CN114158300A

CN114158300A - Farming is with fertilizer injection unit that digs

Info

Publication number: CN114158300A
Application number: CN202111479828.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁文俊; 魏曦; 赵伟文; 卫舒平; 肖韦江; 姚佳峰; 李福明; 冯泳翰
Original assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-12-06
Filing date: 2021-12-06
Publication date: 2022-03-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Agricultural planting is with fertilizer injection unit that digs includes the travelling car, and the front end of travelling car is provided with the mechanism that digs, and the rear of the mechanism that digs is provided with the broken dish of smashing the soil block to pieces, is provided with the moving mechanism that drives broken dish and reciprocate on the travelling car, and the rear of broken dish is provided with the flexible dish of getting loose the soil block. A fertilizer bin is arranged behind the movable trolley, a discharging bin is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom end of the discharging bin, a striker plate is arranged between the fertilizer bin and the discharging bin, and a telescopic element for driving the striker plate to move is arranged on the fertilizer bin; a soil filling mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged behind the discharge opening, and the soil filling mechanism is positioned between the soil covering mechanism and the discharge opening. The soil-turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting, which adopts the structure, can solve the problems of low working efficiency and poor covering effect of the existing fertilizing device.

Description

Farming is with fertilizer injection unit that digs

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting.

Background

Agricultural machinery is a very heavy device in farming. The agriculture needs to fertilize soil at the planting in-process, need cover fertilizer after the fertilization, avoids fertilizer to receive the fertility that influences fertilizer after the sunshine shines. The existing fertilization process is that a furrow is firstly reclaimed in soil, then fertilizer is scattered in the furrow, and then the fertilizer is covered. The existing fertilizing device can only complete one or two procedures generally, different procedures need to be completed by means of different tools, and the working efficiency is low. The earthing process is generally manual work, or a simple push plate is adopted for covering, so that the covering effect is poor, and the effect of the fertilizer is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting, and solves the problems that an existing fertilizing device is low in working efficiency and poor in covering effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting, which comprises a moving trolley, wherein a soil turning mechanism is arranged at the front end of the moving trolley, a crushing disc for crushing soil blocks is arranged behind the soil turning mechanism, a plurality of crushing nails are arranged below the crushing disc, a moving mechanism for driving the crushing disc to move up and down is arranged on the moving trolley, a scratching disc for loosening the soil blocks is arranged behind the crushing disc, a rotating shaft II of the scratching disc is rotationally connected with the moving trolley, and a motor for driving the rotating shaft II to rotate is arranged on the moving trolley; a fertilizer bin is arranged behind the movable trolley, a discharging bin is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom end of the discharging bin, a striker plate is arranged between the fertilizer bin and the discharging bin, and a telescopic element for driving the striker plate to move is arranged on the fertilizer bin; a soil filling mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged behind the discharge opening, and the soil filling mechanism is positioned between the soil covering mechanism and the discharge opening.

Preferably, the soil turning mechanism comprises soil turning plows, and the two groups of soil turning plows are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the movable trolley.

Preferably, the moving mechanism comprises slide bars, the two slide bars are respectively arranged on two sides of the moving trolley, a first guide seat and a second guide seat which have a guide effect on the sliding of the slide bars are respectively arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the moving trolley, a first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on a cross beam of the moving trolley, a half gear meshed with a rack on the slide bar is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a power structure for driving the first rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the moving trolley, and a rebound structure for driving the slide bars to rebound is arranged on the moving trolley.

Preferably, the power structure comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the motor and the speed reducer are arranged on a supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixed on the movable trolley, and a rotating wheel on an output shaft of the speed reducer is in transmission connection with a rotating wheel arranged on the first rotating shaft through a transmission belt.

Preferably, the resilience structure comprises a spring, the spring is sleeved on the upper portion of the sliding rod, a limiting plate is arranged at the top end of the sliding rod, and two ends of the spring are connected with the first guide seat and the limiting plate respectively.

Preferably, the telescopic element is a cylinder, the cylinder is arranged on the fertilizer bin, and a telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected with the striker plate through a connecting plate.

Preferably, be provided with the trompil that makes the striker plate insert the fertilizer storehouse on the lateral wall of fertilizer storehouse, be provided with the U type draw-in groove of card establishing the striker plate on the inside lateral wall of fertilizer storehouse, the striker plate be located the draw-in groove and with draw-in groove sliding connection.

Preferably, the soil filling mechanism comprises a third rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the mounting plate, one end of the mounting plate is fixed on the moving trolley, the middle part of the third rotating shaft is provided with a driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with a motor arranged on the mounting plate through a belt or a chain wheel; two soil filling spiral plates are symmetrically arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the spiral plates correspond to the soil turning mechanisms one by one.

Preferably, the soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering plate, the soil covering plate is arranged on the mounting plate, two soil covering grooves are arranged below the soil covering plate, and the soil covering grooves correspond to the soil turning mechanisms one by one; the soil covering groove is of a conical structure with a large opening at one end close to the fertilizer bin and a small opening at the other end.

Preferably, the bottom of the moving trolley is provided with a roller; the movable trolley is provided with a handle, and the handle is connected with the movable trolley through an inclined rod; the moving trolley is provided with a connecting piece which is convenient for pulling the moving trolley to move.

The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. two soil turning plows are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the movable trolley, two-pass fertilization can be completed once, and the working efficiency is high.

2. The rear of the plough is provided with a breaking disc, the rear of the breaking disc is provided with a scratching disc, soil blocks are broken through the breaking disc and the scratching disc, soil is convenient to backfill, and the backfilling effect is improved.

3. The rear of the fertilizer bin is provided with the spiral piece, and the spiral piece drives soil to move along the spiral piece to send the soil beside the furrow into the furrow, improve the backfill rate and the backfill effect of soil.

4. The soil covering plate arranged behind the spiral sheet further conveys soil into the furrow, and the soil in the furrow is compacted and flattened, so that the backfilling effect is improved.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a soil turning mechanism of an embodiment of the soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a soil filling mechanism of an embodiment of the soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a soil covering mechanism of an embodiment of the soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting.

Reference numerals

1. Moving the trolley; 2. a column; 3. a cross beam; 4. a support plate; 5. a soil turning plow; 6. a first rotating shaft; 7. a half gear; 8. a slide bar; 9. a rack; 10. a spring; 11. a limiting plate; 12. a first guide seat; 13. a second guide seat; 14. a crushing disc; 15. crushing nails; 16. scratching a disc; 17. a second rotating shaft; 18. a fertilizer bin; 19. a striker plate; 20. a cylinder; 21. a connecting plate; 22. discharging a bin; 23. a discharge outlet; 24. a spiral sheet; 25. a soil covering plate; 26. covering a soil tank; 27. mounting a plate; 28. a diagonal bar; 29. a handle; 30. a roller; 31. a connecting member; 32. a speed reducer; 33. a motor; 34. a transmission belt; 35. a rotating shaft III; 36. a driving wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

Examples

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a soil turning mechanism of an embodiment of a soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting. As shown in the figure, the soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting comprises a movable trolley 1, wherein the movable trolley 1 is of a frame structure with the top and the bottom connected through an upright post 2. The bottom of the movable trolley 1 is provided with a roller 30, which is convenient for the movable trolley 1 to move. The front end of the movable trolley 1 is provided with a soil turning mechanism which comprises soil turning plows 5, and the two groups of soil turning plows 5 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the movable trolley 1. The two groups of the turning plows 5 can turn out two furrows and can simultaneously complete two-time fertilization. The two symmetrically arranged soil turning plows 5 turn the two furrows outwards in a centrosymmetric manner, so that the interference of the two furrows is reduced.

The rear of the soil turning mechanism is provided with a crushing disc 14 for mashing soil blocks, a plurality of crushing nails 15 are arranged below the crushing disc 14, the number of the crushing discs 14 is two, and the two crushing discs 14 correspond to the soil turning plows 5 one by one. The movable trolley 1 is provided with a moving mechanism for driving the crushing disc 14 to move up and down. The moving mechanism comprises slide bars 8, and the two slide bars 8 are respectively arranged at two sides of the moving trolley 1. The upper part and the lower part of the movable trolley 1 are respectively provided with a first guide seat 12 and a second guide seat 13 which have guiding function on the sliding of the sliding rod 8, and the first guide seat 12 and the second guide seat 13 are fixedly arranged on the movable trolley 1. A first rotating shaft 6 is rotatably arranged on the cross beam 3 of the movable trolley 1, and a half gear 7 meshed with a rack 9 on a sliding rod 8 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 6.

The movable trolley 1 is provided with a power structure for driving the first rotating shaft 6 to rotate. The power structure comprises a motor 33 and a speed reducer 32, the motor 33 and the speed reducer 32 are arranged on the support plate 4, and the support plate 4 is fixed on the movable trolley 1. And a rotating wheel on an output shaft of the speed reducer 32 is in transmission connection with a rotating wheel arranged on the first rotating shaft 6 through a transmission belt 34. The movable trolley 1 is provided with a rebound structure for driving the slide bar 8 to rebound. The rebounding structure comprises a spring 10, the spring 10 is sleeved on the upper portion of the sliding rod 8, a limiting plate 11 is arranged at the top end of the sliding rod 8, and two ends of the spring 10 are connected with the first guide seat 12 and the limiting plate 11 respectively.

The motor 33 drives the first rotating shaft 6 to rotate through the speed reducer 32 and the transmission belt 34, the first rotating shaft 6 drives the half gear 7 to rotate, the half gear 7 is meshed with the rack 9, the slide bar 8 is driven to move downwards through the rack 9, and the whole block of bumps turned out by the plough 5 is crushed through the crushing nails 15; when the half gear 7 rotates to one side without tooth buds, the sliding rod 8 rebounds under the action of the spring 10, and the crushing disc 14 rises, so that the crushing disc 14 moves up and down, and the crushing of the convex blocks is completed.

Scratching discs 16 for loosening soil blocks are arranged behind the crushing discs 14, and two scratching discs 16 are arranged and correspond to the crushing discs 14 one by one. The two flexible discs 16 are fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 17, and the second rotating shaft 17 is rotatably connected with the moving trolley 1. The moving trolley 1 is provided with a motor for driving the second rotating shaft 17 to rotate. The motor drives the second rotating shaft 17 to rotate through a driving belt 34 or a chain of the existing structure, so that the scratching disc 16 is driven to rotate, and further, the bump crushed by the crushing disc 14 is scratched to be loose, so that soil is convenient to backfill.

A fertilizer bin 18 is arranged behind the movable trolley 1, and the fertilizer bin 18 is fixedly arranged on the movable trolley 1. The bottom of the fertilizer bin 18 is provided with a discharging bin 22, and the discharging bin 22 is of a funnel-shaped structure, so that the discharging of the discharging bin 22 is facilitated. The bottom end of the blanking bin 22 is provided with two discharge ports 23, the two discharge ports 23 correspond to the furrows turned out by the soil turning plough 5 one by one, and the fertilizer in the blanking bin 22 is sent into the furrows.

A striker plate 19 is arranged between the fertilizer bin 18 and the lower bin 22, and a telescopic element for driving the striker plate 19 to move is arranged on the fertilizer bin 18. The telescopic element is a cylinder 20, and the cylinder 20 is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer bin 18. The telescopic rod of the cylinder 20 is connected with the striker plate 19 through a connecting plate 21. The cylinder 20 is of conventional construction. The cylinder 20 drives the striker plate 19 to be drawn out or inserted from the fertilizer bin 18 through the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod, so that the size of the communicating hole between the fertilizer bin 18 and the discharging bin 22 is controlled, and the flow of the fertilizer is controlled.

Be provided with the trompil that makes striker plate 19 insert fertilizer storehouse 18 on fertilizer storehouse 18's the lateral wall, be provided with the U type draw-in groove that the card established striker plate 19 on fertilizer storehouse 18's the inside lateral wall, striker plate 19 is located the draw-in groove and with draw-in groove sliding connection. The U-shaped clamping groove has a guiding effect on the sliding of the striker plate 19, so that the striker plate 19 can fully block and separate the fertilizer bin 18 and the discharging bin 22.

A soil filling mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged behind the discharge opening 23, and the soil filling mechanism is positioned between the soil covering mechanism and the discharge opening 23. The soil filling mechanism comprises a third rotating shaft 35, and the third rotating shaft 35 is rotatably connected with the mounting plate 27. One end of the mounting plate 27 is fixed to the traveling car 1. Two soil filling spiral plates 24 are symmetrically arranged on the third rotating shaft 35, the spiral plates 24 correspond to the two soil turning plows 5 respectively, and loosened soil beside the furrow is backfilled into the furrow under the action of the spiral plates 24 to cover fertilizers in the furrow. The mounting plate 27 is disposed between the two spiral pieces 24 of the third shaft 35. The middle part of the third rotating shaft 35 is provided with a driving wheel 36, and the driving wheel 36 is connected with a motor arranged on the mounting plate 27 through a belt or a chain wheel with the existing structure. The motor drives the third rotating shaft 35 to rotate, and the third rotating shaft 35 drives the spiral sheet 24 to rotate, so that soil is backfilled.

The earthing mechanism includes earthing plate 25, and earthing plate 25 is fixed to be set up on mounting panel 27. Two soil covering grooves 26 are arranged below the soil covering plate 25, and the soil covering grooves 26 correspond to the spiral pieces 24 one by one. The soil covering groove 26 is a conical structure with a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other end close to the fertilizer bin 18. The earth covering plate 25 backfills the residual soil into the furrows through the earth covering grooves 26, further backfills the furrows, and can also compact the soil to improve the earth covering effect.

The movable trolley 1 is provided with a handle 29, and the handle 29 is connected with the movable trolley 1 through an inclined rod 28. The handle 29 is convenient for pushing the movable trolley 1 to walk. The moving trolley 1 is provided with a connecting piece 31 which is convenient for pulling the moving trolley 1 to move. The connecting piece 31 can be a fixed ring, a pull rope is tied on the connecting piece 31, and the movable trolley 1 is pulled in front of the movable trolley 1, so that the movable trolley 1 can move conveniently. The connecting piece 31 can also be the existing connecting fastener, is connected with the agricultural machine through the connecting fastener, and drives the moving trolley 1 to move through the agricultural machine, so as to realize mechanized fertilization.

Therefore, the soil-turning and fertilizer-applying device for agricultural planting, which adopts the structure, can solve the problems of low working efficiency and poor covering effect of the existing fertilizer-applying device.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a farming is with fertilizer injection unit that digs which characterized in that: the soil breaking device comprises a moving trolley, wherein a soil turning mechanism is arranged at the front end of the moving trolley, a breaking disc for smashing soil blocks is arranged behind the soil turning mechanism, a plurality of breaking nails are arranged below the breaking disc, a moving mechanism for driving the breaking disc to move up and down is arranged on the moving trolley, a scratching disc for loosening the soil blocks is arranged behind the breaking disc, a second rotating shaft of the scratching disc is rotatably connected with the moving trolley, and a motor for driving the second rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the moving trolley; a fertilizer bin is arranged behind the movable trolley, a discharging bin is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom end of the discharging bin, a striker plate is arranged between the fertilizer bin and the discharging bin, and a telescopic element for driving the striker plate to move is arranged on the fertilizer bin; a soil filling mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged behind the discharge opening, and the soil filling mechanism is positioned between the soil covering mechanism and the discharge opening.

2. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil turning mechanism comprises soil turning plows, and the two groups of soil turning plows are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the movable trolley.

3. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moving mechanism comprises slide bars, the two slide bars are respectively arranged on two sides of the moving trolley, a first guide seat and a second guide seat which have a guide effect on the sliding of the slide bars are respectively arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the moving trolley, a first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on a cross beam of the moving trolley, a half gear meshed with a rack on the slide bar is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a power structure for driving the first rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the moving trolley, and a rebound structure for driving the slide bars to rebound is arranged on the moving trolley.

4. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: the power structure comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the motor and the speed reducer are arranged on a supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixed on the moving trolley, and a rotating wheel on an output shaft of the speed reducer is in transmission connection with a rotating wheel arranged on the first rotating shaft through a transmission belt.

5. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: the resilience structure comprises a spring, the spring is sleeved on the upper portion of the sliding rod, a limiting plate is arranged at the top end of the sliding rod, and two ends of the spring are connected with the first guide seat and the limiting plate respectively.

6. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the telescopic element is a cylinder, the cylinder is arranged on the fertilizer bin, and a telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected with the striker plate through a connecting plate.

7. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: be provided with the trompil that makes the striker plate insert the fertilizer storehouse on the lateral wall of fertilizer storehouse, be provided with the U type draw-in groove of card establishing the striker plate on the inside lateral wall of fertilizer storehouse, the striker plate be located the draw-in groove and with draw-in groove sliding connection.

8. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil filling mechanism comprises a third rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the mounting plate, one end of the mounting plate is fixed on the moving trolley, the middle part of the third rotating shaft is provided with a driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with a motor arranged on the mounting plate through a belt or a chain wheel; two soil filling spiral plates are symmetrically arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the spiral plates correspond to the soil turning mechanisms one by one.

9. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 8, characterized in that: the soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering plate, the soil covering plate is arranged on the mounting plate, two soil covering grooves are arranged below the soil covering plate, and the soil covering grooves correspond to the soil turning mechanisms one by one; the soil covering groove is of a conical structure with a large opening at one end close to the fertilizer bin and a small opening at the other end.

10. The soil turning and fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the moving trolley is provided with a roller; the movable trolley is provided with a handle, and the handle is connected with the movable trolley through an inclined rod; the moving trolley is provided with a connecting piece which is convenient for pulling the moving trolley to move.