CN114190210B - Self-propelled soil steam disinfection and tectorial membrane all-in-one - Google Patents
Self-propelled soil steam disinfection and tectorial membrane all-in-one Download PDFInfo
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- CN114190210B CN114190210B CN202111667434.3A CN202111667434A CN114190210B CN 114190210 B CN114190210 B CN 114190210B CN 202111667434 A CN202111667434 A CN 202111667434A CN 114190210 B CN114190210 B CN 114190210B
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G11/00—Sterilising soil by steam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film mulching integrated machine, which comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam generating device, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening device and a film mulching mechanism, wherein the crawler walking chassis is provided with a plurality of soil inlet holes; one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the chassis frame, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the soil loosening device; the soil loosening device comprises a transmission box body, a soil loosening working head and a steam release needle, the soil loosening working head comprises a hollow transmission shaft and a ground breaking blade with a blade, a hydraulic motor is connected with the transmission box body, the hydraulic motor is connected with the hollow transmission shaft, the hollow transmission shaft is rotatably connected with the transmission box body, the steam release needle is located in an inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft, steam release holes are formed in the head end and the head portion of the steam release needle in the circumferential direction, the tail end of the steam release needle is connected with the transmission box body, a film covering mechanism is tightly connected with the soil loosening device, and film covering and heat preservation are achieved in time. The soil-loosening and film-covering machine disclosed by the invention can be used for loosening the soil and sterilizing the soil by steam, can be used for covering films in time, is remarkable in sterilizing effect and high in operating efficiency, and is green and environment-friendly because the soil is sterilized by high-temperature steam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film mulching integrated machine.
Background
Continuous cropping obstacles have gradually become bottlenecks which restrict continuous efficient utilization of facility horticulture soil resources in China, and soil steam sterilization is an effective means for solving the continuous cropping obstacles. The soil disinfection equipment at the present stage mainly comprises: firstly, the pesticide applying device carried on the power component is used for applying pesticide to the surface and the inner layer of soil, and the aim of disinfecting the soil is fulfilled by means of chemical treatment; secondly, the flame generated by the gas device carried on the power component is utilized to burn and smoke the soil at high temperature, so as to achieve the effect of sterilization. Above soil disinfection mode, no matter be the operation efficiency or the aspect of environmental protection can't satisfy facility horticulture soil disinfection's operation demand, especially disinfect to warmhouse booth's soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine aiming at the defects of the prior art, the self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine is operated in a mode that soil is disinfected by steam while loosened, film covering and heat preservation are carried out timely, the disinfection effect is obvious, the operation efficiency is high, and the soil is disinfected by high-temperature steam, so that the self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine is green and environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-propelled soil steam disinfection and film covering integrated machine comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam generating device, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening device and a film covering mechanism;
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic station, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor, wherein the hydraulic station is connected with the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic cylinder pipeline, and the hydraulic station is connected with the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic motor pipeline;
the crawler traveling chassis is provided with a chassis frame, the steam generating device and the hydraulic station are both arranged on the chassis frame, the film covering mechanism is connected with the chassis frame, and the film covering mechanism is positioned behind the soil loosening device;
one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the chassis frame, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the soil loosening device, and the hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the soil loosening device to lift through the connecting rod mechanism;
the soil loosening device comprises a transmission box body, a chain wheel transmission structure, a soil loosening working head and a steam release needle, wherein the soil loosening working head comprises a hollow transmission shaft and a ground breaking blade with a blade, a plurality of ground breaking blades with blades are connected to the circumferential direction of the middle lower part of the hollow transmission shaft, a hydraulic motor is connected to the transmission box body, a driving shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with the hollow transmission shaft through the chain wheel transmission structure, the hollow transmission shaft is rotatably connected with the transmission box body, the steam release needle is positioned in an inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft, steam release holes are formed in the circumferential directions of the head end and the side face of the head of the steam release needle, the tail end of the steam release needle extends out of the inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft, and the tail end of the steam release needle is connected with the transmission box body;
and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is connected with the tail end of the steam release needle through a steam pipeline.
As a further improved technical scheme, the connecting rod mechanism comprises an upper hinge support plate, a soil loosening device fixing plate and a lower hinge support plate, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper hinge support plate, the upper hinge support plate is hinged to the soil loosening device fixing plate, the transmission box body is fixedly connected to the soil loosening device fixing plate, the soil loosening device fixing plate is hinged to the lower hinge support plate, and the upper hinge support plate and the lower hinge support plate are both hinged to the chassis frame.
The technical scheme is further improved, the number of the soil loosening working heads and the number of the steam releasing needles are three, the number of the chain wheel transmission structures is three, the chain wheel transmission structures are respectively a primary chain wheel transmission group, a secondary chain wheel transmission group and a tertiary chain wheel transmission group, the hydraulic motor is connected to the outer wall of a transmission box body, a driving shaft of the hydraulic motor penetrates into the inner side of the transmission box body from a reserved through hole in the transmission box body, the driving shaft is connected with a first soil loosening working head through the primary chain wheel transmission group, the first soil loosening working head is connected with a second soil loosening working head through the secondary chain wheel transmission group, the second soil loosening working head is connected with a third soil loosening working head through the tertiary chain wheel transmission group, a hollow transmission shaft of each soil loosening working head is rotatably connected with the transmission box body through a bearing, the primary chain wheel transmission group, the secondary chain wheel transmission group and the tertiary chain wheel transmission group are all located on the inner side of the transmission box body, the hollow transmission shaft of each soil loosening working head is internally provided with the steam releasing needle, the tail end of the steam releasing needle is connected with a fixing frame through a bolt; and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is respectively connected with the three steam release needles through three steam pipelines.
The invention further provides a further improved technical scheme, the ground breaking blade with the blade comprises a main blade body and a blade entering section, the outer side edge of the main blade body is provided with the blade, and the head of the main blade body is provided with the convex blade entering section.
As a further improved technical scheme, the film covering mechanism comprises a film covering support, a film barrel, a compaction wheel and a soil drive plate, the film covering support is hinged to the rear end of the chassis frame, the film barrel, the compaction wheel and the soil drive plate are all located right behind the soil loosening device, the film barrel support, the compaction wheel support and the soil drive plate support are all connected with the film barrel through bolts, the film barrel is connected with the film barrel in a rotating mode, the compaction wheel is connected with the compaction wheel in a rotating mode, the bottom end of the soil drive plate support is connected with the soil drive plate, and the film barrel, the compaction wheel and the soil drive plate are sequentially arranged from front to back.
As a further improved technical scheme, the soil driving plate support comprises a connecting cylinder and a vertical support, the connecting cylinder comprises a square cylinder and a cylinder, the square cylinder and the cylinder are fixedly connected into an integral structure, the square cylinder is sleeved on the film covering support and is connected with the film covering support through a bolt, the vertical support penetrates through the cylinder and can rotate in the cylinder, the vertical support is connected with the cylinder through a locking screw, and the bottom end of the vertical support is fixedly connected with the soil driving plate.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the steam generating device adopts a pulse combustion steam generating device.
As a further improved technical scheme, the chassis frame is provided with a control box, hydraulic solenoid valves are arranged on a hydraulic cylinder pipeline and a hydraulic motor pipeline, the control box is electrically connected with the steam generating device and the hydraulic solenoid valves respectively, and the control box is also used for controlling the starting, stopping and turning of the crawler walking chassis.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the chassis frame is provided with a generator set which is respectively and electrically connected with the control box, the hydraulic station, the steam generating device and the hydraulic electromagnetic valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is suitable for soil loosening, disinfection and film covering work in or outside the greenhouse; the pulsating combustion steam generating device is utilized to enable high-temperature steam to be increased sharply in a short time, so that the operation period is greatly shortened, and the operation efficiency is high; according to the soil steam disinfection principle, after high-temperature steam releases steam through a soil loosening device to enter soil, the temperature of the soil rises to reach a certain temperature and is kept for a certain time, and then the task of killing various soil-borne disease and insect pest pathogenic bacteria (insects) is completed; the soil is subjected to steam disinfection while loosening the soil, so that the soil-loosening and soil-disinfecting agent is remarkable in disinfection effect and is green and environment-friendly; automatic tectorial membrane mechanism is equipped with to the machine afterbody, has effectively realized the thermal process immediately after the high temperature disinfection, has avoided the inside steam heat of soil to run off fast, and then innovative solution the steam and the calorific loss of soil disinfection operation in-process to this machines lightweight, the operation is high-efficient, can satisfy the sterile operation demand of facility horticulture soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the steam pipe without the film coating mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the ripping apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the steam release needle of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the steam release needle and the scarification working head of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the scarification working head of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a film covering mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further description of embodiments of the invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching film integrated machine comprises a crawler walking chassis 1, a steam generation device 4, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening device 8 and a mulching film mechanism 9.
The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic station 6, the hydraulic station 6 is connected with a hydraulic cylinder 8 through a hydraulic cylinder pipeline, and the hydraulic station 6 is connected with a hydraulic motor 801 through a hydraulic motor pipeline.
The crawler walking chassis 1 is provided with a chassis frame 7, and the steam generating device 4 and the hydraulic station 6 are both arranged on the chassis frame 7. The film covering mechanism 9 is connected with the chassis frame 7, and the film covering mechanism 9 is located behind the soil loosening device 8, so that timely film covering and heat preservation after disinfection are achieved.
One end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the chassis frame 7, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the soil loosening device 8, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 is used for driving the soil loosening device 8 to ascend and descend through the connecting rod mechanism so as to achieve soil entering and soil discharging.
As shown in fig. 3, the soil loosening device 8 includes a transmission case 805, a sprocket transmission structure, a soil loosening working head 807 and a steam release needle 806, as shown in fig. 5, the soil loosening working head 807 includes a hollow transmission shaft 8071 and a bladed soil breaking blade 8072, the hollow transmission shaft 8071 is connected with a plurality of bladed soil breaking blades 8072 on the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the middle lower part of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the transmission case 805, the driving shaft of the hydraulic motor 801 is connected with the hollow transmission shaft 8071 through the sprocket transmission structure, the hollow transmission shaft 8071 is rotatably connected with the transmission case 805, the steam release needle 806 is located in the inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, the head end and the head side circumferential direction of the head of the steam release needle 806 are both provided with steam release holes, the head end is located inside the inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, the tail end of the steam release needle 806 extends outwards from the inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, and the tail end of the steam release needle 806 is connected with the transmission case 805.
As shown in fig. 1, the steam outlet of the steam generating device 4 is connected to the tail end of the steam releasing needle 806 through the steam pipe 10.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the link mechanism includes an upper hinge support plate 11, a ripper fixing plate 12, and a lower hinge support plate 13, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the upper hinge support plate 11, and the upper hinge support plate 11 has a structural shape similar to a Z-shaped structure as shown in fig. 2. Go up hinge support plate 11 and loosen the soil device fixed plate 12 and articulate, transmission case 805 fixed connection loosens the soil on device fixed plate 12, loosens the soil device fixed plate 12 and articulates with hinge support plate 13 down, goes up hinge support plate 11 and hinge support plate 13 down and all articulates with chassis frame 7.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, there are three loosening work heads 807 and three steam releasing needles 806, there are three sprocket transmission structures, which are a primary sprocket transmission group 802, a secondary sprocket transmission group 803, and a tertiary sprocket transmission group 804, respectively, the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the outer wall of the transmission case 805, the driving shaft of the hydraulic motor 801 extends into the transmission case 805 from a reserved through hole on the transmission case 805, and is connected to the first loosening work head 807 through the primary sprocket transmission group 802, the first loosening work head 807 is connected to the second loosening work head 807 through the secondary sprocket transmission group 803, the second loosening work head 807 is connected to the third loosening work head 807 through the tertiary sprocket transmission group 804, the hollow transmission shaft 8071 of each loosening work head 807 is rotatably connected to the transmission case 805 through a bearing, the primary sprocket transmission group 802, the secondary sprocket transmission group 803, and the tertiary sprocket transmission group 804 are located inside the transmission case 805, the hollow transmission shaft 8071 of each loosening work head 807 is provided with a steam releasing needle, as shown in fig. 4, and the steam releasing needle fixing frame 806 is connected to the steam releasing needle fixing frame 8061; the steam outlet of the steam generating device 4 is connected with three steam releasing needles 806 through three steam pipes 10.
As shown in fig. 7, the ground breaking blade 8072 with a blade includes a main blade body 80721 and a blade entering section 80722, a blade is disposed on an outer side of the main blade body 80721, and a head of the main blade body 80721 is provided with a protruding blade entering section 80722.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 8, the film covering mechanism 9 includes a film covering bracket 901, a film barrel 902, a compaction wheel 903 and a soil driving plate 904, the film covering bracket 901 is hinged at the rear end of the chassis frame 7, the film barrel 902, the compaction wheel 903 and the soil driving plate 904 are all located right behind the soil loosening device 8, the film covering bracket 901 is connected with a film barrel bracket 905, a compaction wheel bracket 906 and a soil driving plate bracket through bolts, the film barrel bracket 905 is connected with the film barrel 902 in a rotating manner, the compaction wheel bracket 906 is connected with the compaction wheel 903 in a rotating manner, the bottom end of the soil driving plate bracket is connected with the soil driving plate 904, and the film barrel 902, the compaction wheel 903 and the soil driving plate 904 are sequentially arranged from front to back.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the soil dial plate support includes a connection cylinder and a vertical support 907, the connection cylinder includes a square cylinder 909 and a cylinder 908, the square cylinder 909 and the cylinder 908 are fixedly connected into an integral structure, the square cylinder 909 is sleeved on the covered film support 901 and connected with the covered film support 901 through a bolt, the vertical support 907 passes through the cylinder 908 and can rotate in the cylinder 908, the vertical support 907 is connected with the cylinder 908 through a locking screw, and the bottom end of the vertical support 907 is fixedly connected with the soil dial plate 904. The angle of the soil dial 904 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the adjustment mode is as follows: locking screws are loosened to adjust the rotation angle of vertical support 907 and cylinder 908, and thus the angle of soil dial 904.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the steam generator 4 is a pulse combustion steam generator. Namely, a CN201720261064.6 pulse combustion steam generator can be adopted, which specifically comprises a cylinder with water inside, and a pulse combustor for heating water to generate steam, wherein the pulse combustor comprises a combustion chamber, a spark plug, a gasoline tank, a carburetor, a threaded pipe, a decoupling chamber, and the like. However, the air pump used in the pulse combustion steam generating device in the embodiment replaces an inflator in the 201720261064.6 pulse combustion steam generating device, when the air pump works, generated air flows into an air inlet of a carburetor and a pressurizing hole of a gasoline tank, gasoline is pressed out from an oil outlet of the gasoline tank through the internal and external pressure difference of the gasoline tank and flows into an oil inlet of the carburetor through an electromagnetic valve connected with a power supply, a mixed gas of the gasoline and the air in the carburetor flows into a combustion chamber, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated after ignition of a spark plug, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows through a threaded pipe and a decoupling chamber and is discharged through a corrugated pipe, heat is transferred to water in a cylinder body, the water is heated to be sealed and boiled, steam is generated, and the steam is sent out through a steam outlet.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a control box 2 and a generator set 3 are further arranged on the chassis frame 7, the hydraulic station 6 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 5 through a hydraulic cylinder pipeline, the hydraulic station 6 is connected with the hydraulic motor 801 through a hydraulic motor pipeline, hydraulic solenoid valves are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder pipeline and the hydraulic motor pipeline, the generator set 3 is electrically connected with the control box 2, the hydraulic station 6, the steam generating device 4, the hydraulic solenoid valves and other parts respectively to provide electric energy for the parts, the control box 2 is electrically connected with the steam generating device 4, the hydraulic solenoid valves and other parts, the control box 2 is used for controlling the on/off of an air pump, an electromagnetic valve and a spark plug in the steam generating device 4 to further control the on/off of the steam generating device 4, the control box 2 is used for controlling the hydraulic solenoid valves to further control the stop, rotation of the hydraulic motor 801 and the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the control box 2 is further used for controlling the on/off and turning of the crawler travel chassis 1. Be provided with signal receiver in the control box 2 of this embodiment, this signal receiver remote connection has remote control unit, remote control unit remote transmission signal to signal receiver, and control box 2 is according to the signal that signal receiver received and then control steam generating device 4 respectively open and stop, hydraulic solenoid valve and track walking chassis 1 open stop with turn round etc.. The hydraulic station 6 can also be electrically connected with the control box 2, and the control box 2 remotely receives a control command of a remote control device so as to control the start and stop of the hydraulic station 6.
The power provided by the engine of the crawler chassis 1 is the source of the whole machine walking power and traction power. The crawler belt walking chassis 1 can adopt a diesel engine, and the crawler belt walking chassis 1 is driven to walk by the diesel engine. The generator set 3 of this embodiment can also realize the electricity generation through diesel engine.
As shown in fig. 1, a crawler chassis 1 is equipped with a control box 2, a generator set 3, a steam generator 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a hydraulic station 6, and a scarification device 8; the film covering mechanism 9 is hinged behind the chassis frame 7 in a pin positioning mode, can cover the film on the disinfected soil in real time, and has a timely heat preservation effect; the steam release needle 806 is inserted into a hollow rotating shaft (namely a hollow transmission shaft 8071) of the soil loosening working head 807, and the tail end of the steam release needle is fixed with the wall surface of the transmission case 805 through a bolt; go up hinge support plate 11, loosen the soil device fixed plate 12, lower hinge support plate 13 and chassis frame 7 afterbody and form four-bar linkage, pneumatic cylinder 5 one end is articulated with chassis frame 7 upper plate, and the other end is articulated with last hinge support plate 11, and whole four-bar linkage realizes freely going up and down under the drive of pneumatic cylinder 5. The generator set 3 provides power for the crawler walking chassis 1, the control box 2, the steam generating device 4, the hydraulic station 6, the hydraulic electromagnetic valve and the like; the control box 2 can receive remote control signals to realize starting and stopping of the crawler walking chassis 1, starting and stopping of the steam generating device 4, starting and stopping of the hydraulic station 6, stretching and contracting of the hydraulic cylinder 5, stopping and rotating of the hydraulic motor 801 and the like; the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the hydraulic motor 801 are respectively connected with a hydraulic electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic station 6, and the control box 2 receives a remote control signal and controls the hydraulic electromagnetic valve to realize the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the stop and rotation of the hydraulic motor 801; the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the soil loosening head 807 of the soil loosening device 8 to enter soil, and the hydraulic motor 801 drives the soil loosening head 807 to rotate and loosen soil. The running mechanism of the crawler running chassis 1 may also be a high-clearance running chassis mechanism, and can be selected according to the terrain and the soil quality.
The steam generating device 4 of the embodiment adopts a pulse combustion technology, specifically, the spark plug is used for weak current ignition, and under the action of the carburetor, the fuel inlet in the combustion chamber is subjected to pulse combustion, so that high temperature is instantaneously generated, water liquid in the cylinder body reaches a boiling point in a very short time, and high-temperature steam in the steam generating device 4 passes through a steam outlet and is conveyed to a steam release needle 806 in the soil loosening device 8 through a soft steam pipeline 10, so that soil disinfection is realized.
As shown in the schematic structural diagram of the soil loosening device 8 in fig. 3, a hydraulic motor 801 drives a primary sprocket transmission set 802 to rotate until a tertiary sprocket transmission set 804 is driven (the transmission mode may be sprocket transmission and gear transmission), wherein three hollow transmission shafts 8071 are mounted on two sides of a transmission case 805 through matching bearings, and are axially positioned by shaft end snap rings, the bearings are compacted by bearing end cover rings fixed on the outer side of the transmission case 805, and the soil loosening working heads 807 are designed to be arranged transversely on the transmission case 805 in an increasing or decreasing number according to the operation requirements; the axial movement of the chain wheel on the shaft is limited by the axial fixing piece, and the circumferential movement of the chain wheel is limited by the key; the working head 807 for loosening soil is formed by welding 8 blades 8072 with edges distributed around an axis on the outer surface of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, the hollow transmission shaft 8071 can play a role in loosening soil under low-speed rotation, the blades 8072 with edges are made of metal materials and comprise a main blade 80721 and a blade entering section 80722, as shown in fig. 5-7, compared with soil loosening devices such as a furrow plough, a disc plough and a loosening pear, the working head 807 for loosening soil in fig. 3 can more thoroughly break soil blocks and hardened blocks in soil, and the larger the number of the blades 8072 with edges, the better the soil breaking effect. Compared with the operation mode of a mechanical rotary cultivator and a rotary tillage working head, the operation mode of the soil loosening working head 807 and the earth surface non-vertical penetration work mode in fig. 3 can avoid mechanical vibration caused by the reaction force of soil to the working head in the process of breaking the soil, so that the operation noise is greatly reduced and the mechanical structure is more stable and reliable; the steam release needle 806 penetrates through the bearing end cover ring and penetrates into the inner cavity of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, as shown in the schematic structural diagram of the steam release needle 806 in fig. 4, the steam release needle is formed by welding a steam release needle fixing frame 8061 and a long needle 8062 with a steam release hole at the head, the steam release needle fixing frame 8061 is fixed on the outer wall surface of the transmission case 805 through bolts, wherein, in order to increase the steam release amount in the soil disinfection operation, the diameter of the long needle 8062 and the diameter of the steam release hole can be increased, in order to prevent the head of the long needle 8062 from being blocked or damaged by soil in the operation process, the head of the long needle 8062 should not be exposed out of the head of the hollow transmission shaft 8071, and the schematic structural diagram of the matching of the long needle 8062 and the hollow transmission shaft 8071 is shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6. The whole soil loosening working head 807 can realize the working states of soil feeding and soil discharging under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 5, when steam is used for disinfecting the soil, the working head is always in the soil feeding state, the machine can well realize self-walking continuous disinfection operation, and after disinfection is finished, a worker remotely controls the hydraulic electromagnetic valve corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder 5 to realize the soil discharging of the working head.
As shown in the schematic structural diagram of the mulching mechanism 9 in fig. 8, the overall structure of the mulching mechanism 9 is compact, and in order to make the soil timely mulch and reduce heat loss, the film barrel 902 is designed to be immediately behind the soil loosening working head 807. Tectorial membrane mechanism 9 articulates in chassis frame 7 rear through the mode of round pin location, in machine disinfection operation in-process, crawler travel chassis 1 drives 8 forward walks of the device that loosens the soil, a membrane section of thick bamboo 902 rolls thereupon, the membrane on a membrane section of thick bamboo 902 will be covered automatically at the soil upper surface through steam treatment, compaction wheel 903 compacts film both sides afterwards, uplift soil can appear in one side during the compaction soil, soil driver plate 904 dials the outer uplift soil in disinfection region both sides to through compaction wheel 903 compacted film both sides, play the heat retaining effect of timely compaction, can effectively avoid the thermal instantaneous scattering and disappearing of steam, thereby improve soil disinfection effect greatly. More generally, the number of film covering mechanisms 9 increases with the number of self-propelled sterilization units. More generally, when a greenhouse requiring no high soil sterilization is to be sterilized, the mulching mechanism 9 may be removed to perform the soil sterilization, as shown in fig. 2.
During specific work, the crawler walking chassis 1, the hydraulic station 6, the steam generating device 4, the hydraulic electromagnetic valves and the like can be remotely controlled respectively according to actual conditions, and then the soil loosening device 8 is controlled to complete soil loosening and disinfection work. Specifically, the crawler walking chassis 1 is remotely controlled to walk to an operation place, the hydraulic station 6 is remotely controlled, the steam generating device 4 is electrified to work, meanwhile, the hydraulic solenoid valve is remotely controlled to enable the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the hydraulic motor 801 to move, in the process that the crawler walking chassis 1 advances at a constant speed, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the soil loosening working head 807 of the soil loosening device 8 to penetrate into the soil, the hydraulic motor 801 drives the soil loosening working head 807 to rotate to loosen the soil, a steam outlet of the steam generating device 4 provides steam for a steam release needle 806 in the soil loosening working head 807, soil loosening and disinfection work is achieved, and meanwhile, the film covering mechanism 9 achieves film covering in the process that the crawler walking chassis 1 advances. After the soil loosening, disinfecting and film covering work is finished, the crawler walking chassis 1 is remotely controlled to stop walking, the steam generating device 4 is powered off, the hydraulic station 6 is powered off, the hydraulic electromagnetic valve is powered off, the soil loosening working head 807 is subjected to soil discharging and the like.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that can be easily made by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a self-propelled soil steam disinfection and tectorial membrane all-in-one which characterized in that:
comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam generating device, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening device and a film covering mechanism;
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic station, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor, wherein the hydraulic station is connected with the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic cylinder pipeline, and the hydraulic station is connected with the hydraulic motor through a hydraulic motor pipeline;
the crawler traveling chassis is provided with a chassis frame, the steam generating device and the hydraulic station are both arranged on the chassis frame, the film covering mechanism is connected with the chassis frame, and the film covering mechanism is positioned behind the soil loosening device;
one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the chassis frame, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the soil loosening device, and the hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the soil loosening device to lift through the connecting rod mechanism;
the soil loosening device comprises a transmission box body, a chain wheel transmission structure, a soil loosening working head and a steam release needle, wherein the soil loosening working head comprises a hollow transmission shaft and a ground breaking blade with a blade, a plurality of ground breaking blades with blades are connected to the circumferential direction of the middle lower part of the hollow transmission shaft, a hydraulic motor is connected to the transmission box body, a driving shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with the hollow transmission shaft through the chain wheel transmission structure, the hollow transmission shaft is rotatably connected with the transmission box body, the steam release needle is positioned in an inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft, steam release holes are formed in the circumferential directions of the head end and the side face of the head of the steam release needle, the tail end of the steam release needle extends out of the inner hole of the hollow transmission shaft, and the tail end of the steam release needle is connected with the transmission box body;
a steam outlet of the steam generating device is connected with the tail end of the steam release needle through a steam pipeline;
the connecting rod mechanism comprises an upper hinge supporting plate, a soil loosening device fixing plate and a lower hinge supporting plate, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the upper hinge supporting plate, the upper hinge supporting plate is hinged with the soil loosening device fixing plate, the transmission box body is fixedly connected onto the soil loosening device fixing plate, the soil loosening device fixing plate is hinged with the lower hinge supporting plate, and the upper hinge supporting plate and the lower hinge supporting plate are both hinged with the chassis frame;
the hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the scarification working head to enter the soil in a non-vertical manner through the connecting rod mechanism;
the three scarification working heads and the three steam release needles are respectively provided, the three chain wheel transmission structures are respectively a first-stage chain wheel transmission group, a second-stage chain wheel transmission group and a third-stage chain wheel transmission group, the hydraulic motor is connected to the outer wall of the transmission box body, a driving shaft of the hydraulic motor penetrates into the inner side of the transmission box body from a reserved through hole in the transmission box body, the driving shaft is connected with a first scarification working head through the first-stage chain wheel transmission group, the first scarification working head is connected with a second scarification working head through the second-stage chain wheel transmission group, the second scarification working head is connected with a third scarification working head through the third-stage chain wheel transmission group, a hollow transmission shaft of each scarification working head is rotatably connected with the transmission box body through a bearing, the first-stage chain wheel transmission group, the second-stage chain wheel transmission group and the third-stage chain wheel transmission group are all located on the inner side of the transmission box body, the steam release needles are arranged in the hollow transmission shafts of each scarification working head, the tail ends of the steam release needles are provided with steam release needle fixing frames, and the steam release needle fixing frames are connected with the transmission box body through bolts; and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is respectively connected with the three steam release needles through three steam pipelines.
2. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching integrated machine of claim 1, wherein: the ground breaking blade with the blade comprises a main blade body and a blade entering section, wherein the blade is arranged on the outer side edge of the main blade body, and the head of the main blade body is provided with a raised blade entering section.
3. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching integrated machine of claim 1, wherein: the tectorial membrane mechanism includes tectorial membrane support, a membrane section of thick bamboo, compaction wheel and soil driver plate, the tectorial membrane support is articulated to lie in the rear end of chassis frame and a membrane section of thick bamboo, compaction wheel and soil driver plate and all is located the device that loosens the soil positive rear, the tectorial membrane support all has a membrane section of thick bamboo support, compaction wheel support and soil driver plate support through bolted connection, it is connected with a membrane section of thick bamboo to rotate on the membrane section of thick bamboo support, it is connected with the compaction wheel to rotate on the compaction wheel support, the bottom and the soil driver plate of soil driver plate support are connected, a membrane section of thick bamboo, compaction wheel and soil driver plate set gradually after to in the past.
4. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching integrated machine of claim 3, wherein: soil driver plate support includes the connecting cylinder and erects the support, the connecting cylinder includes square section of thick bamboo and drum, square section of thick bamboo and drum fixed connection structure as an organic whole, square barrel casing just is connected with the tectorial membrane support through the bolt on the tectorial membrane support, erect the support and pass the drum and can be at the drum internal rotation, it passes through locking screw and is connected with the drum to erect the support, erect the bottom and the soil driver plate fixed connection of support.
5. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching integrated machine of claim 1, wherein: the steam generating device adopts a pulse combustion steam generating device.
6. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching film all-in-one machine of claim 1, wherein: the chassis frame is provided with a control box, hydraulic solenoid valves are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder pipeline and the hydraulic motor pipeline, the control box is electrically connected with the steam generating device and the hydraulic solenoid valves respectively, and the control box is also used for controlling the start and stop and turning of the crawler walking chassis.
7. The self-propelled soil steam sterilization and mulching integrated machine of claim 6, wherein: the chassis frame is provided with a generator set, and the generator set is electrically connected with the control box, the hydraulic station, the steam generating device and the hydraulic electromagnetic valve respectively.
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| CN114190210A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
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