CN114089524A - ZOOM ZOOM optical system with three-piece type spherical mirror capable of continuously changing magnification and zooming - Google Patents
ZOOM ZOOM optical system with three-piece type spherical mirror capable of continuously changing magnification and zooming Download PDFInfo
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- CN114089524A CN114089524A CN202210034652.1A CN202210034652A CN114089524A CN 114089524 A CN114089524 A CN 114089524A CN 202210034652 A CN202210034652 A CN 202210034652A CN 114089524 A CN114089524 A CN 114089524A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-piece type spherical mirror ZOOM ZOOM optical system, which relates to the technical field of laser processing and comprises a high-power optical fiber coupling laser light-emitting point, a collimation unit and a focusing unit which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of a main optical axis, wherein the collimation unit comprises a first biconvex lens, a first meniscus lens and a second meniscus lens 3 which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the main optical axis, the optical axes of the first biconvex lens, the first meniscus lens and the second meniscus lens 3 are coaxial and collinear, and the first biconvex lens is fixed and immovable. The invention realizes continuous zooming and zooming of the optical system by the position movement of the three spherical mirrors. The problem that the cutting focus drifts due to the instability of an image plane in the traditional scheme is avoided. Because the collimation unit and the focusing unit are separated, the optical lens unit belongs to a finite distance conjugate optical system, and is very convenient for mechanism design and maintenance and replacement of the optical lens unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a three-piece type spherical mirror ZOOM ZOOM optical system.
Background
Laser cutting is an important technology in the field of laser processing application at present, and the principle of the laser cutting is that a focused high-power-density laser beam is utilized to irradiate a plate to be processed, so that the irradiated material is rapidly melted or gasified, meanwhile, the melted substance of the material is blown off by gas, a hole is formed on a workpiece, and then the whole cutting process is completed through the relative movement of a laser cutting head and the processed workpiece. Laser cutting generally consists of two parts, laser perforation and laser cutting. In order to improve efficiency during laser perforation, it is desirable that the laser focus be lowered to a suitable negative defocus position in real time with the perforation process. The amount of defocus required varies from material to material. The farther the cutting nozzle is from the workpiece, the better the laser perforation penetrates, to avoid splashing of molten workpiece material and contamination of the lens. In the cutting process, the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece is small, generally 0.5-1.5 mm, and the distance is favorable for assisting the gas to blow off molten substances of the material. Traditional laser cutting is punched inefficiently, and pollutes the lens easily, and the position of laser focus also can't be adjusted to the mode of whole lift cutting head to reach quick fenestrate purpose.
In laser cutting, the adjustment of the size of a light spot has certain help for cutting plates with different plate thicknesses. When the thin plate is cut, a focal spot with small spot diameter and high energy density is generally adopted, the obtained cutting seam is narrow, the cutting efficiency is high, and the method plays an important role in high-speed cutting. When thick plate cutting is carried out, the focal spot with large spot diameter is generally adopted, the obtained cutting seam is wide, the melted metal material is blown away, meanwhile, larger focal depth can be obtained, the verticality of the cutting end surface is good, and the cutting quality can be greatly improved. The traditional laser cutting head adapts to workpieces made of materials with different thicknesses in a mode of manually replacing a focusing lens. Although the traditional zooming method can adjust the focal position, the focal size and the focal depth can only be changed in a small range, and the size of the focal spot cannot be actively changed. Therefore, in the laser cutting process, the control of the size and the focus position of a laser focal spot is a very key technology, namely the size and the focus position of the laser spot are accurately controlled by a certain variable-focal-spot and variable-focal-distance technology, and the laser cutting head can cut plates with different thicknesses and types without manual intervention, so that the cutting head efficiency and the cutting quality are greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing a three-piece spherical mirror ZOOM ZOOM optical system which has simple structure and low cost, can independently adjust the size and the position of a focal spot and can be suitable for cutting plates with different thicknesses.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a continuous ZOOM ZOOM optical system that becomes doubly of three formula spherical mirrors, includes high power fiber coupling laser that sets gradually along the transmission direction of primary optic axis and goes out light spot, collimation unit and focus cell, the collimation unit includes first biconvex lens, first meniscus lens and the second meniscus lens 3 that sets gradually along the transmission direction of primary optic axis, the coaxial collineation of optical axis of first biconvex lens, first meniscus lens and second meniscus lens 3, first biconvex lens is fixed, can not remove.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the first biconvex lens, the first meniscus lens and the second meniscus lens 3 are all optical spherical surfaces.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the first biconvex lens, the first meniscus lens and the second meniscus lens 3 are all made of low-hydroxyl artificially synthesized quartz.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the first biconvex lens and the first meniscus lens is an effective focal length F1, the distance between the focusing unit and the focusing point of the laser beam is an effective focal length F2 of the focusing unit, and the ratio k of F1 to F2 is 1/1.5-1/4.5.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the effective focal length value F2 ranges from 120 mm to 250 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes continuous zooming and zooming of the optical system by the position movement of the three spherical mirrors. The problem that the cutting focus drifts due to the instability of an image plane in the traditional scheme is avoided. Because the collimation unit and the focusing unit are separated, the optical lens unit belongs to a finite distance conjugate optical system, and is very convenient for mechanism design and maintenance and replacement of the optical lens unit. The first biconvex lens, the first meniscus lens and the second meniscus lens are made of low-hydroxyl artificially synthesized quartz, so that the absorption rate of laser is low, and the thermal lens effect can be avoided; the quartz has high transmittance at the laser wavelength, so that unstable processing caused by too fast temperature rise of the lens is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ZOOM optical system with continuously variable magnification and zooming of three-piece spherical mirror in the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ZOOM optical system with continuously variable magnification and zooming of three-piece spherical mirror in the second embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ZOOM optical system with ZOOM and ZOOM continuously variable by three pieces of spherical mirrors in the third embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ZOOM optical system with continuously variable magnification and zooming of a three-piece spherical mirror in the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ZOOM optical system with continuously variable magnification and zooming of a three-piece spherical mirror in the fifth embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a ZOOM optical system with continuously variable magnification and zooming of a three-piece spherical mirror in the sixth embodiment;
labeled as: 1. a first biconvex lens; 2. a first meniscus lens; 3. a second meniscus lens; 4. a focusing unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The embodiment of the application provides a ZOOM ZOOM optical system is become times in succession to three formula spherical mirrors, and this three formula spherical mirrors ZOOM ZOOM optical system in succession becomes times includes that the high power fiber coupling laser that sets gradually along the transmission direction of primary optic axis goes out light spot, collimation unit and focusing unit 4, the collimation unit includes first biconvex lens 1, first meniscus lens 2 and the second meniscus lens 3 that set gradually along the transmission direction of primary optic axis, the coaxial collineation of optical axis of first biconvex lens 1, first meniscus lens 2 and second meniscus lens 3, first biconvex lens 1 is fixed, can not remove.
The high-power optical fiber coupling output laser emits a divergent laser beam from the light emitting point, and the laser beam reaches the first meniscus lens 2 after being converged by the first biconvex lens 1. The first meniscus lens 2 diverges the converged laser beam into a divergent laser beam. The divergent laser beam is collimated by the second meniscus lens 3 and finally focused into a point at the processing plane by a focusing unit 4 with a fixed focal length.
On the basis, the first biconvex lens 1, the first meniscus lens 2 and the second meniscus lens 3 are all optical spherical surfaces. The optical spherical surface has low cost on the premise of meeting the requirements of zooming.
On the basis, the first biconvex lens 1, the first meniscus lens 2 and the second meniscus lens 3 are all made of low-hydroxyl artificially synthesized quartz.
The first biconvex lens 1, the first meniscus lens 2 and the second meniscus lens 3 are made of low-hydroxyl artificially synthesized quartz, so that the absorption rate of laser is low, and the thermal lens effect can be avoided; the quartz has high transmittance at the laser wavelength, so that unstable processing caused by too fast temperature rise of the lens is avoided.
On the basis, the distance between the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 is an effective focal length F1, the distance between the focusing unit 4 and the focusing point of the laser beam is an effective focal length F2 of the focusing unit, and the ratio k of F1 to F2 is 1/1.5-1/4.5.
On the basis of the above, the range of the effective focal length value F2 is 120-250 mm.
The first biconvex lens 1 is fixed, the first meniscus lens 2 and the second meniscus lens 3 regularly move along the optical axis, and a focusing unit 4 with a fixed focal length is matched, so that the continuous adjustment of the spot size and the continuous adjustment of the magnification of a final focused light beam are realized, the working distance of an optical system is constant and stable, and the beam diameter of the collimated light beam is reduced along with the increase of the combined effective focal length F1.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the distance between the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 is an effective focal length F11, and the diameter of the collimated light beam passing through the focusing unit 4 is D1;
example two: as shown in fig. 2, the distance between the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 is an effective focal length F12, and the diameter of the collimated light beam passing through the focusing unit 4 is D2;
example three: as shown in fig. 3, the distance between the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 is an effective focal length F13, and the diameter of the collimated light beam passing through the focusing unit 4 is D3;
F11>F12>F13；
the first biconvex lens 1 is fixed, and under the condition that the distance between the first biconvex lens 1 and the second meniscus lens 3 is unchanged, the beam diameter of the collimated beam is reduced along with the increase of the effective focal length F1, and D1< D2< D3 if F11> F12> F13.
The F11, F12, and F13 are for distinguishing the effective focal length F1 of the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment.
The collimation unit with the effective focal length of F1 and formed by combining the collimation units takes the emergent light beam as a zero position when the emergent light beam is the collimated light beam, the relative distance between the emergent light beam and the zero position is kept unchanged, the emergent light beam and the zero position move back and forth along the main optical axis together, the continuous zooming of the final optical system is realized, and meanwhile, the constant magnification of the optical system is ensured.
Example four: as shown in fig. 4, the distance between the light-emitting point of the high-power fiber-coupled laser and the first biconvex lens 1 is S1, and the distance between the focusing unit and the focusing point of the laser beam is F21;
example five: as shown in fig. 5, the distance between the light-emitting point of the high-power fiber-coupled laser and the first biconvex lens 1 is S2, and the distance between the focusing unit and the focusing point of the laser beam is F22;
example six: as shown in fig. 6, the distance between the light-emitting point of the high-power fiber-coupled laser and the first biconvex lens 1 is S3, and the distance between the focusing unit and the focusing point of the laser beam is F23;
S1>S3>S2；
under the condition that the distance F1 between the first biconvex lens 1 and the first meniscus lens 2 is kept constant, the effective focal length F2 of the focusing unit is reduced along with the increase of the distance S between the light emitting point of the high-power fiber-coupled laser and the first biconvex lens 1, wherein S1> S3> S2, and F21< F23< F22.
The F21, F22, and F23 are for distinguishing the effective focal length F2 of the focusing units in embodiment four, embodiment five, and embodiment six.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A ZOOM ZOOM optical system that three-piece type spherical mirror is ZOOM in succession, its characterized in that: including high power fiber coupling laser that sets gradually along the direction of transmission of primary optical axis light point, collimation unit and focus cell (4), the collimation unit includes first biconvex lens (1), first meniscus lens (2) and second meniscus lens (3) that set gradually along the direction of transmission of primary optical axis, the coaxial collineation of optical axis of first biconvex lens (1), first meniscus lens (2) and second meniscus lens (3), first biconvex lens (1) is fixed, can not remove, distance between first biconvex lens (1) and first meniscus lens (2) is effective focal length F1, the distance between focus cell (4) and the focus of laser beam is the effective focal length F2 of focus cell (4), F1 is 1/1.5 ~1/4.5 with the ratio k of F2.
2. A ZOOM optical system as recited in claim 1, wherein said ZOOM optical system comprises: the first biconvex lens (1), the first meniscus lens (2) and the second meniscus lens (3) are all optical spherical surfaces.
3. A ZOOM optical system as recited in claim 1, wherein said ZOOM optical system comprises: the first biconvex lens (1), the first meniscus lens (2) and the second meniscus lens (3) are all made of low-hydroxyl artificially synthesized quartz.
4. A ZOOM optical system as recited in claim 1, wherein said ZOOM optical system comprises: the effective focal length value F2 ranges from 120 mm to 250 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210034652.1A CN114089524A (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | ZOOM ZOOM optical system with three-piece type spherical mirror capable of continuously changing magnification and zooming |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210034652.1A CN114089524A (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | ZOOM ZOOM optical system with three-piece type spherical mirror capable of continuously changing magnification and zooming |
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| CN114089524A true CN114089524A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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| CN202210034652.1A Pending CN114089524A (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | ZOOM ZOOM optical system with three-piece type spherical mirror capable of continuously changing magnification and zooming |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114559167A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Laser cutting head zooms based on inverse piezoelectric effect adjusts |
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| US20180348485A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | AAC Technologies Pte. Ltd. | Varifocal optical system |
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Application publication date: 20220225 |