CN114163225B - Preparation method of ceramic tile with super matte effect - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic tile with super matte effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN114163225B CN114163225B CN202111588318.2A CN202111588318A CN114163225B CN 114163225 B CN114163225 B CN 114163225B CN 202111588318 A CN202111588318 A CN 202111588318A CN 114163225 B CN114163225 B CN 114163225B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect, which comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a ceramic blank; (2) coating overglaze; (3) ink-jet printing; (4) coating dry grain glaze; and (5) drying and sintering. The softening temperature of the dry grains A is 1150-1190 ℃, the softening temperature of the dry grains B is 1010-1070 ℃, the integral melting temperature of the dry grain glaze layer can be adjusted by changing the composition proportion of the two dry grains through the matching of 2 dry grains with different temperatures, and further the glossiness, the hand feeling and the antifouling performance of the glaze surface are adjusted, so that the glossiness of a dark color product can be 0-1 ℃ and the glossiness of a light color product can be 1-3 ℃ while the good fine smooth hand feeling and the excellent antifouling performance are ensured; the dry grain glaze contains 2 kinds of fine dry grains with different melting temperature ranges, can be adjusted to adapt to a larger range of firing temperature through a formula, obtains the effect under the conditions that the firing period is 50-70 min and the firing temperature is 1190-1226 ℃, and solves the problems of low glossiness, poor hand feeling and difficult cleaning of the matt brick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tile preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect.
Background
The ceramic generally consists of a green body and glaze, wherein the green body is the main part of the ceramic, is used for firing and forming and has high compressive strength; the glaze material is a vitreous thin layer covered on the surface of the blank body, has high hardness and high wear resistance, and simultaneously has the effect of beautifying the surface of the ceramic. The performance of ceramic glaze is the competitive embodiment of the ceramic product in the industry, beautiful, clean, durable and cheap ceramic is often the first choice in the heart of consumers, and the glaze can provide the most intuitive feeling for the consumers. Matte tiles refer to tiles with relatively low light reflectance. The surface of the matt ceramic tile is still relatively flat, no obvious concave-convex texture exists, and the anti-skid effect is not obviously different from that of a polished tile.
Chinese patent CN201810979553.4 discloses a preparation method of a matte dry particle glazed brick, wherein dry particle glaze is prepared from 120-200-mesh fine dry particles, protective glaze and a suspending agent. Spraying the mixture on the surface of a green brick, and firing to obtain the matte dry particle glazed brick with good antifouling property. But the glaze has higher glossiness which is more than 25 degrees, and is not in line with the matte concept of the matte brick at present. Chinese patent CN202011153711.4 discloses a ceramic tile with matt dry grain glaze and matt dry grain glaze effect, wherein the matt effect of the glaze is realized by using a devitrification overglaze and a dry grain glaze added with 40-45% of devitrification protection glaze, but the process has devitrification requirements on the overglaze and the protection glaze, the devitrification glaze has color difference, abundant pattern design cannot be shown, and fine crystals can be visibly separated out from the glaze, so that the attractive appearance of the glaze is influenced. Meanwhile, the dry granular glaze in the process contains a large proportion of protective glaze, and the glaze surface lacks the granular hand feeling of the dry granular glaze after firing. Chinese patent CN111116238A discloses a preparation method of a ceramic tile with low glossiness and stone imitation effect, which achieves the matte effect by sticking matte dry particles with digital glue and spraying a layer of extinction protective glaze.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the ceramic tile with the super-matte effect, which has the advantages of simple process, ultralow glossiness of a finished product, good antifouling performance, fine particle hand feeling and good slip stopping effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a ceramic blank: pressing and molding the blank made into the ceramic blank body, and drying to obtain the ceramic blank body;
(2) Coating of overglaze: uniformly coating the overglaze on the ceramic blank prepared in the step (1) to obtain a ceramic blank with the overglaze;
(3) Ink-jet printing: printing a pattern on the surface of the ceramic blank with the overglaze prepared in the step (2) by ink jet printing, and drying to obtain a ceramic blank sprayed with the pattern;
(4) Coating of dry particle glaze: preparing Shi Ganli glaze on the surface of the ceramic blank sprayed with the patterns in the step (3) to obtain a ceramic blank applied with dry grain glaze;
(5) Drying and sintering: drying the ceramic blank body applied with the dry granular glaze and obtained in the step (4), and feeding the ceramic blank body into a roller kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1190-1226 ℃, and the sintering period is 50-70 min, so as to obtain the ceramic tile with the super matte effect; the ceramic tile with the super matte effect sequentially comprises a green body, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a dry grain glaze layer from bottom to top;
wherein the dry particle glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-32%, dry particles B2-10%, water: 20-25% of glue in balance; the softening temperature of the dry granules A is 1150-1190 ℃, and the softening temperature of the dry granules B is 1010-1070 ℃.
Further, the blank made into the ceramic blank in the step (1) is pressed and molded, and is placed into a drying kiln to be dried for 40-60 min at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, and the moisture of the blank is controlled within 0.3 percent, so that the ceramic blank is obtained.
Further, when the glaze spraying cabinet is adopted to spray the overglaze in the step (2), the specific gravity of the overglaze can be 1.43-1.48, and the glaze spraying amount can be 450-550 g/m 2 (ii) a The glossiness of the surface glaze after firing is controlled to be 3-5 degrees.
Further, in the step (3), ink-jet printing patterns on the surface of the ceramic blank with the overglaze prepared in the step (2), placing the ceramic blank in a drying kiln, and drying the ceramic blank at the temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 50-80 s to obtain the ceramic blank with the patterns.
Further, when the glaze spraying cabinet is adopted to spray dry granular glaze in the step (4), the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.28-1.35, glazing amount: 220-275 g/m 2 (ii) a The glaze spraying cabinet is a high-pressure glaze spraying cabinetThe nozzle size is 0.36mm, the nozzle angle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of the glaze spraying cabinet glaze pump is 9-13 MPa.
Further, the solid phase component of the dry-grain glaze in the step (4) is ultrafine dry grains, and the grain composition of the ultrafine dry grains is as follows: more than 200 meshes: <1%, 200-250 mesh: 5% -15%, 250-325 mesh: 35-45%, 325 mesh below: 45 to 55 percent.
Further, the chemical composition of the ultrafine dry particles in the step (4) is as follows: according to the mass percentage, the loss on ignition is 0.4 to 0.8 percent, and SiO 2 ：60.00～65.00%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.00～16.00%、CaO：10.00～12.00%、MgO：0.50～1.50%、K 2 O：4.00～6.00%、Na 2 O：0.50～2.50%、ZnO：4.50～5.00%、BaO：0.1.～0.30%。
Further, the dry particle glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-32%, dry particles B2-10%, water: 20-25% of glue in balance; the softening temperature of the dry granules A is 1150-1190 ℃, and the softening temperature of the dry granules B is 1010-1070 ℃.
Further, the chemical composition of the dry particle A is as follows: siO 2 2 ：62.80～63.62%、Al 2 O 3 ：14.84～15.68%、CaO：9.98～10.83%、MgO：0.95～1.07%、K 2 O：4.10～4.90%、Na 2 O:0.59 to 0.68%, znO:4.30 to 4.63%, baO:0.21 to 0.32 percent; the chemical composition of the dry particles B is as follows: siO 2 2 ：62.01～63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：10.72～11.324%、CaO：11.11～12.23%、MgO：0.89～1.02%、K 2 O：5.30～6.21%、Na 2 O：1.65～2.21%、ZnO：4.76～5.24%、BaO：0.09～0.16%。
Furthermore, the flow rate of the glue is 70-90 s, the specific gravity is 1.01-1.08, and the glue plays a role of a suspending agent in the dry granular glaze.
Compared with the prior numerous invention patents (such as Chinese patent CN201810979553.4 and Chinese patent CN 202011153711.4), the preparation method of the ceramic tile with the super matte effect is different in that the dry particle glaze of the invention does not introduce a protective glaze to fill the gaps of high-temperature dry particles so as to improve the antifouling capacity, so that the protective glaze is prevented from melting to cover the dry particles and the particle hand feeling of the dry particles is not influenced; the dry particle glaze contains superfine low-temperature dry particles, can fill gaps among high-temperature dry particles, achieves the effect of no dirt hiding, has good antifouling performance, and keeps the pure dry particle hand feeling of original taste and flavor; more specifically, the softening temperature of the dry grains A is 1150-1190 ℃, the softening temperature of the dry grains B is 1010-1070 ℃, the integral melting temperature of the dry grain glaze layer can be adjusted by changing the composition proportion of the two dry grains through the matching of 2 dry grains with different temperatures, and further the glossiness, the hand feeling and the antifouling performance of the glaze surface are adjusted, and the dry grain glaze can produce similar glaze surface effects in different firing systems by the method; the glossiness of the existing matte brick in the market can reach 5-10 degrees, the matte dry grains are usually used, the sintering temperature of glaze materials is increased to enable the matte dry grains to be in a low-burning state or induce a glaze layer to generate crystals, the common matte dry grains are rough and dry in hand feeling and easy to hide stains, the hand feeling and antifouling performance of the low-burning glaze are poor, and the crystal points of the glaze surface of the crystal glaze influence the attractiveness.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super-matte effect, which comprises the steps of selecting dry glaze prepared from superfine dry particles, glue and water, and spraying the dry glaze on a tile blank with a pattern printed by ink-jet printing, wherein the spraying amount is 220-275 g/square meter. The matte anti-slip ceramic tile with the glossiness of 0-3 degrees, fine hand feeling, anti-slip property, good antifouling property and easy cleaning is obtained by sintering at the highest temperature of 1190-1226 ℃. The invention has simple process and strong practicability, and because the dry-particle glaze contains 2 kinds of fine dry particles with different melting temperature ranges, the matt anti-slip glaze can adapt to the firing temperature in a larger range through the adjustment of the formula, and the effect can be obtained under the conditions that the firing period is 50-70 min and the firing temperature is 1190-1226 ℃. The matte brick product prepared by selecting the mode of blending the superfine dry granular glaze solves the problems of low glossiness, poor hand feeling and difficult cleaning of the matte brick product in the market.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional layered structure of the super matte effect ceramic tile of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a picture of a ceramic tile product with a gloss of 1 degree and a super matte effect prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples may help one skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
A method for preparing ceramic tile with super matt effect, wherein the ceramic body can be prepared from known ceramic raw materials by conventional method, or from powder for preparing ceramic body defined in the application, and the ceramic raw materials or the powder for preparing ceramic body are subjected to ball milling, powder spraying granulation, green compact drying and other steps to prepare ceramic body; specifically, the ceramic raw materials used for the ceramic body in the following examples comprise the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si0 2 ：67%、A1 2 O 3 ：21.5%、K 2 0：3.5%、Na 2 0：2%、MgO：0.5%、CaO：0.3%、Fe 2 O 3 :0.5%, IL:4.7 percent; the powder material of the fully polished tile blank is sieved by a 250-mesh sieve, and the rest is 0.6-0.8%.
The method for preparing ceramic tile with super-matt effect is characterized by that the coating mode of overglaze can be bell jar or glaze-spraying cabinet to apply overglaze or ink-jet printing digital overglaze, etc., the overglaze glaze material is not specially limited, and after the overglaze is fired, its glossiness can be controlled at 3-5 deg. When the glaze spraying cabinet is adopted to spray the overglaze, the specific gravity of the overglaze can be 1.43-1.48, and the glaze spraying amount can be 450-550 g/m 2 . The glazing method is simple to operate, glaze defects are not easy to generate, and the glazing method is also the most preferred in the most popular production lines of rock boards and large plates. In the following embodiments, the mineral composition of the overglaze is: potassium, albite: 30-50%, quartz: 12-18%, nepheline: 6-12%, kaolin 8-20%, alumina: 15 to 25 percent; the chemical composition of the overglaze can be as follows: loss on ignition by mass: 1.60-2.20% of SiO 2 ：53.00～56.00%、Al 2 O 3 ：27.00～33.00%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.15～0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.08～0.15%、CaO：0.30～0.50%、MgO：0.20～0.50%、K 2 O：1.00～3.00%、Na 2 O：3.50～4.50%、P 2 O 5 ：0.1～0.3%，ZrO 2 ：5.00～6.00%。
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect is used for carrying out ink-jet printing on patterns, and can adopt the most common ink-jet printer printing mode in the industry. The ceramic ink used may be blue, brown, orange, yellow, black, red, etc. When in printing, the ink with the effects of gloss, matte and the like can be printed at the same time, the glossiness of local patterns is changed, and the layers of the patterns are increased; after ink-jet printing, the drying temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the drying time is 50-80 s; the main function is to dry the ink, reduce the repulsion between different inks and reduce the influence of the ink oiliness on the glaze discharging of the overglaze.
A method for preparing ceramic tiles with super-matte effect requires a high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet with a nozzle size of 0.36mm, a nozzle angle of 110 degrees and a glaze pump pressure of 9-13 MPa, in order to ensure good atomization degree of spraying.
The preparation method of the ceramic tile with the super matte effect adopts glaze glue commonly used in the industry, mainly comprises xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylene glycol, a defoaming agent, an ink discharging agent and water, and plays a role of a suspending agent in dry granular glaze. The superfine dry particles are suspended and dispersed in the glue water, and precipitation and agglomeration do not occur; the glue contains the ink discharging agent, and the surface tension of the glue is close to that of ink, so that the glue is not easy to generate rejection reaction with ink for ink-jet printing, and the glaze surface is more uniform and smooth during glazing.
The surface of the ceramic tile with the super-matte effect is provided with good smooth hand feeling and excellent antifouling performance, and meanwhile, the glaze surface has very low glossiness, the glossiness of a dark color product can be 0-1 degree, and the glossiness of a light color product can be 1-3 degrees. The super-matte effect can greatly improve the decoration effect of the ceramic tile, and the appearance and texture of more matte materials can be simulated by the ceramic tile in combination with the corresponding design pattern; the dry particle glaze is adopted as the protective glaze, and the glue is used as a suspending agent and is not easy to generate a rejection reaction with an oily ink layer due to strong transparency and good color development of the dry particles. Even if the decorative pattern is designed by a dark color with large ink quantity, the fired glaze effect and color development are not affected; the ink can be used for printing effect ink such as glossy ink, matte ink and the like in a pattern printing link, and the pattern layers are increased. The effect dry particles such as flash dry particles, metal dry particles, colored dry particles and the like can also be added into the dry particle glaze layer, so that the decorative effect of the glaze layer is improved; by selecting and adjusting the formula of the superfine dry particles, the prepared ceramic tile has excellent antifouling performance and is easy to clean. The antifouling test for the archaized brick in the ceramic industry is generally to draw large round points on different positions of the brick surface by using three colors of oily pens, and after standing for 5 minutes, the brick is wiped by mixing water and wax removal powder. The ceramic tile glaze surface made by the invention can easily clean the marks drawn by the oil pen only by using water, and has excellent antifouling property compared with matte tiles in the industry; the adopted protective glaze material is dry particle glaze prepared from superfine dry particles, the glaze surface has fine particle hand feeling after being fired, the surface has countless fine concave-convex shapes, the surface area of the ceramic tile contacted with a contact object is larger according to the principle of friction force, and the ceramic tile is easier to have larger friction assistance and adsorption force, so the ceramic tile has good skid resistance.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) pressing a common ceramic blank.
(2) Drying in a drying kiln for 50min at 130-150 deg.c to obtain dried green body with water content within 0.3%.
(3) And (3) applying overglaze on the glaze spraying cabinet, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45, and the glaze spraying amount is 450g/m & lt 2 & gt. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: loss on ignition by mass: 1.82%、SiO 2 ：53.14%、Al 2 O 3 ：32.04%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.13%、CaO：0.42%、MgO：0.35%、K 2 O：2.29%、Na 2 O：4.32%、ZrO 2 ：5.24%。
(4) The pattern is ink-jet printed. A black design pattern with an average gray level of 45% was printed.
(5) Drying in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 60s.
(6) Spraying dry granular glaze, wherein the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 250 g/m2, a glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 12MPa.
The dry granular glaze contains: dry particles A:27%, dry particles B:3%, glue: 50%, water: 20 percent.
Chemical composition of dry pellets a: 0.46% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：15.21%、CaO：10.33%、MgO：1.03%、K 2 O：4.45%、Na 2 O：0.66%、 ZnO：4.49%、BaO：0.25%。
Chemical composition of dry pellets B: loss on ignition of 0.53% and SiO 2 ：62.93%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.12%、CaO：11.59%、MgO：0.96%、K 2 O：5.83%、Na 2 O：2.02%、ZnO：4.89%、BaO：0.13%。
The particle size distribution of the dry particles A is as follows: 200 meshes to 250 meshes: 6.70%.250 mesh to 325 mesh: 39.94%,325 mesh: 53.36%. The grain composition of B is as follows: more than 200 meshes: 0.85%,200 mesh to 250 mesh: 12.81%,250 mesh to 325 mesh: 44.63%,325 mesh below: 41.71%.
(7) Drying at 130-150 deg.c. The moisture of the green brick before entering the kiln is controlled to be below 0.6 percent.
(8) Sintering in a roller kiln, wherein the sintering period is 55min, and the highest sintering temperature is as follows: 1226 deg.C.
The ceramic tile with the super matte effect prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of fine dry particle glaze, superfine granular feel, slip prevention effect, good antifouling property and glaze glossiness of 1 degree.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) pressing a common ceramic blank.
(2) Drying in a drying kiln for 50min at 130-150 deg.c to obtain dried green body with water content within 0.3%.
(3) And (3) applying overglaze on the glaze spraying cabinet, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45, and the glaze spraying amount is 450g/m & lt 2 & gt. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: loss on ignition by mass: 1.82% of SiO 2 ：53.14%、Al 2 O 3 ：32.04%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.13%、CaO：0.42%、MgO：0.35%、K 2 O：2.29%、Na 2 O：4.32%、ZrO 2 ：5.24%。
(4) The pattern is ink-jet printed. A black design pattern with an average gray level of 45% was printed.
(5) Drying in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 60s.
(6) Spraying dry granular glaze, wherein the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 200 g/m2, a glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 12MPa.
The dry particle glaze contains: dry particles A:27%, dry particles B:3%, glue: 50%, water: 20 percent.
Chemical composition of dry pellets a: 0.46% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：15.21%、CaO：10.33%、MgO：1.03%、K 2 O：4.45%、Na 2 O：0.66%、 ZnO：4.49%、BaO：0.25%。
Chemical composition of dry pellets B: 0.53% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：62.93%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.12%、CaO：11.59%、MgO：0.96%、K 2 O：5.83%、Na 2 O：2.02%、ZnO：4.89%、BaO：0.13%。
The particle size distribution of the dry particles A is as follows: 200 meshes to 250 meshes: 6.70%, 250 mesh to 325 mesh: 39.94%,325 mesh: 53.36%. The grain composition of B is as follows: more than 200 meshes: 0.85%,200 mesh to 250 mesh: 12.81%,250 mesh to 325 mesh: 44.63%,325 mesh below: 41.71%.
(7) Drying at 130-150 deg.c. The green brick moisture before entering the kiln is controlled below 0.6 percent.
(8) Sintering in a roller kiln, wherein the sintering period is 55min, and the highest sintering temperature is as follows: 1226 deg.C.
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 200 g/m2.
Compared with the finished product of the example 1, the super matte effect ceramic tile prepared in the example 2 has slightly astringent dry grain glaze, stronger granular feeling, better slip prevention effect, inferior antifouling performance to the example 1, and glaze glossiness of 0.5 degree.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) pressing a common ceramic blank.
(2) Drying in a drying kiln for 50min at 130-150 deg.c to obtain dried green body with water content within 0.3%.
(3) And (3) applying overglaze on the glaze spraying cabinet, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45, and the glaze spraying amount is 450g/m & lt 2 & gt. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: loss on ignition by mass: 1.82% and SiO 2 ：53.14%、Al 2 O 3 ：32.04%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.13%、CaO：0.42%、MgO：0.35%、K 2 O：2.29%、Na 2 O：4.32%、ZrO 2 ：5.24%。
(4) The pattern is ink-jet printed. A black design pattern with an average gray level of 45% was printed.
(5) Drying in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 60s.
(6) Spraying dry granular glaze, wherein the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 300 g/m2, a glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 12MPa.
The dry particle glaze contains: dry particles A:27%, dry particles B:3%, glue: 50%, water: 20 percent.
Chemical composition of dry pellets a: 0.46% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：15.21%、CaO：10.33%、MgO：1.03%、K 2 O：4.45%、Na 2 O：0.66%、 ZnO：4.49%、BaO：0.25%。
Chemical composition of dry pellets B: 0.53% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：62.93%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.12%、CaO：11.59%、MgO：0.96%、K 2 O：5.83%、Na 2 O：2.02%、ZnO：4.89%、BaO：0.13%。
The particle size distribution of the dry particles A is as follows: 200 meshes to 250 meshes: 6.70%, 250 mesh to 325 mesh: 39.94%,325 mesh: 53.36%. The grain composition of B is as follows: more than 200 meshes: 0.85%,200 mesh to 250 mesh: 12.81%,250 mesh to 325 mesh: 44.63%,325 mesh below: 41.71%.
(7) Drying at 130-150 deg.c. The green brick moisture before entering the kiln is controlled below 0.6 percent.
(8) Sintering in a roller kiln, wherein the sintering period is 55min, and the highest sintering temperature is as follows: 1226 deg.C.
Compared with the finished product of the example 1, the super-matte ceramic tile prepared in the example 3 has the advantages of soft dry particle glaze, weak granular feeling, slightly poor slip-stopping effect, good antifouling property and glaze glossiness of 2 degrees.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) pressing a common ceramic blank.
(2) Drying in a drying kiln for 50min at 130-150 deg.c to obtain dried green body with water content within 0.3%.
(3) And (3) applying overglaze on the glaze spraying cabinet, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45, and the glaze spraying amount is 450g/m & lt 2 & gt. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: loss on ignition by mass: 1.82% and SiO 2 ：53.14%、Al 2 O 3 ：32.04%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.13%、CaO：0.42%、MgO：0.35%、K 2 O：2.29%、Na 2 O：4.32%、ZrO 2 ：5.24%。
(4) The pattern is ink-jet printed. A black design pattern with an average gray level of 45% was printed.
(5) Drying in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 60s.
(6) Spraying dry granular glaze, wherein the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 250 g/m2, a glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 12MPa.
The dry particle glaze contains: dry particles A:30% and glue: 50%, water: 20 percent.
Chemical composition of dry pellets a: 0.46% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：15.21%、CaO：10.33%、MgO：1.03%、K 2 O：4.45%、Na 2 O：0.66%、 ZnO：4.49%、BaO：0.25%。
The particle size distribution of the dry particles A is as follows: 200 meshes to 250 meshes: 6.70%, 250 mesh to 325 mesh: 39.94%,325 mesh: 53.36%. And (7) drying at 130-150 ℃. The green brick moisture before entering the kiln is controlled below 0.6 percent.
(8) Sintering in a roller kiln, wherein the sintering period is 55min, and the highest sintering temperature is as follows: 1226 deg.C.
The matte dry particle glaze of the ceramic tile dry particle glaze prepared by the comparative example has dry hand feeling, is easy to hide dirt, has poor antifouling performance, and has the glaze glossiness of 0.5 degree.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic tile with a super matte effect comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) pressing a common ceramic blank.
(2) Drying in a drying kiln for 50min at 130-150 deg.c to obtain dried green body with water content within 0.3%.
(3) Overglaze is applied to the glaze spraying cabinet, the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45, and the glaze spraying amount is 450g/m < 2 >. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: loss on ignition by mass: 1.82% and SiO 2 ：53.14%、Al 2 O 3 ：32.04%、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.25%、TiO 2 ：0.13%、CaO：0.42%、MgO：0.35%、K 2 O：2.29%、Na 2 O：4.32%、ZrO 2 ：5.24%。
(4) The pattern is ink-jet printed. A black design pattern with an average gray level of 45% was printed.
(5) Drying in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of 130-150 ℃ for 60s.
(6) Spraying dry granular glaze, wherein the specific gravity of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.32, glazing amount: 250 g/m2, a glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 12MPa.
The dry particle glaze contains: 30% of dry particles B, glue: 50%, water: 20 percent.
Chemical composition of dry pellets B: 0.53% loss on ignition and SiO 2 ：62.93%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.12%、CaO：11.59%、MgO：0.96%、K 2 O：5.83%、Na 2 O：2.02%、ZnO：4.89%、BaO：0.13%。
The grain composition of B is as follows: more than 200 meshes: 0.85%,200 mesh to 250 mesh: 12.81%,250 mesh to 325 mesh: 44.63%,325 mesh below: 41.71%.
(7) Drying at 130-150 deg.c. The green brick moisture before entering the kiln is controlled below 0.6 percent.
(8) Sintering in a roller kiln, wherein the sintering period is 55min, and the highest sintering temperature is as follows: 1226 deg.C.
The matte dry particle glaze surface of the ceramic tile prepared by the comparative example has flat hand feeling, lacks of particle hand feeling and has the glaze surface glossiness of 15 degrees.
And (3) antifouling performance test: the surfaces of the ceramic tiles with the super matt effect prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 are coated with a mark pen for antifouling performance test, and the antifouling performance test method comprises the following steps: drawing large dots on different positions of the brick surface by using three colors of oily pens, standing for 5 minutes, and then wiping by mixing water and wax removal powder; when the super-matte ceramic tile manufactured in the embodiment 1-3 is used for antifouling performance test, the mark drawn by the oil pen can be easily wiped clean only by water, and compared with a matte tile in the industry, the super-matte ceramic tile has excellent antifouling performance; when the ceramic tiles with the super-matte effect manufactured in the comparative examples 1-2 are subjected to antifouling performance test, the ceramic tiles are wiped by water, so that stains are difficult to remove, the stain residues are obvious, and the antifouling performance of the ceramic tiles with the super-matte effect manufactured in the comparative examples 1-2 is poor.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic tile with the super-matte effect, the softening temperature of the dry particles A is 1150-1190 ℃, the softening temperature of the dry particles B is 1010-1070 ℃, the integral melting temperature of the dry particle glaze layer can be adjusted by changing the composition proportion of the two dry particles through the matching of the 2 dry particles with different temperatures, and further the glossiness, the hand feeling and the antifouling property of the glaze surface are adjusted, so that the glossiness of a dark color product can be 0-1 degree, and the glossiness of a light color product can be 1-3 degrees while the good fine smooth hand feeling and the excellent antifouling property are ensured; because the dry granular glaze contains 2 kinds of fine dry granules with different melting temperature ranges, the matte anti-slip glaze can adapt to a firing temperature with a larger range through the adjustment of a formula, the effect can be obtained at a firing period of 50-70 min and a firing temperature of 1190-1226 ℃, and the problems of low glossiness, poor hand feeling and difficulty in cleaning of matte bricks in the market are solved.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the ceramic tile with the super matte effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a ceramic body: pressing and molding the blank made into the ceramic blank body, and drying to obtain the ceramic blank body;
(2) Coating of overglaze: uniformly coating the overglaze on the ceramic blank prepared in the step (1) to obtain a ceramic blank with the overglaze;
(3) Ink-jet printing: printing a pattern on the surface of the ceramic blank with the overglaze prepared in the step (2) by ink jet printing, and drying to obtain a ceramic blank with the pattern;
(4) Coating of dry particle glaze: preparing Shi Ganli glaze on the surface of the ceramic blank sprayed with the patterns in the step (3) to obtain a ceramic blank applied with dry grain glaze;
(5) Drying and sintering: drying the ceramic blank body applied with the dry granular glaze and obtained in the step (4), and feeding the ceramic blank body into a roller kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1190-1226 ℃, and the sintering period is 50-70 min, so as to obtain the ceramic tile with the super matte effect; the ceramic tile with the super matte effect sequentially comprises a green body, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a dry grain glaze layer from bottom to top;
wherein the dry particle glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-32%, dry particles B2-10%, water: 20-25% of glue in balance; the softening temperature of the dry granules A is 1150-1190 ℃, and the softening temperature of the dry granules B is 1010-1070 ℃; the solid phase component of the dry grain glaze is ultrafine dry grains, and the grain composition of the ultrafine dry grains is as follows: more than 200 meshes: <1%,200 to 250 mesh: 5% -15%, 250-325 mesh: 35-45%, 325 mesh below: 45 to 55 percent.
2. The method for preparing the ceramic tile with the super matte effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying process in the step (1) is as follows: drying at 130-150 deg.c for 40-60 min to control the water content in the blank within 0.3% and obtain the ceramic blank.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic tile with the super matte effect according to claim 1, wherein the overglaze in the step (2) is coated in a way that: spraying by a glaze spraying cabinet; when the glaze spraying cabinet is adopted to spray the overglaze, the specific gravity of the overglaze can be 1.43-1.48, and the glaze spraying amount can be 450-550 g/m 2 (ii) a The glossiness of the surface glaze after firing is controlled to be 3-5 degrees.
4. The method for preparing the super matte effect ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the drying process in the step (3) is as follows: drying the ceramic blank for 50 to 80 seconds at the temperature of between 130 and 150 ℃ to obtain the ceramic blank sprayed with the patterns.
5. The method for preparing the ceramic tile with the super matt effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry glaze in step (4) is applied by the following method: spraying by a glaze spraying cabinet; when the dry granular glaze is sprayed by adopting a glaze spraying cabinet, the proportion of the dry granular glaze is as follows: 1.28-1.35, glazing amount: 220-275 g/m 2 (ii) a The glaze spraying cabinet is a high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet, the size of a nozzle is 0.36mm, the angle of the nozzle is 110 degrees, and the pressure of a glaze pump of the glaze spraying cabinet is 9-13 MPa.
6. The method for preparing ceramic tile with super matt effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the ultra fine dry particles is: according to the mass percentage, the loss on ignition is 0.4 to 0.8 percent, and SiO is 2 ：60.00～65.00%、Al 2 O 3 ：11.00～16.00%、CaO：10.00～12.00%、MgO：0.50～1.50%、K 2 O：4.00～6.00%、Na 2 O：0.50～2.50%、ZnO：4.50～5.00%、BaO：0.10～0.30%。
7. The method for preparing a ceramic tile with a super matte effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry glaze comprises the following components in percentage by weight: dry particles A: 25-32%, dry particles B: 2-10%, water: 20-25% of glue in balance; the softening temperature of the dry granules A is 1150-1190 ℃, and the softening temperature of the dry granules B is 1010-1070 ℃.
8. The method for preparing a superbright effect ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein said dry granules A have a chemical composition: siO 2 2 ：62.80～63.62%、Al 2 O 3 ：14.84～15.68%、CaO：9.98～10.83%、MgO：0.95～1.07%、K 2 O：4.10～4.90%、Na 2 O:0.59 to 0.68%, znO:4.30 to 4.63%, baO:0.21 to 0.32 percent; the chemical composition of the dry particles B is as follows: siO 2 2 ：62.01～63.12%、Al 2 O 3 ：10.72～11.324%、CaO：11.11～12.23%、MgO：0.89～1.02%、K 2 O：5.30～6.21%、Na 2 O：1.65～2.21%、ZnO：4.76～5.24%、BaO：0.09～0.16%。
9. The method for preparing ceramic tiles with ultra-matte effect according to claim 1, wherein the glue has a flow rate of 70-90 s and a specific gravity of 1.01-1.08, and acts as a suspending agent in the dry glaze.
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| CN114163225A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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