CN114122607A - 蓄电装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种蓄电装置及其制造方法。蓄电装置(1)具备多个蓄电单元(110)沿层叠方向层叠的蓄电模块(100)以及收存蓄电模块(100)的壳(200),蓄电模块(100)中的蓄电单元(110)各自具有在与层叠方向大致正交的方向上延伸的主面(112A),壳(200)包含沿层叠方向支撑在壳(200)所收存的蓄电模块(100)的支撑部(210)以及设置在与支撑部(210)不同的位置并向主面(112A)开口的凹部(220)。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及蓄电装置及其制造方法。
背景技术
以往,已知电源装置的各种各样的冷却方式。在专利文献1(日本专利第5535520号公报)、专利文献2(日本专利第6400838号公报)以及专利文献3(日本专利第6449438号公报)中公开了空冷方式的电池。在专利文献4(日本专利第5183172号公报)、专利文献5(国际公开第2012/133708号)以及专利文献6(日本特开2012-28321号公报)中公开了水冷方式的电池。
在专利文献7(日本特表2015-520480号公报)中公开了,在电池模块的2个单元之间配置弹塑性的构件,并在将其层叠体压住的状态下收存在壳中。
需要电池等蓄电装置的进一步的轻量化、小型化。另外,还需要稳定地保持多个蓄电单元。
在专利文献1至专利文献7中记载的构造对于解决上述2个课题来说未必充分。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供实现蓄电单元的稳定的保持并且实现轻量化及小型化的蓄电装置及其制造方法。
本公开的蓄电装置具备多个蓄电单元沿层叠方向层叠的蓄电模块以及收存蓄电模块的壳,蓄电模块中的蓄电单元各自具有在与层叠方向大致正交的方向上延伸的主面,壳包含沿层叠方向支撑在壳中所收存的蓄电模块的支撑部以及设置在与支撑部不同的位置并向主面开口的凹部。
本公开的蓄电装置的制造方法具备沿层叠方向层叠多个蓄电单元来形成蓄电模块的工序、使用夹具在层叠方向上夹持蓄电模块的工序、在通过夹具夹持蓄电模块的状态下将夹具及蓄电模块插入到壳内的工序以及沿层叠方向使蓄电模块被壳支撑的工序,将夹具及蓄电模块插入到壳内的工序包含将夹具插入到设置于壳的凹部,使蓄电模块被壳支撑的工序包含通过设置在与壳中的凹部不同的位置的支撑部约束蓄电模块。
根据与附图关联起来理解的本发明的接下来的详细说明,将明确本发明的上述以及其他目的、特征、方面及优点。
附图说明
图1是示出电池组的结构的分解立体图。
图2是示出在电池模块中所包含的电池单元的图。
图3是示出一个实施方式的电池组中的壳的构造的图。
图4是包含图3中的IV-IV剖面的立体图。
图5是示出电池单元中的约束部的图。
图6是图3中示出的电池组的分解立体图。
图7是示出在图3中示出的电池组的装配时的状态的图。
图8是仅示出在图7中示出的壳及夹具的图。
图9是示出一个实施方式的电池组中的壳的构造的变形例的图。
图10是包含图9中的X-X剖面的立体图。
具体实施方式
以下,说明本公开的实施方式。在以下说明的实施方式中,在提及个数、量等情况下,除非有特别记载的情况,本公开的范围未必限定于该个数、量等。另外,在以下的实施方式中,除非有特别记载的情况,各自的结构要素对于本公开也未必是必须的。
图1是示出电池组1的结构的分解立体图。电池组1包含电池模块100、壳200、导热件300和冷却机构400。
电池模块100(蓄电模块)包含沿Y轴方向(层叠方向)层叠的多个电池单元110(蓄电单元)。
壳200收存电池模块100。壳200可以例如是由铝、镁等金属材料构成的铸造部件(压铸件),也可以是由含有碳的原材料构成的压制成形部件。壳200不限定于上述形式,只要在强度、散热性、导热性等方面满足规定的特性即可。例如,树脂制的壳200的情况也可以。
导热件300设置在电池模块100与壳200之间,促进在电池模块100中发生的热向壳200的传递。
冷却机构400(散热促进机构)促进从壳200的散热。作为一个例子,冷却机构400是包含冷却液流动的流路的水冷式的冷却单元,但是散热促进机构不限定于水冷式的冷却装置,例如也可以使用强制空冷方式、自然散热方式的散热促进机构(散热片等)。
图2是示出在电池模块100中所包含的电池单元110的图。如图2所示,电池单元110包含电极端子111和收容壳112。电极端子111包含正极端子111A和负极端子111B。电极端子111形成在收容壳112之上。在收容壳112中,收容未图示的电极体及电解液。
收容壳112以平坦面状的直方体形状形成。收容壳112具有沿与Y轴方向正交的X-Z平面延伸的主面112A。也就是说,电池单元110是方形单元。
作为一个例子,电池单元110是锂离子电池。电池单元110也可以是镍氢电池等其他电池。另外,在本公开中,“蓄电模块”不限定于电池模块100,代替电池单元110,例如也可以将电容器用作“蓄电单元”。
图3是示出电池组1中的壳200的构造的图。图4是包含图3中的IV-IV剖面的立体图。另外,在图4中,省略了电池模块100的图示。
如图3、图4所示,壳200包含支撑部210、凹部220和空洞230。
支撑部210直接抵接到位于电池模块100的Y轴方向的两个端部的电池单元110的主面112A,沿Y轴方向支撑电池模块100。支撑部210形成在与电池单元110的X轴方向(宽度方向)的中央区域相向的位置处。
凹部220设置于在X轴方向上与支撑部210相邻的位置处。凹部220形成在与电池单元110的X轴方向的两个端部相向的位置处。凹部220向主面112A开口。另外,凹部220的位置不限定于图3所示。另外,凹部220的形状也能够适当变更,代替图3示出的矩形状的凹部220,例如也可以设置具有曲线状的轮廓的凹部220。
凹部220形成为从壳200的上端到底面附近。换言之,凹部220形成为遍及在壳200中所收存的电池模块100的高度方向的整体。凹部220到达至壳200的底面附近,由此能够使凹部220作为壳200内的结露水的存积部或排出流路而发挥功能。该功能在应用水冷方式的冷却机构400的情况下特别有效。另外,在应用强制空冷方式、自然散热方式的冷却的情况下,凹部220也能促进壳200内的对流,并可期待冷却效率的提高。
另外,凹部220不限定于形成为从壳200的上端到底面附近的例子,在壳200的高度方向的一部分形成的情况也可以。
空洞230相对于支撑部210形成在电池模块100的相反侧(壳200的外侧)。换言之,在空洞230的电池模块侧(壳200的内侧)形成支撑电池模块100的支撑部210。支撑部210可以被视为从空洞230的一端到达另一端的两端支撑的梁构造。
如图4所示,通过形成空洞230,支撑部210薄型化,容易在Y轴方向上变形。关于支撑部210,沿Y轴方向,支撑部210能够对电池模块100加力。另外,在本公开中,空洞230未必是必须的要素。
在将电池模块100插入到壳200时,沿Y轴方向对电池模块100施加压缩力。此时,例如在各电池单元110之间与隔离物一起设置可压缩的原材料等,由此能够将电池模块100作为整体在Y轴方向上压缩。在电池模块100插入到壳200中之后,如果卸除上述压缩力,则被压缩的电池模块100的Y轴方向的长度复原,其结果,电池模块100在Y轴方向上按压壳200的内面。针对该按压力的反力成为壳200支撑电池模块100的支撑力。
在使用电池模块100时,由于收容壳112内的电解液的气化等因素,有时收容壳112膨胀。起因于该膨胀的从电池模块100向壳200的按压力及其反力也能够有助于通过壳200的电池模块100的支撑。
如图5所示,包含电池单元110的主面112A中的宽度方向(X轴方向)的中央部的区域成为约束部112B。约束部112B是从壳200的支撑部210承受层叠方向(Y轴方向)的反力而被约束的部分。
约束部112B在收容壳112的高度方向(Z轴方向)上也在从其两端分离的位置处形成。在收容壳112的电极端子111侧,设置本体和封口板的接合部(焊接部),因此通过避开该位置而形成支撑部210及约束部112B,能够实现本体和封口板的接合部的保护。
图6是电池组1的分解立体图。如图6所示,在电池模块100收存到壳200中之后,安装盖构件500。电池模块100收存在通过壳200和盖构件500形成的密封空间中。
图7、图8是示出电池组1的装配时的状态的图。另外,在图8中,省略了电池模块100的图示。
如图7所示,将多个电池单元110沿Y轴方向层叠而形成的电池模块100使用夹具600在Y轴方向上被夹持。在此状态下,电池模块100与夹具600一起插入到壳200内。在此,夹具600插入到凹部220中(参照图8)。
在电池模块100插入到壳200之后,由夹具600产生的压缩力被卸除。由此,电池模块100作为整体在Y轴方向上少许膨胀,在Y轴方向的两端的电池单元110直接抵接到壳200的支撑部210,在Y轴方向上按压支撑部210。通过针对该按压力的反力,电池模块100被支撑部210约束,电池模块100被壳200支撑。
图9是示出电池组1中的壳200的构造的变形例的图。图10是包含图9中的X-X剖面的立体图。另外,在图10中,省略了电池模块100的图示。
在图9示出的变形例中,壳200具有沟部240,沟部240相对于支撑部210在电池模块100的相反侧。沟部240形成为与一侧的凹部220连通。换言之,在沟部240的电池模块100侧(壳200的内侧),形成支撑电池模块100的支撑部210。支撑部210能够被视为从沟部240的一端到达另一端的悬臂梁构造。
通过图9、图10示出的悬臂梁构造,支撑部210也容易在Y轴方向上变形。支撑部210能够对电池模块100沿Y轴方向加力。另外,在本公开中,沟部240未必是必须的要素。
根据本实施方式的电池组1,通过壳200的内面针对电池模块100施加Y轴方向的约束力,能够不设置端板等约束构件而通过壳200保持电池模块100。因此,能够实现电池单元110的稳定的保持,并且实现电池组1的轻量化及小型化。
另外,电池模块100在壳200中被直接保持,因此在电池模块100中发生的热容易传递到壳200。因此,通过从外部冷却壳200,能够有效地冷却电池模块100。
形成于壳200的凹部220能够用于在将电池模块100向壳200插入时插入夹具600。另外,凹部220在完成后的电池组1中能够实现作为壳200内的结露水的存积部或排出流路的功能以及壳200内的空气循环的促进功能等。
另外,在上述的例子中,说明了沿Z轴方向将电池模块100插入到壳200中的方式(纵向插入方式),但是也可以采用使壳200向X轴方向开口并沿X轴方向将电池模块100插入到壳200中的方式(横向插入方式)。在采用横向插入方式的情况下,在Z轴方向上延伸的凹部220未必是必要的。
说明了本发明的实施方式,但是应当认为,本次公开的实施方式在全部的方面是例示性的而非限制性的。本发明的范围通过权利要求书示出,并意图包含与权利要求书等同的意思以及范围内的所有变更。
Claims (12)
1.一种蓄电装置,具备:
蓄电模块,沿层叠方向层叠有多个蓄电单元;以及
壳,收存所述蓄电模块,
所述蓄电模块中的所述蓄电单元各自具有在与所述层叠方向大致正交的方向上延伸的主面,
所述壳包括沿所述层叠方向支撑在所述壳中收存的所述蓄电模块的支撑部、以及设置在与所述支撑部不同的位置并向所述主面开口的凹部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述支撑部直接抵接到所述蓄电单元的所述主面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述支撑部形成在与所述蓄电单元的宽度方向的中央区域相向的位置处,所述凹部形成在与所述蓄电单元的宽度方向的端部相向的位置处。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述凹部形成于所述壳的高度方向的整体。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的任一项所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述蓄电单元具有电极端子以及收容壳,
所述支撑部形成在从收容壳的所述电极端子侧的端部分离的位置处。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述支撑部能够沿所述层叠方向对所述蓄电模块加力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述壳具有空洞,所述空洞相对于所述支撑部在所述蓄电模块的相反侧。
8.根据权利要求6所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述壳具有沟部,所述沟部相对于所述支撑部在所述蓄电模块的相反侧,所述沟部形成为与所述凹部连通。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的蓄电装置,还具备:
散热促进机构,促进从所述壳的散热。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述壳由金属材料或含有碳的原材料构成。
11.一种蓄电装置的制造方法,具备:
沿层叠方向层叠多个蓄电单元来形成蓄电模块的工序;
使用夹具在所述层叠方向上夹持所述蓄电模块的工序;
在通过所述夹具夹持所述蓄电模块的状态下将所述夹具及所述蓄电模块插入到壳内的工序;以及
沿所述层叠方向使所述蓄电模块被所述壳支撑的工序,
将所述夹具及所述蓄电模块插入到所述壳内的工序包含:将所述夹具插入到设置于所述壳的凹部,
使所述蓄电模块被所述壳支撑的工序包含:通过设置在所述壳中的与所述凹部不同的位置的支撑部约束所述蓄电模块。
12.根据权利要求11所述的蓄电装置的制造方法,其中,
使所述蓄电模块被所述壳支撑的工序包含:使所述支撑部直接抵接到所述蓄电单元。
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