CN114152230A - Circumferential position degree measuring method for pocket of square-hole cage of cylindrical roller bearing - Google Patents
Circumferential position degree measuring method for pocket of square-hole cage of cylindrical roller bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114152230A CN114152230A CN202111438088.1A CN202111438088A CN114152230A CN 114152230 A CN114152230 A CN 114152230A CN 202111438088 A CN202111438088 A CN 202111438088A CN 114152230 A CN114152230 A CN 114152230A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring circumferential position degree of a pocket of a square-hole cage of a cylindrical roller bearing, relates to a method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pocket of the cage of the bearing, and aims to solve the problems that the circumferential position degree of the pocket of the square-hole cage of the conventional cylindrical roller bearing is influenced by measuring extension errors, the distance cannot be completely equal to the position degree, and the result that the same cage establishes X-axis with different holes is different, and the method is realized according to the following steps: determining a reference end face at one end of the retainer as a Z-axis zero position of a coordinate system; aligning the Z axis; determining the X-axis direction; the zero point in the Z-axis direction is a C surface of the reference end surface of the retainer; establishing a coordinate system of the retainer workpiece; fitting a coordinate system; selecting a fitting coordinate system option; establishing a best fit coordinate system X2, Y2 and Z2 by the median planes of all the pockets; and evaluating the position degree of the bisection plane of each pocket one by one, wherein the determined bisection plane accords with the definition of the position degree of the bisection plane. The invention belongs to the field of measurement of bearing square hole retainers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the position degree of a pocket hole of a bearing retainer, in particular to a method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pocket hole of a square-hole retainer of a cylindrical roller bearing, and belongs to the field of measurement of the square-hole retainer of the bearing.
Background
The circumferential direction position degree of each pocket is evaluated according to the technological requirements of a square-hole retainer of a cylindrical roller bearing component. The original measurement and evaluation method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring the retainer by three coordinates, then making a perpendicular line from the center of mass of the axis of the inner diameter/outer diameter reference cylinder of the retainer to the bisector of two circumferential surfaces of each pocket, and projecting the perpendicular line to twice of the two-dimensional distance in the plane of the reference end surface of the retainer to be used as the circumferential position degree of the hole. However, this method, which represents the degree of position in terms of distance, is subject to an extension error. The extent of the effect of such an extension error becomes more pronounced as the diameter of the cage increases. Furthermore, the degree of perpendicularity of the inner/outer diameter cylindrical axis to the reference end face influences the measurement result. The method is characterized in that firstly, the influence of the extension error is more obvious along with the increase of the diameter of the retainer, secondly, the position degree is represented by the distance, and the distance can be a means for evaluating the position relation due to the fact that the position degree is marked on the drawing, but cannot be completely equal to the position degree. And thirdly, the reference hole is not specified, which hole is not specified on the drawing is the reference hole, and any one hole in all holes of the retainer can be used for establishing the X axis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the circumferential position of a pocket of a square-hole cage of a traditional cylindrical roller bearing is affected by extension error measurement, the distance cannot be completely equal to the position, and the results of establishing X-axis by different holes for the same cage are different, and further provides a method for measuring the circumferential position of the pocket of the square-hole cage of the cylindrical roller bearing.
The method is realized according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a reference end face at one end of the retainer as a Z-axis zero position of a coordinate system;
step two: measuring an inner diameter reference circle B, wherein the reference is the axis of the inner diameter phi dc, and aligning the Z axis by the axis of the inner diameter phi dc in PC-DMIS software;
step three: selecting any one pocket to measure a point on each of the two lintel surfaces at two sides of the pocket, constructing a midpoint of the two points, and setting the direction from the phi dc inner diameter axis centroid to the midpoint of the two lintel surfaces as the X-axis direction;
step four: the zero point in the Z-axis direction is a C surface of the reference end surface of the retainer, and the zero point of the XY plane is positioned at the center of the inner diameter reference circle B;
step five: determining X, Y and a Z origin position in PC-DMIS software to establish a coordinate system of the holder workpiece;
step six: measuring the median plane of each hole, and fitting a coordinate system by using the median planes of all the holes;
step seven: inserting a new coordinate system command into the PC-DMIS software to select a fitting coordinate system option;
step eight: selecting the bisector of each pocket in the software interface of the best fit coordinate system in the step seven, and establishing a best fit coordinate system X2, Y2 and Z2 by the bisector of all the pockets;
step nine: and step eight, evaluating the position degree of the bisection of each pocket one by one under the best fitting coordinate system, wherein the determined bisection accords with the definition of the position degree of the bisection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the transmission method has the working principle that the center of mass of the axis of the inner diameter reference cylinder makes a perpendicular line to the bisector plane of the two beam passing surfaces in the circumferential direction of each hole, and the two-dimensional distance projected to the XY plane by the perpendicular line is twice of the circumferential position degree of the hole. The position degree is expressed by distance, and is influenced by extension error, so that higher requirements are put on the quality of products. The degree of influence of the extension error becomes more and more significant as the diameter of the cage increases. Since the drawing is marked with the position degree, the distance can be a means for evaluating the position relation, but the distance cannot be completely equal to the position degree, and the drawing does not specify which hole is the reference hole, and any one of all holes of the retainer can be used for establishing the X axis. The same cage, with different holes establishing the X-axis, will vary in result.
The working principle of the method is that two lintel passing surfaces of each hole are measured, the bisection surfaces of the two lintel passing surfaces of each hole are constructed, then the bisection surfaces of all the holes are used for carrying out the best fitting of a coordinate system, and the circumferential position degree of the bisection surface of each hole is evaluated according to the position degree definition under the fitted coordinate system. On the basis of the original coordinate system, the median planes of all the beam passing holes of the retainer are used for carrying out the best fitting of the coordinate system, and the position degree of the median plane of each hole is evaluated according to the position degree definition under the best fitting coordinate system. The position degree of the hole group is corrected by using the best fitting mode, so that the drawing marking requirement is met, and the form and position tolerance marking requirement is also met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a workpiece coordinate system of a square-hole cage of a cylindrical roller bearing.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the establishment of a best-fit coordinate system X2, Y2 by the method of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a square bore cage for a cylindrical roller bearing. In the figure, B is a reference circle B of the inner diameter of the retainer, and the plane C is a zero reference end surface of the retainer in the Z-axis direction.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cage pocket with a dimension L5 at position 1 being a bisector of two circumferential web surfaces of the corresponding cage pocket.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of single measurement results of the 28-hole retainer.
Fig. 6 is a comparison graph of single measurement results of the 30-hole retainer.
Fig. 7 is a graph of results of measurements of a 28-hole cage taken 5 times in method 1 as in the conventional method.
Fig. 8 is a graph of the results of measurements of a 28-hole cage using method 2 for method 5 of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the results of measurement of a 30-hole cage in 5 passes using method 1 as a conventional method.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the results of measurements of a 30-hole cage using method 2, method 5 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing is implemented according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the reference end surface of the retainer as a Z-axis zero position of a coordinate system;
step two: measuring an inner diameter reference circle B, wherein a position degree 1 in the graph of FIG. 4 is a dimension line L5 which is a median plane of two circumferential beam passing surfaces of the corresponding cage pocket, the reference is an axis of an inner diameter phi dc, and a Z axis is aligned by the axis of the inner diameter phi dc in PC-DMIS software;
step three: selecting any one pocket to measure a point on each of two lintel surfaces in the circumferential direction of the pocket, constructing a midpoint of the two points, and setting the direction from the phi dc inner diameter axis centroid to the midpoint of the two lintel surfaces as the X-axis direction;
step four: the zero position in the Z-axis direction is the reference end surface of the retainer and is a C surface, and the zero position of the XY plane is the center of an inner diameter reference circle B;
step five: determining X, Y and a Z origin position in PC-DMIS software to establish a coordinate system of the holder workpiece;
step six: measuring the median plane of each hole, and fitting a coordinate system by using the median planes of all the holes;
step seven: inserting a new coordinate system into the PC-DMIS software to select a fitting coordinate system option;
step eight: selecting the bisector of each pocket in the software interface of the best fit coordinate system in the step seven, and establishing a best fit coordinate system X2, Y2 and Z2 by the bisector of all the pockets;
step nine: and step eight, evaluating the position degree of the bisection of each pocket one by one under the best fitting coordinate system, wherein the determined bisection accords with the definition of the position degree of the bisection.
The second embodiment is as follows: in the first step, dots are uniformly distributed on the end face of one end of the retainer, and a plane formed by all the dots is taken as a zero position of a Z axis. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the circumferential position degree measuring method of the pockets of the square-hole cage of the cylindrical roller bearing according to the embodiment is characterized in that in the second step, the width of a circumferential position degree tolerance zone is equal to the value of the position degree, the direction is the circumferential direction, the bisector plane of two bridge surfaces of each pocket of the cage is limited between two parallel planes with the distance equal to the position degree nominal value, the two parallel planes are symmetrical to an ideal position determined by the axis of the inner diameter phi dc and the central plane, and the two parallel planes are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the inner diameter phi dc. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in the third step, phi dc is used as an inner diameter reference to form a reference circle B, and a connecting line of the center and the midpoint of the reference circle B is determined as the X-axis direction. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in the embodiment described above with reference to fig. 1 to 2, in the step eight, the right-hand rule determines Z2 to be in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in the method for measuring the circumferential position of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing according to the embodiment. The best fit coordinate system X2Y2Z2 is only rotated by a certain angle in an XY plane by using the inner diameter phi dc in the original coordinate system XYZ as an axis according to a certain algorithm, and the coordinate system does not move in the Z-axis direction. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
In this application best fit of the coordinate system is a mathematical process to calculate the features or parameters of the coordinate system by minimizing certain error conditions between the measurements and the theoretical points or features. The best fit method is not the fitting accuracy, but the error of the part is distributed among these theoretical points, and the actual values are matched with the theoretical values by a specified fitting method such as least squares, vectors, and maximums. Two circumferential faces of all the holes are measured, and a bisection face of the two faces of each hole is constructed. In the measurement software, a new coordinate system is inserted and the median planes of all holes are selected.
Examples
Two types of square-hole cages are respectively selected, the number of the pockets is 28, the number of the pockets is 30, the two types of square-hole cages are respectively measured by adopting two modes of traditional distance evaluation and coordinate system best fitting of the application, and the measurement results are analyzed. The conventional distance evaluation method is denoted as method 1, and the best fit coordinate system evaluation method of the present application is denoted as method 2.
Single measurement comparison test
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of single measurement results of the 28-hole holder, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that the minimum value is 0.008mm and the maximum value is 0.345mm in the 28-hole measurement results of the conventional method of method 1. Method 2 of the present application 28 holes were measured with a minimum value of 0.001mm and a maximum value of 0.053 mm. Fig. 6 is a comparison graph of single measurement results of the 30-hole holder, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the minimum value is 0.002mm, and the maximum value is 0.190mm in the 30-hole measurement results of the conventional method of method 1. Method 2 of the present application, the minimum value is 0.000mm and the maximum value is 0.017mm among the results of the 30-well measurement.
The two cages have single measurement results, the 28-hole measurement result of the method 1 has the largest dispersion degree, and the method 2 has the smaller dispersion degree.
Measurement method repeatability test
Fig. 7 is a graph of the results of 5 times of measurement of the 28-hole retainer by using the method 1 as a traditional method, and as can be seen from fig. 7, the maximum difference of the results of 5 times of repeated measurement of the same hole in the traditional method of the method 1 is 0.057 mm. Fig. 8 is a graph of measurement results of the 28-hole retainer obtained by adopting the method 2 and 5 times of the method of the present application, and as can be obtained from fig. 8, the maximum difference between the measurement results of the same hole obtained by repeating 5 times of the method of the present application is 0.004 mm. Fig. 9 is a graph of the results of 5 times of measurement of the 30-hole retainer by using the method 1, which is a traditional method, and as can be seen from fig. 9, the results of 5 times of repeated measurement of the same hole by using the traditional method 1 have the maximum difference of 0.054 mm. Fig. 10 is a graph of the results of measurements of a 30-hole cage taken 5 times by the method of method 2 of the present application, and it can be seen from fig. 10 that the same hole of the method of the present application is repeated 5 times with a maximum difference of 0.005 mm.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a cylindrical roller bearing square hole holder pocket circumference position degree measurement method which characterized in that: the method is realized according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a reference end face at one end of the retainer as a Z-axis zero position of a coordinate system;
step two: measuring an inner diameter reference circle B, wherein the reference is the axis of the inner diameter phi dc, and aligning the Z axis by the axis of the inner diameter phi dc in PC-DMIS software;
step three: selecting any one pocket to measure a point on each of the two lintel surfaces at two sides of the pocket, constructing a midpoint of the two points, and setting the direction from the phi dc inner diameter axis centroid to the midpoint of the two lintel surfaces as the X-axis direction;
step four: the zero point in the Z-axis direction is the reference end face of the retainer and is a C face, and the zero point of the XY plane is positioned at the center of the inner diameter reference circle B;
step five: determining X, Y and a Z origin position in PC-DMIS software to establish a coordinate system of the holder workpiece;
step six: measuring the median plane of each hole, and fitting a coordinate system by using the median planes of all the holes;
step seven: inserting a new coordinate system into the PC-DMIS software to select a fitting coordinate system option;
step eight: selecting the bisector of each pocket in the software interface of the best fit coordinate system in the step seven, and establishing a best fit coordinate system X2, Y2 and Z2 by the bisector of all the pockets;
step nine: and step eight, evaluating the position degree of the bisection of each pocket one by one under the best fitting coordinate system, wherein the determined bisection accords with the definition of the position degree of the bisection.
2. The method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, dots are uniformly distributed on the end face of one end of the retainer, and a plane formed by all the dots is taken as a zero position of the Z axis.
3. The method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the width of the tolerance zone of the circumferential position degree is equal to the numerical value of the position degree, the direction is circumferential, the bisector plane of the two beam-passing surfaces of each pocket of the cage is limited between two parallel planes with the distance equal to the nominal value of the position degree, the two parallel planes are symmetrical to the position determined by the axis of the inner diameter phi dc and the central plane, and the two parallel planes are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the inner diameter phi dc.
4. The method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, phi dc is used as an inner diameter reference to form a reference circle B, and a connecting line of the center of the reference circle B and a midpoint is determined as the X-axis direction.
5. The method for measuring the circumferential position degree of the pockets of the cage with the square holes of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step eight, Z2 is in the direction vertical to the paper.
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| CN202111438088.1A CN114152230A (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Circumferential position degree measuring method for pocket of square-hole cage of cylindrical roller bearing |
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2021
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| JPH11123633A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-05-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Working method of scroll lap and working device therefor |
| CN106568365A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 天津大学 | Method for detecting and evaluating spherical hole composite location degree error |
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