CN115180982A - Simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115180982A CN115180982A CN202210726091.1A CN202210726091A CN115180982A CN 115180982 A CN115180982 A CN 115180982A CN 202210726091 A CN202210726091 A CN 202210726091A CN 115180982 A CN115180982 A CN 115180982A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ceramic tile sequentially comprises a blank layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top; the ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 3%; the overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 4 percent of scorching. According to the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground glaze layer and the surface glaze layer with special chemical components and a special preparation process are adopted, so that the texture color layer is pure in color development, has a matte effect, is smooth and fine in hand feeling and soft in texture, and has the effect of micro-cement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The texture of the tile is an important factor influencing the visual effect of the tile and is an important visual design element. The tiles with different textures give different visual feelings to consumers, such as the tiles with marble patterns, wood grains, cloth patterns, metal-like patterns, terrazzo-like patterns, cement-like patterns and the like, have different textures. The cement-like ceramic tile has a matte effect and fine texture due to the characteristic of simulating micro cement, and is popular with consumers. However, the texture of the existing cement-like ceramic tile is still different from that of real micro-cement, and the existing cement-like ceramic tile has the defects of being not fine and smooth enough, not ideal in simulation effect and not pure in color development.
It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and aims to overcome the defects that the ceramic tile with the texture similar to micro-cement is not fine enough and has poor color development in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile comprises a blank layer and a ground glaze from bottom to top in sequenceA layer, a texture color layer and a cover glaze layer; the ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 3%; the overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 4 percent of scorching.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground coat is prepared from ground coat glaze, and the ground coat glaze consists of 92-96% of raw materials and 4-8% of fusion cakes in percentage by mass.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the chemical components of the frit comprise, by mass: siO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 7～12％、K 2 O 4～6％、Na 2 O 1～3％、CaO 7～12％、MgO 0.8～1.2％、ZnO 5～7％、BaO 13～15％、B 2 O 3 2～3％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and less than or equal to 1 percent of other impurities and ignition loss.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the raw materials comprise potassium feldspar, albite, calcined kaolin, alumina powder, nepheline, wollastonite, air knife soil, quartz powder, zinc oxide and zirconium silicate.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the raw material also comprises ball clay.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze of the ground glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9 to 13 percent of calcined kaolin, 4 to 6 percent of air knife soil, 2 to 4 percent of ball clay, 16 to 20 percent of potassium feldspar, 16 to 20 percent of albite, 6 to 10 percent of nepheline, 3 to 6 percent of wollastonite, 12 to 15 percent of quartz powder, 1 to 3 percent of alumina, 2 to 4 percent of zinc oxide, 4 to 8 percent of frit and 6 to 10 percent of zirconium silicate.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze of the ground glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of clinker and 8% of zirconium silicate.
The preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying to obtain a green body;
step two: pouring the glaze of the ground glaze layer on the green body, wherein the glaze pouring amount is 400-530 g/m 2 ；
Step three: ink-jet printing a texture color layer on the ground coat layer;
step four: spraying a glaze layer glaze material on the surface of the texture color layer, wherein the spraying amount of the glaze layer glaze material is 260-330 g/m 2 ；
Step five: sintering at 1190-1210 deg.c for 50-80 min;
step six: and (5) edging to obtain a finished product.
In the fourth step, a high-pressure glaze spraying device is adopted to spray the overglaze layer glaze, the aperture of a spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying device is 0.42-0.52 mm, and the pressure of the spray gun is 4-8 bar.
In the fourth step of the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the specific gravity of the glaze of the overglaze layer is 1.35-1.50 g/mL.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which adopts a ground glaze layer and a surface glaze layer with special component proportion, and can ensure that the color development of a texture color layer is pure, the ceramic tile has a matte effect, smooth and fine hand feeling, soft texture and the vivid effect of micro-cement through the combined action of the ground glaze layer and the surface glaze layer.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which comprises the steps of pressing a green body, pouring a ground glaze, printing a texture color layer, spraying a surface glaze, firing and edging to prepare the ceramic tile with the simulated micro-cement effect. Wherein, the overglaze is sprayed by a spray gun, so that the overglaze is more uniform without influencing the effect of the texture color layer; by adopting the specific firing temperature, the texture color layer has pure color development, the texture of the glaze surface is fine and soft, and the micro-cement effect of the ceramic tile is more vivid.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a first entity diagram of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile.
Fig. 3 is a first entity diagram of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile.
The figures are numbered: 1-body layer, 2-ground coat layer, 3-texture color layer and 4-surface coat layer.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile which comprises a blank layer 1, a ground glaze layer 2, a texture color layer 3 and a surface glaze layer 4 from bottom to top in sequence as shown in figure 1.
The ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 3%. The ground coat layer has fine and soft texture and micro-cement effect, and contains ZrO due to the component 2 The emulsion has good emulsion effect, can cover the base color of the blank and promote the color development of the texture color layer.
The overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 ≤0.1％The burning loss is less than or equal to 4 percent, the surface glaze layer has a matte effect, can ensure that the glossiness of the brick surface is between 3 and 8, has fine and smooth texture and has the effect of micro cement. Simultaneously, the overglaze layer has better light transmissivity again, enables the texture color layer to present better to, because on the overglaze layer locates the texture color layer, can protect the texture color layer on the one hand and avoid wearing and tearing, durable, on the other hand, the overglaze layer can avoid the ink to receive the influence of firing the environment at the in-process of firing, improves the look development ability of ink, makes the ink look more pure, especially red and yellow, compensaties the not enough of under glaze layer, on the other hand again, the overglaze layer and under glaze layer combined action make the texture color layer demonstrate fine and smooth, have the little cement effect of under glaze.
In the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the ground glaze layer is prepared from a ground glaze layer glaze material, and the ground glaze layer glaze material consists of 92-96% of raw materials and 4-8% of frits with good high-temperature fluidity in percentage by mass.
Specifically, the frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 7～12％、K 2 O 4～6％、Na 2 O 1～3％、CaO 7～12％、MgO 0.8～1.2％、ZnO 5～7％、BaO 13～15％、B 2 O 3 2～3％、ZrO 2 The clinker is calcined at the high temperature of 1500 ℃ and is obtained by water quenching, wherein the clinker is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, other impurities and ignition are less than or equal to 1 percent. The frit has stable components, less bubbles and good chemical stability due to high-temperature calcination, and contains a large amount of K 2 O、Na 2 O、B 2 O 3 The high-temperature fluxing agent can reduce the melting temperature of the glaze, reduce the high-temperature viscosity of the high-temperature melt of the glaze and improve the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze. Because the raw material of the glaze of the ground glaze layer is soft glaze raw material and is not calcined, gas is generated during high-temperature sintering, and defects are easily formed. In contrast, the frit with good high-temperature fluidity and low high-temperature viscosity is added into the raw material, so that the bubbles can move and merge during sintering to form large bubbles, and then rise and explode, thereby avoiding small bubbles from remaining in the glazeDefects are formed in the material, so that the surface of the ground coat layer is smoother and finer, and the ground coat layer has better micro-cement texture.
Specifically, in the glaze of the bottom glaze layer, the raw materials are soft glaze raw materials, and comprise potassium feldspar, albite, alumina powder, calcined kaolin, nepheline, wollastonite, air knife soil, quartz powder, zinc oxide and zirconium silicate, and the raw materials and the frits can be fired to form a glaze surface with a micro-cement effect, and the glaze surface is fine and soft in texture.
More specifically, in the raw material, the potassium feldspar and the albite can be introduced with fluxing agents of potassium oxide and sodium oxide, as well as silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide; the calcined kaolin can incorporate alumina and silica; the nepheline is carbonate-aluminosilicate containing sodium and calcium, and the texture of the glaze surface can be richer, more exquisite and softer by adding the nepheline; the wollastonite can be used as a fluxing agent, so that the whiteness and the strength of a ground glaze layer are improved, the firing temperature is reduced, the firing range is expanded, the pinholes of a glaze surface are reduced, the glaze surface is more delicate, and the micro-cement texture of the glaze surface is improved; the zinc oxide is a strong fluxing agent, can widen the firing temperature range of the ground coat, is beneficial to color development of ink, is especially beneficial to color development of red, and preferably has better color development performance when the content of the zinc oxide is 2-4 percent; the air knife soil can improve the suspension property and the dispersibility of the glaze slurry, and as potassium feldspar, albite, calcined kaolin, nepheline, wollastonite and quartz are ridge materials, the glaze slurry has poor suspension property, is easy to precipitate, is uneven and influences the quality of a ground glaze layer; silicon dioxide can be introduced into the quartz powder, so that the content of the silicon dioxide is increased; the zirconium silicate is an opacifier, can improve the opacification effect of the ground coat, enhances the capability of the ground coat for covering the color of the blank body, and causes less interference on the color of the texture color layer.
In a preferred embodiment, the underglaze layer glaze has an amount of potassium feldspar of 16% to 20%, an amount of albite of 16% to 20%, an amount of alumina of 1% to 3%, and an amount of calcined kaolin of 9% to 13%, and optimizes physicochemical properties such as coloring property and melting temperature of the underglaze layer glaze. Although alumina can be introduced into the potassium feldspar, the albite and the alumina powder, the potassium feldspar and the albite contain potassium oxide and sodium oxide which are fluxing agents, the content of the potassium oxide and the sodium oxide in the glaze of the ground glaze layer cannot be too high, the melting temperature of the glaze is too low easily caused by too high content, the glaze of the surface glaze layer is fused into the ground glaze layer, the brick surface is too smooth, the phenomenon of light reflection and brightening is formed, and the light softening effect of the micro cement cannot be obtained. The addition of the alumina powder directly can increase the content of the alumina in the glaze of the ground coat layer, but the alumina powder has great influence on the color development of the ink of the texture color layer, particularly the red color, so that the color development is not correct. In contrast, the content of the aluminum oxide in the raw material is improved by reducing the content of the potassium feldspar, the albite and the aluminum oxide powder and adding the calcined kaolin, and the method has the characteristics of good color development performance and moderate melting temperature. And because the calcined kaolin is the kaolin calcined at high temperature, compared with the uncalcined kaolin, the calcined kaolin has the advantages that the content of bound water is reduced, the content of silicon dioxide and aluminum trioxide is increased, the active sites can be increased, meanwhile, the structure of the kaolin is changed through calcination, the particle size is smaller and uniform, and the dispersibility in the glaze slip is better. Therefore, the ground glaze layer glaze material with good color property and wider melting temperature is obtained by adjusting the proportion of the potassium feldspar, the albite, the calcined kaolin and the alumina powder.
In another preferred embodiment, the glaze of the ground coat layer further comprises ball clay, and the ball clay can also improve the dispersibility and suspensibility of the ridge material, so that the components in the glaze slurry are dispersed more uniformly and have more stable performance.
As a more preferable embodiment, in the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze of the ground coat layer comprises, by mass, 9 to 13% of calcined kaolin, 4 to 6% of air knife soil, 2 to 4% of ball clay, 16 to 20% of potassium feldspar, 16 to 20% of albite, 6 to 10% of nepheline, 3 to 6% of wollastonite, 12 to 15% of quartz powder, 1 to 3% of aluminum oxide, 2 to 4% of zinc oxide, 4 to 8% of frit and 6 to 10% of zirconium silicate, and has the characteristics of fine and smooth texture of the glaze surface, soft light sensation and pure color development.
As a preferred embodiment, in the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze of the ground coat comprises, in mass percent: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of clinker and 8% of zirconium silicate. The ground coat layer prepared from the glaze material has more delicate texture and more vivid effect of light cement.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile has the advantages that the color development of the texture color layer is purer through the combined action of the ground glaze layer and the surface glaze layer, the apparent effect of the surface of the tile presents delicate and soft texture, and the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile has a vivid micro-cement effect.
The application also discloses a preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying to obtain the green body. Specifically, the green body is pressed by a ceramic brick press and then enters a drying kiln for drying at the drying temperature of 180-250 ℃ for 50-70 min, and the moisture of the dried green body is 0.5-0.8%.
Step two: spraying a glaze of a ground coat on the blank by adopting bell jar spraying glaze, wherein the Leeb viscosity of the glaze of the ground coat is 32-38 s, and the spraying glaze amount is 400-530 g/m 2 . The glaze surface can be more smooth and fine by adopting the bell jar to spray the glaze; by setting the specific glaze spraying amount, the thickness of the ground glaze layer can shield the color of the blank body, and meanwhile, the ground glaze layer has better ground effect; the Rayleigh viscosity of the glaze of the bottom glaze layer is adjusted, so that the fluidity of the glaze is good, the glaze is uniform, and the precipitation phenomenon cannot occur.
Step three: ink-jet printing the texture color layer on the ground coat layer by an ink-jet printer, wherein the ink amount of the color ink is 0.5-10 ml/m 2 . The ink amount of the color ink can influence the coloring effect, different colors adopt different ink amounts, and the ink amount can be specifically adjusted according to actual needs so as to facilitate the pure color development.
Step four: in the texture color layerSpraying overglaze layer glaze on the surface, wherein the glaze spraying amount of the overglaze layer glaze is 260-330 g/m 2 . The glaze spraying amount of the glaze of the overglaze layer is less than the glaze spraying amount of the glaze of the ground glaze layer, and the overglaze layer is sprayed by adopting glaze spraying equipment, so that the overglaze surface is thin and uniform, the texture color layer cannot be impacted, and the pattern of the texture color layer cannot be deformed.
Step five: and (3) firing the blank body sprayed with the overglaze in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1190-1230 ℃ for 50-80 min. The firing temperature and the firing time are key factors influencing the apparent effect of the glaze, and the invention has wider firing temperature by adjusting the components of the ground coat, and can obtain the micro-cement imitation ceramic tile with pure color development, smooth surface and fine and soft texture by firing at 1190-1230 ℃ for 50-80 min.
Step six: and edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
As a preferable embodiment, in the fourth step, a high-pressure glaze spraying device is used for spraying the overglaze glaze layer glaze material, a spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying device is provided with 3-6 core spraying holes, the aperture of each core spraying hole is 0.42-0.52 mm, and the pressure of the spray gun is set to be 4-8 bar during glaze spraying, so that the effects of small glaze slurry particles and uniform glaze material spraying are achieved.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the specific gravity of the glaze of the surface glaze layer is 1.35-1.50 g/mL, and by adjusting the specific gravity of the glaze of the surface glaze layer, under the action of the spray gun, finer glaze particles can be formed, so that the glaze can be uniformly sprayed in the texture color layer, the surface of the ceramic tile is smoother, and the influence on the texture color layer is smaller.
According to the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile, the glaze of the bottom glaze layer is sprayed in a bell jar glaze spraying manner, so that the glaze is higher in flatness, and the texture is more exquisite after firing; the spray gun is adopted to spray the overglaze, so that the overglaze is more uniform, and the effect of the texture color layer is not influenced; by adopting the specific firing temperature, the texture color layer can be pure in color development, the texture of the glaze surface is fine and soft, and the effect of micro cement is achieved.
To further illustrate the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention, the following examples are provided.
Example 1
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile sequentially comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 61％、Al 2 O 3 18％、K 2 O 2.5％、Na 2 O 3.5％、CaO 4％、MgO 0.2％、ZnO 4％、BaO 0.8％、ZrO 2 5% and 1% reduced by ignition.
The overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 49％、Al 2 O 3 19％、K 2 O 1％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 13％、MgO 2.5％、ZnO 5％、BaO 5％、ZrO 2 0.1% and 2.4% of burn.
The overglaze layer is prepared from a base glaze layer glaze material, wherein the base glaze layer glaze material comprises, by mass, 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air-knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 50.34％、Al 2 O 3 10.16％、K 2 O 4.52％、Na 2 O 1.26％、CaO 9.86％、MgO 0.93％、ZnO 5.56％、BaO 14.29％、B 2 O 3 2.44％、ZrO 2 0.23 percent, and 0.41 percent of other impurities and ignition loss.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying the green body in a drying furnace at the temperature of 220 ℃ for 60min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.6%.
Step two: spraying a glaze of the ground coat on the blank body by adopting a bell jar glaze spraying mode, wherein the Leeb viscosity of the glaze of the ground coat is 35s, and the glaze spraying amount is 500g/m 2 。
Step three: ink-jet printing of a textured or colored layer, color ink, on the ground glaze layer using an ink-jet printerThe amount of ink was 6ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying overglaze layer glaze on the surface of the texture color layer by glaze spraying equipment, wherein the standard screening residue of the overglaze layer glaze passing 325 meshes is 0.8g/100mL, the specific gravity of the overglaze layer glaze is 1.40g/mL, the pressure of a spray gun is 6bar, the glaze spraying amount is 300g/m 2 。
Step five: and (4) firing the blank body sprayed with the overglaze in a kiln at 1200 ℃ for 56min.
Step six: and edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile sequentially comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 59％、Al 2 O 3 20％、K 2 O 3％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 3％、MgO 0.5％、ZnO 5％、BaO 1％、ZrO 2 4% and 1.5% reduced by ignition.
The overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48％、Al 2 O 3 20％、K 2 O 0.5％、Na 2 O 4％、CaO 12％、MgO 3％、ZnO 4％、BaO 6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 2.4 percent of scorching.
The overglaze layer is prepared from a base glaze layer glaze material, wherein the base glaze layer glaze material comprises, by mass, 13% of calcined kaolin, 6% of air-knife soil, 2% of ball clay, 20% of potassium feldspar, 16% of albite, 10% of nepheline, 3% of wollastonite, 15% of quartz powder, 1% of aluminum oxide, 4% of zinc oxide, 4% of frit and 6% of zirconium silicate.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48％、Al 2 O 3 12％、K 2 O 4％、Na 2 O 1％、CaO 12％、MgO 1.2％、ZnO 5％、BaO 13％、B 2 O 3 3％、ZrO 2 0.3% and other impurities and 0.5% scorching.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying the green body in a drying furnace at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 70min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.5%.
Step two: pouring a glaze of the ground coat on the blank body by adopting a bell jar glaze pouring mode, wherein the Reye viscosity of the glaze of the ground coat is 32s, and the glaze pouring amount is 530g/m 2 。
Step three: ink-jet printing the texture color layer on the ground coat layer by an ink-jet printer, wherein the ink amount of the color ink is 0.5ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying overglaze layer glaze on the surface of the texture color layer by glaze spraying equipment, wherein the glaze spraying amount of the overglaze layer glaze is 330g/m 2 The specific gravity of the overglaze layer glaze is 1.35g/mL, and the pressure of a spray gun is 4bar.
Step five: and (4) firing the blank body sprayed with the overglaze in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1190 ℃ for 80min.
Step six: and edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile sequentially comprises a green body layer, a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top.
The ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 63％、Al 2 O 3 17％、K 2 O 2％、Na 2 O 4％、CaO 3％、ZnO 3％、BaO 0.5％、ZrO 2 6% and 1.5% reduced by ignition.
The overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 50％、Al 2 O 3 19％、K 2 O 1.5％、Na 2 O 2％、CaO 14％、MgO 2％、ZnO 6％、BaO 4％、ZrO 2 0.05% and 1.45% reduced by ignition.
The overglaze layer is prepared from a base glaze layer glaze material, wherein the base glaze layer glaze material comprises, by mass, 9% of calcined kaolin, 4% of air-knife soil, 4% of ball clay, 16% of potassium feldspar, 20% of albite, 6% of nepheline, 6% of wollastonite, 12% of quartz powder, 3% of aluminum oxide, 2% of zinc oxide, 8% of frit and 10% of zirconium silicate.
The frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 51％、Al 2 O 3 7％、K 2 O 6％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 7％、MgO 0.8％、ZnO 7％、BaO 15％、B 2 O 3 2％、ZrO 2 0.2%, other impurities and 1% of burn.
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying the green body in a drying furnace at the temperature of 250 ℃ for 50min, wherein the moisture of the dried green body is 0.8%.
Step two: pouring a glaze of the ground coat on the blank body by adopting a bell jar glaze pouring mode, wherein the Reye viscosity of the glaze of the ground coat is 38s, and the glaze pouring amount is 400g/m 2 。
Step three: ink-jet printing the texture color layer on the ground coat layer by an ink-jet printer, wherein the ink amount of the color ink is 10ml/m 2 。
Step four: spraying overglaze layer glaze on the surface of the texture color layer by glaze spraying equipment, wherein the glaze spraying amount of the overglaze layer glaze is 260g/m 2 The specific gravity of the overglaze layer glaze is 1.50g/mL, and the pressure of a spray gun is 8bar.
Step five: and (4) firing the blank body sprayed with the overglaze in a kiln at 1210 ℃ for 50min.
Step six: and edging the brick body to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 1
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile has the same layered structure and preparation method as those of the ceramic tile in example 1, and the compositions of a surface glaze layer, a texture color layer and a blank layer are the same as those of the ceramic tile in example 1, except that the ground glaze layer is different from that of the ceramic tile in example 1. Specifically, the ground glaze layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of frit and 8% of zirconium silicate.
Comparative example 2
The laminated structure and the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile are the same as those of the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1, and the compositions of a surface glaze layer, a texture color layer and a blank layer of the ceramic tile are the same as those of the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1, except that the ground glaze layer is different from the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1. Specifically, the ground glaze layer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of calcined kaolin, 6% of air knife soil, 21% of potassium feldspar, 18.5% of albite, 8.5% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 5% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide and 8% of zirconium silicate.
Comparative example 3
The laminated structure and the preparation method of the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile are the same as those of the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1, and the compositions of a ground glaze layer, a texture color layer and a blank layer are the same as those of the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1, except that the overglaze layer is different from the ceramic tile in the embodiment 1. Specifically, the overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 53％、Al 2 O 3 25％、K 2 O 2％、Na 2 O 3％、CaO 10％、MgO 1％、ZnO 2％、BaO 2％、ZrO 2 0.5% and 1.5% reduced by ignition.
Comparative example 4
The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is characterized in that the layered structure and the component ratio of each layered structure of the ceramic tile are the same as those in the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the ceramic tile is basically the same as that in the embodiment 1, in the fourth step, a bell jar glaze spraying mode is adopted for spraying surface glaze, and the glaze spraying amount is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Comparison of Performance
The glaze properties, the gloss of the tile surface, the texture of the tile surface and the color development of the tile surfaces of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were compared, and the specific conditions are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance comparison Table
As can be seen from Table 1, the glaze slurry has excellent performance, good dispersibility, difficult precipitation, flat and uniform glaze surface after glaze pouring, smooth and fine brick surface after firing, matte effect, soft texture, pure color development and micro-cement effect due to the adoption of the ground glaze layer and the surface glaze layer which are prepared from special components in proportion in the examples 1-3.
In contrast, in comparative example 1, since the ground coat layer was made of kaolin instead of calcined kaolin, pores were easily generated, so that the hand feeling was not fine enough, and the color was deep due to the low alumina content. In comparative example 2, since frit was not added to the glaze for the ground glaze, pores were generated in the green material during firing, and the melting temperature was high, and the glaze for the cover glaze flowed to the ground glaze, and since ball clay was not added, the dispersibility was insufficient, the texture was rough, and the color development was light due to the high content of alumina. In contrast, in comparative example 3, although the ground coat layer was the same as in example 1, the chemical composition of the overglaze layer was different, so that the surface was glossy, had no matte effect, and had no micro-cement texture. In comparative example 4, since bell jar glaze pouring is used in the fourth step, the patterns of the pattern layer are impacted during glaze pouring, and the phenomena of uneven pigment distribution and pattern deformation occur.
In conclusion, the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the base glaze layer and the surface glaze layer with special chemical components and a special preparation process are adopted, so that the texture color layer has pure color development, a matte effect, smooth and fine hand feeling, soft texture and a micro-cement effect.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile is characterized by sequentially comprising a blank layer, a bottom glaze layer, a texture color layer and a surface glaze layer from bottom to top; the ground coat layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 59～63％、Al 2 O 3 17～20％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 3～5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 3～5％、BaO 0.5～1％、ZrO 2 4-6% and the ignition loss is less than or equal to 3%; the overglaze layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 48～50％、Al 2 O 3 19～20％、K 2 O 0.5～1.5％、Na 2 O 2～4％、CaO 12～14％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 4～6％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 4 percent.
2. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the ground coat layer is prepared from a ground coat glaze, and the ground coat glaze consists of 92-96% of raw materials and 4-8% of frits by mass percentage.
3. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein the chemical composition of the frit comprises, in mass percent: siO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 7～12％、K 2 O 4～6％、Na 2 O 1～3％、CaO 7～12％、MgO 0.8～1.2％、ZnO 5～7％、BaO 13～15％、B 2 O 3 2～3％、ZrO 2 Less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and less than or equal to 1 percent of other impurities and ignition loss.
4. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile of claim 2, wherein said raw material comprises potash feldspar, albite, calcined kaolin, alumina powder, nepheline, wollastonite, air knife soil, quartz powder, zinc oxide, and zirconium silicate.
5. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile as recited in claim 4, wherein said green stock further comprises ball clay.
6. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the glaze of the ground coat layer comprises, by mass, 9-13% of calcined kaolin, 4-6% of air knife soil, 2-4% of ball clay, 16-20% of potassium feldspar, 16-20% of albite, 6-10% of nepheline, 3-6% of wollastonite, 12-15% of quartz powder, 1-3% of alumina, 2-4% of zinc oxide, 4-8% of frit and 6-10% of zirconium silicate.
7. The simulated micro-cement ceramic tile as claimed in claim 6, wherein said ground glaze layer glaze comprises, in mass percent: 12% of calcined kaolin, 5% of air knife soil, 3% of ball clay, 19% of potassium feldspar, 17% of albite, 7% of nepheline, 5% of wollastonite, 13% of quartz powder, 2% of aluminum oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 6% of clinker and 8% of zirconium silicate.
8. A method for preparing a simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: pressing the green body and drying to obtain a green body;
step two: pouring the glaze of the base glaze layer on the blank body, wherein the glaze pouring amount is 400-530 g/m 2 ；
Step three: ink-jet printing a texture color layer on the ground coat layer;
step four: spraying a glaze layer glaze material on the surface of the texture color layer, wherein the spraying amount of the glaze layer glaze material is 260-330 g/m 2 ；
Step five: sintering at 1190-1210 deg.c for 50-80 min;
step six: and (5) edging to obtain a finished product.
9. The method for preparing the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a glaze layer glaze material is sprayed by a high-pressure glaze spraying device, the aperture of a spray gun of the high-pressure glaze spraying device is 0.42-0.52 mm, and the pressure of the spray gun is 4-8 bar.
10. The method for preparing the simulated micro-cement ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the specific gravity of the glaze of the overglaze layer is 1.35-1.50 g/mL.
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