CN114106683B - 一种防水保温一体化材料及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防水保温一体化材料及其生产工艺,属于保温材料技术领域,一种防水保温一体化材料由饰面层和保温层复合而成,保温层由聚氨酯材料固化形成;聚氨酯材料为A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1‑1.2混合而成;一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:用聚氨酯发泡机将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化,在制备该材料的过程中,加入了一种纳米填料。该纳米填料是以纳米二氧化硅为基体,通过改性剂对其进行改性,将有机阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂结合,增加阻燃效果,提高无机阻燃剂即纳米二氧化硅的分散率,纳米填料作为填充物,可以提高材料的机械性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保温材料技术领域,具体地,涉及一种防水保温一体化材料及其生产工艺。
背景技术
硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料是一种高性能的保温隔热材料,具有绝热效果好、重量轻、比强度大、施工方便等优良特性,同时还具有隔音、防震、电绝缘、耐热、耐寒、耐溶剂等特点,但聚氨酯和其他大多数高分子材料一样,不耐热,容易被点燃。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中提到的技术问题,本发明提供一种防水保温一体化材料及其生产工艺。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种防水保温一体化材料,由饰面层和保温层复合而成,保温层由聚氨酯材料固化形成;
聚氨酯材料,包括如下步骤制备而成:
步骤S11、按重量份将100份多元醇、5-10份发泡剂、2-5份交联剂、3-6份扩链剂、0.05-0.08份催化剂、0.1-0.2份助剂和10-15份纳米填料混合得到A组分;多异氰酸酯为B组分;
步骤S12、将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1-1.2混合,得到聚氨酯材料。
进一步地,多元醇为羟值为400~470mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇I、羟值为360~500mgKOH/g的聚醚多元醇II等质量混合而成。
进一步地,发泡剂为过氧化氢;交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷、三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、新戊二醇中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合;
催化剂为亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡中的一种;助剂为全氟己基乙基醇,引入含氟基团,提高材料的防水效果;多异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、对苯二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合。
进一步地,纳米填料通过如下步骤制备:
步骤A11、将无水乙醇和氨水混合,在40℃条件下,搅拌2h,加入正硅酸四乙酯,保持温度不变,搅拌反应12h,然加入γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷搅拌,保持温度不变,继续反应6h,然后加热回流2h,反应结束后,将反应液依次用乙醇、甲苯离心洗涤,洗涤结束后的得到氨基化纳米二氧化硅;
步骤A12、将氨基化纳米二氧化硅和二氯甲烷混合,超声分散30min,然后加入改性剂,在20℃、避光条件下搅拌反应30h,反应结束后离心洗涤,洗涤结束后,干燥至恒重,得到纳米填料。
进一步地,步骤A11中氨水的重量分数为28%,无水乙醇、氨水、正硅酸四乙酯和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷的用量体积比为200:11:11:1;步骤A12中氨基化纳米二氧化硅、二氯甲烷和改性剂的用量比为3g:15mL:0.8g。
进一步地,改性剂通过如下步骤制备:
步骤A21、将1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二氯甲烷混合,在20℃条件下搅拌60min,然后加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺搅拌反应48h,反应结束后,用二氯甲烷和去离子水萃取,有机相减压浓缩,除去溶剂、过柱纯化,得到中间体1;
步骤A22、将中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯和乙腈混合,在温度为0℃、氮气保护条件下,加入三乙胺,三乙胺分三次等量加入,每次加入时间的间隔为1.5h,加完后升温至78℃,反应4h,反应结束后,用蒸馏水洗涤,洗涤结束后,在90℃、真空条件下干燥至恒重,得到改性剂。中间体1上的羟基和氯磷酸二苯酯反应,生成磷酸酯类阻燃剂,然后与氨基化纳米二氧化硅反应,将有机阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂结合。
进一步地,步骤A21中1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺和二氯甲烷的用量比为0.8g:1.4g:0.1g:1.1g:10mL;步骤A22中中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯、三乙胺和乙腈的用量比为3.8g:5.4g:1g:40mL。
一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
用聚氨酯发泡机将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化后得到一种防水保温一体化材料。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明中制备了一种防水保温一体化材料,解决了现有技术中聚氨酯和其他大多数高分子材料一样,不耐热,容易被点燃的问题,在制备该材料的过程中,加入了一种纳米填料。该纳米填料是以纳米二氧化硅为基体,通过改性剂对其进行改性,将有机阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂结合,增加阻燃效果,提高无机阻燃剂即纳米二氧化硅的分散率,纳米填料作为填充物,可以提高材料的机械性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
制备改性剂:
步骤A21、将1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二氯甲烷混合,在20℃条件下搅拌60min,然后加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺搅拌反应48h,反应结束后,用二氯甲烷和去离子水萃取,有机相减压浓缩,除去溶剂、过柱纯化,得到中间体1;其中,中1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺和二氯甲烷的用量比为0.8g:1.4g:0.1g:1.1g:10mL;
步骤A22、将中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯和乙腈混合,在温度为0℃、氮气保护条件下,加入三乙胺,三乙胺分三次等量加入,每次加入时间的间隔为1.5h,加完后升温至78℃,反应4h,反应结束后,用蒸馏水洗涤,洗涤结束后,在90℃、真空条件下干燥至恒重,得到改性剂。其中,中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯、三乙胺和乙腈的用量比为3.8g:5.4g:1g:40mL。
实施例2
制备纳米填料:
步骤A11、将无水乙醇和氨水混合,在40℃条件下,搅拌2h,加入正硅酸四乙酯,保持温度不变,搅拌反应12h,然加入γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷搅拌,保持温度不变,继续反应6h,然后加热回流2h,反应结束后,将反应液依次用乙醇、甲苯离心洗涤,洗涤结束后的得到氨基化纳米二氧化硅;
步骤A12、将氨基化纳米二氧化硅和二氯甲烷混合,超声分散30min,然后加入实施例1制得的改性剂,在20℃、避光条件下搅拌反应30h,反应结束后离心洗涤,洗涤结束后,干燥至恒重,得到纳米填料。
进一步地,步骤A11中氨水的重量分数为28%,无水乙醇、氨水、正硅酸四乙酯和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷的用量体积比为200:11:11:1;步骤A12中氨基化纳米二氧化硅、二氯甲烷和改性剂的用量比为3g:15mL:0.8g。
实施例3
一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤S11、按重量份将100份多元醇、5份发泡剂、2份交联剂、3份扩链剂、0.05份催化剂、0.1份助剂和10份纳米填料混合得到A组分;多异氰酸酯为B组分;
步骤S12、将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1混合,得到聚氨酯材料。其中,发泡剂为过氧化氢;交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇;催化剂为亚乙基二胺;助剂为全氟己基乙基醇;多异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸。
步骤S13、用聚氨酯发泡机将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化后得到一种防水保温一体化材料。
实施例4
一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤S11、按重量份将100份多元醇、8份发泡剂、3份交联剂、5份扩链剂、0.06份催化剂、0.2份助剂和12份纳米填料混合得到A组分;多异氰酸酯为B组分;
步骤S12、将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1.1混合,得到聚氨酯材料。其中,发泡剂为过氧化氢;交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇;催化剂为亚乙基二胺;助剂为全氟己基乙基醇;多异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸。
步骤S13、用聚氨酯发泡机将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化后得到一种防水保温一体化材料。
实施例5
一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤S11、按重量份将100份多元醇、10份发泡剂、5份交联剂、6份扩链剂、0.08份催化剂、0.2份助剂和15份纳米填料混合得到A组分;多异氰酸酯为B组分;
步骤S12、将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1.2混合,得到聚氨酯材料。其中,发泡剂为过氧化氢;交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇;催化剂为亚乙基二胺;助剂为全氟己基乙基醇;多异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸。
步骤S13、用聚氨酯发泡机将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化后得到一种防水保温一体化材料。
对比例1
将实施例4中的纳米填料换成纳米二氧化硅,其余原料及制备过程保持不变。
对比例2
将实施例4中的助剂去掉,其余原料及制备过程保持不变。
对实施例3-5和对比例1-2制得的样品进行测试,按照国家标准GB/T10297-2015导热系数,按照国家标准GB8624-2012测试阻燃等级;测试结果如下表1所示:
表1
从上表1可知,本发明制得的一种防水保温一体化材料的在保证了良好的保温防水效果的前提下,阻燃性良好。
在说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种防水保温一体化材料,由饰面层和保温层复合而成,其特征在于,保温层由聚氨酯材料固化形成;聚氨酯材料,包括如下步骤制备而成:
步骤S11、按重量份将100份多元醇、5-10份发泡剂、2-5份交联剂、3-6份扩链剂、0.05-0.08份催化剂、0.1-0.2份助剂和10-15份纳米填料混合得到A组分;多异氰酸酯为B组分;
步骤S12、将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1-1.2混合,得到聚氨酯材料;
纳米填料通过如下步骤制备:
步骤A21、将1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶和二氯甲烷混合,在20℃条件下搅拌60min,然后加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺搅拌反应48h,反应结束后,用二氯甲烷和去离子水萃取,有机相减压浓缩,除去溶剂、过柱纯化,得到中间体1;
步骤A22、将中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯和乙腈混合,在温度为0℃、氮气保护条件下,加入三乙胺,加完后升温至78℃,反应4h,反应结束后,用蒸馏水洗涤,洗涤结束后,在90℃、真空条件下干燥至恒重,得到改性剂;
将氨基化纳米二氧化硅和二氯甲烷混合,超声分散30min,然后加入改性剂,在20℃、避光条件下搅拌反应30h,反应结束后离心洗涤,洗涤结束后,干燥至恒重,得到纳米填料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化材料,其特征在于,氨基化纳米二氧化硅、二氯甲烷和改性剂的用量比为3g:15mL:0.8g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化材料,其特征在于,助剂为全氟己基乙基醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化材料,其特征在于,发泡剂为过氧化氢;交联剂为三羟甲基丙烷、三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合;扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、新戊二醇中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合;催化剂为亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡中的一种;多异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、对苯二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种按照任意比例混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化材料,其特征在于,步骤A21中1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4,4-双(4-羟基苯基)戊酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺和二氯甲烷的用量比为0.8g:1.4g:0.1g:1.1g:10mL;步骤A22中中间体1、氯磷酸二苯酯、三乙胺和乙腈的用量比为3.8g:5.4g:1g:40mL。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水保温一体化材料的生产工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将聚氨酯材料喷涂于饰面层表面,再压平,固化后得到一种防水保温一体化材料。
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