CN107032805A - 一种钢包用超低碳方镁石‑尖晶石‑碳砖及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钢包用超低碳方镁石‑尖晶石‑碳砖及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107032805A
CN107032805A CN201710216388.2A CN201710216388A CN107032805A CN 107032805 A CN107032805 A CN 107032805A CN 201710216388 A CN201710216388 A CN 201710216388A CN 107032805 A CN107032805 A CN 107032805A
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powder
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fused magnesite
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曹贺
王新杰
张义先
尹斌
金钊
王健骁
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Haicheng Zhongxing High-Grade Magnesia Brick Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钢包用超低碳方镁石‑尖晶石‑碳砖及制备方法，由下列重量份数的原料配制而成：5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂5‑15份；3mm≤粒度＜5mm的电熔镁砂5‑25份；1mm≤粒度＜3mm的电熔镁砂5‑25份；粒度小于1mm的电熔镁砂10‑20份；电熔镁砂细粉5‑15份；镁铝尖晶石粉5‑20份；炭素粉0‑1份，不包含0份；结合剂1‑3份；添加剂0‑4份，不包含0份。优点是：以电熔镁砂、镁铝尖晶石粉和炭素为主要原料，改用少部分炭素粉，以保证其基质不易被精炼炉渣润湿，同时为保证其热震稳定性，加入热震稳定性及抗碱性渣较好的尖晶石粉。

Description

一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖及制备方法。
背景技术
镁碳砖是一种优质耐火材料，由于该种含碳耐火制品具有耐火度高，抗渣侵蚀性能好，耐热震性强及高温蠕变小等优点，在电炉、转炉及精炼炉等得到广泛应用，并且使用寿命得到大幅提高，同时镁碳砖无需高温烧成，节省能源，制作工艺简单因而迅速得到推广使用，但近年来，随着对钢的性能要求越来越高，所以对钢水成分控制越来越严格，对于长时间存储钢水的钢包，其内衬材料，特别是用于精炼的钢包对钢水会产生污染，并且在长时间的精炼条件下，钢水热量流失较多。因此，严格控制其内衬成分，改进其组成对进一步减小对钢水的污染，同时减缓热量流失具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖及制备方法，超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的含碳低对钢水污染小、导热系数小，能够有效减少钢水热量流失，能很好解决钢包渣线对钢水渗碳污染，并且能保证钢水在长时间精炼后仍能达到连铸温度。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，由下列重量份数的原料配制而成：5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂5-15份；3mm≤粒度＜5mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；1mm≤粒度＜3mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；粒度小于1mm的电熔镁砂10-20份；电熔镁砂细粉5-15份；镁铝尖晶石粉5-20份；炭素粉0-1份，不包含0份；结合剂1-3份；添加剂0-4份，不包含0份。
所述的电熔镁砂和电熔镁砂细粉的理化指标：MgO≥97.5，CaO≤1.5，SiO2≤1.2，Fe2O3≤0.6，体积密度≥3.45g/㎝3。
所述的电熔镁砂细粉的粒度小于0.088mm。
所述的镁铝尖晶石粉的MgO≥45％，Al2O3≥50％，粒度小于0.088mm。
所述的炭素粉的粒度小于0.088mm，其中含碳质量百分比为：C≥93.0％。
所述的结合剂为酚醛树脂，其理化指标为：固含量≥80％，残碳≥46％，游离酚≤10％，水分≤3.0％，PH值6-7。
所述的结合剂为硅酸钠和酚醛树脂的混合物。
所述的添加剂为硅粉、铝粉、硅粉-铝粉复合粉、碳化硅、碳化硼、镁铝合金粉的一种或一种以上的混合物，粒级≤320目。
一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的制备方法，按照配料、混练、成型、热处理工序制作，包括以下步骤：
1)将添加剂与电熔镁砂细粉在振动磨中干混均匀，制成共磨粉；
2)将5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂与预热30-50℃的结合剂进行混合，然后依次将其余电熔镁砂颗粒按由大到小的顺序依次加入，搅拌3-5min，加入结合剂再搅拌3-5min，使结合剂均匀包裹在电熔镁砂颗粒表面，再加入炭素粉混合搅拌1-2min，最后加入共磨粉混合20-30min后出料；
3)高压成型，进行热处理，用隧道窑进行热处理，从常温到110℃加热8h，从110℃加热到200℃加热8h，200℃保温6h，出窑拣选，得到钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖。
所述的钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的理化指标如下：MgO≥86.7％，200℃烘后体积密度≥3.14g/cm3，显气孔率≤3％，耐压强度≥40MPa，线变化率0～1.0％。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
以电熔镁砂、镁铝尖晶石粉和炭素为主要原料，改用少部分炭素粉，以保证其基质不易被精炼炉渣润湿，同时为保证其热震稳定性，加入热震稳定性及抗碱性渣较好的尖晶石粉。不仅有效减缓了钢水的热量损失，还解决了目前钢包内衬对钢水产生污染的问题，对于节能降耗、环境保护具有重要的意义。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明进行详细地描述，但是应该指出本发明的实施不限于以下的实施方式。
一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，由下列重量份数的原料配制而成：5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂5-15份；3mm≤粒度＜5mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；1mm≤粒度＜3mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；粒度小于1mm的电熔镁砂10-20份；电熔镁砂细粉5-15份；镁铝尖晶石粉5-20份；炭素粉0-1份，不包含0份；结合剂1-3份；添加剂0-4份，不包含0份。
其中，电熔镁砂细粉的粒度小于0.088mm。镁铝尖晶石粉中的MgO≥45％，Al2O3≥50％，粒度小于0.088mm。电熔镁砂理化指标为：MgO≥97.5，CaO≤1.5，SiO2≤1.2，Fe2O3≤0.6，体积密度≥3.45g/㎝3。炭素粉的粒度小于0.088mm，其中C≥93.0％。
结合剂可采用酚醛树脂，其理化指标为：固含量≥80％，残碳≥46％，游离酚≤10％，水分≤3.0％，PH值6～7。
结合剂为提高环保性能，采用硅酸钠和酚醛树脂的混合物，混合比例为硅酸钠:酚醛树脂＝1:2。固化后的酚醛树脂分解释放CO2、CO、CH4、H2等气体，留下固定碳，形成碳网络结构，但是，固定碳也给钢水带来增碳问题，因此尽量减少酚醛树脂的使用量，提高环保型结合剂的使用量。(酚醛树脂加入量占总量的2％左右，残碳也在46％左右，小部分碳保证炉渣对渣线砖不润湿，减缓对渣线砖侵蚀，且少量碳含量渗碳不明显。)
添加剂为硅粉(Si≥98.00％)、铝粉(活性Al≥98.00％)、硅粉-铝粉复合粉、碳化硅、碳化硼、镁铝合金粉等一种或一种以上的混合物，其粒级≤320目。200目为0.075mm，325目为0.045mm。
实施例：
上述实施例制备钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的方法在于：
1)将各组份按上述实施例配比称重备用；先将硅粉、铝粉、硅-铝复合粉、碳化硅、碳化硼、镁铝合金粉等一种或一种以上的混合物以及电熔镁砂细粉在振动磨中干混均匀，制成共磨粉；
2)生产时，将5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂与预热30-50℃的结合剂(酚醛树脂，或者酚醛树脂与硅酸钠的混合物)进行混合，预热温度优选38-45℃，然后依次将其余电熔镁砂颗粒按由大到小的顺序依次加入，搅拌3-5min，加入结合剂再搅拌3-5min，使结合剂均匀包裹在电熔镁砂颗粒表面，再加入炭素粉混合搅拌1-2min，最后加入共磨粉混合20-30min后出料；然后高压成型，进行热处理，用隧道窑进行热处理，从常温到110℃加热8h，从110℃加热到200℃加热8h，200℃保温6h，出窑拣选，得到钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖。
钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的主要理化指标如下：MgO≥86.7％，200℃烘后体积密度≥3.14g/cm3，显气孔率(200℃×24h)≤3％，耐压强度(200℃×24h)≥40MPa，线变化率(1600℃×3h)0～1.0％，碳含量在2％-3％之间。
本发明以电熔镁砂、镁铝尖晶石粉和炭素为主要原料，引入硅粉、铝粉、硅粉-铝粉复合粉、碳化硅、碳化硼、镁铝合金粉等一种或一种以上的混合物为添加剂，控制体系中碳的质量分数不超过1％，经配料、混练，成型，热处理研发出的一种超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，在某钢厂100t钢包渣线区使用，平均使用次数达75炉，解决了钢水在长时间精炼过程中的钢水污染问题，降低了耐火材料的成本和炼钢成本。另外，还有效减缓了钢水的热量损失。本发明对钢水成分严格控制保证钢水的洁净度提出了一种新的途径，对于节能降耗、环境保护具有重要的意义。

Claims (10)

1.一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，由下列重量份数的原料配制而成：5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂5-15份；3mm≤粒度＜5mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；1mm≤粒度＜3mm的电熔镁砂5-25份；粒度小于1mm的电熔镁砂10-20份；电熔镁砂细粉5-15份；镁铝尖晶石粉5-20份；炭素粉0-1份，不包含0份；结合剂1-3份；添加剂0-4份，不包含0份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的电熔镁砂和电熔镁砂细粉的理化指标：MgO≥97.5，CaO≤1.5，SiO2≤1.2，Fe2O3≤0.6，体积密度≥3.45g/㎝3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的电熔镁砂细粉的粒度小于0.088mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的镁铝尖晶石粉的MgO≥45％，Al2O3≥50％，粒度小于0.088mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的炭素粉的粒度小于0.088mm，其中含碳质量百分比为：C≥93.0％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的结合剂为酚醛树脂，其理化指标为：固含量≥80％，残碳≥46％，游离酚≤10％，水分≤3.0％，PH值6-7。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的结合剂为硅酸钠和酚醛树脂的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖，其特征在于，所述的添加剂为硅粉、铝粉、硅粉-铝粉复合粉、碳化硅、碳化硼、镁铝合金粉的一种或一种以上的混合物，粒级≤320目。
9.一种根据权利要求1所述的钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的制备方法，其特征在于，按照配料、混练、成型、热处理工序制作，包括以下步骤：
1)将添加剂与电熔镁砂细粉在振动磨中干混均匀，制成共磨粉；
2)将5mm≤粒度＜8mm的电熔镁砂与预热30-50℃的结合剂进行混合，然后依次将其余电熔镁砂颗粒按由大到小的顺序依次加入，搅拌3-5min，加入结合剂再搅拌3-5min，使结合剂均匀包裹在电熔镁砂颗粒表面，再加入炭素粉混合搅拌1-2min，最后加入共磨粉混合20-30min后出料；
3)高压成型，进行热处理，用隧道窑进行热处理，从常温到110℃加热8h，从110℃加热到200℃加热8h，200℃保温6h，出窑拣选，得到钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的钢包用超低碳方镁石-尖晶石-碳砖的理化指标如下：MgO≥86.7％，200℃烘后体积密度≥3.14g/cm3，显气孔率≤3％，耐压强度≥40MPa，线变化率0～1.0％。
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