CN114067260A - Device and method for monitoring influence of water level fluctuation of river-passing lakes on foraging behavior of migrant birds under influence of hydraulic engineering - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring influence of water level fluctuation of river-passing lakes on foraging behavior of migrant birds under influence of hydraulic engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring device and a monitoring method for influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, wherein the monitoring device comprises a bird foraging behavior monitoring device, a water level change monitoring device, a solar power generation device and a remote data collection device; birds are foraged to eat behavior monitoring devices and are monitored the action of birds predation, and the floating platform is along with water level variation and freely removes from top to bottom, and vertical metal pole sub-unit connection has the illumination inductor, and the illumination inductor sends corresponding signal when the floating platform position variation to received and discernment by remote system, show the real-time information display of water level and birds are foraged to eat the action, quantize the data information who gathers, monitor the change of the action of looking for food of birds when the water level fluctuation changes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological water conservancy, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of water conservancy engineering.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, more and more hydraulic projects are built and put into production step by step, the hydraulic projects play great comprehensive benefits in the aspects of flood control, power generation, irrigation, shipping and the like, but meanwhile, the construction and operation of the reservoir change the original hydrological conditions, break through the original ecological balance and cause a plurality of negative effects. The influence of reservoir construction and operation on ecology and environment is always a hot spot and focus problem which is widely disputed and closely concerned by various countries at home and abroad. After the Yangtze river dry flow control reservoir is built, river runoff quantity of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, original season distribution of the river runoff quantity and ecological environment factors related to runoff are changed, the changes directly or indirectly affect inhabited water areas and living habits of important biological resources of the watershed, structural composition, distribution characteristics and the like of biological communities are changed, and accordingly, deep influence is brought to ecology and environment of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river within a certain range. The Dongting lake is the first river-passing lake in the midstream of the Yangtze river, is also the river-passing lake with the largest water amount in China, and plays an important role in regulating and storing in the Yangtze river basin. In recent years, due to the influence of multiple factors inside and outside, such as less rainfall, simultaneous water storage of a main and branch reservoir group, and river channel scouring caused by the downward discharge of reservoir clear water, the water level of the Dongting lake in the water storage period is reduced, the environment where animals and plants live deteriorates, and the number of rare birds in the lake area is continuously reduced, so that the research and the protection of the rare birds in the Dongting lake area are extremely important.
At present, two main monitoring methods for valuable birds in lake dredging are available: 1. researchers observe behavior characteristics of birds at a distance through a telescope and record various data. 2. Through electronic monitoring device to birds video recording, the researcher makes statistics of and analyzes the video of acquireing. With the development of science and technology, the bird monitoring method has been gradually changed from the manual observation and recording by using a telescope to the video recording by using an electronic monitoring device, meanwhile, the monitoring device and the monitoring technology are continuously developed, and the precision of the monitoring device is higher and higher. However, research on bird monitoring equipment and method is still in a starting stage at present, the monitoring equipment is simple, the function is single, the predation behavior characteristics of the birds can only be recorded simply, specific data such as predation times and predation success rate of the birds cannot be quantized directly through image information, artificial data statistics is needed, the working efficiency is greatly reduced, and the influence of changes of certain environmental factors on the predation behavior of the birds cannot be researched quickly and efficiently.
In summary, there is an urgent need for a monitoring device and method for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation in rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds, which can overcome the problems of field operation, complex analysis and the like, and also can simplify and facilitate the operation, shorten the field operation time, improve the accuracy, enhance the repeatability, and save a large amount of manpower, material resources and time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the device and the method for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on the foraging behavior of migratory birds are simple and convenient to operate, and aims to provide the device for monitoring the influence of the water level fluctuation of the rivers and lakes on the foraging behavior of migratory birds aiming at the defect of existing equipment for monitoring the foraging behavior of the migratory birds. The monitoring device is improved on the basis of the previous monitoring technology, so that the monitoring device can monitor the variation of water level fluctuation while monitoring the foraging behavior of birds, and finally, the result that the foraging behavior of birds and the water level fluctuation change along with time can be obtained, thereby analyzing the influence of the water level fluctuation variation in the river-passing lakes on the foraging behavior characteristics of migratory birds.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the monitoring device for the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of the migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering comprises a bird foraging behavior monitoring device, a water level change monitoring device, a solar power generation device and a remote data collection device; birds are foraged to eat behavior monitoring devices and are monitored the action of birds predation, and the floating platform is along with water level variation and freely removes from top to bottom, and vertical metal pole sub-unit connection has the illumination inductor, and the illumination inductor sends corresponding signal when the floating platform position variation to received and discernment by remote system, show the real-time information display of water level and birds are foraged to eat the action, quantize the data information who gathers, monitor the change of the action of looking for food of birds when the water level fluctuation changes.
The bird foraging behavior monitoring device is positioned on the upper half part of a vertical metal rod, a plastic circular ring is mounted on the upper half part of the vertical metal rod, the plastic circular ring is tightly connected with a plastic cross rod, the other end of the plastic straight rod is connected with an image collector, and the image collector comprises a high-definition camera, an image information emitter and a base; the high-definition camera and the image information emitter are both installed above the base, a plurality of cameras are installed on the surface of the high-definition camera, the high-definition camera is connected with the image information emitter through a data line, and the image collector transmits collected image information to the remote data collecting device through a wireless network.
The utility model discloses a remote data collection device, including vertical metal pole, illumination inductor, water level change monitoring devices, light screen, plastic ring, recess, light sensor, remote data collection device, light sensor, light, and light, light.
The solar power generation device is provided with a solar power generation panel, the solar power generation panel is connected with a storage battery through an electric wire, and the storage battery is respectively connected with an image collector, an illumination sensor and a bulb through the electric wire.
The remote data collection device comprises a computer, the computer receives information sent by the image collector and the illumination sensor through a wireless network, and the computer is provided with a depth recognition model; the depth recognition model is trained through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, bird predation characteristics are extracted, whether birds prey or not and whether predation succeeds or not can be analyzed finally, and image information in the image collector is quantized.
The vertical metal rod is a hollow telescopic straight rod, the length of the vertical metal rod is adjusted through a button on the rod, when the button is pressed down, the vertical metal rod can freely stretch, the vertical metal rod and the button are made of aluminum alloy, a layer of raw lacquer is coated outside the vertical metal rod and the button, and the raw lacquer has the functions of water resistance and corrosion resistance.
The plastic circular ring can move up and down, left and right and is fixed through screws, and a circular hole is formed in the plastic circular ring and is connected with the plastic straight rod through internal annular threads; the plastic straight rod is provided with an annular thread at one end close to the vertical metal rod, is connected with a circular cavity on the plastic circular ring through rotation, and is provided with a groove at one end far away from the vertical metal rod and is connected with an image collector through the groove.
The floating platform is made of foam materials, can float on the water surface, can freely move vertically up and down along with the rising and falling of the water level, and can just surround the vertical metal rod and the illumination sensor by the section size of the floating platform.
The method for monitoring the influence of the foraging behavior of the migratory birds by the monitoring device for the influence of the water level fluctuation of the lake through the river on the foraging behavior of the migratory birds under the influence of the hydraulic engineering comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling and placing equipment, and setting initial conditions and parameters of each instrument;
s2, when influenced by the water storage and discharge of an upstream reservoir, the water level in the river and lake will rise or fall, the resistance of the illumination sensor will increase or decrease, and at the moment, the illumination sensor will transmit the change information of the resistance to the computer through the wireless network and convert the change information into the water level change information to be recorded and stored;
s3, opening a camera in the image collector to acquire information of bird foraging behavior while monitoring water level change; after recording, transmitting the image information to an image information transmitter through a data line, and transmitting the received information to a computer by the image transmitter through a wireless network for recording;
s4, training the depth recognition model on the computer through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, extracting bird predation characteristics, and finally analyzing whether birds prey and whether predation succeeds, wherein the specific judgment is as follows: judging whether the waiting bird eats or not by judging whether the mouth of the overwintering waiting bird pecks downwards or not, and judging whether the waiting bird successfully eats or not by judging whether the waiting bird swallows with the head of the waiting bird facing upwards or not;
s5, post-processing, drawing the processed values, and drawing a water level change curve by taking the date as an abscissa and the water level change as a main ordinate; taking the date as an abscissa and taking times as a secondary ordinate to draw a variation curve of the taking times; the two curves are drawn on the same graph, so that the influence relation between the two curves is conveniently analyzed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device provided by the invention can monitor the fluctuation change of the water level and the predation behavior characteristics of birds at the same time, and can analyze whether the predation behavior characteristics of the birds are influenced by the fluctuation of the water level and the corresponding relation between the predation behavior characteristics and the water level.
2. The solar power generation board is arranged on the top of the device, so that light energy power generation can be performed in clear weather, the obtained electric quantity is stored and provided for equipment such as an image collector, an illumination sensor and a bulb in the device to use, and the device has the benefits of energy conservation and environmental protection.
3. The image collector is provided with the deep learning model, can train through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, extracts bird predation characteristics, can analyze whether birds prey and whether predation succeeds, can quantize image information in the image collector, does not need manual data recording at all times, and improves the efficiency of data statistics.
4. The bird predation control system can be applied to various lakes, can obtain the condition that bird predation behaviors are influenced by water level fluctuation, and provides application value for research and protection of birds in lakes, wetlands and other places.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the use of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a device for monitoring localized bird foraging behavior in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a local water level variation monitoring apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a floating platform of an apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a monitoring example 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a monitoring example 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a monitoring example 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a monitoring example 4 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-vertical metal rod, 2-plastic ring, 3-plastic straight rod, 4-image collector, 5-high definition camera, 6-image information emitter, 7-base, 8-camera, 9-shading plate, 10-plastic ring, 11-illumination sensor, 12-plastic rod, 13-bulb, 14-floating platform, 15-solar panel, 16-electric wire, 17-storage battery, 18-computer.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-9, a monitoring device for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds comprises four parts, namely a bird foraging behavior monitoring device, a water level change monitoring device, a solar power generation device and a remote data collection device; birds are foraged to eat behavior monitoring devices and are monitored the action of birds predation, floating platform 14 freely moves from top to bottom along with water level variation, 1 sub-unit connection of vertical metal pole has illumination inductor 11, illumination inductor 11 sends corresponding signal when floating platform 14 position variation, and be received and discerned by remote system, find the real-time information display of eating the action with water level and birds, quantify the data information who gathers, monitor the change of the action of looking for food of birds when the fluctuation of water level changes. The invention can remotely collect image data of migratory birds in rivers and lakes in real time in foraging form, quantize the collected data information and monitor the change of foraging behavior of the birds when the water level fluctuates. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, reduction of field operation time and the like.
Further, the bird foraging behavior monitoring device is located on the upper half portion of the vertical metal rod 1, a plastic circular ring 2 is mounted on the upper half portion of the vertical metal rod 1, the plastic circular ring 2 is tightly connected with a plastic cross rod 3, the other end of the plastic straight rod 3 is connected with an image collector 4, and the image collector 4 comprises a high-definition camera 5, an image information emitter 6 and a base 7; high definition camera 5, image information transmitter 6 all install in base 7 top, 5 surface mounting of high definition camera has a plurality of cameras 8, high definition camera 5 is connected with image information transmitter 6 through the data line, image collector 4 transmits the image information who collects to remote data collection device through wireless network.
Further, the remote data collection device is provided with a computer 18, the computer 18 receives information sent by the image collector 4 and the illumination sensor 11 through a wireless network, and the computer 18 is provided with a depth recognition model 19.
Further, the water level change monitoring device is located the latter half of vertical metal pole 1, vertical metal pole 1 intermediate position is equipped with a light screen 9, vertical metal pole 1 the latter half externally mounted has plastics ring 10, plastics ring 10 surface is fluted, the recess is connected plastics ring 10 with illumination inductor 11, illumination inductor 11 sends the remote data collection device with resistance change information through wireless network, vertical metal pole 1 mid point department is connected with plastics pole 12 next to light screen 9, the end connection of plastics pole 12 has bulb 13, illumination inductor 11 below is equipped with floating platform 14.
Further, the top solar power generation part is provided with a solar power generation panel 15, the solar power generation panel 15 is connected with a storage battery 17 through an electric wire 16, and the storage battery 17 is respectively connected with the image collector 4, the illumination sensor 11 and the bulb 13 through the electric wire 16.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, the device and the method for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds comprise the following steps:
s1, assembling and setting of the equipment, setting of initial conditions and parameters of each instrument.
S2, when influenced by the upstream reservoir water storage and discharge, the water level in the river and lake will rise or fall, the resistance of the light sensor 11 will increase or decrease, at this time, the light sensor 11 will transmit the change information of the resistance to the computer 18 through the wireless network to convert into the water level change information to record and store.
And S3, opening the camera in the image collector 6 to acquire information of bird foraging behavior while monitoring the water level change. After recording, the image information is transmitted to the image information transmitter 6 through a data line, and the image transmitter 6 transmits the received information to the computer 18 through a wireless network for recording.
S4, the depth recognition model on the computer 18 can be trained through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, bird predation characteristics are extracted, and finally whether birds prey and whether predation is successful can be analyzed. For example, whether the waiting bird takes food is judged by judging whether the mouth of the overwintering waiting bird pecks downwards, and whether the waiting bird takes food successfully is judged by judging whether the waiting bird takes food by swallowing with the head of the waiting bird facing upwards.
And S5, post-processing, and drawing by the numerical values obtained after the processing. Drawing a water level change curve by taking the date as an abscissa and taking the water level change as a main ordinate; taking the date as an abscissa and taking times as a secondary ordinate to draw a variation curve of the taking times; and the two curves are drawn on the same image, so that the influence relationship between the two curves is conveniently analyzed.
Example 3:
when the monitoring device and the method for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of the river-passing lakes on foraging behaviors of migratory birds are used, the monitoring device comprises four parts, namely a bird foraging behavior monitoring device, a water level change monitoring device, a solar power generation device and a remote data collection device; birds are foraged to eat behavior monitoring devices and are monitored the action of birds predation, floating platform 14 freely moves from top to bottom along with water level variation, 1 sub-unit connection of vertical metal pole has illumination inductor 11, illumination inductor 11 sends corresponding signal when floating platform 14 position variation, and be received and discerned by remote system, find the real-time information display of eating the action with water level and birds, quantify the data information who gathers, monitor the change of the action of looking for food of birds when the fluctuation of water level changes. The vertical metal rod 1 is made of an aluminum alloy material, the length of the vertical metal rod is 1.6m, the diameter of the vertical metal rod is 20cm, the length of the vertical metal rod can be adjusted through a button on the rod, when the button is pressed down, the vertical metal rod can freely stretch and retract, and the exterior of the vertical metal rod is coated with a layer of raw lacquer, so that the vertical metal rod can prevent water and corrosion. The invention can remotely collect image data of migratory birds in rivers and lakes in real time in foraging form, quantize the collected data information and monitor the change of foraging behavior of the birds when the water level fluctuates. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, reduction of field operation time and the like.
Example 4:
when the monitoring device and the method for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds are used, the foraging behavior monitoring part of the bird foraging behavior monitoring device comprises the plastic circular ring 2, the plastic straight rod 3 and the image collector 4, the image collector 4 is connected with the circular hole 22 in the plastic circular ring 2 through the plastic straight rod 3, and the plastic circular ring 2 is directly connected to the upper half part of the vertical metal rod 1. The plastic rod 3 is 40cm in length and 3cm in diameter. The inner diameter of the plastic ring 2 is 20cm, the outer diameter of the plastic ring is 23cm, and a threaded hole with the diameter of 3cm is formed in the outer surface of the plastic ring. The image collector 4 comprises a camera 5, an image information emitter 6 and a base three-part 7, and the image collector 4 is used for continuously monitoring the foraging behavior of birds in the corresponding area and transmitting the captured image data to a computer of a remote data collection device.
Example 5:
when the monitoring device and the monitoring method for the influence of water level fluctuation of the river-passing lake on the foraging behavior of the migratory birds are used, the monitoring part of the water level fluctuation change is positioned at the lower half part of the vertical metal rod 1, and comprises a light shielding plate 9, a plastic ring 10, an illumination sensor 11, a plastic rod 12, a bulb 13 and a floating platform 14, and the monitoring device and the method are used for monitoring the water level fluctuation change. The size of the light shielding plate 9 can completely cover the illumination sensor, so that interference of natural sunlight on the illumination sensor is avoided. The illumination inductor 11 is attached to the surface of the vertical metal rod 1, when the whole surface of the illumination inductor is irradiated by light, the resistance of the illumination inductor 11 is the minimum value, and the resistance value of the illumination inductor gradually increases along with the reduction of the illumination intensity. The bulb 13 is connected with the vertical metal rod 1 through the plastic rod 12, the bulb 13 is located right in front of the illumination sensor 11, the power of the bulb 13 is 20w, the illumination sensor 7 can be fully illuminated when the bulb is in normal use, and meanwhile, the bulb 13 is connected with the storage battery 12 and can obtain electric energy from the storage battery 17. The floating platform 14 surrounds the part of the illumination sensor 11 in the vertical metal rod 1, is made of plastic, and is lifted or lowered due to the buoyancy of water when the water level changes, and simultaneously shields the part of the surface of the illumination sensor 11, so that the resistance of the illumination sensor 11 changes, and finally the illumination sensor 11 sends resistance change information to a remote data collection device.
When the monitoring device and the monitoring method for the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of the migratory birds are used, the top solar power generation part is located at the top of the vertical metal rod 1 and comprises the solar power generation plate 15 and the storage battery 16, and the solar power generation part is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and providing the electric energy for electric equipment in the whole device. The solar panel 11 is connected to the top end of the vertical metal pole 1, and when the solar panel is irradiated by sunlight, it converts the solar energy into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is stored in the storage battery 16, and the storage battery 16 is connected to the electric equipment in the device through the electric wire 16: the image collector 4, the light sensor 11 and the bulb 13, and power is supplied to the image collector.
When the monitoring device and the monitoring method for the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on the foraging behavior of the migratory birds are used, the remote data collection device comprises the computer 18, the computer 18 receives information sent by the image collector 4 and the illumination sensor 11 through a wireless network, the computer 18 is provided with the depth recognition model 19, the depth recognition model 19 can be trained through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, bird predation characteristics are extracted, and finally whether the birds prey or not and whether the predation is successful or not can be analyzed.
When the monitoring device and the monitoring method for the influence of water level fluctuation of the river-passing lake on the foraging behavior of the migratory birds are used, the vertical metal rod 1 is made of an aluminum alloy material, the length of the vertical metal rod is 1.6m, the diameter of the vertical metal rod is 20cm, the length of the vertical metal rod can be adjusted through a button on the rod, when the button is pressed down, the vertical metal rod can freely stretch out and draw back, and a layer of raw lacquer is coated on the outer portion of the vertical metal rod, so that the vertical metal rod can prevent water and resist corrosion.
Example 6:
a certain river-passing lake is an important regulation and storage lake in Yangtze river basin, has strong flood storage capacity, and many kinds of migratory birds inhabit and forage at the position in the process of migrating every year. As some large hydropower stations on the rivers connected with the rivers and lakes need to store water and generate electricity in partial time, the water levels of the rivers and lakes can be correspondingly changed, and the migratory birds inhabiting the rivers and lakes can be influenced to forage. The overwintering time of the waiting bird is generally 9 months to 4 months in the next year, and according to observation data of the past year, the number of certain waiting birds generally reaches the peak value in the middle of 1 month, so that the research time is concentrated in 1 month. The device provided by the invention is used for monitoring the foraging behavior of the migratory birds and the water level fluctuation at the same time period, and analyzing the influence of the water level fluctuation on the foraging behavior of the migratory birds, thereby providing a more scientific protection scheme for protecting the migratory birds in rivers and lakes. The device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) the device for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of the river-passing lakes on foraging behaviors of migratory birds is transported to the bank of the river-passing lakes to be monitored, the device is installed and starts to work, at the moment, the floating platform 14 on the device floats on the water surface, and the height of the floating platform 14 just reaches the height of the middle point of the illumination sensor 11. The water level at this time is measured and recorded, and at this time, the resistance data of the illumination sensor 11 is half of the total resistance of the illumination sensor, and the computer 18 can correspond the resistance change information to the water level change information through this initial condition.
2) When influenced by the water storage and discharge of an upstream reservoir, the water level in the river and lake rises or falls, and the floating platform 14 floating on the water surface rises or falls along with the change of the water level, so that the resistance of the illumination sensor 11 is increased or reduced when the floating platform 14 rises or falls, and at the moment, the illumination sensor 11 transmits the change information of the resistance to a computer through a wireless network to be converted into water level change information to be recorded and stored.
3) And (3) opening a camera 5 in the image collector 4 to acquire information of bird foraging behavior while monitoring the water level change. The camera collects image information of lakes to be monitored, records foraging behaviors of migratory birds in rivers and lakes to be researched, transmits the image information to the image information transmitter 6 through a data line after recording, and the image transmitter 6 transmits the received information to the computer 18 through a wireless network for recording.
4) The depth recognition model 19 on the computer 18 can be trained by a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, bird predation characteristics are extracted, and finally whether birds prey and whether predation is successful can be analyzed. For example, whether the waiting bird takes food is judged by judging whether the mouth of the overwintering waiting bird pecks downwards, and whether the waiting bird takes food successfully is judged by judging whether the waiting bird takes food by swallowing with the head of the waiting bird facing upwards.
5) The computer 18 receives the resistance change information from the light sensor 11, and the computer 18 converts the resistance change information of the light sensor 11 into corresponding water level change information according to the initial water level and the total resistance of the light sensor 11 corresponding to the initial water level.
6) The computer 18 receives the image information sent by the image information transmitter 6, and transmits the image information to the depth recognition model 19, and the depth recognition model 19 quantizes the received image information and outputs the quantized image information as specific numerical values such as eating times and eating success rate.
7) The values obtained after the processing by the computer are plotted. Drawing a water level change curve by taking the date as an abscissa and taking the water level change as a main ordinate; taking the date as an abscissa and taking times as a secondary ordinate to draw a variation curve of the taking times; and the two curves are drawn on the same image, so that the influence relationship between the two curves is conveniently analyzed. As shown in fig. 6-9. As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, the number of feeding times of the overwintering bird is positively correlated with the water level variation, while fig. 8 and 9 show that the number of feeding times of the overwintering bird is negatively correlated with the water level variation. It can be judged that the optimum feeding water level of the migratory birds in the area should be between 23.66m and 27.75 m.
Claims (9)
1. Monitoring devices of river lake water level fluctuation influence on migrant bird foraging action under hydraulic engineering influences, its characterized in that: the device comprises a bird foraging behavior monitoring device, a water level change monitoring device, a solar power generation device and a remote data collection device; birds are foraged to eat behavior monitoring devices and are monitored the action of birds predation, floating platform (14) are along with water level variation and freely move from top to bottom, vertical metal pole (1) sub-unit connection has illumination inductor (11), illumination inductor (11) send corresponding signal when floating platform (14) position variation, and be received and discerned by remote system, show the real-time information of water level and birds are foraged to eat the action, quantify the data message who gathers, monitor the change of the behavior of foraging of birds when the water level fluctuation changes.
2. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the bird foraging behavior monitoring device is located on the upper half portion of a vertical metal rod (1), a plastic circular ring (2) is mounted on the upper half portion of the vertical metal rod (1), the plastic circular ring (2) is tightly connected with a plastic cross rod (3), the other end of the plastic straight rod (3) is connected with an image collector (4), and the image collector (4) comprises a high-definition camera (5), an image information emitter (6) and a base (7); high definition camera (5), image information transmitter (6) are all installed in base (7) top, high definition camera (5) surface mounting has a plurality of cameras (8), high definition camera (5) are connected with image information transmitter (6) through the data line, image collector (4) transmit the image information of collection to remote data collection device through wireless network.
3. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the water level change monitoring devices is in the latter half of vertical metal pole (1), vertical metal pole (1) intermediate position is equipped with a light screen (9), vertical metal pole (1) the latter half externally mounted has plastics ring (10), plastics ring (10) surface is fluted, the recess is connected plastics ring (10) and illumination inductor (11), illumination inductor (11) send resistance change information to remote data collection device through wireless network, vertical metal pole (1) mid point department is connected with plastics pole (12) next to light screen (9), the end connection of plastics pole (12) has bulb (13), illumination inductor (11) below is equipped with floating platform (14).
4. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the solar power generation device is provided with a solar power generation panel (15), the solar power generation panel (15) is connected with a storage battery (17) through an electric wire (16), and the storage battery (17) is respectively connected with an image collector (4), an illumination sensor (11) and a bulb (13) through the electric wire (16).
5. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the remote data collection device comprises a computer (18), the computer (18) receives information sent by the image collector (4) and the illumination sensor (11) through a wireless network, and the computer (18) is provided with a depth recognition model; the depth recognition model is trained through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, bird predation characteristics are extracted, whether birds prey or not and whether predation succeeds or not can be analyzed finally, and image information in the image collector is quantized.
6. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the vertical metal rod (1) is a hollow telescopic straight rod, the length of the vertical metal rod is adjusted through a button on the rod, when the button is pressed down, the vertical metal rod can freely stretch out and draw back, the vertical metal rod and the button are made of aluminum alloy, a layer of raw lacquer is coated outside the vertical metal rod and the button, and the raw lacquer has the functions of water resistance and corrosion resistance.
7. The device of claim 2, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the plastic circular ring (2) can move up, down, left and right and is fixed through screws, a circular hole is formed in the plastic circular ring (2), and the circular hole is connected with the plastic straight rod (3) through internal annular threads; one end of the plastic straight rod (3) close to the vertical metal rod is provided with annular threads, the plastic straight rod is connected with a circular cavity on the plastic circular ring through rotation, and one end of the plastic straight rod, which is far away from the vertical metal rod, is provided with a groove and is connected with an image collector through the groove.
8. The device of claim 1, for monitoring the influence of water level fluctuation of rivers and lakes on foraging behavior of migratory birds under the influence of hydraulic engineering, comprising: the floating platform (14) is made of foam materials and can float on the water surface, the floating platform can freely move vertically along with the rising and falling of the water level, and the vertical metal rod and the illumination sensor can be just surrounded by the cross section of the floating platform.
9. The method for monitoring the influence of the foraging behavior of the migratory birds by adopting the device for monitoring the influence of the water level fluctuation of the lake across the river under the influence of the hydraulic engineering, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 8, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, assembling and placing equipment, and setting initial conditions and parameters of each instrument;
s2, when influenced by the water storage and discharge of an upstream reservoir, the water level in the river and lake will rise or fall, the resistance of the illumination sensor (11) will increase or decrease, and at the moment, the illumination sensor (11) will transmit the change information of the resistance to the computer (18) through the wireless network and convert the change information into the water level change information to be recorded and stored;
s3, opening a camera (5) in an image collector (4) to acquire information of bird foraging behavior while monitoring water level change; after recording, transmitting the image information to an image information transmitter (6) through a data line, and transmitting the received information to a computer (18) by the image transmitter (6) through a wireless network for recording;
s4, training a depth recognition model on a computer (18) through a large number of pictures of bird predation behaviors, extracting bird predation characteristics, and finally analyzing whether birds prey and whether predation succeeds, wherein the depth recognition model specifically judges that: judging whether the waiting bird eats or not by judging whether the mouth of the overwintering waiting bird pecks downwards or not, and judging whether the waiting bird successfully eats or not by judging whether the waiting bird swallows with the head of the waiting bird facing upwards or not;
s5, post-processing, drawing the processed values, and drawing a water level change curve by taking the date as an abscissa and the water level change as a main ordinate; taking the date as an abscissa and taking times as a secondary ordinate to draw a variation curve of the taking times; the two curves are drawn on the same graph, so that the influence relation between the two curves is conveniently analyzed.
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