CN114192109A - 一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的制备方法,步骤如下:称取氧化石墨烯加入去离子水中超声处理备用;将去离子水加入锥形瓶并置于60℃超声水浴中,通入氮气,加入六水氯化铁,搅拌溶解;然后加入七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌溶解;再加入超声处理后的氧化石墨烯,搅拌均匀;逐滴加入氢氧化钠溶液,调整溶液pH至9‑10;最后加入五水硫酸铜,维持溶液pH为9‑10,搅拌60分钟;静置沉淀,倾出上清液,用去离子水反复清洗至中性,冷冻干燥、研磨装袋。石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂用于去除水中有毒砷离子,具有稳定性好、吸附效率高、制造成本低、可回收再利用等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水中除砷复合吸附剂制备技术领域,具体涉及一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
砷是一种普遍存在的类金属元素,它可通过自然风化、生物作用、球化学反应等自然活动及人类工农业生产活动进入水流,长期饮用砷含量超标的水会导致高血压、心血管疾病肾癌、肝癌等多种人类健康疾病,砷污染作为全球性的环境问题已日益突出。在自然水域中,无机砷化物主要以+3和+5两种价态形式存在,而在氧化条件和酸性pH值下,砷则以+5价态形式存在。金属氧化物材料对水中重金属砷有较好的吸附效果,但此类材料多为粉体材料,较难从水溶液中分离且易团聚,故而限制其投入实际应用。
氧化石墨烯表面具有丰富的官能团,目前,国内外砷去除领域学术研究表明,将铁基材料制备成磁性四氧化三铁材料,并将其负载再氧化石墨烯表面,可同时解决吸附剂的团聚及从水溶液中的分离问题,但氧化石墨烯/四氧化三铁复合吸附剂比表面积仅为110-140m2/g,且其最大吸附容量仅为18mg/g左右。因此,寻求一种易与从水中分离的即能解决金属氧化物复合吸附剂易团聚问题,同时具有较大砷吸附容量的高效复合吸附剂具有重大现实意义。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种成本低廉、制备过程简单,吸附效果好,且可重复回收利用的用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:
一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 称取0.462g氧化石墨烯加入50ml去离子水中超声处理1小时,备用;
S2. 将50ml去离子水加入150ml的锥形瓶置于60℃超声水浴中,通入氮气,并加入0.03mol的六水氯化铁,搅拌溶解;
S3. 向S2所得溶液中加入0.03mol的七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌溶解;
S4. 向S3所得溶液中加入S1超声处理后的氧化石墨烯,搅拌均匀;
S5. 向S4产物中逐滴加入5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,调整溶液pH至9-10;
S6. 向S5产物中加入0.02mol的五水硫酸铜,同时滴加5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,维持溶液pH为9-10,搅拌60分钟;
S7. 静置沉淀,倾出上清液,用去离子水反复清洗至中性,冷冻干燥、研磨装袋,即得石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂。
一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂,由上述制备方法制得。
所述石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中铁氧化物与铜氧化物的摩尔比为3:1。
所述石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中氧化石墨烯质量与铁、铜元素质量和的比值为1:9。
采用上述技术方案本发明具有成本低廉,制备过程简单,且吸附剂可回收再利用。本发明在氧化石墨烯/四氧化三铁复合吸附剂的基础上引入了金属铜氧化物,并明确了吸附剂中铁氧化物与铜氧化物的最佳摩尔比,以及氧化石墨烯的最佳质量比例,从而大大增加了复合吸附剂的比表面积,使比表面积达155m2/g以上,增强了吸附剂对水中砷的吸附效果。
具体实施方式
一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 称取0.462g氧化石墨烯加入50ml去离子水中超声处理1小时备用;
S2. 将50ml去离子水加入150ml的锥形瓶置于60℃超声水浴中,通入氮气,并加入0.03mol的六水氯化铁,搅拌溶解;
S3. 加入0.03mol的七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌溶解;
S4. 加入S1超声处理后的氧化石墨烯,搅拌均匀;
S5. 逐滴加入5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,调整溶液pH至9-10;
S6. 加入0.02mol的五水硫酸铜,同时滴加5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,维持溶液pH为9-10,搅拌60分钟;
S7. 静置沉淀,倾出上清液,用去离子水反复清洗至中性,冷冻干燥、研磨装袋即得石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂。
所制得的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中铁氧化物与铜氧化物的摩尔比为3:1,所得石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中氧化石墨烯质量与铁、铜元素质量和的比值为1:9。
所制得的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的吸附效果如下:
实验例1:以浓度为15mg/L的砷(+5价)溶液为例进行效果说明。
用电子天平称取6mg所制备的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂于40ml玻璃管中,加入20ml浓度为15mg/L的砷(+5价)溶液,置于试管翻转混合器中(转速30rpm),24h后取下玻璃管,过膜取样、加酸保存,测定溶液中的As(+5价)浓度,经测定、计算得出每克吸附剂砷(+5价)的吸附容量为62.1mg。
实验例2:以浓度为15mg/L的砷(+3价)溶液为例进行效果说明。
用电子天平称取6mg所制备的吸附剂材料于40ml玻璃管中,加入20ml浓度为15mg/L的砷(+3价)溶液,置于试管翻转混合器中(转速30rpm),24h后取下玻璃管,过膜取样、加酸保存,测定溶液中的As(+3价)浓度,经测定、计算得出每克吸附剂砷(+3价)的吸附容量为70.3mg。
本发明是在氧化石墨烯/四氧化三铁复合吸附剂的基础上引入金属铜氧化物,限定了吸附剂中铁氧化物与铜氧化物的最佳摩尔比,以及氧化石墨烯的最佳质量比例,从而大大增加了复合吸附剂的比表面积,使比表面积达155m2/g以上,增强了吸附剂对水中砷的吸附效果,远大于现有技术中氧化石墨烯/四氧化三铁复合吸附剂的最大吸附容量18mg/g。
本发明制备的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂可以重复回收再利用,具体操作方法如下:利用石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的磁性将吸附砷后的吸附剂进行分离、洗涂、收集,烘干后将其浸泡于过量的0.04mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中,翻转混合器中解吸24小时后,抽滤、用去离子水洗至中性,放入干燥箱内烘干即可,吸附去除效果可达初次吸附效果的80%左右。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容均属于本领域技术人员公知的现有技术。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1. 称取0.462g氧化石墨烯加入50ml去离子水中超声处理1小时,备用;
S2. 将50ml去离子水加入150ml的锥形瓶置于60℃超声水浴中,通入氮气,并加入0.03mol的六水氯化铁,搅拌溶解;
S3. 向S2所得溶液中加入0.03mol的七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌溶解;
S4. 向S3所得溶液中加入S1超声处理后的氧化石墨烯,搅拌均匀;
S5. 向S4产物中逐滴加入5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,调整溶液pH至9-10;
S6. 向S5产物中加入0.02mol的五水硫酸铜,同时滴加5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,维持溶液pH为9-10,搅拌60分钟;
S7. 静置沉淀,倾出上清液,用去离子水反复清洗至中性,冷冻干燥、研磨装袋,即得石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂。
2.一种用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂,其特征在于,由权利要求1所述制备方法制得。
3.根据权利要求1所述用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂,其特征在于,所述石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中铁氧化物与铜氧化物的摩尔比为3:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于水中除砷的石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂,其特征是,所述石墨烯铜铁氧化物复合吸附剂中氧化石墨烯质量与铁、铜元素质量和的比值为1:9。
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