CN114097671A - Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114097671A CN114097671A CN202210000615.9A CN202210000615A CN114097671A CN 114097671 A CN114097671 A CN 114097671A CN 202210000615 A CN202210000615 A CN 202210000615A CN 114097671 A CN114097671 A CN 114097671A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pond
- fry
- fish
- stocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241001677838 Cyprinus carpio nudus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 15
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001275921 Gymnocypris przewalskii Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000252231 Cyprinus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001558017 Gynura Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of Qilian mountain naked carp fingerlings, in particular to an artificial breeding method of Qilian mountain naked carp fry fingerlings, summarizes the environmental conditions, daily management, disease prevention and control and other technologies of the Qilian mountain naked carp fry fingerlings in two breeding stages of a pond still water and a running water pond, and has important significance for improving the survival rate of the Qilian mountain naked carp fry fingerlings, reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving the fry quality. The breeding technology of the invention artificially breeds more than 50 ten thousand Ke of Qilian mountain naked carp fry every year, and the survival rate reaches more than 85 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of Qilian mountain naked carp fingerlings, in particular to an artificial breeding method of Qilian mountain naked carp fingerlings.
Background
The Qilian mountain naked carp is a unique wild native fish in our province, is famous due to slow growth, unique quality and rare resource amount, and is one of the wild fishes which are mainly protected in our province. In recent years, since the wild resource amount of Gymnocypris przewalskii in black river region is sharply reduced, Gymnocypris przewalskii is in endangered state and needs to be protected. The fry breeding technology of a large number of freshwater fishes is quite mature and widely applied, while the fry breeding technology of native fishes has certain difficulty, particularly the breeding of Gymnocypris przewalskii fries, and before the technology of the invention is applied, the manual breeding aspect of the fries still belongs to the blank field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an artificial breeding method of naked carp fry in Qilianshan, which can effectively increase the population quantity of the fry, supplement and recover biological resources of the fry, improve the aquatic organism population structure in black river basin, maintain the biological diversity, protect the species and improve the water quality and the ecological environment of water areas by carrying out proliferation and releasing on the artificially bred fry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an artificial breeding method for naked carp fry of Qilian mountain comprises the following steps:
s1 pretreatment of pond
S1.1 Pond cleaning
Draining the water in the pool, exposing the bottom of the pool to kill aquatic insects and wild trash fishes, cleaning sundries and aquatic weeds, checking water inlet and drainage facilities and ensuring smoothness;
s1.2 Pond Disinfection
After the pond is cleared, adding water to 0.1-0.2 m, then dissolving quicklime into lime water, sprinkling the lime water in the hot pond, wherein the dosage is 150 kg per mu, and the pH value (pH value) of the pond water body is more than 11;
s1.3 addition of Water
Adding water into the fishpond seven days after the fishpond is disinfected, adding the water to 0.6-0.8 m for the first time, and filtering the water inlet by using a dense mesh net with the mesh size smaller than 1.5 mm when water is added, so as to prevent aquatic insects and wild trash fish from entering;
s1.4 fertilization
Fertilizing water paste 2 kg per mu into the pond seven days before fish placement, and ensuring that bait biomass in the pond is kept between 5000/L and 10000/L of rotifers when fish fries are put into the pond;
s1.5 removing wild trash fish
Before stocking the fry, pulling the fry net with the mesh size of 1.5 mm in a pool for 1 to 2 times to remove wild trash fish, tadpoles and aquatic insects, and if the wild trash fish or enemy organisms in the water are found, cleaning the pool again;
s2 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in soil pond
Transferring the water flower fry of the Qilian naked carp to an earth pond for cultivation when the water temperature of the pond reaches more than 18 ℃ in ten-day 4 months
S2.1 fry stocking
Yolk sacs disappear, and the Qilian naked carp fries with the length of 1.5 cm-2 cm adopt a single-culture pond culture mode, the fries are bred in the same batch when being put into a pond, the temperature difference between two water environments does not exceed 2 ℃, and the fries are selected to be put into the pond at the windward part of the fish pond;
s2.2 stocking density
The number of the fry of the naked cyprinus przewalskii in water is 10 ten thousand per mu;
s2.3 fry feeding
After fry are put in a suitable place for breeding, 2 kg/mu to 3 kg/mu of soybeans are fed every day, the soybeans are ground into soybean milk, and the soybean milk is splashed into the whole pool for 2 to 3 times after bean dregs are filtered out; the soybeans are increased to 3 kg/mu-4 kg/mu every day after one week; after 15 days, after the density of the rotifer is reduced, floating compound feed (the compound pellet feed is required to meet the specification of NY 5072) is used for net hanging and fixed-point feeding (the fish is kneaded into a ball shape and fed in a bait net bag), and the daily bait feeding amount is 5-8% of the weight of the fish;
s2.4 daily management
Patrol pond
After stocking the fries, patrolling the pond once every morning, noon and evening, observing the water quality and the activity of the fries, removing harmful organisms such as weeds, trash fish, tadpoles and the like in time, checking the ingestion condition and the growth condition of the fries and the existence of diseases and insect pests, taking measures in time when finding problems, and making a record;
water quality regulation
Dissolving quicklime into lime water every 10-15 days, and sprinkling the lime water into the hot lime water in the whole pool, wherein the dosage is 15 k per mu, and the pH value of the pool water is kept to be 7-8.
After fry stocking, adding fresh water once every 7 to 10 days, keeping the water depth at 1.0 to 1.2 m and keeping the water quality fresh.
Measuring dissolved oxygen once every morning (6-7 points), and starting an aerator timely to keep the dissolved oxygen to be more than 4 mg/L;
s3 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in running water pond
S3.1 stocking of fish fries
When the water temperature of the pond exceeds 25 ℃ in late June ten days, transferring the fry with the length of 4-5 cm to a running water pond with the water temperature of 16-20 ℃ for cultivation; when the fry is transported, plastic bags, nylon bags or colloid bags are adopted for oxygen-charging transportation, 3000-7000 fish are packed in each bag (the specification is 55 cm multiplied by 90 cm), the transportation temperature is 15-20 ℃, after the fry arrives at the destination, the fish-packing bags are directly put into water without being opened for seedling slowing for about 30 min, and when the water temperature of the transportation bags is consistent with that of the running water pond, the bag openings are opened, and the fry is slowly put into the running water pond for culture;
s3.2 daily management
Management of water flow
Natural water flow is adopted for supplying water, the flow speed is adjusted to be kept between 10 cm/s and 15 cm/s, water exchange is carried out for 2 times/h to 3 times/h, the flowing water is closed for 10 min to 30 min during feeding, the flow speed is increased during pollution discharge, and residual bait and sewage are concentrated to a sewage discharge outlet and discharged;
water temperature management
After the fry are opened, the temperature of the water in the culture water body is kept between 18 and 21 ℃ by utilizing heating equipment or sun-shading facilities;
fish pond management
In order to ensure that the fry is sufficiently ingested, overfeeding is needed, residual baits and dirt are cleaned in time, the environment in the pond is kept good, the pond is cleaned at least 1-2 times every day, the pond is cleaned carefully and gently during operation, and the fry is prevented from being injured as much as possible.
Feeding management
Feeding for 6-8 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is properly adjusted according to the ingestion condition of the fry, the residual bait and excrement are removed in time, the water outlet fish blocking fence is dredged, the culture environment is kept clean, and the water flow is smooth; establishing aquaculture records, and sampling once every 2 weeks to accurately record management items such as stocking mantissas, dead fish mantissas, pond storage mantissas, total weight of pond fish, medication condition and the like;
s3.3, reasonable fish disease prevention and treatment are carried out.
Furthermore, the area of the soil pond is 1 mu to 2 mu, the water depth is 1.0 m to 1.5 m, the sludge depth is 10 cm to 15 cm, the water quality meets the regulation of GB 11607, water injection and drainage, feeding and oxygenation equipment is required to be equipped, and the dissolved oxygen in the pond is greater than 4 mg/L.
Furthermore, river water, snow mountain melt water and the like can be used as water sources of the running water pond, the water quality requires that the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6 mg/L, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and other indexes meet the regulations of GB 11607 and NY 5051.
Furthermore, an oxygen increasing facility is arranged in the running water pond, a sun shading facility is arranged outside the running water pond, the inner wall is required to be smooth, the bottom of the pond is rounded, the bottom slope is reduced by 3% -5%, water is injected into the pond, water is drained under the pond, water is injected into the pond in a single injection and single row, the water injection mainly depends on the natural flow of a water body, a water drainage system comprises a fish blocking net cover and an overflow port, and the net mesh of the fish blocking net cover is suitable for preventing fish from escaping and discharging sewage smoothly.
The scheme provides a technical basis for large-scale production of breeding of naked carp fries in Qilian mountain in future, and has important significance in production. Through a standardized cultivation technology, the yield and the germplasm of the fry of Gymnocypris przewalskii are stably improved, the survival rate is greatly improved to over 85 percent, high-quality fries are provided for the proliferation and releasing of native fishes in the black river basin, and the ecological benefit is remarkable.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
An artificial breeding method for naked carp fry of Qilian mountain comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating a soil pond, wherein the area of the soil pond is 1-2 mu, the water depth is 1.0-1.5 m, the sludge depth is 10-15 cm, the water quality meets the GB 11607 specification, water injection and drainage, bait feeding and oxygenation equipment is required to be equipped, and the dissolved oxygen in the pond is larger than 4 mg/L;
s1.1 Pond cleaning
Draining the water in the pool, exposing the bottom of the pool to kill aquatic insects and wild trash fishes, cleaning sundries and aquatic weeds, checking water inlet and drainage facilities and ensuring smoothness;
s1.2 Pond Disinfection
After the pond is cleared, adding water to 0.1-0.2 m, then dissolving quicklime into lime water, sprinkling the lime water in the hot pond, wherein the dosage is 150 kg per mu, and the pH value (pH value) of the pond water body is more than 11;
s1.3 addition of Water
Adding water into the fishpond seven days after the fishpond is disinfected, adding the water to 0.6-0.8 m for the first time, and filtering the water inlet by using a dense mesh net with the mesh size smaller than 1.5 mm when water is added, so as to prevent aquatic insects and wild trash fish from entering;
s1.4 fertilization
Fertilizing water paste 2 kg per mu into the pond seven days before fish placement, and ensuring that bait biomass in the pond is kept between 5000/L and 10000/L of rotifers when fish fries are put into the pond;
s1.5 removing wild trash fish
Before stocking the fry, pulling the fry net with the mesh size of 1.5 mm in a pool for 1 to 2 times to remove wild trash fish, tadpoles and aquatic insects, and if the wild trash fish or enemy organisms in the water are found, cleaning the pool again;
s2 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in soil pond
Transferring the fry of Gynura przewalskii in the late 4 th ten days to an earth pond for cultivation when the water temperature reaches above 18 deg.C, wherein the water pond cultivation refers to transferring the fry to a water pond with low water temperature for cultivation when the water temperature reaches 25 deg.C
S2.1 fry stocking
Yolk sacs disappear, and the Qilian naked carp fries with the length of 1.5 cm-2 cm adopt a single-culture pond culture mode, the fries are bred in the same batch when being put into a pond, the temperature difference between two water environments does not exceed 2 ℃, and the fries are selected to be put into the pond at the windward part of the fish pond;
s2.2 stocking density
The number of the fry of the naked cyprinus przewalskii in water is 10 ten thousand per mu;
s2.3 fry feeding
After fry are put in a suitable place for breeding, 2 kg/mu to 3 kg/mu of soybeans are fed every day, the soybeans are ground into soybean milk, and the soybean milk is splashed into the whole pool for 2 to 3 times after bean dregs are filtered out; the soybeans are increased to 3 kg/mu-4 kg/mu every day after one week; after 15 days, after the density of the rotifer is reduced, floating compound feed (the compound pellet feed is required to meet the specification of NY 5072) is used for net hanging and fixed-point feeding (the fish is kneaded into a ball shape and fed in a bait net bag), and the daily bait feeding amount is 5-8% of the weight of the fish;
s2.4 daily management
Patrol pond
After stocking the fries, patrolling the pond once every morning, noon and evening, observing the water quality and the activity of the fries, removing harmful organisms such as weeds, trash fish, tadpoles and the like in time, checking the ingestion condition and the growth condition of the fries and the existence of diseases and insect pests, taking measures in time when finding problems, and making a record;
water quality regulation
Dissolving quicklime into lime water every 10-15 days, and sprinkling the lime water into the hot lime water in the whole pool, wherein the dosage is 15 k per mu, and the pH value of the pool water is kept to be 7-8.
After fry stocking, adding fresh water once every 7 to 10 days, keeping the water depth at 1.0 to 1.2 m and keeping the water quality fresh.
Measuring dissolved oxygen once every morning (6-7 points), and starting an aerator timely to keep the dissolved oxygen to be more than 4 mg/L;
s3 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in running water pond
River water, snow mountain melt water and the like can be used as water sources of running water ponds, the water quality requires that the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6 mg/L, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and other indexes meet the regulations of GB 11607 and NY 5051; the interior oxygenation facility of establishing in the flowing water pond, take sunshade facility outward, require that the inner wall is smooth, the bottom of the pool fillet, 3% ~ 5% falls in the bottom slope, adopt water injection on the pond, pond drainage down, single notes single row, the water injection mainly relies on the natural flow of water, and drainage system includes blocking fish screen panel and gap, blocks fish screen panel mesh and does not flee the fish, the blowdown is unobstructed as the suitable.
S3.1 stocking of fish fries
When the water temperature of the pond exceeds 25 ℃ in late June ten days, transferring the fry with the length of 4-5 cm to a running water pond with the water temperature of 16-20 ℃ for cultivation; when the fry is transported, plastic bags, nylon bags or colloid bags are adopted for oxygen-charging transportation, 3000-7000 fish are packed in each bag (the specification is 55 cm multiplied by 90 cm), the transportation temperature is 15-20 ℃, after the fry arrives at the destination, the fish-packing bags are directly put into water without being opened for seedling slowing for about 30 min, and when the water temperature of the transportation bags is consistent with that of the running water pond, the bag openings are opened, and the fry is slowly put into the running water pond for culture;
s3.2 daily management
Management of water flow
Natural water flow is adopted for supplying water, the flow speed is adjusted to be kept between 10 cm/s and 15 cm/s, water exchange is carried out for 2 times/h to 3 times/h, the flowing water is closed for 10 min to 30 min during feeding, the flow speed is increased during pollution discharge, and residual bait and sewage are concentrated to a sewage discharge outlet and discharged;
water temperature management
After the fry are opened, the temperature of the water in the culture water body is kept between 18 and 21 ℃ by utilizing heating equipment or sun-shading facilities;
fish pond management
In order to ensure that the fry is sufficiently ingested, overfeeding is needed, residual baits and dirt are cleaned in time, the environment in the pond is kept good, the pond is cleaned at least 1-2 times every day, the pond is cleaned carefully and gently during operation, and the fry is prevented from being injured as much as possible.
Feeding management
Feeding for 6-8 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is properly adjusted according to the ingestion condition of the fry, the residual bait and excrement are removed in time, the water outlet fish blocking fence is dredged, the culture environment is kept clean, and the water flow is smooth; establishing aquaculture records (the format is shown in attached table 1), sampling once every 2 weeks, and accurately recording management items such as stocking mantissas, dead fish mantissas, pond mantissas, total weight of pond fish, medication condition and the like;
TABLE 1
S3.3 reasonable fish disease control is carried out, see Table 2.
TABLE 2 common diseases of Gymnocypris przewalskii fry and prevention and treatment method thereof
Test data
Aiming at artificially cultivated Keemun mountain naked carp fries, cultivation mode comparison (table 3), stocking density comparison (table 4) and heat resistance gradient test (table 5) are carried out.
TABLE 3 comparison test of cultivation mode of Gymnocypris przewalskii fry
Test results show that in the cultivation mode, the whole cultivation process adopts a single mode of 'running water pond cultivation' or 'still water soil pond cultivation', and the survival rate is low. And the survival rate can be improved to 85 percent by adopting a mode of 'static water-soil pond + flowing water pond sectional cultivation'.
TABLE 4 stocking Density test of bare Cyprinus przewalskii in still water and soil pond
The result of a stocking density contrast test shows that the survival rate of 10 thousands of stockings in each mu of pond is optimal, and the survival rate is reduced due to overhigh or overlow stocking density.
TABLE 5 Heat resistance test of naked Cyprinus przewalskii fry
The heat resistance test result shows that the survival limit water temperature of the Qilian mountain naked carp is 25 ℃; the optimal growth water temperature is 23 ℃.
Results of application
The technical regulation is mature and applied in Linze production base of Gansu native fish culture and development Limited company, the fry of Gynecopa przewalskii is artificially cultured for more than 50 thousands of fries every year, the cultured fries are supplied to black rivers, Shule rivers and Shiyang rivers, black river, Wuwei city and other black rivers for proliferation and release activities, and the cumulative release and expansion of Gymnocypris przewalskii resources in the black river rivers exceeds 300 thousands of fries.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An artificial breeding method for fry of Gymnocypris przewalskii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 pretreatment of pond
S1.1 Pond cleaning
Draining the water in the pool, exposing the bottom of the pool to kill aquatic insects and wild trash fishes, cleaning sundries and aquatic weeds, checking water inlet and drainage facilities and ensuring smoothness;
s1.2 Pond Disinfection
After the pond is cleared, adding water to 0.1-0.2 m, then dissolving quicklime into lime water, sprinkling the lime water in the hot pond, wherein the dosage is 150 kg per mu, and the pH value of the pond water body is more than 11;
s1.3 addition of Water
Adding water into the fishpond seven days after the fishpond is disinfected, adding the water to 0.6-0.8 m for the first time, and filtering the water inlet by using a dense mesh net with the mesh size smaller than 1.5 mm when water is added, so as to prevent aquatic insects and wild trash fish from entering;
s1.4 fertilization
Fertilizing water paste 2 kg per mu into the pond seven days before fish placement, and ensuring that bait biomass in the pond is kept between 5000/L and 10000/L of rotifers when fish fries are put into the pond;
s1.5 removing wild trash fish
Before stocking the fry, pulling the fry net with the mesh size of 1.5 mm in a pool for 1 to 2 times to remove wild trash fish, tadpoles and aquatic insects, and if the wild trash fish or enemy organisms in the water are found, cleaning the pool again;
s2 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in soil pond
Transferring the water flower fry of the Qilian naked carp to an earth pond for cultivation when the water temperature of the pond reaches more than 18 ℃ in ten-day 4 months
S2.1 fry stocking
Yolk sacs disappear, and the Qilian naked carp fries with the length of 1.5 cm-2 cm adopt a single-culture pond culture mode, the fries are bred in the same batch when being put into a pond, the temperature difference between two water environments does not exceed 2 ℃, and the fries are selected to be put into the pond at the windward part of the fish pond;
s2.2 stocking density
The number of the fry of the naked cyprinus przewalskii in water is 10 ten thousand per mu;
s2.3 fry feeding
After fry are put in a suitable place for breeding, 2 kg/mu to 3 kg/mu of soybeans are fed every day, the soybeans are ground into soybean milk, and the soybean milk is splashed into the whole pool for 2 to 3 times after bean dregs are filtered out; the soybeans are increased to 3 kg/mu-4 kg/mu every day after one week; after 15 days, after the density of the rotifer is reduced, floating compound feed (the compound pellet feed is required to meet the specification of NY 5072) is used for net hanging and fixed-point feeding (the fish is kneaded into a ball shape and fed in a bait net bag), and the daily bait feeding amount is 5-8% of the weight of the fish;
s2.4 daily management
Patrol pond
After stocking the fry, patrolling the pond in the morning, in the middle and at night every day, observing the water quality and the activity of the fry, removing harmful organisms in time, checking the ingestion condition and the growth condition of the fry and the existence of diseases and insect pests, taking measures in time when finding problems, and making a record;
water quality regulation
Dissolving quicklime into lime water every 10-15 days, and sprinkling the lime water into the hot lime water in the whole pool, wherein the dosage is 15 k per mu, and the pH value of the pool water is kept to be 7-8.
2. After fry stocking, adding fresh water once every 7 to 10 days, keeping the water depth at 1.0 to 1.2 m and keeping the water quality fresh.
3. Measuring dissolved oxygen once at 6-7 points every morning, and starting an aerator timely to keep the dissolved oxygen to be more than 4 mg/L;
s3 cultivation of Qilian mountain naked carp fry in running water pond
S3.1 stocking of fish fries
When the water temperature of the pond exceeds 25 ℃ in late June ten days, transferring the fry with the length of 4-5 cm to a running water pond with the water temperature of 16-20 ℃ for cultivation; when the fry is transported, plastic bags, nylon bags or colloid bags are adopted for oxygen-charging transportation, 3000-7000 fish are packed in each bag (the specification is 55 cm multiplied by 90 cm), the transportation temperature is 15-20 ℃, after the fry arrives at the destination, the fish-packing bags are directly put into water without being opened for seedling slowing for about 30 min, and when the water temperature of the transportation bags is consistent with that of the running water pond, the bag openings are opened, and the fry is slowly put into the running water pond for culture;
s3.2 daily management
Management of water flow
Adopting natural water flow to supply water, adjusting and maintaining the flow velocity to be 10-15 cm/s, exchanging water for 2-3 times/h, closing the flow water for 10-30 min during feeding, increasing the flow velocity during pollution discharge, and concentrating residual bait and dirt to a sewage discharge outlet to discharge;
water temperature management
After the fry are opened, the temperature of the water in the culture water body is kept between 18 and 21 ℃ by utilizing heating equipment or sun-shading facilities;
fish pond management
The pond is cleaned at least 1-2 times every day, and the pond cleaning operation needs to be carefully and gently carried out, so that fry injury is avoided as much as possible.
4. Feeding management
Feeding for 6-8 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is properly adjusted according to the ingestion condition of the fry, the residual bait and excrement are removed in time, the water outlet fish blocking fence is dredged, the culture environment is kept clean, and the water flow is smooth; establishing an aquaculture record, and sampling once every 2 weeks to accurately record stocking mantissas, dead fish mantissas, pond storing mantissas, total weight of pond fish and drug use conditions;
s3.3, reasonable fish disease prevention and treatment are carried out.
5. The artificial breeding method of naked carp fry and fingerlings of Kenqin mountain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area of the pond is 1-2 mu, the depth of water is 1.0-1.5 m, the depth of sludge is 10-15 cm, the water quality meets GB 11607 regulations, water injection and drainage, bait feeding and oxygenation equipment are equipped, and the dissolved oxygen in the pond is greater than 4 mg/L.
6. The artificial breeding method of Gymnocypris przewalskii fry and fingerling of claim 1, wherein river water, snow mountain melt water and the like can be used as water sources of running water ponds, the water quality requires that the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6 mg/L, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and other indexes meet the regulations of GB 11607 and NY 5051.
7. The artificial breeding method of fry and fingerlings of Gymnocypris przewalskii according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen increasing facility is arranged in a running water pond, a sun shading facility is arranged outside the running water pond, the inner wall is required to be smooth, the bottom of the pond is rounded, the bottom slope is reduced by 3% -5%, water is injected into the pond and drained under the pond, the water is injected into the pond and is discharged in a single-injection and single-row mode, the water injection mainly depends on the natural flow of water, a water drainage system comprises a fish blocking net cover and an overflow port, and the net mesh of the fish blocking net cover is suitable for preventing fish from escaping and discharging sewage smoothly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210000615.9A CN114097671A (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210000615.9A CN114097671A (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114097671A true CN114097671A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
Family
ID=80363835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210000615.9A Pending CN114097671A (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114097671A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH089821A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-16 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Breeding of fish fry |
| CN102106286A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-06-29 | 史建全 | Method for culturing gymnocypris przewalskii 1+ year fingerling in pond |
| CN102187835A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-21 | 史建全 | Cultivating method of Gymnocypris przewalskii spring fingerlings |
| CN113854207A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2021-12-31 | 甘肃土著鱼类养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of Gymnocypris przewalskii |
-
2022
- 2022-01-04 CN CN202210000615.9A patent/CN114097671A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH089821A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-16 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Breeding of fish fry |
| CN102106286A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-06-29 | 史建全 | Method for culturing gymnocypris przewalskii 1+ year fingerling in pond |
| CN102187835A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-09-21 | 史建全 | Cultivating method of Gymnocypris przewalskii spring fingerlings |
| CN113854207A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2021-12-31 | 甘肃土著鱼类养殖开发有限公司 | Artificial propagation method of Gymnocypris przewalskii |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 史健全等: "《青海湖裸鲤资源监测与淡水全人工养殖技术》", 31 July 2012, 青海民族出版社 * |
| 青海湖裸鲤救助中心: "《青海湖及青海湖裸鲤论文集1990-2011》", 31 May 2012 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101057563B (en) | Novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation | |
| CN104855310B (en) | Acrossocheilus fasciatus simulated ecological factory large scale breeding and domestication method | |
| CN104285868B (en) | A kind of ecological cultivation method of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low Fish-shrimp mix-culture | |
| CN103461248A (en) | Fish fry cultivation method of acrossocheilus yunnanensis | |
| CN104430095A (en) | Fresh water farming method of penaeus vannamei boone | |
| CN106417114B (en) | River snail, black carp Collocation cultivation improve the ecological environmental-protection cultivation method of black carp yield | |
| CN110558257A (en) | method for carrying out comprehensive culture of channel catfish in pond industrialized system | |
| CN111226836A (en) | Method for cultivating mandarin fish by artificial ecological arrangement of pond net cage and compound feed | |
| CN101946728B (en) | High-yield large-scale breeding method carried out by scientifically utilizing autumn cannon-head macrobrachium nipponense larvae | |
| CN106035177B (en) | Soft-shelled turtle, eel, fish, lotus symbiosis breeding method | |
| CN1739345A (en) | High pond domestication and culture method | |
| CN107646766B (en) | Industrial high-efficiency seedling raising method for freshwater shrimps | |
| CN106259068B (en) | A kind of polyculture method of Holothuria scabra and Penaeus Vannmei tank interior | |
| CN1401225A (en) | Method for overwintering and intermidiate breeding clam fry | |
| CN106332822A (en) | River crab and leech intercropping method | |
| CN106937616A (en) | One kind incubates Odontobutis obscura technology using the production of separate single nest | |
| CN207948595U (en) | A kind of intensive ecological efficient sturgeon cultivation combination pond | |
| CN114097671A (en) | Artificial breeding method for fry and fingerlings of Qilian mountain naked carp | |
| CN114982685A (en) | Pond ecological breeding method for macrobrachium rosenbergii | |
| CN111316942B (en) | Large-scale cultivation method for preventing and controlling invasion of foreign marine shellfish organisms | |
| CN114982682A (en) | Method for compound ecological breeding of blue crabs in pond | |
| CN108338100A (en) | A kind of intensive ecological efficient sturgeon cultivation combination pond and its cultural method | |
| Yaqing et al. | The status of mariculture in northern China | |
| CN109329132B (en) | Method for breeding big mudskipper in mangrove forest area | |
| CN106332811A (en) | Grouper breeding technology and method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |