CN115180982B - Simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115180982B
CN115180982B CN202210726091.1A CN202210726091A CN115180982B CN 115180982 B CN115180982 B CN 115180982B CN 202210726091 A CN202210726091 A CN 202210726091A CN 115180982 B CN115180982 B CN 115180982B
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glaze
layer
ceramic tile
percent
sio
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CN115180982A (en
Inventor
黄春林
谢怡伟
徐雪英
伍志良
朱光耀
陈育昆
仝松贞
傅建涛
宁毓胜
戴志梅
袁小娣
简润桐
叶德林
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New Pearl Guangdong New Materials Co ltd
Foshan Sanshui Newpearl Building Ceramic Industry Co Ltd
Hubei Newpearl Green Building Material Technology Co Ltd
Jiangxi Xinmingzhu Building Materials Co Ltd
Newpearl Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
New Pearl Guangdong New Materials Co ltd
Foshan Sanshui Newpearl Building Ceramic Industry Co Ltd
Hubei Newpearl Green Building Material Technology Co Ltd
Jiangxi Xinmingzhu Building Materials Co Ltd
Newpearl Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ceramic tile sequentially comprises a green body layer, a ground coat layer, a texture color layer and a surface coat layer from bottom to top; the primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and burning loss less than or equal to 3%; the surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 4 percent of burning loss. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile provided by the invention has the advantages that the ground coat layer and the surface coat layer with special chemical components and a special preparation process are adopted, so that the texture color layer has pure color, a matte effect, smooth and fine handfeel and soft texture, and the effect of micro-cement is achieved.

Description

Simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The texture of the tile is an important factor affecting the visual effect of the tile and is an important visual design element. The ceramic tiles with different textures give different visual feelings to people, such as marble grains, wood grains, cloth grains, metal-like grains, terrazzo-like grains, cement-like and other ceramic tiles, have different textures and give different visual feelings to consumers. The cement-like ceramic tile has a matte effect due to the characteristics of the simulated micro cement, and is fine in texture and is popular with consumers. However, compared with real micro-cement, the texture of the existing cement-like ceramic tile is still larger in difference, and the defects of insufficient fineness of the texture, insufficient ideal simulation effect and insufficient pure color development exist.
It can be seen that there is a need for improvements and improvements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the defects that the ceramic tile with simulated micro-cement texture is not fine enough and has poor color development in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top; the primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and burning loss less than or equal to 3%; the surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent, burningThe reduction is less than or equal to 4 percent.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground coat is prepared from ground coat glaze, wherein the ground coat glaze consists of 92-96% of raw materials and 4-8% of frits in percentage by mass.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the chemical components of the frit comprise the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 7～12％、K 2 O 4～6％、Na 2 O 1～3％、CaO 7～12％、MgO 0.8～1.2％、ZnO 5～7％、BaO 13～15％、B 2 O 3 2～3％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.3 percent, other impurities and burning loss less than or equal to 1 percent.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the raw material comprises potassium feldspar, albite, calcined kaolin, aluminum oxide powder, nepheline, wollastonite, air knife soil, quartz powder, zinc oxide and zirconium silicate.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the raw material also comprises ball clay.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground coat glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9 to 13 percent of calcined kaolin, 4 to 6 percent of air knife clay, 2 to 4 percent of ball clay, 16 to 20 percent of potassium feldspar, 16 to 20 percent of albite, 6 to 10 percent of nepheline, 3 to 6 percent of wollastonite, 12 to 15 percent of quartz powder, 1 to 3 percent of alumina, 2 to 4 percent of zinc oxide, 4 to 8 percent of frit and 6 to 10 percent of zirconium silicate.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground coat glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate.
The preparation method of the simulated micro cement ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
step one: pressing the green body and drying to obtain a green body;
step two: spraying a base glaze layer glaze on the green body, wherein the spraying glaze amount is 400-530 g/m 2 ；
Step three: ink-jet printing a texture color layer on the ground coat layer;
step four: spraying surface glaze material with the spraying amount of 260-330 g/m on the surface of the texture color layer 2 ；
Step five: firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃ and the firing time is 50-80 min;
step six: edging to obtain the finished product.
In the preparation method of the simulated micro cement ceramic tile, in the fourth step, the surface glaze layer glaze is sprayed by adopting high-pressure glaze spraying equipment, the aperture of a spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying equipment is 0.42-0.52 mm, and the pressure of the spray gun is 4-8 bar.
In the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, in the fourth step, the specific gravity of the surface glaze layer glaze is 1.35-1.50 g/mL.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which adopts a ground coat layer and a surface coat layer with special component proportions, and can lead the color development of a texture color layer to be pure through the combined action of the ground coat layer and the surface coat layer, thereby having a matte effect, smooth and fine handfeel, soft texture and vivid effect of micro-cement.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which is used for preparing the ceramic tile with the simulated micro-cement effect through the steps of pressing a green body, spraying ground glaze, printing a texture color layer, spraying surface glaze, sintering and edging. The overglaze is sprayed by adopting the spray gun, so that the overglaze is more uniform and the texture color layer effect is not affected; by adopting specific firing temperature, the color of the texture color layer can be pure, the texture of the glaze is fine and soft, and the effect of the ceramic tile micro-cement is more vivid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a physical diagram of a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile.
FIG. 3 is a physical diagram of a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile.
The drawings are marked: 1-a blank layer, 2-a ground coat layer, 3-a texture color layer and 4-a surface coat layer.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, which are used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and the invention is further described in detail in the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which comprises a green body layer 1, a ground glaze layer 2, a texture color layer 3 and a surface glaze layer 4 from bottom to top as shown in figure 1.
The primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and burning loss less than or equal to 3%. The ground coat layer has fine and soft texture, has the effect of micro cement, and contains ZrO in the components 2 The emulsion effect is good, the base color of the blank body can be covered, and the color development of the texture color layer is promoted.
The surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 The surface glaze layer has a matte effect, the glossiness of the brick surface is 3-8, the texture is fine and smooth, and the effect of micro cement is achieved. Meanwhile, the surface glaze layer has better light transmittance, so that the texture color layer can be better presented, and on the one hand, the surface glaze layer is arranged on the texture color layer, can protect the texture color layer from abrasion and is durable, on the other hand, the surface glaze layer can prevent ink from being influenced by firing environment in the firing process, improves the color development capability of the ink, ensures that the color development of the ink is purer, particularly red and yellow, makes up the defect of the ground glaze layer, and on the other hand, the surface glaze layer and the ground glaze layer are jointly usedThe texture color layer is fine and soft in texture and has the micro-cement effect of bottom accumulation.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground coat is prepared from ground coat glaze, wherein the ground coat glaze consists of 92-96% of raw materials and 4-8% of frit with good high-temperature fluidity by mass percent.
Specifically, the chemical components of the frit comprise the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 7～12％、K 2 O 4～6％、Na 2 O 1～3％、CaO 7～12％、MgO 0.8～1.2％、ZnO 5～7％、BaO 13～15％、B 2 O 3 2～3％、ZrO 2 The clinker with the percentage of less than or equal to 0.3 percent and the percentage of other impurities and burning loss of less than or equal to 1 percent is prepared by calcining at a high temperature of 1500 ℃ and then water quenching. The frit has stable components, few bubbles and good chemical stability due to high-temperature calcination, and contains a large amount of K 2 O、Na 2 O、B 2 O 3 The high-temperature fluxing agent can reduce the melting temperature of the glaze, reduce the high-temperature viscosity of the high-temperature melt of the glaze and improve the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze. Since the raw material in the under-glaze is a soft glaze raw material and is not calcined, gas is generated during high-temperature sintering, and defects are likely to be formed. In contrast, the invention can move and combine bubbles to form large bubbles during sintering by adding the frit with good high-temperature fluidity and low high-temperature viscosity into the raw material, and then the large bubbles rise and burst, so that the defect that small bubbles remain in the frit can be avoided, the surface of the ground coat layer is smoother and finer, and the ground coat layer has better micro-cement texture.
Specifically, in the ground glaze layer glaze, the raw materials are soft glaze materials, including potassium feldspar, albite, alumina powder, calcined kaolin, nepheline, wollastonite, air knife soil, quartz powder, zinc oxide and zirconium silicate, and the raw materials and the frit can form a glaze surface with a micro-cement effect through firing, and the texture is fine and soft.
More specifically, in the raw material, the potassium feldspar and the albite can be introduced into fluxing agents potassium oxide and sodium oxide, and silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide; the calcined kaolin may incorporate alumina and silica; the nepheline is carbonate-aluminosilicate containing sodium and calcium, and the addition of the nepheline can make the glaze texture richer, finer and softer; the wollastonite can be used as a fluxing agent, so that the whiteness and strength of a ground coat layer are improved, the firing temperature is reduced, the firing range is enlarged, the pinholes of the glaze are reduced, the glaze is finer and finer, and the micro-cement texture of the glaze is improved; the zinc oxide is a strong fluxing agent, can widen the firing temperature range of the primer layer, is favorable for color development of ink, is especially favorable for color development of red, and has better color development performance when the zinc oxide content is 2-4 percent; the air knife soil can improve the suspension property and the dispersion property of the glaze paddle, and as potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcined kaolin, nepheline, wollastonite and quartz are all ridge materials, the suspension property of the glaze paddle is poor, a precipitation phenomenon is easy to occur, the glaze paddle is uneven, the quality of a ground glaze layer is influenced, and the air knife soil is added to improve the dispersion property, suspension property and fluidity of each component in the glaze paddle, so that the slurry components are uniform and stable, and the product quality is further improved; the quartz powder can be introduced into silicon dioxide, so that the content of the silicon dioxide is improved; the zirconium silicate is an opacifier, so that the opacifying effect of the primer layer can be improved, the capability of the primer layer for covering the green body color is enhanced, and the color of the texture color layer is less interfered.
In a preferred embodiment, in the primer layer glaze, the addition amount of the potassium feldspar is 16-20%, the addition amount of the albite is 16-20%, the addition amount of the alumina is 1-3%, and the addition amount of the calcined kaolin is 9-13%, so that the color development performance, the melting temperature and other physical and chemical properties of the primer layer can be optimized. This is because, although the potassium feldspar, the albite and the alumina powder can be introduced into the alumina, the potassium feldspar and the albite contain potassium oxide and sodium oxide, and the potassium oxide and the sodium oxide are fluxing agents, so that the content of the potassium oxide and the sodium oxide in the glaze of the ground coat layer cannot be too high, the melting temperature of the glaze is too high to be too low, the glaze of the ground coat layer is fused into the ground coat layer, the brick surface is too smooth, the phenomenon of reflecting and brightening is formed, and the soft light effect of the micro cement cannot be obtained. However, the alumina powder can greatly affect the color development of the texture color layer ink, especially red, and can cause the color development to be abnormal, although the content of alumina in the ground coat glaze can be improved by directly adding the alumina powder. In this regard, the content of the alumina in the raw material is improved by reducing the contents of the potassium feldspar, the albite and the alumina powder and adding the calcined kaolin, and the method has the characteristics of good color development performance and moderate melting temperature. In addition, since the calcined kaolin is kaolin calcined at a high temperature, the content of bound water is reduced, and the contents of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide are increased, so that the active points can be increased, and meanwhile, the structure of the kaolin is changed through calcination, so that the particle size is smaller and uniform, and the dispersibility in a glaze oar is better. Therefore, the invention obtains the ground glaze layer glaze with good color development performance and wider melting temperature by adjusting the proportion of the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the calcined kaolin and the alumina powder.
In another preferred embodiment, the ground coat glaze also comprises ball clay, and the ball clay can also improve the dispersibility and suspension property of the ridge material, so that the dispersing of each component in the glaze paddle is more uniform, and the performance is more stable.
As a more preferable implementation mode, in the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground glaze layer glaze comprises 9-13% of calcined kaolin, 4-6% of air knife soil, 2-4% of ball soil, 16-20% of potassium feldspar, 16-20% of albite, 6-10% of nepheline, 3-6% of wollastonite, 12-15% of quartz powder, 1-3% of alumina, 2-4% of zinc oxide, 4-8% of frit and 6-10% of zirconium silicate according to mass percentage, and has the characteristics of fine glaze texture, soft sensitization and pure color development.
As a preferred embodiment, in the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the primer layer glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate. The ground coat prepared from the glaze is finer in texture and more vivid in effect of the micro cement.
According to the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, under the combined action of the ground coat layer and the surface coat layer, the color development of the texture color layer is purer, the apparent effect of the tile surface presents fine and soft texture, and the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile has a vivid micro-cement effect.
The application also discloses a preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
step one: pressing the green body and drying to obtain a green body. Specifically, the green body is formed by pressing a ceramic brick press, and then the green body is dried in a drying kiln at 180-250 ℃ for 50-70 min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.5-0.8%.
Step two: spraying a base coat glaze on the green body by adopting a bell jar, wherein the Rayleigh viscosity of the base coat glaze is 32-38 s, and the spraying glaze amount is 400-530 g/m 2 . The glaze is sprayed by a bell jar, so that the glaze surface is smoother and finer; by setting the specific glaze spraying amount, the thickness of the primer layer can shade the color of the blank, and meanwhile, the primer layer has better primer deposit; the Rayleigh viscosity of the glaze material of the ground coat is adjusted, so that the fluidity is good, the glaze material is uniform, and the precipitation phenomenon can not occur.
Step three: printing a texture color layer on the base glaze layer by adopting an ink-jet printer in an ink-jet way, wherein the ink quantity of the color ink is 0.5-10 ml/m 2 . The ink quantity of the color ink can influence the coloring effect, different colors adopt different ink quantities, and the color ink can be specifically adjusted according to actual needs so as to facilitate pure color development.
Step four: spraying surface glaze material with the spraying amount of 260-330 g/m on the surface of the texture color layer 2 . The glaze spraying amount of the surface glaze layer is smaller than the glaze spraying amount of the ground glaze layer, and the surface glaze layer is sprayed by adopting glaze spraying equipment, so that the surface glaze is thin and uniform, the texture color layer cannot be impacted, and the patterns of the texture color layer cannot be deformed.
Step five: and (3) delivering the green body sprayed with the surface glaze into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1190-1230 ℃, and the firing time is 50-80 min. The firing temperature and the firing time are key factors influencing the apparent effect of the glaze, and the invention can obtain the imitation micro-cement ceramic tile with pure color development, smooth surface and fine and soft texture by adjusting the components of the ground coat layer, having wider firing temperature and firing for 50-80 min at 1190-1230 ℃.
Step six: edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
In the fourth step, the glaze of the overglaze layer is sprayed by high-pressure glaze spraying equipment, the spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying equipment is provided with 3 to 6 spray core holes, the aperture of the spray core holes is 0.42 to 0.52mm, the pressure of the spray gun is set to be 4 to 8bar during glaze spraying, and the overglaze spraying equipment has the effects of small glaze slurry particles and uniform glaze spraying.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the specific gravity of the surface glaze layer is 1.35-1.50 g/mL, and finer glaze particles can be formed under the action of the spray gun by adjusting the specific gravity of the surface glaze layer, so that the surface glaze layer can be sprayed in the texture color layer more uniformly, the surface of the ceramic tile is smoother, and the influence on the texture color layer is smaller.
According to the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze material of the ground coat is sprayed by adopting a bell jar glaze spraying mode, so that the smoothness of the glaze surface is higher, and the texture after firing is finer; the overglaze is sprayed by adopting the spray gun, so that the overglaze is more uniform and the texture color layer effect is not affected; by adopting specific firing temperature, the color of the texture color layer can be pure, the texture of the glaze is fine and soft, and the effect of micro cement is achieved.
In order to further illustrate the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the following examples are provided.
Example 1
The ceramic tile comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 61％、Al 2 O 3 18％、K 2 O 2.5％、Na 2 O 3.5％、CaO 4％、MgO 0.2％、ZnO 4％、BaO 0.8％、ZrO 2 5% and 1% of burning loss.
The chemical components of the overglaze layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass：SiO 2 49％、Al 2 O 3 19％、K 2 O 1％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 13％、MgO 2.5％、ZnO 5％、BaO 5％、ZrO 2 0.1% and 2.4% of burning loss.
The surface glaze layer is prepared from a ground glaze layer glaze material, wherein the ground glaze layer glaze material comprises 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate according to mass percentage.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 50.34％、Al 2 O 3 10.16％、K 2 O 4.52％、Na 2 O 1.26％、CaO 9.86％、MgO 0.93％、ZnO 5.56％、BaO 14.29％、B 2 O 3 2.44％、ZrO 2 0.23%, other impurities and 0.41% burn off.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
step one: pressing the green body, and drying the green body in a drying furnace at 220 ℃ for 60min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.6%.
Step two: spraying a base glaze layer glaze on the blank body in a bell jar glaze spraying mode, wherein the Rayleigh viscosity of the base glaze layer glaze is 35s, and the glaze spraying amount is 500g/m 2 。
Step three: printing a texture color layer on the base glaze layer by adopting an ink-jet printer in an ink quantity of 6ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying an overglaze layer glaze on the surface of the texture color layer through glaze spraying equipment, wherein the standard screen residue of the overglaze layer glaze passing through a 325-target screen is 0.8g/100mL, the specific gravity of the overglaze layer glaze is 1.40g/mL, the spray gun pressure is 6bar, and the glaze spraying amount is 300g/m 2 。
Step five: and (3) delivering the green body sprayed with the surface glaze into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1200 ℃ and the firing time is 56min.
Step six: edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The ceramic tile comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 59％、Al 2 O 3 20％、K 2 O 3％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 3％、MgO 0.5％、ZnO 5％、BaO 1％、ZrO 2 4% and 1.5% of burning loss.
The surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48％、Al 2 O 3 20％、K 2 O 0.5％、Na 2 O 4％、CaO 12％、MgO 3％、ZnO 4％、BaO 6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and the burning loss is less than or equal to 2.4 percent.
The surface glaze layer is prepared from a ground glaze layer glaze material, wherein the ground glaze layer glaze material comprises, by mass, 13% of calcined kaolin, 6% of air knife soil, 2% of ball clay, 20% of potassium feldspar, 16% of albite, 10% of nepheline, 3% of wollastonite, 15% of quartz powder, 1% of alumina, 4% of zinc oxide, 4% of frit and 6% of zirconium silicate.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48％、Al 2 O 3 12％、K 2 O 4％、Na 2 O 1％、CaO 12％、MgO 1.2％、ZnO 5％、BaO 13％、B 2 O 3 3％、ZrO 2 0.3%, other impurities and 0.5% burn off.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
step one: pressing the green body, and drying the green body in a drying furnace at 180 ℃ for 70min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.5%.
Step two: spraying a base glaze layer glaze on the blank body in a bell jar glaze spraying mode, wherein the Rayleigh viscosity of the base glaze layer glaze is 32s, and the glaze spraying amount is 530g/m 2 。
Step three: printing a texture color layer on the base glaze layer by adopting an ink-jet printer in an ink quantity of 0.5ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying on the surface of the texture color layer through glaze spraying equipmentAn overglaze layer glaze, the spraying glaze amount of the overglaze layer glaze is 330g/m 2 The specific gravity of the overglaze glaze is 1.35g/mL, and the spray gun pressure is 4bar.
Step five: and (3) delivering the green body sprayed with the overglaze into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1190 ℃ and the firing time is 80min.
Step six: edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The ceramic tile comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 63％、Al 2 O 3 17％、K 2 O 2％、Na 2 O 4％、CaO 3％、ZnO 3％、BaO 0.5％、ZrO 2 6% and 1.5% of burning loss.
The surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 50％、Al 2 O 3 19％、K 2 O 1.5％、Na 2 O 2％、CaO 14％、MgO 2％、ZnO 6％、BaO 4％、ZrO 2 0.05% and 1.45% burn.
The surface glaze layer is prepared from a ground glaze layer glaze material, wherein the ground glaze layer glaze material comprises 9% of calcined kaolin, 4% of air knife soil, 4% of ball clay, 16% of potassium feldspar, 20% of albite, 6% of nepheline, 6% of wollastonite, 12% of quartz powder, 3% of alumina, 2% of zinc oxide, 8% of frit and 10% of zirconium silicate according to mass percentage.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 51％、Al 2 O 3 7％、K 2 O 6％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 7％、MgO 0.8％、ZnO 7％、BaO 15％、B 2 O 3 2％、ZrO 2 0.2%, other impurities and 1% burn off.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
step one: pressing the green body, and drying the green body in a drying furnace at the temperature of 250 ℃ for 50min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.8%.
Step two: spraying a base glaze layer glaze on the blank body in a bell jar glaze spraying mode, wherein the Rayleigh viscosity of the base glaze layer glaze is 38s, and the glaze spraying amount is 400g/m 2 。
Step three: printing a texture color layer on the base glaze layer by adopting an ink-jet printer in an ink quantity of 10ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying surface glaze material with the spraying amount of 260g/m on the surface of the texture color layer through a glaze spraying device 2 The specific gravity of the overglaze glaze is 1.50g/mL, and the spray gun pressure is 8bar.
Step five: and (3) delivering the green body sprayed with the overglaze into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1210 ℃, and the firing time is 50min.
Step six: edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 1
The layered structure and the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the composition of the overglaze layer, the texture color layer and the green body layer are the same as those of the embodiment 1, except that the underglaze layer is different from the embodiment 1. Specifically, the ground coat layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate.
Comparative example 2
The layered structure and the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the composition of the overglaze layer, the texture color layer and the green body layer are the same as those of the embodiment 1, except that the underglaze layer is different from the embodiment 1. Specifically, the ground coat layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of calcined kaolin, 6% of air knife soil, 21% of potassium feldspar, 18.5% of albite, 8.5% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 5% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide and 8% of zirconium silicate.
Comparative example 3
Simulation micro waterThe mud ceramic tile has the same layered structure and preparation method as those of the embodiment 1, and the composition of the ground glaze layer, the texture color layer and the green body layer are the same as those of the embodiment 1, except that the surface glaze layer is different from the embodiment 1. Specifically, the chemical components of the overglaze layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 53％、Al 2 O 3 25％、K 2 O 2％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 10％、MgO 1％、ZnO 2％、BaO 2％、ZrO 2 0.5% and 1.5% of burning loss.
Comparative example 4
The layered structure of the ceramic tile and the component proportion of each layered structure are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the preparation method is basically the same as that in the embodiment 1, except that in the fourth step, the overglaze is sprayed by adopting a bell jar to coat the glaze, and the glaze spraying amount is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Performance comparison
The properties of the glaze, the gloss of the tile surface, the texture of the tile surface and the color development of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were compared, and the specific cases are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance alignment Table
Figure BDA0003713281290000131
As can be seen from Table 1, the primer layer and the overglaze layer of the embodiments 1-3 with special component proportions can ensure that the glaze oar has better performance, good dispersibility, difficult precipitation, smooth and even glaze surface after glaze spraying, smooth and fine brick surface after firing, soft texture, pure color and micro-cement effect.
In contrast, in comparative example 1, since the primer layer is made of kaolin instead of calcined kaolin, pores are easily generated, so that the hand feel is not fine enough, and the alumina content is low, so that the color development is deep. In comparative example 2, however, since no frit was added to the under-glaze layer, pores were generated in the raw material at the time of firing, and the melting temperature was high, and the over-glaze layer was flowed to the under-glaze layer, and at the same time, since no ball clay was added, the dispersibility was insufficient, resulting in a rough texture, and since the alumina content was high, the color development was light. In contrast, in comparative example 3, the primer layer was the same as in example 1, but the surface was bright, no matte effect, and no micro-cement texture was obtained due to the different chemical composition of the primer layer. In comparative example 4, since the bell jar was used to coat the glaze in the fourth step, the texture of the impact pattern layer was not uniformly distributed with respect to the texture of the impact pattern layer during the glaze coating, and the pattern was deformed.
In conclusion, the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile provided by the invention has the advantages that the ground glaze layer and the surface glaze layer with special chemical components and a special preparation process are adopted, so that the color development of the texture color layer is pure, the matte effect is achieved, the hand feeling is smooth and fine, the texture is soft, and the effect of micro-cement is achieved.
It will be understood that equivalents and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the present invention and their spirit, and all such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (6)

1. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is characterized by sequentially comprising a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top; the glossiness of the brick surface of the ceramic brick is 3-8 ℃; the primer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 59～63%、Al 2 O 3 17～20%、K 2 O 2～3%、Na 2 O 3～4%、CaO 3～5%、MgO 0～0.5%、ZnO 3～5%、BaO 0.5～1%、ZrO 2 4-6% and burning loss less than or equal to 3%; the surface glaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 48～50%、Al 2 O 3 19～20%、K 2 O 0.5～1.5%、Na 2 O 2～4%、CaO 12～14%、MgO 2～3%、ZnO 4～6%、BaO 4～6%、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and the burning loss is less than or equal to 4 percent; the ground coat layer is prepared from ground coat layer glaze, and the ground coat layer glaze comprises 9-13% of calcined kaolin, 4-6% of air knife soil, 2-4% of ball soil, 16-20% of potassium feldspar, 16-20% of albite, 6-10% of nepheline, 3-6% of wollastonite, 12-15% of quartz powder and 1% of alumina by mass percent3 percent, 2 to 4 percent of zinc oxide, 4 to 8 percent of frit and 6 to 10 percent of zirconium silicate.
2. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the frit comprises, in mass percent: siO (SiO) 2 48～51%、Al 2 O 3 7～12%、K 2 O 4～6%、Na 2 O 1～3%、CaO 7～12%、MgO 0.8～1.2%、ZnO 5～7%、BaO 13～15%、B 2 O 3 2～3%、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.3 percent, other impurities and burning loss less than or equal to 1 percent.
3. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile of claim 1, wherein the primer layer glaze comprises, in mass percent: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of alumina, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate.
4. A method of producing a simulated micro cement ceramic tile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, said method comprising the steps of:
step one: pressing the green body and drying to obtain a green body;
step two: spraying a base glaze layer glaze on the green body, wherein the spraying glaze amount is 400-530 g/m 2 ；
Step three: ink-jet printing a texture color layer on the ground coat layer;
step four: spraying surface glaze material with the spraying amount of 260-330 g/m on the surface of the texture color layer 2 ；
Step five: firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1190-1210 ℃ and the firing time is 50-80 min;
step six: edging to obtain the finished product.
5. The method for producing simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, the glaze of the surface glaze layer is sprayed by a high-pressure glaze spraying device, the aperture of a spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying device is 0.42-0.52 mm, and the pressure of the spray gun is 4-8 bar.
6. The method for producing a simulated micro cement ceramic tile as claimed in claim 4, wherein in said step four, the specific gravity of said overglaze layer glaze is 1.35-1.50 g/mL.
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