CN114163249B - 一种渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系及施工工艺 - Google Patents
一种渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系及施工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系及施工工艺,隔热涂层体系组成结构包括造型材料层、耐磨材料层、耐热涂料层,其中:造型材料层直接涂覆于渣罐内衬,作为涂层体系的底层;耐磨材料层涂覆于造型材料层上,作为涂层体系的中间层;耐热涂料层涂覆于耐磨材料层上,作为涂层体系的表层。本发明采用优质原料并优化配比,同时通过材料结构设计,耐热涂料层、耐磨材料层、造型材料层根据其所处位置的不同,采用不同温度承受性能的材料体系,形成梯度导热材料体系,形成具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,可以将一次翻罐率提高至99%以上,且其使用时限几乎与渣罐本体同寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金材料技术应用领域,涉及一种渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系及施工工艺,适用于渣罐内衬垫层材料的配制及施工。
背景技术
渣罐主要用于有色、黑色金属冶炼行业,盛放冶炼工序中生产的铜渣、钢渣等高温熔融液体。这些熔融状态的液体通常具有温度高、粘度大、腐蚀性强等特点,易对铸造渣罐本体产生伤害,有熔穿渣罐或熔蚀粘罐的风险,现代渣罐通常在铸造成型后喷涂隔热层材料,以减轻或防范上述风险的出现。
中国申请CN109369142A公开了一种钢渣罐防粘喷涂料及其制备方法,具体公开了以白云石、粘土和膨润土为主要材料的喷涂料,白云石在高温状态下可以使反应区结构疏松,该层材料分解或脱落后可降低粘罐风险,但随着使用次数的增加,势必会造成喷涂料有效成分的减少,其防粘性能将会大大降低。中国申请CN107827470A公开了一种高性能渣罐喷涂料及其制备方法,具体公开了以清碾废料、硅粉和粘土为主要材料的喷涂料,使用废料可在一定程度上减低材料成本,但其使用寿命并未提及。
因此,急需一种性能优异且长寿命使用的渣罐内衬隔热材料。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,该材料体系具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命等特点。
本发明另一目的在于,提供上述渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系的施工工艺。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其组成结构包括造型材料层、耐磨材料层、耐热涂料层,其中:
造型材料层直接涂覆于渣罐内衬,作为涂层体系的底层;
耐磨材料层涂覆于造型材料层上,作为涂层体系的中间层;
耐热涂料层涂覆于耐磨材料层上,作为涂层体系的表层。
在一些实施例中,按重量份计,所述造型材料层组分含量如下:
在一些实施例中,所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥或硅酸盐水泥;
优选的:
所述掺合料为硅酸镁铝、膨润土、矿渣粉、微硅粉、纳米二氧化硅中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为石英砂、河砂、硅砂或铁尾矿砂中的一种或两种,其粒径连续分布范围为10-140目;
所述添加剂为聚羧酸高性能减水剂、聚醚类消泡剂、皂苷类引气剂、羟乙基纤维素醚中的两种或多种。
在一些实施例中,按重量份计,所述耐磨材料层组分含量如下:
在一些实施例中,所述水泥为铝酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥或硅酸盐水泥中的两种或多种;
优选的:
所述掺合料为矿渣粉、微硅粉、纳米二氧化硅中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为石英砂、焦宝石、棕刚玉中的两种或多种,其粒径连续分布范围为0.1~3mm;
所述添加剂为萘系高效减水剂、有机硅类消泡剂、皂苷类引气剂、羟乙基纤维素醚中的两种或多种。
在一些实施例中,按重量份计,其耐热涂料层组分含量如下:
在一些实施例中,所述胶结料为铝酸盐水泥;
优选的:
所述掺合料为活性氧化铝粉、煅烧氧化铝粉、膨润土、金属硅粉、锆粉、粘土粉中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为铝矾土、棕刚玉、碳化硅中的两种或多种,其粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm;
所述添加剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠和萘系高效减水剂中的一种或两种。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明提供的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系的施工工艺,包括:
按照上述重量份,将除水之外的各种材料预混后加入所述重量份的水,在搅拌机中混合均匀后制得造型材料,直接涂抹于渣罐内衬,形成造型材料层;
待造型材料层材料硬化后,按照上述重量份制得耐磨材料,采用喷涂工艺喷涂于造型材料层,形成耐磨材料层;
待耐磨材料层材料硬化后,按照上述重量份制得耐热涂料,采用喷涂工艺喷涂于耐磨材料层,形成耐热涂料层;
三层材料施工完毕后得到所述渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系。
优选的,所述耐磨材料层的喷涂厚度为10~20mm。
优选的,所述耐热涂料层的喷涂厚度为1~5mm。
与现有技术相比较,本发明的有益效果在于:采用优质原料并优化配比,同时通过材料结构设计,制备出具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系。本发明制备的隔热材料体系可以将一次翻罐率提高至99%以上,且其使用时限几乎与渣罐本体同寿命。具体地,本发明中:
(1)分层隔热材料结构体系设计可以有效隔热隔渣,耐热涂料层、耐磨材料层、造型材料层根据其所处位置的不同,采用不同温度承受性能的材料体系,形成梯度导热材料体系,其中,造型材料层为硅酸盐胶凝材料体系,其耐热温度300℃-500℃;耐磨材料层胶凝材料中加入了铝酸盐水泥,其耐热温度可提高至800℃以上;耐热涂料层为铝酸盐水泥体系,其耐热温度可达1800℃以上,梯度导热材料体系设计可以实现梯度隔热。
(2)直接接触高温熔融渣的面层耐热涂料在高温状态下可以形成致密坚固的抗熔蚀结构,有效隔绝钢水及钢渣对渣壳的熔蚀,提高涂层材料及渣罐整体的使用寿命;
(3)面层下的耐磨材料层采用铝酸盐水泥和硅酸盐水泥复合胶凝体系,同时又掺加焦宝石、棕刚玉等高强耐热骨料,具有高强高耐热高耐磨的特点,可以有效支撑耐热涂层;
(4)最内层的造型材料采用级配优化设计的优质骨料和掺合料,在施工时可提供细腻的工作性和超强的粘结性,可使材料硬化结构更加密实,提高其耐热性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例,对本发明做进一步详细说明。在此,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,但并不作为对本发明的限定。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“包括/包含”、“由……组成”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的产品、设备、过程或方法不仅包括那些要素,而且需要时还可以包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种产品、设备、过程或方法所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括/包含……”、“由……组成”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的产品、设备、过程或方法中还存在另外的相同要素。
以下结合较佳的实施方式对本发明的实现进行详细的描述。
本发明中,造型材料层直接涂覆于渣罐内衬,作为涂层体系的底层,造型材料层采用普通硅酸盐水泥体系;耐磨材料层涂覆于造型材料层上,作为涂层体系的中间层,耐磨材料层采用铝酸盐水泥复合胶凝体系;耐热涂料层涂覆于耐磨材料层上,作为涂层体系的表层,耐热涂料层采用纯铝酸盐水泥体系;耐热涂料层、耐磨材料层、造型材料层根据其所处位置的不同,采用不同温度承受性能的材料体系,其中,造型材料层为硅酸盐胶凝材料体系,其耐热温度300℃-500℃,耐磨材料层胶凝材料中加入了铝酸盐水泥,其耐热温度可提高至800℃以上,耐热涂料层为铝酸盐水泥体系,其耐热温度可达1800℃以上,通过梯度导热材料体系设计,可以实现梯度隔热,从而将一次翻罐率提高至99%以上。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的各层结构进行示例性详细阐述。需要说明的是,以下实施例仅是为了便于本领域技术人员能够清楚明了地知晓本发明如何实施,并不能理解为本发明必须采用这样的具体成分。
实施例1
(1)造型材料层:P·O 42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥33份,膨润土1.92份,微硅粉1份,40~140目石英砂64份,聚羧酸减水剂0.03份,聚醚类消泡剂0.01份,羟乙基纤维素醚0.02份,皂苷类引气剂0.02份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量17份的水,搅拌机中混合均匀后直接涂抹于渣罐内衬最里层。
(2)耐磨材料层:CA50-Ⅲ铝酸盐水泥14份,P·O 52.5普通硅酸盐水泥28份,矿渣粉2份,微硅粉2.87份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的石英砂33份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的焦宝石20份,萘系高效减水剂0.05份,有机硅消泡剂0.03份,皂苷类引气剂0.03份,羟乙基纤维素醚0.02份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量13份的水,搅拌均匀后采用喷涂工艺施工,喷涂厚度为15mm。
(3)耐热涂料层:CA70级铝酸盐水泥2.5份,活性氧化铝粉8份,金属硅粉4份,锆粉4.2份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的铝矾土37份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的棕刚玉32份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的碳化硅12份,三聚磷酸钠0.25份,萘系高效减水剂0.05份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量9份的水,利用喷涂机进行耐热涂料层喷涂施工,喷涂厚度为4mm。
(4)三层材料施工完毕充分硬化后得到本实施例配制的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命的特点,一次翻罐率为99.7%。
实施例2
(1)造型材料层:P·Ⅱ42.5R硅酸盐水泥29份,膨润土2份,纳米二氧化硅1.96份,40~140目石英砂67份,聚羧酸减水剂0.02份,皂苷类引气剂0.02份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量15份的水,搅拌机中混合均匀后直接涂抹于渣罐内衬最里层。
(2)耐磨材料层:CA50-Ⅲ铝酸盐水泥15份,P·Ⅱ52.5普通硅酸盐水泥26份,矿渣粉2.91份,微硅粉2份,纳米二氧化硅2份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的石英砂26份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的焦宝石26份,萘系高效减水剂0.06份,羟乙基纤维素醚0.03份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量14份的水,搅拌均匀后采用喷涂工艺施工,喷涂厚度为20mm。
(3)耐热涂料层:CA70级铝酸盐水泥2份,活性氧化铝粉10份,金属硅粉2份,锆粉3.7份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的铝矾土43份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的棕刚玉39份,三聚磷酸钠0.3份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量9份的水,利用喷涂机进行耐热涂料层喷涂施工,喷涂厚度为5mm。
(4)三层材料施工完毕充分硬化后得到本实施例配制的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命的特点,一次翻罐率为99.5%。
实施例3
(1)造型材料层:P·O 42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥30份,膨润土1份,微硅粉1.94份,纳米二氧化硅1份,40~140目石英砂66份,聚羧酸减水剂0.03份,羟乙基纤维素醚0.02份,皂苷类引气剂0.01份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量18份的水,搅拌机中混合均匀后直接涂抹于渣罐内衬最里层。
(2)耐磨材料层:CA50-Ⅲ铝酸盐水泥10份,P·Ⅱ52.5普通硅酸盐水泥32份,微硅粉2.92份,纳米二氧化硅3份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的石英砂24份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~2mm的焦宝石28份,萘系高效减水剂0.05份,皂苷类引气剂0.01份,羟乙基纤维素醚0.02份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量13份的水,搅拌均匀后采用喷涂工艺施工,喷涂厚度为15mm。
(3)耐热涂料层:CA70级铝酸盐水泥2.8份,活性氧化铝粉10份,金属硅粉7.8份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的铝矾土35份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的棕刚玉29份,粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm的碳化硅15份,三聚磷酸钠0.2份,六偏磷酸钠0.1份,萘系高效减水剂0.1份。将上述材料混合均匀后加入总质量9份的水,利用喷涂机进行耐热涂料层喷涂施工,喷涂厚度为4mm。
(4)三层材料施工完毕充分硬化后得到本实施例配制的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其具有层级优化隔热、高强高抗蚀、超长寿命的特点,一次翻罐率为99.8%。
各实施例材料体系分层性能如表1所示。
表1各实施例材料体系分层性能
由表1可见,对于常温抗压强度,造型材料层不低于32.4MPa,说明本发明造型材料层硅酸盐体系具有较好的基础强度,能够提供基础层级的抗压和隔热性能;耐磨材料层耐磨损失量不超过0.5kg/m2,说明该层材料体系中的耐热高强骨料能够提高耐磨性;耐热涂料层1450℃抗压强度不低于71.2MPa,且耐火度能够达到1800℃甚至更高,说明耐热涂料层具有良好的高温强度和耐热性能,可以达到有效隔绝钢水的效果。三层材料有效结合、协同作用、梯级隔热,最终实现材料体系的长寿命和高一次性翻罐率的有益目标。
本领域技术人员容易理解的是,在不冲突的前提下,上述各优选方案可以自由地组合、叠加。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施方式而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其特征在于:
所述掺合料为硅酸镁铝、膨润土、矿渣粉、微硅粉、纳米二氧化硅中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为石英砂、河砂、硅砂或铁尾矿砂中的一种或两种,其粒径连续分布范围为10-140目;
所述添加剂为聚羧酸高性能减水剂、聚醚类消泡剂、皂苷类引气剂、羟乙基纤维素醚中的两种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其特征在于:
所述掺合料为矿渣粉、微硅粉、纳米二氧化硅中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为石英砂、焦宝石、棕刚玉中的两种或多种,其粒径连续分布范围为0.1~3mm;
所述添加剂为萘系高效减水剂、有机硅类消泡剂、皂苷类引气剂、羟乙基纤维素醚中的两种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系,其特征在于:
所述掺合料为活性氧化铝粉、煅烧氧化铝粉、膨润土、金属硅粉、锆粉、粘土粉中的两种或多种;
所述骨料为铝矾土、焦宝石、棕刚玉、碳化硅中的两种或多种,其粒径连续分布范围为0.1~1mm;
所述添加剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠和萘系高效减水剂中的一种或两种。
5.一种权利要求1至4中任一项所述的渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系的施工工艺,其特征在于,该施工工艺包括:
按照权利要求1中所述造型材料层的重量份,将除水之外的各种材料预混后加入所述重量份的水,在搅拌机中混合均匀后制得造型材料,直接涂抹于渣罐内衬,形成造型材料层;
待造型材料层材料硬化后,按照权利要求1中所述耐磨材料层的重量份制得耐磨材料,采用喷涂工艺喷涂于造型材料层,形成耐磨材料层;
待耐磨材料层材料硬化后,按照权利要求1中所述耐热涂料层的重量份制得耐热涂料,采用喷涂工艺喷涂于耐磨材料层,形成耐热涂料层;
三层材料施工完毕后得到所述渣罐内衬隔热涂层体系。
6.根据权利要求5所述的施工工艺,其特征在于,所述耐磨材料层的喷涂厚度为10~20mm。
7.根据权利要求5所述的施工工艺,其特征在于,所述耐热涂料层的喷涂厚度为1~5mm。
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