CN114085519A - 一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114085519A CN114085519A CN202111421976.2A CN202111421976A CN114085519A CN 114085519 A CN114085519 A CN 114085519A CN 202111421976 A CN202111421976 A CN 202111421976A CN 114085519 A CN114085519 A CN 114085519A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- metal salt
- bis
- peroxide
- polyamide composition
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) 2,4-dichlorobenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical class [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OXGOEZHUKDEEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butylperoxy-1,1,5-trimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CC(OOC(C)(C)C)CC(C)(C)C1 OXGOEZHUKDEEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006119 nylon 10T Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006139 poly(hexamethylene adipamide-co-hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006131 poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide-co-terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006123 polyhexamethylene isophthalamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- OXYKVVLTXXXVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chlorobenzoyl) 4-chlorobenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OXYKVVLTXXXVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MYOQALXKVOJACM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy pentaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C MYOQALXKVOJACM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CWJHMZONBMHMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butylperoxy-3-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(OOC(C)(C)C)=C1 CWJHMZONBMHMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000577 Nylon 6/66 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006153 PA4T Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006528 PA66/6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006883 PAMXD6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006128 poly(nonamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GSECCTDWEGTEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylperoxycyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1CCCCC1 GSECCTDWEGTEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 2
- OMKXXAROSIKIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)OOC1(CC=C(C=C1)OOC(C)(C)C)C(C)C OMKXXAROSIKIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002081 peroxide group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006020 amorphous polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)CC(OOC(C)(C)C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C1 NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-$l^{1}-oxidanyloxy-2-methylpropane Chemical group CC(C)(C)O[O] YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDWBGRKARJFJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PDWBGRKARJFJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKOBUGCCXMIKDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Irganox 1098 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)NCCCCCCNC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 OKOBUGCCXMIKDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010051246 Photodermatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilicon Chemical compound C[Si]C JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008845 photoaging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3072—Iron sulfates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种聚酰胺组合物,按重量份计,包括以下组分:聚酰胺树脂90份;含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂0.1‑3份;金属盐化合物0.1‑2份。本发明通过复配含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂与金属盐化合物,金属盐化合物的存在能够明显提升含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂在聚酰胺组合物遭受恶劣的工况发生结构损伤时起到修复作用,延长聚酰胺组合物的使用寿命,减少资源浪费,提高系统的安全性和可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,特别是涉及一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在20世纪80年代中期美国军方提出材料自愈合概念,在1994年美国伊利诺伊大学的Carolyn Dry提出在混凝土中加入缩醛高分子的玻璃纤维,用于修复混凝土裂痕。此后关于材料自修复或自愈合的研究进入快速发展阶段。根据修复剂来源或修复的方式可以划分为外援型和本征型修复,外援型修复是在材料发生破坏后引入外部的修复剂,包括微胶囊型、中空纤维型、微脉管型,通常涉及到修复剂的包覆或保护。本征型修复是利用材料自身的化学结构进行修复,包括共价键型及非共价键型的自修复,即破损得以修复的相互作用方式。
外援型修复通过材料内部预埋修复剂,在材料破损的同时刺激修复剂释放并修复结构,具有较高的修复效率。但正常状态下要求修复剂受保护,因此对修复剂的包覆处理,以及对破损位置的靶向处理需求较高的含量,使得外援型自修复的成本比较高昂,且效果明显受修复剂含量限制。
本征型修复无需采用复杂的包覆技术,利用自身潜在的修复能力,可进行多次修复,基于非共价键和可逆共价键的方式进行修复。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种具有良好的自修复性能的聚酰胺组合物,及其制备方法和应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种聚酰胺组合物,按重量份计,包括以下组分:
聚酰胺树脂 90份;
含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂 0.1-3份;
金属盐化合物 0.1-2份。
优选的,含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂0.5-2份,金属盐化合物0.5-1份;
更优选的,含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂1.1-1.4份,金属盐化合物0.6-0.9份。
所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、4,4-双(叔丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化对氯苯甲酰、叔丁基过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己炔-3、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧化苯甲酰)己烷、过氧化十二酰或α,α’-双(叔丁基过氧基-间异丙基)苯、过氧化氢异丙苯、1,4-双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯中的至少一种。
优选的,所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化十二酰中的至少一种。
更优选的,所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化十二酰中的至少一种。
所述的金属盐化合物选自铁金属盐、锂金属盐、铜金属盐、镍金属盐、锌金属盐中的至少一种;所述的铁金属盐选自氯化亚铁、氯化铁、硫酸铁、氧化铁、氧化亚铁或氢氧化铁中的至少一种;所述的锂金属盐选自氯化锂、碳酸锂、硫酸锂或醋酸锂中的至少一种;所述的铜金属盐选自氯化铜、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、醋酸铜、溴化铜或碘化铜中的至少一种;所述的镍金属盐选自硫酸镍、碳酸镍中的至少一种;所述的锌金属盐选自硬脂酸锌、硼酸锌、硫酸锌中的至少一种;优选的,所述的金属盐化合物选自锂金属盐、铜金属盐、镍金属盐中的至少一种。
所述的聚酰胺树脂由二元胺和二元酸逐步缩聚而成,或由内酰胺开环聚合而成,或由氨基酸逐步缩聚而成,或由二元胺、二元酸、内酰胺、氨基酸共聚而成;所述的聚酰胺树脂选自PA46、PA66、PA6、PA11、PA12、PA610、PA612、PA1010、PA1012、PA1212、PA4T、PA6T、PA9T、PA10T、PA6I、PAMXD6、PA6I、PA66/6、PA6/66、PA6T/6I或PA6T/66中的一种或几种。
可以根据实际情况选择是否加入0-30份的的抗氧剂、润滑剂、阻燃剂、增强纤维等。
阻燃剂可以是溴系阻燃剂、含锑化合物、金属氢氧化物、硼酸盐阻燃剂等。
抗氧剂可以是单酚和双酚类,亚磷酸酯类、含硫类、胺类、半受阻酚类中的任意一种或多种;润滑剂可以是乙撑双硬脂酰胺、二甲基硅油、硬脂酸酰胺、硬脂酸、硬脂酸丁酯、酯蜡、皂化蜡中的任意一种或多种。
本发明的聚酰胺组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:按照配比将聚酰胺树脂、含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂、金属盐化合物混合均匀,后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆温度范围是160-280℃、转速范围是200-600 rpm,得到聚酰胺组合物。
本发明的聚酰胺组合物的应用,用于制备汽车结构件、散热风扇、护风圈、油底壳、前端框架、冷却水室、齿轮箱罩盖、发动机罩盖、汽车发动机舱部件、进气管、出气管、电池护套、燃料储罐里衬。
本发明具有如下有益效果
本发明利用了含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂在聚酰胺组合物在长期的使用过程中形成反应位点后进行缓慢的扩链,使含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂在组合物遭受恶劣的工况发生结构损伤时起到修复作用(光老化使得分子链断链,表现为熔融指数急速上升),进一步的,金属盐的存在能够明显提升含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂的修复活性的长效性,延长聚酰胺组合物的使用寿命,减少资源浪费,提高系统的安全性和可靠性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例和对比例所用原材料来源如下:
PA66:EP158,浙江华峰;
PA10T:Vicnyl 700,金发科技;
PA1010:TMNO F PA1010,阿科玛;
PA12:AMNO PA12,阿科玛;
PA6T/66:FE15502,杜邦;
PA6T/6I:Selar PA3426R,杜邦;
本征型修复剂A:2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰,江苏培星化工有限公司;
本征型修复剂B:过氧化苯甲酰,Sigma-Aldrich;
本征型修复剂C:过氧化十二酰,Sigma-Aldrich;
本征型修复剂D:1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷,Sigma-Aldrich;
本征型修复剂E:1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,合肥天健化工有限公司;
本征型修复剂F:过氧化二异丙苯,Sigma-Aldrich;
本征型修复剂G:过氧化氢异丙苯,Sigma-Aldric;
本征型修复剂H:1,4-双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯,上海迈瑞尔化学技术有限公司;
氯化锂:市售;
醋酸锂:市售;
硫酸铜:市售;
氯化铜:市售;
硫酸镍:市售;
硫酸锌:市售;
氯化铁:市售;
硫酸铁:市售;
抗氧剂:受阻酚类抗氧剂,Irganox 1098。
实施例和对比例聚酰胺复合材料的制备方法:按照配比将聚酰胺树脂、含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂、铁或锂或铜金属盐混合均匀,后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆温度为前后两区180℃-220℃,前后第二区为220℃-260℃,其他230℃-270℃,转速范围是400rpm,得到聚酰胺复合材料。
各项测试方法:
(1)耐氙灯老化评价:根据美国汽车协会SAE J2527标准,通过氙灯老化模拟材料接受户外耐候老化的过程,包含光照环境、黑暗环境、喷淋阶段、干燥阶段、加热等环境因素,评价实施例及对照例中的组合物模制成的片材经过2500kJ/m2的辐照量(约合1900h)之后的表面色差变化(ΔE),色差变化越大表明材料的耐候性能越差。
(2)熔融指数:根据ISO 1133-1-2001测试氙灯老化前后的熔融指数,将待测的颗粒按照测试温度为熔点Tm+20℃,在2.16kg砝码作用下的熔体流动速率,对于非晶聚酰胺采用300℃,在2.16kg砝码作用下的熔体流动速率。计算耐氙灯老化前后熔体流动速率变化率越低越好。
表1:实施例1-6聚酰胺复合材料各组分含量(重量份)及测试结果
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | |
PA66 | 90 | |||||
PA10T | 90 | |||||
PA1010 | 90 | |||||
PA12 | 90 | |||||
PA6T/66 | 90 | |||||
PA6T/6I | 90 | |||||
本征型修复剂A | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
氯化锂 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
氙灯老化ΔE | 2.4 | 3.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 4.5 |
耐氙灯老化前熔融指数,g/10min | 20.4 | 18.9 | 32.7 | 28.5 | 18.9 | 19.6 |
耐氙灯老化后熔融指数,g/10min | 23.5 | 21.7 | 36.9 | 32.4 | 21.6 | 21.8 |
表2:实施例7-13聚酰胺复合材料各组分含量(重量份)及测试结果
实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | 实施例11 | 实施例12 | 实施例13 | |
PA66 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
本征型修复剂B | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂C | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂D | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂E | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂F | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂G | 1.2 | ||||||
本征型修复剂H | 1.2 | ||||||
氯化锂 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
ΔE | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.1 |
耐氙灯老化前熔融指数,g/10min | 18.7 | 18.5 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 20.4 | 17.5 | 20.6 |
耐氙灯老化后熔融指数,g/10min | 21.6 | 21.7 | 23.7 | 23.1 | 26.6 | 22.8 | 25.9 |
由实施例1/7-13可知,本征型修复剂优选1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化十二酰中的至少一种。更优选2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化十二酰中的至少一种,耐氙灯老化后熔融指数的变化率最低。
表3:实施例14-20聚酰胺复合材料各组分含量(重量份)及测试结果
实施例14 | 实施例15 | 实施例16 | 实施例17 | 实施例18 | 实施例19 | 实施例20 | |
PA66 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
本征型修复剂A | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
醋酸锂 | 0.7 | ||||||
硫酸铜 | 0.7 | ||||||
氯化铜 | 0.7 | ||||||
硫酸镍 | 0.7 | ||||||
硫酸锌 | 0.7 | ||||||
氯化铁 | 0.7 | ||||||
硫酸铁 | 0.7 | ||||||
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
ΔE | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.3 |
耐氙灯老化前熔融指数,g/10min | 19.9 | 21.3 | 20.4 | 19.8 | 19.6 | 18.9 | 20.1 |
耐氙灯老化后熔融指数,g/10min | 21.2 | 22.5 | 23.6 | 23.1 | 24.7 | 23.9 | 25.6 |
由实施例1/14-20可知,优选金属盐化合物为锂金属盐、铜金属盐、镍金属盐,耐氙灯老化后熔融指数的变化率最低。
表4:实施例21-27聚酰胺复合材料各组分含量(重量份)及测试结果
实施例21 | 实施例22 | 实施例23 | 实施例24 | 实施例25 | 实施例26 | 实施例27 | |
PA66 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
本征型修复剂A | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 2 | 3 | 2.5 |
氯化锂 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1 | 2 | 1.5 |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
ΔE | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 |
耐氙灯老化前熔融指数,g/10min | 24.5 | 21.6 | 19.8 | 17.5 | 15.4 | 10.5 | 13.7 |
耐氙灯老化后熔融指数,g/10min | 30.5 | 25.4 | 22.8 | 19.0 | 18.6 | 13.7 | 17.9 |
由实施例1/21-27可知,在优选的配比范围内修复性能更好,表现为耐氙灯老化后熔融指数的变化率最低。
表5:对比例1-6聚酰胺复合材料各组分含量(重量份)及测试结果
对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 | 对比例4 | 对比例5 | 对比例6 | |
PA66 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
本征型修复剂A | 1.2 | 0.05 | 4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
氯化锂 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.05 | 2.5 | |
抗氧剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
ΔE | 8.8 | 7.5 | 5.6 | 10.9 | 6.3 | 9.8 |
耐氙灯老化前熔融指数,g/10min | 22.6 | 16.8 | 19.8 | 9.3 | 17.8 | 25.8 |
耐氙灯老化后熔融指数,g/10min | 30.6 | 29.5 | 28.7 | 7.5 | 25.3 | 34.8 |
由对比例1/2可知,本征型修复剂与金属盐单独存在都不具有修复性。
由对比例3可知,由对比例3可知,本征型修复剂含量太少,无法实现修复效果。
由对比例4可知,当本征型修复剂添加量过大时,会使树脂产生极大的交联,从而降低了熔融指数,但是颜色稳定性差。
由对比例5可知,金属盐添加量过低,会使得本征型修复剂无法长时间保持修复性。
由对比例6可知,如金属盐添加量过高,会使本征型修复剂即使能够保持树脂的基体的稳定性,但是颜色稳定性差。
Claims (10)
1.一种聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括以下组分:
聚酰胺树脂 90份;
含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂 0.1-3份;
金属盐化合物 0.1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂0.5-2份,金属盐化合物0.5-1份;更优选的,含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂1.1-1.4份,金属盐化合物0.6-0.9份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、4,4-双(叔丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化对氯苯甲酰、叔丁基过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己炔-3、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧化苯甲酰)己烷、过氧化十二酰或α,α’-双(叔丁基过氧基-间异丙基)苯、过氧化氢异丙苯、1,4-双叔丁基过氧异丙基苯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化十二酰中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述的含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂选自2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰或过氧化十二酰中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述的金属盐化合物选自铁金属盐、锂金属盐、铜金属盐、镍金属盐、锌金属盐中的至少一种;所述的铁金属盐选自氯化亚铁、氯化铁、硫酸铁、氧化铁、氧化亚铁或氢氧化铁中的至少一种;所述的锂金属盐选自氯化锂、碳酸锂、硫酸锂或醋酸锂中的至少一种;所述的铜金属盐选自氯化铜、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、醋酸铜、溴化铜或碘化铜中的至少一种;所述的镍金属盐选自硫酸镍、碳酸镍中的至少一种;所述的锌金属盐选自硬脂酸锌、硼酸锌、硫酸锌中的至少一种;优选的,所述的金属盐化合物选自锂金属盐、铜金属盐、镍金属盐中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述的聚酰胺树脂由二元胺和二元酸逐步缩聚而成,或由内酰胺开环聚合而成,或由氨基酸逐步缩聚而成,或由二元胺、二元酸、内酰胺、氨基酸共聚而成;所述的聚酰胺树脂选自PA46、PA66、PA6、PA11、PA12、PA610、PA612、PA1010、PA1012、PA1212、PA4T、PA6T、PA9T、PA10T、PA6I、PAMXD6、PA6I、PA66/6、PA6/66、PA6T/6I或PA6T/66中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,还包括0-30份的抗氧剂、润滑剂、阻燃剂、增强纤维中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的聚酰胺组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:按照配比将聚酰胺树脂、含有过氧基团的本征型修复剂、金属盐化合物混合均匀,后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,螺杆温度范围是160-280℃、转速范围是200-600 rpm,得到聚酰胺组合物。
10.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的聚酰胺组合物的应用,其特征在于,用于制备汽车结构件、散热风扇、护风圈、油底壳、前端框架、冷却水室、齿轮箱罩盖、发动机罩盖、汽车发动机舱部件、进气管、出气管、电池护套、燃料储罐里衬。
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