CN114190493A - Grouper starch-free feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Grouper starch-free feed and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114190493A
CN114190493A CN202111063080.1A CN202111063080A CN114190493A CN 114190493 A CN114190493 A CN 114190493A CN 202111063080 A CN202111063080 A CN 202111063080A CN 114190493 A CN114190493 A CN 114190493A
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vitamin
grouper
fish
starch
feed
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潘明官
许云英
肖长峰
朱丽慧
陈乃松
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Shanghai Nonghao Feed Co ltd
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Shanghai Nonghao Feed Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Abstract

The invention discloses a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the grouper starch-free feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein 470kg of super steam fish meal, 190kg of fermented soybean meal, 90-110kg of peanut kernel meal, 20-30kg of corn protein powder, 40-60kg of vital gluten, 15-25kg of silkworm chrysalis meal, 20-30kg of shrimp paste, 50-60kg of fish oil, 20-30kg of soybean lecithin oil, 12-17kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-5kg of choline chloride, 2-4kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 30-40kg of seaweed gel, 0.5-1.5kg of fish multi-vitamin, 0.5-1.0kg of VC ester, 0.5-1.0kg of mildew preventive, 0.2-0.5kg of antioxidant, 0.2-0.5kg of carnitine and 0.2-0.3kg of inositol are contained in the feed, and the invention effectively reduces the influence of starch on biochemical and immunological indexes of grouper fish serum; but also can effectively improve the production indexes of the grouper such as the digestion rate and the feed coefficient.

Description

Grouper starch-free feed and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Epinephelus (Epinephalussp), bass, genus Epinephelus, are nutritious, fatty, high protein, tender and white in flesh, like chicken, and are known as "sea chicken" which is a rare marine fish in the world. The sea area like to inhabit rock reefs, gravels and coral reef bottom materials near the coastal island is not generally grouped. The perching water layer rises and falls with the change of the water temperature. The water is distributed in the water depth of 10-30 meters in spring and summer, and can appear in the water depth of 2-3 meters in full summer; when the water temperature is reduced in autumn and winter, the water swims to a deeper water area of 40-80 meters. The suitable temperature range is 15-34 ℃, and the optimum water temperature is 22-28 ℃. Has wide salt application range and can survive in sea area with salinity of more than 10 per mill. Predation of benthic crustaceans, various small fishes and cephalopods is carried out in a violent manner for carnivorous fierce fishes.
The grouper is mainly distributed in the east sea and the south sea, the resource amount is rare, the grouper has good breeding prospect due to delicious meat flavor, fast growth, huge market potential and economic value, and becomes one of important and famous varieties for mariculture in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and other places, and the annual breeding amount is more than 10 ten thousand tons. At present, the compound expanded feed for Shiban fish also becomes one of the current research hotspots.
The fish and shrimp feed features high protein and low energy, and common starch material (such as wheat, flour and cassava) belongs to energy feed, but starch can enhance the viscosity of the material after gelatinization and plays a role in expansion and adhesion in the final puffed product, so that a certain amount of starch material must be used in aquatic feed all the time. However, if the starch content in the aquatic feed is too high, the negative effect on the fish culture is also achieved. Therefore, the aquatic feed with low starch and no starch is an important development direction for future development, is especially important for groupers, and is a bottleneck and a difficult problem to be solved urgently.
Research on current aquatic feeds with low (or no) starch formulations has made a breakthrough in europe, and floating aquatic feeds with a starch content of less than 10% have been widely used. In China, the problem is relatively late, and the research and the application are few. If the method can break through the non-starch expanded feed for the garrupa, the method can fill the blank of the non-starch expanded feed for the garrupa in China, and has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the grouper starch-free feed comprises the following components by weight: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein 470kg of super steam fish meal, 190kg of fermented soybean meal, 90-110kg of peanut kernel meal, 20-30kg of corn protein powder, 40-60kg of vital gluten, 15-25kg of silkworm chrysalis meal, 20-30kg of shrimp paste, 50-60kg of fish oil, 20-30kg of soybean lecithin oil, 12-17kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-5kg of choline chloride, 2-4kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 30-40kg of seaweed gel, 0.5-1.5kg of fish multi-vitamin, 0.5-1.0kg of VC ester, 0.5-1.0kg of mildew preventive, 0.2-0.5kg of antioxidant, 0.2-0.5kg of carnitine and 0.2-0.3kg of inositol.
As a further scheme of the invention: the fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the indexes of the multi-dimensional medium trace elements of the fish are as follows: 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium.
5. As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials such as monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine, inositol and the like according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp paste and the like are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
and (4) directly feeding the crushed mixture in the third step into a secondary mixer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: tempering is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 90-95 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 22-25%, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the grouper starch-free feed, plant starch-containing raw materials such as wheat and corn are not added into the raw materials, and components such as seaweed gel and carboxymethyl fiber are added to solve the problem of feed particle adhesion, so that the influence of starch-free addition on the feed granulation adhesion is solved, and the influence of starch in the feed on biochemical and immunological indexes of grouper serum is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the production indexes of the grouper such as the improvement of the digestibility and the feed coefficient can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof comprise the following components by weight: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein the super steam fish meal (protein content 66 percent) is 470kg, the fermented soybean meal (protein content 48.5 percent) is 190kg, the peanut kernel meal (protein content 47.8 percent) is 90-110kg, the corn protein powder (protein content 60 percent) is 20-30kg, the wheat gluten powder (protein content 76 percent) is 40-60kg, the silkworm chrysalis meal (protein content 53 percent) is 15-25kg, the shrimp paste (protein content 36 percent) is 20-30kg, the fish oil is 50-60kg, the soybean phosphatide oil is 20-30kg, the calcium dihydrogen phosphate is 12-17kg, the choline chloride (content 60 percent) is 2-5kg, the carboxymethyl fiber is 2-4kg, the seaweed gel is 30-40kg, the fish multi-vitamin is 0.5-1.5kg, the VC ester (content 35 percent) is 0.5-1.0kg, the mildew preventive is 0.5-1.0kg, the antioxidant is 0.2-0.5kg, 0.2-0.5kg of carnitine and 0.2-0.3kg of inositol;
the fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin;
the indexes of the multi-dimensional medium trace elements of the fish are as follows: 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium;
a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials such as monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine, inositol and the like according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp paste and the like are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
The mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
the mixture crushed in the third step directly enters a secondary mixer;
tempering is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 90-95 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 22-25%, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
Example one
A grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the grouper starch-free feed comprises the following components by weight: 460kg of super steam fish meal (with protein content of 66 percent), 180kg of fermented soybean meal (with protein content of 48.5 percent), 100kg of peanut kernel meal (with protein content of 47.8 percent), 25kg of corn protein powder (with protein content of 60 percent), 50kg of wheat gluten (with protein content of 76 percent), 20kg of silkworm chrysalis meal (with protein content of 53 percent), 25kg of shrimp paste (with protein content of 36 percent), 55kg of fish oil, 25kg of soybean lecithin oil, 15.75kg of monocalcium phosphate, 3kg of choline chloride (with protein content of 60 percent), 3kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 35kg of seaweed gel, 1kg of fish multivitamin, 0.7kg of VC ester (with content of 35 percent), 0.5kg of mildew preventive, 0.5kg of antioxidant, 0.3kg of carnitine and 0.25kg of inositol.
The fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin;
the indexes of the multi-vitamin medium trace elements of the fish are 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials such as monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine, inositol and the like according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp paste and the like are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
The mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
the mixture crushed in the third step directly enters a secondary mixer;
tempering in the fourth step is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 93 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 24%, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
Example two
A grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the grouper starch-free feed comprises the following components by weight: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein 450kg of super steam fish meal (protein content 66%), 170kg of fermented soybean meal (protein content 48.5%), 90kg of peanut kernel meal (protein content 47.8%), 20kg of corn protein powder (protein content 60%), 40kg of gluten powder (protein content 76%), 15kg of silkworm chrysalis meal (protein content 53%), 20kg of shrimp paste (protein content 36%), 50kg of fish oil, 20kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 12kg of calcium biphosphate, 2kg of choline chloride (content 60%), 2kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 30kg of seaweed gel, 0.5kg of fish multi-vitamin, 0.5kg of VC ester (content 35%), 0.5kg of mildew preventive, 0.2kg of antioxidant, 0.2kg of carnitine and 0.2kg of inositol;
the fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin;
the indexes of the multi-dimensional medium trace elements of the fish are as follows: 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium;
a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials such as monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine, inositol and the like according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp paste and the like are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
The mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
the mixture crushed in the third step directly enters a secondary mixer;
tempering in the fourth step is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 90 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 22 percent, and the percentages are mass percentages of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
EXAMPLE III
A grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the grouper starch-free feed comprises the following components by weight: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein 470kg of super steam fish meal (protein content 66%), 190kg of fermented soybean meal (protein content 48.5%), 110kg of peanut kernel meal (protein content 47.8%), 30kg of corn protein powder (protein content 60%), 60kg of gluten powder (protein content 76%), 25kg of silkworm chrysalis meal (protein content 53%), 30kg of shrimp paste (protein content 36%), 60kg of fish oil, 30kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 17kg of calcium biphosphate, 5kg of choline chloride (content 60%), 4kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 40kg of seaweed gel, 1.5kg of fish multi-vitamin, 1.0kg of VC ester (content 35%), 1.0kg of mildew preventive, 0.5kg of antioxidant, 0.5kg of carnitine and 0.3kg of inositol;
the fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin;
the indexes of the multi-dimensional medium trace elements of the fish are as follows: 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium;
a grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials such as monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine, inositol and the like according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp paste and the like are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
The mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
the mixture crushed in the third step directly enters a secondary mixer;
tempering in the fourth step is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 95 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 25 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
Animal experiments
The method selects the pearl giant grouper with strong fish body, strong vitality, no disease, no scale damage and good skin color to breed. 6000 tails of grouper fries with the initial weight of about 10.00g are purchased together in the batch. The test was divided into 1 test group and 1 control group, each group having 3000 replicates, each group having 3 replicates, each replicate having 1000 replicates. The control group adopts a conventional feed group on the market, and the test period is 8 months. The apparent satiation was fed 2 times a day (8:00 and 16: 00). Circulating water of the culture system is filtered and disinfected by ultraviolet rays. The whole culture system is continuously aerated, the water temperature is maintained at 28-30 ℃, the salinity is 26-29, the dissolved oxygen is higher than 7.0mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is lower than 0.03 mg/L. The natural illumination period was used during the breeding experiments. The control group used commercial grouper feed.
The test results of the test group and the control group show (the specific results are shown in table 1): the fish is bred under the same condition, the average weight of the tested fishes is remarkably improved by 151.71 g/tail, the survival rate is remarkably improved by 12.26%, the bait coefficient is remarkably reduced by 0.11, and the apparent digestibility of the feed protein is remarkably improved by 4.28% at the end of the test. Compared with a control group, other serum biochemical indexes are also remarkably improved, and the serum biochemical indexes of the test group are respectively reduced by 0.07 mmol.L < -1 >, 1.39 mmol.L < -1 > and 1.00 mmol.L < -1 >. The activity of lysozyme is improved by 17.05 U.mL < -1 > as a non-specific immune index, which indicates that the disease resistance of the fish body is obviously enhanced. The results show that the production indexes of the grouper starch-free feed are remarkably improved, the health degree of the grouper is enhanced, and the disease resistance is enhanced.
The results of the test group and the control group are specifically shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 test results
Figure BDA0003257356390000101
Significant differences (P <0.05) are marked, very significant (P < 0.001).
According to the grouper starch-free feed, plant starch-containing raw materials such as wheat and corn are not added into the raw materials, and components such as seaweed gel and carboxymethyl fiber are added to solve the problem of feed particle adhesion, so that the influence of starch-free addition on the feed granulation adhesion is solved, and the influence of starch in the feed on biochemical and immunological indexes of grouper serum is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the production indexes of the grouper such as the improvement of the digestibility and the feed coefficient can be effectively improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A grouper starch-free feed and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that: the weight of each component is as follows: the total mass is 1000kg, wherein 470kg of super steam fish meal, 190kg of fermented soybean meal, 90-110kg of peanut kernel meal, 20-30kg of corn protein powder, 40-60kg of vital gluten, 15-25kg of silkworm chrysalis meal, 20-30kg of shrimp paste, 50-60kg of fish oil, 20-30kg of soybean lecithin oil, 12-17kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-5kg of choline chloride, 2-4kg of carboxymethyl fiber, 30-40kg of seaweed gel, 0.5-1.5kg of fish multi-vitamin, 0.5-1.0kg of VC ester, 0.5-1.0kg of mildew preventive, 0.2-0.5kg of antioxidant, 0.2-0.5kg of carnitine and 0.2-0.3kg of inositol.
2. The grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises: the fish multivitamin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5700000IU/kg of vitamin A, 31400000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 57000IU/kg of vitamin E, 310700mg/kg of vitamin K, 16850 mg/kg of vitamin B, 211400 mg/kg of vitamin B, 611200 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1228.5 mg/kg of vitamin B, 25200mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 34200mg/kg of nicotinic acid, 2170mg/kg of folic acid, 100000mg/kg of VC, 142000mg/kg of inositol and 114mg/kg of biotin.
3. The grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises: the indexes of the multi-dimensional medium trace elements of the fish are as follows: 8000ppm of iron, 5000ppm of zinc, 300ppm of copper, 1000ppm of manganese, 200ppm of iodine and 40ppm of selenium.
4. The grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, carboxymethyl fiber, seaweed glue, fish multivitamin, VC ester, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant, carnitine and inositol according to a formula to prepare a small material additive;
step two: super steam fish meal, fermented soybean meal, peanut kernel meal, corn protein powder, wheat gluten, silkworm chrysalis meal and shrimp paste are used as large raw materials;
step three: uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small additive, and crushing to obtain a mixture;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the fish oil and the phospholipid oil, and then carrying out conditioning, granulation, drying, cooling, grading and packaging.
5. The grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof according to claim 4, wherein the feed comprises: the mixing in the third step is carried out in a primary mixer;
the third step is that the grinding is carried out in an ultrafine grinder, the grinding fineness is more than 95% by mass, and the mixture can pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
and (4) directly feeding the crushed mixture in the third step into a secondary mixer.
6. The grouper starch-free feed and the preparation method thereof according to claim 4, wherein the feed comprises: tempering is carried out in a tempering device, the tempering temperature is 90-95 ℃, the moisture content after tempering is 22-25%, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the granulation in the fourth step is carried out in a bulking machine;
the drying in the fourth step is carried out in a dryer, the moisture content after drying is less than 10 percent, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the raw materials;
the temperature difference between the cooled material and the room temperature in the fourth step is within 5 ℃;
the grading and packaging in the fourth step are carried out according to the particle size of the feed particles;
and the tempering in the fourth step is strong tempering, and the strong tempering is carried out in a differential tempering device.
CN202111063080.1A 2021-09-10 2021-09-10 Grouper starch-free feed and preparation method thereof Pending CN114190493A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104509753A (en) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-15 上海农好饲料有限公司 Microparticle feed for grouper fries and preparation method for microparticle feed
CN105360607A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-02 上海农好饲料有限公司 Functional feed capable of restraining gonadal development of micropterus salmoides and preparation method of functional feed
CN107114601A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-09-01 广东君有饲料有限公司 A kind of largemouth bass fry is without starch opening mixed feed

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104509753A (en) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-15 上海农好饲料有限公司 Microparticle feed for grouper fries and preparation method for microparticle feed
CN105360607A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-02 上海农好饲料有限公司 Functional feed capable of restraining gonadal development of micropterus salmoides and preparation method of functional feed
CN107114601A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-09-01 广东君有饲料有限公司 A kind of largemouth bass fry is without starch opening mixed feed

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