832；丙烯酸乳液购买自巴斯夫（中国）有限公司生产的S888乳液。
实施例1
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）以绝干量记，400kg竹浆与600kg棉浆碎浆，加水至浓度3%碎解10min，在锥形疏解机疏解至叩解度16°SR；
2）以绝干量记，350kg PLA聚乳酸纤维 与650kg粘胶纤维混合均匀，通入1#加填池备用；
3）步骤1）获得浆料通入1#加填池与步骤2）获得浆料混合均匀后，通入2#加填池，按重量比4：6混合均匀，加水调节至质量浓度2%，加入97kg聚酰胺—环氧氯丙烷树脂与3kg膨化剂，用硫酸铝调节pH6.5~7.5，进入流浆箱采用斜网流浆脱水成型制备得到湿纸料；
湿强剂聚酰胺—环氧氯丙烷树脂固含量12.5±0.5，粘度35～70cp（25℃），pH4~5；
4）经压榨、干燥、施胶、烘干，经卷曲部卷曲获得母卷，经复卷机分切母卷获得口罩亲肤纸。
步骤4）施胶所用浸渍液按重量份包括丙烯酸乳液40kg，纯丙乳液200kg，聚醋酸乙烯乳液300kg，乳霜5kg，杀菌剂3kg，消泡剂3kg。其中丙烯酸乳液玻璃化温度为-10℃。
干燥采用穿透缸热风干燥，施胶采用辊式施胶机。
实施例2
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤1）采用500kg竹浆与500kg棉浆，其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤1）叩解度采用17°SR，在步骤4）中采用玻璃化温度为-20℃的丙烯酸乳液，其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤2）采用500kgPLA聚乳酸纤维与500kg粘胶纤维，其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例1
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤1）采用500kg针叶浆，其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例2
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤1）采用500kg针叶浆，打浆至打浆度为20°SR，代替原疏解步骤，其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例3
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤2）采用350kg PLA聚乳酸纤维 与650kg天丝纤维，其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例4
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤1）采用400kg针叶浆与600kg棉浆碎浆，加水至浓度3%碎解10min，在锥形疏解机疏解至叩解度17°SR，其他条件与实施例1相同。
对比例5
一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，在实施例1的基础上，步骤3）不添加膨化剂，其他条件与实施例1相同。
实施例5~8与对比例6~10
一种纸口罩，由内层至外层依次为吸湿层、过滤层与阻水层；吸湿层与阻水层均采用实施例1~4与对比例1~5制得的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法制得的的口罩亲肤纸。
性能测试
测试上述口罩亲肤纸的厚度、纵向干拉力、湿拉力与透气度，测试实施例4~6与对比例5~8所得口罩佩戴舒适度，其中：
湿拉力的测试方式：沿纸机纵向裁取15mm*260mm多根，测试纸样无褶皱，裂口毛边等问题，浸入水中1.5±0.5cm，时间4~5s取出后用滤纸将表面的水吸干，用拉力机A砣检测，测试速度260。
纵向干拉力测试方法：沿纸机纵向裁取15㎜×260㎜的纸样多根，宽度误差﹢2㎜，-1㎜，用拉力机B砣检测，测试速度260米。
透气度测试方法：取完好无损、没受潮、没褶皱的一张纸样，用透气度检测仪，把纸样轻轻夹紧即可，测量量筒设定100毫升，检测读取数值（数值越大则纸张透气阻力越大）。
柔软度测试方法：使用柔软度仪进行测试，取100mm×100mm样品，柔软度仪测定间隙为5mm，检测读取数值（数值越大则纸张越硬）。
以下实施例与对比例中所得口罩纸定量16~19g/㎡，厚度45~70um。
测试结果分别见下表1、2。
表1 力学性能测试
舒适性测试采用多位男性测试人员，在办公室场景下，分别佩戴上述实施例5~8与对比例6~10所得口罩，每种口罩对应3名测试人员，共计24名测试人员，在每天上午9点开始佩戴，至测试人员能够感觉到口罩内层出现水珠结束，记录时间，每种口罩从佩戴至结束用时取平均值为该口罩佩戴时长，舒适度采用测试人员体感，分为优、良、差，按权重3、2、1向上取平均值对应优、良、差。舒适性测试共计测试两天，两次实验。
表2 佩戴舒适性测试
与普通口罩相比，实施例1~4所得口罩表面绒毛少，减少与面部摩擦，减少对皮肤的刺激；减少呼吸作用产生的水汽在绒毛表面凝聚成水珠，适合长时间佩戴；光滑的表面不易聚集灰尘和病菌等物质；有黏胶纤维，有一定的黏连作用，减少毛羽，使用的浸渍乳液能够将纤维固化，从而减少纤维断裂产生更多毛羽。对比例5获得的口罩在未添加膨化剂的情况下，纤维未能充分膨胀分散，形成的孔隙密度低，纸面硬直，不适于配合所述的长的竹浆、棉浆纤维。
同时增加了乳霜，提高了纸面的亲肤性，佩戴更舒适，而杀菌剂的加入则能够保证持久杀菌，恰好适合了上述发明长久佩戴的特性，一举多得。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1）以绝干量记，30~50重量份竹浆与50~70重量份棉浆在3~4%质量浓度下碎解8~12min，碎浆疏解至叩解度10~17°SR；以绝干量记，20~50重量份PLA聚乳酸纤维与50~80重量份粘胶纤维混合均匀；
2）步骤1）所得混合物按重量比0.7~0.8：1混合均匀，加水调节至质量浓度1.5~2.5%，加入湿强剂聚酰胺—环氧氯丙烷树脂与膨化剂，用硫酸铝或片碱调节pH至6.5~7.5，进入流浆箱制备得到湿纸料；所述的湿强剂与膨化剂的质量比为20~50：1；
3）经压榨、干燥、施胶、烘干获得成品；
步骤3）施胶所用浸渍液按重量份包括丙烯酸乳液30~50份，纯丙乳液10~30份，聚醋酸乙烯乳液20~40份，乳霜0.1~0.5份；所述的丙烯酸乳液玻璃化温度-10℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3）施胶采用辊式施胶机。
3.根据权利要求1所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3）所述的干燥采用穿透缸热风干燥。
4.根据权利要求1所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的浸渍液还包括杀菌剂0.05~0.5份，消泡剂0.1~0.5份。
5.一种纸口罩，其特征在于：由内层至外层依次为吸湿层、过滤层与阻水层；吸湿层采用权利要求1~4任一项所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法制得的口罩亲肤纸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的纸口罩，其特征在于：所述的阻水层采用权利要求1~4任一项所述的口罩亲肤纸的制备方法制得的口罩亲肤纸。
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Denomination of invention: Preparation method of skin friendly paper for masks and paper masks Effective date of registration: 20231211 Granted publication date: 20230124 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Zibo Linzi Branch Pledgor: ZIBO OUMU SPECIAL PAPER INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980070652 |