CN114128553B - Method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing using times of chemical pesticide - Google Patents

Method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing using times of chemical pesticide Download PDF

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CN114128553B
CN114128553B CN202111414031.8A CN202111414031A CN114128553B CN 114128553 B CN114128553 B CN 114128553B CN 202111414031 A CN202111414031 A CN 202111414031A CN 114128553 B CN114128553 B CN 114128553B
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grape
bagging
spraying
grapes
nano
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CN114128553A (en
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侯珲
王丽
袁洪波
涂洪涛
周增强
黄天祥
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Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute CAAS
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Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute CAAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/12—Powders or granules
    • A01N25/14—Powders or granules wettable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the using times of chemical pesticides, which comprises three steps of grape planting, pesticide spraying and grape harvesting, wherein the grape planting step is divided into two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging, the two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging comprise the pesticide spraying step, the grape harvesting step is carried out after the pesticide spraying step is finished, the pesticide spraying step is carried out again after the grape harvesting step is finished, and the grape planting step comprises the following parts: s1: selecting two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes according to the growth characteristics and production requirements of the grapes; s2: aiming at the grape bagging process, 1000 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder is sprayed before bagging, and the whole tree is sprayed; in the implementation process, the invention reduces the pollution to the ecological environment, reduces the production probability of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and increases the prevention and treatment effect.

Description

Method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing using times of chemical pesticide
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting and maintenance, in particular to a method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the using times of chemical pesticides.
Background
Grape gray mold is a fungal disease caused by Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea), is one of the diseases with great harm in grape production, is distributed in various grape production areas in China, is particularly serious in facility grape production, and has become an important disease which limits the development of the facility grape industry in China at present. Botrytis cinerea has the characteristics of host diversity, diversified infection modes, capability of utilizing the survival of hypha, conidia or sclerotium in disease residues and the like, and the characteristics bring difficulty to the prevention and control of the Botrytis cinerea and are difficult to control the disease by a single effective method. At present, the prevention and treatment of grape gray mold are mainly chemical prevention and treatment, and are assisted by ecological prevention and biological prevention and treatment. The chemical agent has quick effect on prevention and treatment, but because of long-term unreasonable use, not only causes pollution to the ecological environment, but also pathogenic bacteria are easy to generate drug resistance, so that the prevention and treatment effect is reduced, therefore, in order to solve the problems, a method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the use times of chemical pesticide is provided,
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the using times of chemical pesticides.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for reducing the use times of chemical pesticides and preventing and treating grape gray mold comprises three steps of grape planting, pesticide spraying and grape harvesting, wherein the grape planting step is divided into two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging, the two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging both comprise the step of pesticide spraying, the step of grape harvesting is carried out after the step of pesticide spraying is finished, and the step of pesticide spraying is carried out again after the step of grape harvesting is finished.
The grape planting step comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes according to the growth characteristics of the grapes;
s2: aiming at the grape bagging process, 1000 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder is sprayed before bagging, and the whole tree is sprayed;
the step of spraying the medicament respectively comprises the following parts aiming at the two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes:
in the grape bagging process:
a1: spraying a solution of 20mmol/L nano-silicon after the grape falls into the flower;
a2: spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution immediately after bagging, then applying the pesticide once every 15 days, and spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution 1 time after spraying 1000 times 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder till the grapes are harvested;
during the process of not bagging grapes:
b1: spraying a nano-silicon solution of 20mmol/L after grape flower falling;
b2: the pesticide is applied once every 15 days in the growing season, and the pesticide is alternately applied for 1 time in a circulating way by spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution after spraying 1000 times and 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder until the grapes are harvested;
the grape harvesting step also comprises the following steps:
c1: after the grape harvesting steps of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes, spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution;
in the process of spraying the medicament, A1, A2, B1 and B2, the method further comprises the following steps:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% of Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% of Tween 80 is used as a surfactant;
the C1 part after the grape harvesting step further comprises the following steps:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% Tween 80 is used as a surfactant to prevent the occurrence of botrytis cinerea during storage.
The method for preventing and treating the grape gray mold by reducing the using times of the chemical pesticide has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, the principle that silicide induces plants to generate disease resistance to be matched with a chemical agent for use is mainly utilized for preventing and treating, the wettable powder of polyoxin is firstly sprayed before the bagging process aiming at the grape bagging and the grape non-bagging growth process in the grape growth process to prevent germ invasion, and the wettable powder of nano-silicon and polyoxin is sprayed after bagging to be sprayed in a circulating and alternating mode, so that the production probability of grape resistance to botrytis cinerea is reduced, the release and treatment effect is improved, and the pollution problem to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an operation flow chart of a method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the using times of chemical pesticides.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-1, the method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing the using times of chemical pesticides comprises three steps of grape planting, pesticide spraying and grape harvesting, wherein the grape planting step is divided into two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging, the two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging both comprise the step of pesticide spraying, the step of grape harvesting is carried out after the pesticide spraying step is finished, and the step of pesticide spraying is carried out again after the grape harvesting step is finished.
The grape planting step comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes according to the growth characteristics of the grapes;
s2: aiming at the grape bagging process, 1000 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder is sprayed before bagging, and the whole tree is sprayed;
the step of spraying the medicament respectively comprises the following parts aiming at the two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes:
in the grape bagging process:
a1: spraying a solution of 20mmol/L nano-silicon after the grape falls into the flower;
a2: spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution immediately after bagging, then applying the pesticide once every 15 days, and spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution 1 time after spraying 1000 times 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder till the grapes are harvested;
during the process of not bagging grapes:
b1: spraying a nano-silicon solution of 20mmol/L after grape flower falling;
b2: the pesticide is applied once every 15 days in the growing season, and the pesticide is alternately applied for 1 time in a circulating way by spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution after spraying 1000 times and 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder until the grapes are harvested;
the grape harvesting step also comprises the following steps:
c1: after the grape harvesting steps of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes, spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution;
in the process of spraying the medicament, A1, A2, B1 and B2, the method further comprises the following steps:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% of Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% of Tween 80 is used as a surfactant.
The C1 part after the grape harvesting step further comprises the following steps:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% Tween 80 is used as a surfactant to prevent the occurrence of botrytis cinerea during storage.
In the implementation process of the scheme, in the process of bagging and bagging grapes, the difference between the two modes is that 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution is sprayed after the grapes fall flowers, 1000 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder is sprayed before bagging, the whole tree is sprayed, 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution is sprayed immediately after bagging, the application is performed once every 15 days, the nano-silicon 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution is sprayed for 1 time after 1000 times of spraying 10% polyoxin wettable powder and 2 times, and the application is alternately performed until the grapes are harvested,
after the grapes are harvested, 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution is sprayed to prevent the occurrence of grape gray mold in the storage period.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for reducing the use times of chemical pesticides to prevent and control grape gray mold comprises three steps of grape planting, pesticide spraying and grape harvesting, and is characterized in that the grape planting step is divided into two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging, the two processes of grape bagging and grape bagging both comprise the step of pesticide spraying, the step of grape harvesting is carried out after the step of pesticide spraying is finished, and the step of pesticide spraying is carried out again after the step of grape harvesting is finished;
the grape planting step comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes according to the growth characteristics of the grapes;
s2: aiming at the grape bagging process, 1000 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder is sprayed before bagging, and the whole tree is sprayed;
the step of spraying the medicament respectively comprises the following parts aiming at the two processes of bagging grapes and not bagging grapes:
in the grape bagging process:
a1: spraying a solution of 20mmol/L nano-silicon after the grape falls into the flower;
a2: spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution immediately after bagging, then applying the pesticide once every 15 days, and spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution 1 time after spraying 1000 times 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder till the grapes are harvested;
a3: after the grape harvesting step, spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution;
during the process of not bagging grapes:
b1: spraying a nano-silicon solution of 20mmol/L after grape flower falling;
b2: the pesticide is applied once every 15 days in the growing season, and the pesticide is alternately applied for 1 time in a circulating way by spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution after spraying 1000 times and 2 times of 10% polyoxin wettable powder until the grapes are harvested;
b3: and after the grape harvesting step, spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution.
2. The method for controlling grape gray mold by reducing the use frequency of chemical pesticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grape harvesting step further comprises the following steps:
c1: after the grape harvesting steps of bagging grapes and harvesting grapes which are not bagged, spraying a nano-silicon 20mmol/L solution.
3. The method for controlling grape gray mold by reducing the use frequency of chemical pesticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps of A1, A2, B1 and B2 during the pesticide spraying process are as follows:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% of Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% of Tween 80 is used as a surfactant.
4. The method for controlling grape gray mold by reducing the number of times of using chemical pesticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of harvesting the grapes in the part C1 further comprises the following steps:
in the process of spraying 20mmol/L nano-silicon solution, 0.01% Tween 80 is also added, and 0.01% Tween 80 is used as a surfactant to prevent the occurrence of botrytis cinerea during storage.
CN202111414031.8A 2021-11-25 2021-11-25 Method for preventing and treating grape gray mold by reducing using times of chemical pesticide Active CN114128553B (en)

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CN114128553B true CN114128553B (en) 2023-04-18

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TWI801380B (en) * 2017-05-02 2023-05-11 美商科迪華農業科技有限責任公司 Use of an acyclic picolinamide compound as a fungicide for control of phytopathogenic fungi in orchard, vineyard and plantation crops
CN112586266B (en) * 2020-12-18 2023-05-02 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 Pesticide application-reducing and efficiency-increasing method suitable for vineyard

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