CN112846488A - Variable facula laser cutting head device - Google Patents
Variable facula laser cutting head device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846488A CN112846488A CN202110254082.2A CN202110254082A CN112846488A CN 112846488 A CN112846488 A CN 112846488A CN 202110254082 A CN202110254082 A CN 202110254082A CN 112846488 A CN112846488 A CN 112846488A
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- optical system
- spot
- variable
- laser
- lens group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
Abstract
The invention relates to a variable-light-spot laser cutting head device which comprises a laser optical fiber output head, a laser optical fiber output head coupler, an integral optical system supporting and fixing frame, a first optical system protecting lens, a variable-spot adjusting lens group, a focusing lens group, a second optical system protecting lens, a third optical system protecting lens, a cutting gas guiding assembly, a cutting nozzle, a variable-spot lens group driving mechanism and a focusing lens group driving mechanism, wherein the central axes of the laser optical fiber output head coupler, the first optical system protecting lens, the variable-spot adjusting lens group, the focusing lens group, the second optical system protecting lens, the third optical system protecting lens, the cutting gas guiding assembly and the cutting nozzle are theoretically on the same straight line. By adopting the variable-light-spot laser cutting head device, the quality and the precision of the seam separation of the laser cutting material are improved, the problem that the light spot change range of the existing movable collimating mirror is small is solved, and the size and the focus position of the light spot are adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting processes and equipment, in particular to the field of thermal cutting, and specifically relates to a variable-spot laser cutting head device.
Background
Laser cutting is a thermal cutting method in which a workpiece is irradiated with a focused high-power-density laser beam to rapidly melt, vaporize, ablate or reach the ignition point of the material at the irradiated site, and the melted material is blown off by means of a high-speed gas stream coaxial with the beam, thereby separating the workpiece. The laser cutting zone principle is shown in reference 1 (reference 1: leaf construction and bin, dychun. laser cutting technique [ M ] Shanghai: Shanghai science and technology Press, 2012.7).
As in the laser cutting principle described above, the control of the characteristics of the spot focused on the surface of the workpiece, including the spot diameter and the focal depth, is particularly critical. The specific parameter approximation relationship is as follows:
for a better understanding of the overall hardware environment, the laser cutting head hardware will now be briefly described. As shown in fig. 1, the laser cutting head hardware includes a laser fiber output head, a beam collimating optic, a beam focusing optic, a laser beam generated by a laser generator, and a work piece. The laser fiber output head emits laser beams generated by the laser generator in a divergent mode to irradiate the laser beams to the light beam collimating lens, the light beam collimating lens collimates the divergent light beams, and the light beam focusing lens converges the collimated and folded light beams and irradiates the light beams to the surface of a workpiece. (reference 2: Kitaki 20778, a practical technique for laser processing [ M ] Beijing: Metallurgical Press, 2013.9)
As described above, to the characteristics of the light spot
And ZdThere are 2 common ways to perform control, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 shows a focusing mode of the focusing lens, and fig. 3 shows a focusing mode of the collimating lens.
As shown in fig. 2, the position of the focusing lens group is adjusted to make the focal point of the light spot deviate up and down relative to the surface of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing conditions. The spot control method does not substantially change the spot characteristics
And Zd. In the practical application process, aiming at plate thickness workpieces in different ranges, the problem that the cutting seam is too wide due to the fact that lenses with short focal lengths are used, the inclination of a groove of a plate partition seam with large cutting thickness is large or lenses with long focal lengths are used can occur.
As shown in fig. 3, the position of the collimator lens is adjusted to shift the focal point of the spot up and down with respect to the surface of the workpiece, and the diameter and depth of the focal point of the spot are slightly changed. This spot control method also has similar problems to the method of fig. 2, although this method can change the spot diameter to some extent
And depth of focus ZdHowever, the change of the optical spot is only 1.2 to 2 times of the diameter of the optical spot. (reference 2: http:// www.empower.cn/RTqgt/20181029210.html)
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the variable-spot laser cutting head device which has the advantages of large spot variation range, good processing effect and wide application range.
In order to achieve the above object, the variable spot laser cutting head apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
the variable-spot laser cutting head device is mainly characterized in that the system comprises a laser optical fiber output head, a laser optical fiber output head coupler, an integral optical system supporting and fixing frame, a first optical system protecting lens, a variable-spot adjusting lens group, a focusing lens group, a second optical system protecting lens, a third optical system protecting lens, a cutting gas guide assembly, a cutting nozzle, a variable-spot lens group driving mechanism and a focusing lens group driving mechanism, the central axes of the laser optical fiber output head coupler, the first optical system protecting lens, the variable-spot adjusting lens group, the focusing lens group, the second optical system protecting lens, the third optical system protecting lens, the cutting gas guide assembly and the cutting nozzle are theoretically on the same straight line, and the central axes of the laser optical fiber output head coupler, the first optical system protecting lens, the focusing lens group, the second optical system protecting lens, the third optical system protecting lens, the cutting gas guide assembly and the cutting nozzle are, The second optical system protective mirror, the third optical system protective mirror, the cutting gas guide assembly, the variable-spot mirror group driving mechanism and the focusing mirror group driving mechanism are fixed with the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame, and the laser optical fiber output head is arranged on the laser optical fiber output head coupler.
Preferably, the system further comprises a laser, the light beam generated by the laser is folded after passing through the spot-changing adjusting mirror group, is adjusted through the focusing mirror group, is focused through the focusing mirror group, and is irradiated on the working surface of the workpiece by the output light spot, the size of which meets the preset requirement and can be continuously changed.
Preferably, the variable spot adjusting mirror group is driven by the variable spot mirror group driving mechanism to move up and down relative to the whole optical system supporting and fixing frame along the light beam axis.
Preferably, the focusing mirror group is driven by a focusing mirror group driving mechanism to move up and down relative to the whole optical system supporting and fixing frame along the beam axis.
Preferably, the laser fiber output head coupler connects and fixes the laser fiber output head and the laser cutting head.
Preferably, the first optical system protective mirror is used for blocking dust, water drops or other foreign matters introduced when the laser fiber output head is connected and fixed with the laser cutting head.
Preferably, when the third optical system protective lens is replaced, the second optical system protective lens prevents dust from entering the interior of the optical system of the laser cutting head, and the second optical system protective lens and the third optical system protective lens form redundant protection.
Preferably, the third optical system protective lens prevents cutting gas from entering the optical cavity from the inner cavity of the cutting gas guide assembly under the normal working state of the whole equipment, so that the third optical system protective lens is prevented from being polluted.
By adopting the variable-spot laser cutting head device, the diameter and the focal depth of the output laser spot can be controlled, so that the technical problem of cutting materials with different thicknesses is solved, and the quality and the precision of the parting of the laser cutting materials are improved. The variable light spot laser cutting device provided by the invention is provided with the lens component for adjusting the light spot, so that the light spot change range is larger, and the problem that the light spot change range of the existing movable collimating mirror is small is solved. The variable-spot laser cutting device provided by the invention reserves the original focus adjusting device under the condition that the lens component for adjusting the spots is configured, and the size and the focus position of the spots can be adjusted simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art laser cutting head hardware schematic.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a focusing manner of a focusing lens in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a focusing manner of a collimator lens in the prior art.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable spot laser cutting head device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable spot laser cutting head device of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1 laser optical fiber output head
2 laser optical fiber output head coupler
3 integral optical system supporting and fixing frame
4 first optical system protective glasses
5 variable spot adjusting lens group
6 focusing lens group
7 focusing lens group
8 second optical system protective glasses
9 third optical system protective glasses
10 cutting gas guide assembly
10a cutting gas
11 cutting nozzle
12 workpiece
13 varifocal lens group driving mechanism
14 focusing lens group driving mechanism
15 laser
21 collimating lens group
22 focusing lens group driving mechanism
23 focusing lens group supporting seat assembly
24 collimating lens group driving mechanism
25 collimating lens group supporting seat assembly
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, the following further description is given in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The variable light spot laser cutting head device comprises a laser optical fiber output head 1, a laser optical fiber output head coupler 2, an integral optical system supporting and fixing frame 3, a first optical system protecting lens 4, a variable spot adjusting lens group 5, a focusing lens group 6, a focusing lens group 7, a second optical system protecting lens 8, a third optical system protecting lens 9, a cutting gas guide assembly 10, a cutting nozzle 11, a variable spot lens group driving mechanism 13 and a focusing lens group driving mechanism 14, wherein the central axes of the laser optical fiber output head coupler 2, the first optical system protecting lens 4, the variable spot adjusting lens group 5, the lens group 6, the focusing nozzle 7, the second optical system protecting lens 8, the third optical system protecting lens 9, the cutting gas guide assembly 10 and the cutting nozzle 11 are theoretically on the same straight line, and the central axes of the laser optical fiber output head coupler 2, the first optical system protecting lens group 4, the variable spot adjusting lens group 5, the second optical system protecting lens group, The first optical system protective mirror 4, the focusing lens group 7, the second optical system protective mirror 8, the third optical system protective mirror 9, the cutting gas guide assembly 10, the variable spot lens group driving mechanism 13 and the focusing lens group driving mechanism 14 are fixed with the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame 3, and the laser optical fiber output head 1 is arranged on the laser optical fiber output head coupler 2.
Preferably, the system further comprises a laser 15, the light beam generated by the laser 15 is folded after passing through the variable spot adjusting mirror group 5, is adjusted by the focusing mirror group 6, is focused by the focusing mirror group 7, and is irradiated on the working surface of the workpiece by the output light spot, the size of which meets the preset requirement and can be continuously changed.
Preferably, the variable spot adjusting mirror group 5 is driven by the variable spot mirror group driving mechanism 13 to move up and down along the light beam axis relative to the whole optical system supporting and fixing frame 3.
Preferably, the focusing lens assembly 6 is driven by a focusing lens assembly driving mechanism 14 to move up and down along the beam axis relative to the entire optical system supporting and fixing frame 3.
Preferably, the laser fiber output head coupler 2 connects and fixes the laser fiber output head 1 and the laser cutting head.
Preferably, the first optical system protective mirror 4 is used for blocking dust, water drops or other foreign matters introduced when the laser fiber output head 1 and the laser cutting head are connected and fixed.
Preferably, when the third optical system protective lens 9 is replaced, the second optical system protective lens 8 prevents dust from entering the inside of the optical system of the laser cutting head, and forms redundant protection with the third optical system protective lens 9.
Preferably, the third optical system protective mirror 9 blocks the cutting gas 10a from entering the optical cavity from the cavity inside the cutting gas guide assembly 10 under a normal working state of the whole device, so as to avoid pollution to the third optical system protective mirror 9.
In the specific implementation mode of the invention, a group of adjustable facula lens groups is added on the original laser cutting hardware equipment and is used for controlling the focus of laser facula. The invention is provided with the variable light spot lens group and the focus adjusting lens group, and can realize the simultaneous adjustment of the size and the focus position of the light spot.
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a light spot changing cutting device, which aims to solve the problems of small light spot change range and poor processing effect of the existing light spot changing mode of moving a collimating lens or a focusing lens.
The diameter and the focal depth of the facula can be controlled only by adjusting the relative position of the lens without changing the specification of the lens. The diameter of the spot varies over a range of more than the existing magnification of only 2. The invention simultaneously keeps the original adjustable control of the focus position on the basis of realizing the adjustment of the light spot.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adds a group of variable spot adjusting lens groups on the basis of the scheme shown in FIG. 2.
The whole hardware of the invention is shown in the attached figure, and comprises a laser optical fiber output head coupler 2, a whole optical system supporting and fixing frame 3, a first optical system protective mirror 4, a variable spot adjusting mirror group 5, a focusing mirror group 6, a focusing mirror group 7, a second optical system protective mirror 8, a third optical system protective mirror 9, a cutting gas guide component 10, a cutting nozzle 11, a variable spot mirror group driving mechanism 13 and a focusing mirror group driving mechanism 14. It should be noted that the central axes of the laser fiber output head coupler 2, the first optical system protective lens 4, the variable spot adjusting lens group 5, the focusing lens group 6, the focusing lens group 7, the second optical system protective lens 8, the third optical system protective lens 9, the cutting gas guide assembly 10 and the cutting nozzle 11 are theoretically on the same straight line.
The variable spot adjusting mirror group 5 can move up and down the focusing mirror group 6 relative to the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame 3 along the beam axis under the driving of the variable spot mirror group driving mechanism 13, and can move up and down relative to the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame 3 along the beam axis under the driving of the focusing mirror group driving mechanism 14.
The laser optical fiber output head coupler 2, the first optical system protective lens 4, the second optical system protective lens 8, the third optical system protective lens 9, the focusing lens group 7 and the focusing lens group 10 cutting and cutting gas guide assembly, the variable spot lens group driving mechanism 13 and the focusing lens group driving mechanism 14 are fixed with the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame 3.
The laser optical fiber output head coupler 2 is used for connecting and fixing the laser optical fiber output head 1 and the laser cutting head.
The first optical system protective mirror 4 is easy to replace and maintain on the whole equipment, and has the function of blocking dust, water drops or other foreign matters introduced when the execution laser optical fiber output head 1 is connected and fixed with the laser cutting head.
The second optical system protective mirror 8 is easy to replace and maintain on the whole equipment, and has the function of preventing dust from entering the interior of the optical system of the laser cutting head when the third optical system protective mirror 9 is replaced, so that redundant protection is formed between the dust and the third optical system protective mirror 9.
The third optical system protective mirror 9 is easy to replace and maintain on the whole equipment, and has the function of preventing cutting gas from entering the optical cavity from the cavity inside the cutting gas guide assembly 10 under the normal working state of the whole equipment, so that the pollution to the third optical system protective mirror 9 is avoided.
The invention realizes the control and adjustment of the light spot characteristics by moving and adjusting the two groups of lenses, has wider light spot change range and better meets the actual requirements compared with the prior moving collimating lens spot changing method or focusing lens adjusting method. The present invention will be further specifically described below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the variable spot laser cutting apparatus provided in embodiment 1 is as illustrated in fig. 4, and includes a variable spot adjusting mirror group 5 and a variable spot mirror group drive mechanism 13, a focusing mirror group 6 and a focusing mirror group drive mechanism 14, and a focusing mirror group 7. The light beam generated by the laser 15 is converged after passing through the spot-changing adjusting mirror group 5, then is adjusted by the focusing mirror group 6, and finally is focused by the focusing mirror group 7, and the light spot which has the size meeting the preset requirement and can be continuously changed is output and irradiated on the working surface of the workpiece.
The variable spot adjusting mirror group 5 of the variable spot laser cutting device provided by the embodiment moves under the driving of the variable spot mirror group driving mechanism 13, so as to realize the control of the light spot characteristics. The focusing lens group 6 provided by the embodiment moves under the driving of the focusing lens group driving mechanism 14, so as to realize the control of the focal position of the light spot. In summary, the spot characteristics and the spot focal position can be controlled simultaneously. The lens used by the focusing lens group of the spot-variable laser cutting device provided by the embodiment is a biconcave lens,
by adopting the variable-spot laser cutting head device, the diameter and the focal depth of the output laser spot can be controlled, so that the technical problem of cutting materials with different thicknesses is solved, and the quality and the precision of the parting of the laser cutting materials are improved. The variable light spot laser cutting device provided by the invention is provided with the lens component for adjusting the light spot, so that the light spot change range is larger, and the problem that the light spot change range of the existing movable collimating mirror is small is solved. The variable-spot laser cutting device provided by the invention reserves the original focus adjusting device under the condition that the lens component for adjusting the spots is configured, and the size and the focus position of the spots can be adjusted simultaneously.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (8)
1. The variable-spot laser cutting head device is characterized by comprising a laser optical fiber output head (1), a laser optical fiber output head coupler (2), an integral optical system supporting and fixing frame (3), a first optical system protecting lens (4), a variable-spot adjusting lens group (5), a focusing lens group (6), a focusing lens group (7), a second optical system protecting lens (8), a third optical system protecting lens (9), a cutting gas guiding assembly (10), a cutting nozzle (11), a variable-spot lens group driving mechanism (13) and a focusing lens group driving mechanism (14), wherein the laser optical fiber output head coupler (2), the first optical system protecting lens (4), the variable-spot adjusting lens group (5), the focusing lens group (6), the focusing lens group (7), the second optical system protecting lens (8), the third optical system protecting lens (9), The central axes of the cutting gas guide assembly (10) and the cutting nozzle (11) are theoretically on the same straight line, the laser optical fiber output head coupler (2), the first optical system protective mirror (4), the focusing mirror group (7), the second optical system protective mirror (8), the third optical system protective mirror (9), the cutting gas guide assembly (10), the variable spot mirror group driving mechanism (13) and the focusing mirror group driving mechanism (14) are fixed with the integral optical system supporting and fixing frame (3), and the laser optical fiber output head (1) is arranged on the laser optical fiber output head coupler (2).
2. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a laser (15), a light beam generated by the laser (15) is converged after passing through the variable-spot adjusting lens group (5), is adjusted by the focusing lens group (6), is focused by the focusing lens group (7), and is output as a continuously variable spot with a size meeting a preset requirement to irradiate on the working surface of the workpiece.
3. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the variable-spot adjusting mirror group (5) is driven by a variable-spot mirror group driving mechanism (13) to move up and down relative to the entire optical system supporting and fixing frame (3) along a beam axis.
4. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the focusing lens group (6) is driven by a focusing lens group driving mechanism (14) to move up and down relative to the whole optical system supporting and fixing frame (3) along the beam axis.
5. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the laser fiber output head coupler (2) connects and fixes the laser fiber output head (1) and the laser cutting head.
6. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the first optical system protective mirror (4) is used for blocking dust, water drops or other foreign matters introduced when the laser fiber output head (1) and the laser cutting head are connected and fixed.
7. The variable-spot laser cutting head device according to claim 1, wherein the second optical system protective lens (8) prevents dust from entering the interior of the optical system of the laser cutting head when the third optical system protective lens (9) is replaced, and the third optical system protective lens (9) and the dust form redundant protection.
8. The laser cutting head device with the variable light spot according to claim 1, wherein the protective lens (9) of the third optical system blocks cutting gas from entering the optical cavity from the internal cavity of the cutting gas guide assembly (10) under the normal working state of the whole device, so that the protective lens (9) of the third optical system is prevented from being polluted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110254082.2A CN112846488A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Variable facula laser cutting head device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110254082.2A CN112846488A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Variable facula laser cutting head device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113681154A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-23 | 广东宏石激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser cutting head with variable light spot, cutting equipment and cutting method |
| CN114101905A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳市紫宸激光设备有限公司 | Laser welding equipment with adjustable light source |
| CN114326066A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 | ZOOM ZOOM optical system with double-piece aspheric mirror capable of continuously changing magnification |
| CN114559167A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Laser cutting head zooms based on inverse piezoelectric effect adjusts |
| CN115592263A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 深圳市汉威激光设备有限公司（Cn） | Welding head with circular light beam spot changing ring light beam and adjustable energy distribution |
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2021
- 2021-03-09 CN CN202110254082.2A patent/CN112846488A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113681154A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-23 | 广东宏石激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser cutting head with variable light spot, cutting equipment and cutting method |
| CN114101905A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳市紫宸激光设备有限公司 | Laser welding equipment with adjustable light source |
| CN114326066A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 | ZOOM ZOOM optical system with double-piece aspheric mirror capable of continuously changing magnification |
| CN114559167A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Laser cutting head zooms based on inverse piezoelectric effect adjusts |
| CN115592263A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 深圳市汉威激光设备有限公司（Cn） | Welding head with circular light beam spot changing ring light beam and adjustable energy distribution |
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