CN114072305B - 一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统 - Google Patents

一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114072305B
CN114072305B CN201980098052.8A CN201980098052A CN114072305B CN 114072305 B CN114072305 B CN 114072305B CN 201980098052 A CN201980098052 A CN 201980098052A CN 114072305 B CN114072305 B CN 114072305B
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fuel gas
tank
supply line
filling
circuit
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CN114072305A (zh
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让-保罗·若索
多米尼克·罗贝热
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Volvo Truck Corp
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Volvo Truck Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03006Gas tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3232Cooling devices using compression particularly adapted for load transporting vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04Tank inlets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/077Fuel tanks with means modifying or controlling distribution or motion of fuel, e.g. to prevent noise, surge, splash or fuel starvation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D33/00Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
    • B62D33/06Drivers' cabs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F02M21/0224Secondary gaseous fuel storages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C5/00Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03006Gas tanks
    • B60K2015/03013Control systems for LPG tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03006Gas tanks
    • B60K2015/03019Filling of gas tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03006Gas tanks
    • B60K2015/03026Gas tanks comprising a valve
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03118Multiple tanks, i.e. two or more separate tanks
    • B60K2015/03131Systems for filling dual tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/054Size medium (>1 m3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/056Small (<1 m3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323Valves
    • F17C2205/0335Check-valves or non-return valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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    • F17C2265/06Fluid distribution
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    • F17C2270/00Applications
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    • F17C2270/0165Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0171Trucks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2270/00Applications
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    • F17C2270/0165Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0176Buses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于车辆(1)的燃料气体系统(100),包括:加注设备(50),具有出口管道(56);第一回路(11),用于向车辆的发动机(8)提供燃料气体,并且包括:‑第一罐箱(12);‑第一供应管线(13),连接第一罐箱(12)和发动机(8);‑第一加注管道(14),将加注设备的出口管道连接到第一罐箱(12);第二回路(21),用于向能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备(9)提供燃料气体,第二回路(21)包括:‑第二罐箱(22);‑第二供应管线(23),将第二罐箱(22)连接到热力设备(9);‑第二加注管道(24),将加注设备的出口管道(56)连接到第二罐箱(22)。第一回路(11)和第二回路(21)被构造成在以下情况下是流体连通的:在加注阶段中,此时燃料气体从加注设备(50)流入第一加注管道(14)和第二加注管道(24),并流向第一罐箱(12)和第二罐箱(22);以及在作业阶段中,此时燃料气体从第一罐箱(12)和第二罐箱(22)流入第一供应管线(13)和第二供应管线(23)中。

Description

一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统。
本发明可以应用于轻型、中型和重型车辆,如卡车、公共汽车和长途客车。
背景技术
一些车辆使用燃料气体作为燃料,而不是例如柴油或汽油,燃料气体具有污染少的优点。
燃料气体可以用于运行车辆发动机和运行热力设备,例如为车辆的载货部分提供冷却、加热或冷冻的设备,和/或用于为车辆的驾驶员隔间提供冷却或加热。在这种布置中,车辆配备有一个用于向发动机提供燃料气体的回路和一个用于向热力设备提供燃料气体的回路,每个回路包括其自己的用于储存燃料气体的单独的罐箱。
在某些国家,法律要求热力设备不影响发动机的运行。换句话说,发动机的燃料气体供应应该始终足以满足当前的需求,这可能意味着暂时限制或停止提供给热力设备的燃料气体的流量。
为此,已经提出将所述两个燃料气体回路分开,以确保只要对应的罐箱不是空的就始终向发动机提供足够的燃料气体。
更具体地,在配备有现有技术的燃料气体系统的车辆中,提供了如下操作的止回阀:
-当用户为燃料气体系统补充燃料时,通过加注设备提供的燃料气体通过所述两个回路的公共加注点流向两个储箱,这是通过止回阀的安装布置而允许的;
-相反,当发动机和/或热力设备要使用燃料气体时,止回阀防止燃料气体流向所述两个回路的公共点,以便将所述两个回路分开。
这种已知的布置允许遵守法律要求。然而,如下所述,它还具有显著的缺点。
取决于运行条件,由发动机和热力设备消耗的燃料气体可能会有很大差异。一般来说,发动机的消耗比热力发动机高。然而,即使发动机没有运行,热力发动机也可能运行,例如如果车辆停止但载货部分将要被保持在低温。或者,热力发动机可能停止,而发动机仍在运行,例如,如果载货部分是空的,当所有货物都已交付时,并且车辆正在结束其交付行程。
由于上述原因,一个罐箱可能是空的,而另一个罐箱中仍然装有燃料气体,有时甚至是相当大量的燃料气体。然后,用户必须给空的罐箱补充燃料(该操作也向另一个罐箱补充燃料),因此尽管燃料气体仍然存在,但由于剩余的燃料气体被包含在另一个罐箱中,所以无法使用所述剩余的燃料气体。
对于现有技术的这种燃料气体系统,要求相当频繁地补充燃料,这损害了自主性。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统,其具有改进的自主性,同时仍然符合法律要求。
根据第一方面,本发明涉及一种用于车辆的燃料气体系统,其包括:
-加注设备,所述加注设备具有出口管道;
-第一回路,所述第一回路用于向所述车辆的发动机提供燃料气体,所述第一回路包括:
-第一罐箱;
-第一供应管线,所述第一供应管线连接到所述第一罐箱,并且所述第一供应管线被构造成连接到所述发动机;
-第一加注管道,所述第一加注管道将所述加注设备的出口管道连接到所述第一罐箱;
-第二回路,所述第二回路用于向能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备提供燃料气体,所述第二回路包括:
-第二罐箱;
-第二供应管线,所述第二供应管线连接到所述第二罐箱,并且所述第二供应管线被构造成连接到所述热力设备;
-第二加注管道,所述第二加注管道将所述加注设备的出口管道连接到所述第二罐箱;
其中,所述第一回路和所述第二回路被构造成在加注阶段中流体连通,在所述加注阶段中,燃料气体从所述加注设备流入所述第一加注管道和所述第二加注管道中,并流向所述第一罐箱和所述第二罐箱;并且其中,所述第一回路和所述第二回路被构造成在作业阶段中流体连通,在所述作业阶段中,燃料气体从所述第一罐箱和所述第二罐箱流入所述第一供应管线和所述第二供应管线中。
因此,即使在作业阶段中,第一回路和第二回路也是连接的。这允许第一回路中的压力和第二回路中的压力平衡。因此,如果燃料气体在第一回路中被消耗,则所述第一回路中的压力将首先降低,但随后第一罐箱和第二罐箱中的压力将平衡。这导致在所述两个罐箱中维持基本相似的加注水平,从而使得所述两个罐箱同时变空。这最终能够增加补充燃料之间的时间间隔,从而提高自主性。
“回路流体连通”是指燃料气体在回路之间流动的方式,该通路不被阻塞。
即使第一罐箱和第二罐箱是分开的,在本发明的燃料气体系统中,第一回路和第二回路在加注阶段和作业阶段两者中都形成公共流体回路。
已经计算出,提供这样的公共流体回路不会损害燃料气体系统的正确操作,特别是相对于规定,运行发动机保持优先于运行热力设备。
在一个实施例中,第一加注管道和第二加注管道被构造成允许流体在两个方向上流动。例如,第一加注管道和第二加注管道中的每一个都可以没有止回阀或允许流体(液体或气体)仅在一个方向上流过的其它阀。
在一个实施例中,第一供应管线的直径为至少3mm,或至少6mm,例如大约10mm。
更一般地,第一供应管线的直径可以足够大以允许高于发动机能够消耗的最大燃料气体量的燃料气体流速。通过这样的尺寸设计,可以确保始终满足如前所述的关于供应给发动机的气体的法律要求,尤其是因为热力设备的消耗通常远低于发动机的消耗。换句话说,这种尺寸设计确保热力设备不会影响发动机的运行。
在一个实施例中,第二供应管线的直径为至少3mm,或至少6mm,例如大约10mm。
第一供应管线和第二供应管线的直径可以相同或不同。
第一加注管道可连接到第一供应管线;第二加注管道可连接到第二供应管线。
在一个实施例中,加注设备包括加注喷嘴和止回阀,该止回阀允许流体流向第一罐箱和第二罐箱。
第一罐箱和/或第二罐箱可以包括N个容器,N被包括在1和10之间,一个给定的罐箱中的容器是流体连通的,并且优选地布置在一个公共外壳中。在一个非限制性示例中,N=4。
第一回路可以包括第一电控系统并且第二回路可以包括与第一电控系统分开的第二电控系统。对于该实施例,虽然关于燃料气体流量的回路可以是公共的,但是回路保持电分离,这允许根据当前需要独立地控制每个回路。
根据第二方面,本发明涉及一种组件,包括:
-如前所述的燃料气体系统;
-发动机,所述发动机连接到所述第一供应管线;
-能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备,所述热力设备连接到所述第二供应线。
根据第三方面,本发明涉及一种车辆,特别是公共汽车、卡车或客车,所述车辆包括如前所述的组件。
本发明的进一步优点和有利特征在以下描述和从属权利要求中公开。
附图说明
参考附图,下面是作为示例引用的本发明实施例的更详细描述。
在图中:
图1是包括根据本发明实施例的燃料气体系统的车辆的侧视图。
图2是图1的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了车辆1,其包括由车轮3支撑的底盘2,其中底盘可以包括布置在车辆1的相对侧上的两个纵梁4。限定驾驶员隔间6的驾驶室5安装在底盘2的前部上。车辆还可包括用于运输货物的载货部分7。
尽管图1中所示的车辆1是卡车,但本发明不限于该特定实施例,而是还可以在其它车辆上实施,例如公共汽车或长途客车。
车辆1包括用于移动车辆的发动机8。车辆1还包括能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备9。热力设备9可以用于:
-冷却驾驶员隔间6或载货部分7;
-冷冻载货部分7;和/或
-加热驾驶员隔间6或载货部分7。
热力设备9可以布置在位于载货部分7外部的壳体10中,在其顶部前部,在驾驶室5上方。
车辆1使用燃料气体作为燃料。燃料气体可以包括压缩燃料气体或液体燃料气体。气体可以是天然气,例如甲烷,或氢气,或液化石油气(LPG)。因此,车辆1包括用于将燃料气体运送到车辆1的相关部件的燃料气体系统100。
基本上,燃料气体系统100包括:加注设备50,通过该加注设备,用户可以用燃料气体为车辆储存器补充燃料;第一回路11,用于向发动机8提供燃料气体;以及第二回路21,用于向热力设备9提供燃料气体。
第一回路11包括第一罐箱12,第二回路21包括第二罐箱22。第一罐箱12和/或第二罐箱22可以包括一个或多个容器30,例如根据非限制性实施例。一个给定的罐箱12、22的容器30彼此流体连通。一个给定的罐箱12、22的容器30可以布置在一个公共外壳31中。例如,第一罐箱12和第二罐箱22中的至少一个可以具有大约400升的燃料气体容量,最大压力为200bar。
第一罐箱12和/或第二储箱22可以布置在车辆1的一个或每根纵梁4上。可替代地,第一罐箱12和/或第二罐箱22可以位于驾驶室(5)的后方,在车顶上或在其它适当位置。
加注设备50具有加注喷嘴55、出口管道56和布置在出口管道56上的止回阀57,止回阀57用于允许流体,即燃料气体,流向第一罐箱21和第二罐箱22。
第一回路11包括第一供应管线13和第一加注管道14,其中该第一供应管线13将第一罐箱12连接到发动机8,该第一加注管道14将加注设备50的出口管道56连接到第一罐箱12。第一加注管道14可以连接到第一供应管线13。
第二回路21包括第二供应管线23和第二加注管道24,其中该第二供应管线23将第二罐箱22连接到热力设备9,该第二加注管道24将加注设备50的出口管道56连接到第二罐箱22。第二加注管道24可以连接到第二供应管线23。
T型管道构件35可以提供在第一加注管道14和第二加注管道24之间的、在第一供应管线13和第一加注管道14之间的和/或第二供应管线23和第二加注管道24之间的接合处。
燃料气体系统100还可包括其它部件,例如:
-压力计36,例如,该压力计36可以被布置成感测第一供应管线13上的燃料气体压力;
-一组流体部件,该一组流体部件可以包括以下一个或多个:
另一个压力计、压力调节器、过滤器。这些部件可以容纳在提供在第二供应管线23上的盒子37中;
-一组流体部件38,该一组流体部件38基本上位于第一罐箱12和/或第二罐箱22的紧下游。该一组38可以包括以下一个或多个:溢流阀、电动阀、手动阀、止回阀。该一组38可以容纳在对应的公共外壳31中或所述公共外壳31之外。
燃料气体系统100可以包括电控系统,该电控系统用于根据当前需要和运行条件控制提供给发动机8和热力设备9的燃料气体流量。优选地,第一回路11包括第一电控系统,并且第二回路21包括与第一电控系统分开的第二电控系统。拥有两个分开的电控系统使得燃料气体流量控制更容易且更可靠。它进一步防止了所述两个系统之间潜在的有害干扰,并最终提高了安全性。
从图中可以看出,第一加注管道14和第二加注管道24中的每一个都可以没有止回阀。换言之,通过这种布置,第一加注管道14和第二加注管道24被构造成允许流体在两个方向上流动,即:
-在加注阶段中,当用户正在为车辆1补充燃料时,从加注设备50流向罐箱12、22;并且
-在作业阶段中,从罐箱12和/或罐箱22(取决于当前需要)
分别流向发动机8和热力设备9。
虽然第一回路11和第二回路21在电控方面优选地是分开的,但是它们在加注阶段和作业阶段关于流体连通方面是公共的。
因此,第一回路11和第二回路21(或第一加注管道14和第二加注管道24)被构造成在以下情况下是流体连通的:
-在加注阶段中,此时燃料气体从加注设备50流入第一加注管道14和第二加注管道24中,并流向第一罐箱12和第二罐箱22;以及
-在作业阶段中,此时燃料气体从第一罐箱12和第二罐箱22流入第一供应管线13和第二供应管线23中,分别流向发动机8和热力设备9。
由于这种布置,第一回路11和第二回路21中的压力可以通过供应管线14、24平衡,这些供应管线14、24允许燃料气体从一个罐箱流到另一个罐箱,部分地在与燃料气体的在加注阶段期间的流动相反的方向上。
这意味着不会出现一个储箱是空的而另一个储箱仍然含有足够的燃料气体以待供应的情况。结果,最初包含在第一罐箱12和第二罐箱22中的所有燃料气体都可以用于供应发动机8或热力设备9,直到两个罐箱基本上都是空的。最终,用这种燃料气体系统100,不需要经常为罐箱12、22补充燃料,这在车辆自主性方面是显著的优势。
此外,这种燃料气体系统100不会损害车辆1的正常运行。特别地,燃料气体系统100确保在需要时始终向发动机8供应足够的燃料气体,即使为此目的,热力设备9不得接收燃料气体。
给定发动机8的最大燃料气体消耗的情况下,管道的尺寸设计成始终向发动机8提供足够的燃料气体流量。此外,由于与车辆发动机的最大消耗相比,热力设备的最大消耗通常非常低,因此第二供应管线23的尺寸对实际供应到发动机8的燃料气体流量几乎没有影响。
在非限制性实施例中,第一供应管线13的直径为至少3mm,或至少6mm,例如约10mm。通过这样的直径,提供给发动机8的燃料气体流量总是高于发动机的最大需要。
在非限制性实施例中,第二供应管线23的直径为至少3mm,或至少6mm,例如约10mm。通过这样的直径,提供给发动机8的燃料气体流量总能满足发动机当前的需要,即使燃料气体同时供应给热力设备9也是如此。
应当理解,本发明不限于上述和附图所示的实施例;相反,技术人员将认识到在所附权利要求的范围内可以做出许多改变和修改。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于车辆(1)的燃料气体系统(100),包括:
-加注设备(50),所述加注设备(50)具有出口管道(56);
-第一回路(11),所述第一回路(11)用于向所述车辆(1)的发动机(8)提供燃料气体,所述第一回路(11)包括:
-第一罐箱(12);
-第一供应管线(13),所述第一供应管线(13)连接到所述第一罐箱(12),并且所述第一供应管线(13)被构造成连接到所述发动机(8);
-第一加注管道(14),所述第一加注管道(14)将所述加注设备的出口管道(56)连接到所述第一罐箱(12);
-第二回路(21),所述第二回路(21)用于向能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备(9)提供燃料气体,所述第二回路(21)包括:
-第二罐箱(22);
-第二供应管线(23),所述第二供应管线(23)连接到所述第二罐箱(22),并且所述第二供应管线(23)被构造成连接到所述热力设备(9);
-第二加注管道(24),所述第二加注管道(24)将所述加注设备的出口管道(56)连接到所述第二罐箱(22);
其中,所述第一回路(11)和所述第二回路(21)被构造成在加注阶段流体连通,在所述加注阶段中,燃料气体从所述加注设备(50)流入所述第一加注管道(14)和所述第二加注管道(24)中,并流向所述第一罐箱(12)和所述第二罐箱(22);并且其中,所述第一回路(11)和所述第二回路(21)被构造成在作业阶段流体连通,在所述作业阶段中,燃料气体从所述第一罐箱(12)和所述第二罐箱(22)流入所述第一供应管线(13)和所述第二供应管线(23)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一加注管道(14)和所述第二加注管道(24)被构造成允许流体双向流动。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一加注管道(14)和所述第二加注管道(24)中的每一个都没有止回阀。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一供应管线(13)的直径为至少3mm。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一供应管线(13)的直径为至少6mm。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一供应管线(13)的直径为10mm。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第二供应管线(23)的直径为至少3mm。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第二供应管线(23)的直径为至少6mm。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第二供应管线(23)的直径为10mm。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一加注管道(14)连接到所述第一供应管线(13)。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第二加注管道(24)连接到所述第二供应管线(23)。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述加注设备(50)包括加注喷嘴(55)和止回阀(57),所述止回阀(57)允许流体流向所述第一罐箱(12)和所述第二罐箱(22)。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述燃料气体系统包括作为燃料气体的压缩燃料气体或液体燃料气体。
14.根据权利要求13所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述燃料气体为天然气、氢气或液化石油气(LPG)。
15.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一罐箱(12)和/或所述第二罐箱(22)包括N个容器(30),N被包括在1和10之间,一个给定罐箱(12、22)的容器(30)彼此流体连通,并且布置在一个公共外壳(31)中。
16.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料气体系统,其特征在于,所述第一回路(11)包括第一电控系统,并且所述第二回路(21)包括与所述第一电控系统分开的第二电控系统。
17.一种组件,包括:
-根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃料气体系统(100);
-发动机(8),所述发动机(8)连接到所述第一供应管线(13);
-能够加热、冷却或冷冻的热力设备(9),所述热力设备(9)连接到所述第二供应管线(23)。
18.一种车辆(1),所述车辆包括根据权利要求17所述的组件。
19.根据权利要求18所述的车辆(1),其特征在于,所述车辆为公共汽车、卡车或长途客车。
20.根据权利要求18所述的车辆(1),其特征在于,所述车辆包括驾驶室(5),所述驾驶室(5)限定驾驶员隔间(6)和载货部分(7),并且所述热力设备(9)被构造成用于冷却所述驾驶员隔间(6)或所述载货部分(7),用于冷冻所述载货部分(7),和/或用于加热所述驾驶员隔间(6)或所述载货部分(7)。
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