CN114073984A - 一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂、制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂、制备方法及其应用。制备的辛酸钼催化剂分散性好、活性金属含量高,可用于劣质重油、渣油、油砂、沥青的加氢转化,也可用于煤/油共炼,能有效抑制反应过程生焦,保障装置长周期运行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于劣质重油、渣油加氢裂化、煤油共炼的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂,尤其是油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备及其应用。
背景技术
近年来,原油的重质化、劣质化日趋加剧,环保要求日益严格,如何清洁、高效地利用有限的石油资源,满足市场对轻质和中间馏分油不断增长的需求成为当今世界石油加工业的重要任务。悬浮床加氢工艺因其重油转化率高、原料适应性强、产品清洁等特点,广泛应用于劣质重油、渣油、煤焦油加氢及煤油共炼等领域,受到越来越多大型石油化工、煤化工公司的重视。
悬浮床加氢工艺反应温度高,热裂化产生的大分子自由基缩合结焦是制约工艺发展壮大的最重要因素,研发高活性、能有效抑制结焦的催化剂是工艺成功的关键。目前用于悬浮床加氢的催化剂主要有固体粉末催化剂、水溶性催化剂、油溶性催化剂三种,其中油溶性催化剂具有在重油中分散效果好、硫化后活性金属分子小、加氢活性高、无设备磨损等优点,是比较理想的催化剂。
中国专利文献00110711.9提供了一种劣质重、渣油悬浮床加氢裂化催化剂及其制备方法。该催化剂是含有杂原子杂环磺基化合物与Fe、Co、Ni、Cr、Mo、W等金属形成的络合物。其中杂原子为S、N、O。该催化剂能均匀溶解在重、渣油中,,并且在氢气存在下,使含有催化剂的劣质重、渣油通过悬浮床加氢裂化为轻质产品。该催化剂具有用量少(≤350ppm,以金属计)、活性高、稳定性好等优点,可以最大限度的抑制生焦,并使≤500℃液体产品收率提高5-10m%。
中国专利文献CN106914275B公开了一种悬浮床加氢催化剂的制备方法,其主要步骤是将原料(铁化物、镍化物、钴化物、钼化物和钨化物中的一种或几种)与与山梨酯类化合物和硫化物在100-350℃下反应完全,在60-80℃空气中干燥2-24小时,冷却至室温即可得到渣油悬浮床加氢催化剂。该油溶性催化剂在加工劣质重油、渣油时可以得到较高的加氢转化率,最大限度的降低生焦率。
美国专利4125455公开了用C7-C32脂肪酸的VIB族金属(钼、钨、铬)组成的金属盐作催化剂的加氢应用,在430℃、13.7MPa,添加590ppm辛酸钼作催化剂时,454℃+组分转化率可达到80m%。
在上述涉及的专利中,存在着催化剂制备复杂、分散性差、活性金属含量低、存储要求高等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于,提供一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备方法与应用,解决现有油溶性催化剂金属含量低、添加量大、分散性差、需器外硫化、存储要求高等缺点。
本发明所述催化剂中钼金属含量为10wt-25wt%,催化剂无需器外硫化,在加氢环境中,催化剂与原料中的硫反应,原位生成具有良好加氢活性的MoS2。
本发明提供了油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)取适量异辛酸、钼酸、有机酸酐(或醇类)通过搅拌混合均匀。
2)加热至50-100℃完成初步反应。
3)蒸发分离反应生成的副产物。
4)继续加热到120-220℃完成最终反应。
本发明所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂制备方法,其中钼原子和异辛酸的摩尔比优选为1:2-1:5。
本发明所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂制备方法,所用钼源优选为三氧化钼、钼酸、钼酸铵
本发明所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂制备方法,所用有机酸酐优选为乙酸酐、丙酸酐。
本发明所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂制备方法,其中,所述步骤2的反应时间为0.5-3h,所述步骤4中的反应时间为0.5-3h。
本发明制备的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂,通过添加Ⅷ族金属Fe、Co、或Ni中的至少一种金属形成的金属盐,制备出新的催化剂可以降低成本,也能取得良好的反应效果。
进一步的研究发现,VIB族金属铬、钨,也可以通过相似的方法制备油溶性的的C7-C30脂肪酸盐,同样具备良好的加氢活性。
为了达到上述目的,本发明还提供了上述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备方法制备的催化剂。
为了达到上述目的,本发明还提供了上述的油溶性催化剂的制备方法制备的催化剂在加氢裂化中的应用。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明所涉及的催化剂钼含量高,加氢活性好,能活化氢分子,阻止反应产生的自由基进一步缩合,具有良好的抑焦效果,特别适合加工劣质重、渣油,也适用于煤油加氢共炼。
(2)催化剂溶于油中,吨油剂耗低,分散效果好,添加方便,未转化油中固含量低,不会产生磨损问题。
(3)催化剂易于储存和运输,利用原料中的硫即可硫化,无需器外硫化,操作方便。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为催化剂制备工艺流程框图。
具体实施方式
为了更好的说明本发明的目的、方案及优点,以下对本发明的实施例做详细说明,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实例所提供的的一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂及其制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将钼酸、乙酸酐、异辛酸以摩尔比1:2:4加入容器中,通过电磁搅拌器混合均匀,得到混合液;
2)在搅拌的作用下,加热混合液到70℃,反应1h;
3)抽真空下加热,脱除副反应产物乙酸;
4)加热到150℃继续反应2h,反应结束后即可制得油溶性辛酸钼催化剂。
实施例2
本实例所提供的的一种油溶性辛酸钼催化剂及其制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)取钼酸铵、乙酸酐、异辛酸加入容器,保证钼原子、乙酸酐、异辛酸以摩尔比1:3:5加入容器中,通过电磁搅拌器混合均匀,得到混合液;
2)在搅拌的作用下,加热混合液到80℃,反应1.5h;
3)抽真空下加热,脱除副反应产物乙酸;
4)加热到160℃继续反应2h,反应结束后即可制得油溶性辛酸钼催化剂。
实施例3
将上述实施例中所制得的催化剂用于中东减渣的悬浮床加氢裂化反应,并采用空白、加入金属Ni制备的Mo/Ni复配催化剂(Mo:Ni=1:1)在相同条件下进行对比,反应温度432℃,反应压力12MPa,反应时间60min,加入催化剂150ppm(以活性金属总量计),原料性质见下表1,试验产品分布见下表2:
表1、原料油性质
分析项目 | 中东减渣 |
密度(20℃),g/cm3 | 1.03 |
S含量,wt% | 5.1 |
N含量,wppm | 5420 |
残炭,wt% | 21.6 |
Ni含量,wppm | 65 |
V含量,wppm | 212 |
表2、试验产品分布
由表2可知,与不加催化剂相比,添加催化剂后生焦情况明显改善,尤其是实例1和实例2改善较为明显,说明本发明制备的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂分散良好,加氢活性高,能提供充足的活化氢以抑制大分子自由基的缩合。加入金属Ni制备的Mo/Ni复配催化剂(Mo:Ni=1:1)虽然抑焦效果不如辛酸钼催化剂,但能降低成本,也可作为悬浮床加氢工艺的选择之一。
本发明还可以有其他多种实施例,但在本发明的精神和实质情况下,所做出的的任何改变和变形,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于加工劣质油品加氢的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂,其特征在于金属钼含量为10wt-25wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油溶性催化剂,其特征在于催化剂易存储、运输方便,无需器外硫化,在加氢环境中,催化剂与原料中的硫反应,原位生成具有加氢活性的MoS2。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)取适量异辛酸、钼源、有机酸酐(或醇类)通过搅拌混合均匀。
2)加热至50-100℃完成初步反应。
3)蒸发分离反应生成的副产物。
4)继续加热到120-220℃完成最终反应。
4.权利要求4所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备,其特征在于:所述钼源优选三氧化钼、钼酸、钼酸铵。
5.权利要求4所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备,其特征在于:所述有机酸酐优选乙酸酐、丙酸酐。
6.一种权利要求4所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂的制备,其特征在于可添加Ⅷ族金属Fe、Co、或Ni中的至少一种金属形成的金属盐,制备出新的油溶性催化剂可以降低成本,也能取得良好的反应效果。
7.一种权利要求4所述的油溶性辛酸钼催化剂制备方法,其特征在于,与金属钼同族的铬、钨,也可用相似方法制备成C7-C30的油溶性脂肪酸盐,同样具有良好的加氢活性。
8.权利要求3-7所述的油溶性催化剂的制备方法制备的催化剂在加氢裂化、煤油加氢共炼中的应用。
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CN116212962A (zh) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-06-06 | 润和科华催化剂(上海)有限公司 | 一种油溶性异辛酸钼催化剂及其制备方法 |
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