CN114061428B - Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment - Google Patents
Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114061428B CN114061428B CN202010777824.5A CN202010777824A CN114061428B CN 114061428 B CN114061428 B CN 114061428B CN 202010777824 A CN202010777824 A CN 202010777824A CN 114061428 B CN114061428 B CN 114061428B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rock stratum
- simulation experiment
- transmitting
- displacement
- dimensional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for a three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment, wherein the device comprises the following components: the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform is used for paving a simulated rock stratum; the transmitting antennas are arranged on the rock stratum to be monitored in a matrix form; the receiving coils are arranged on the side face of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform in a matrix form and generate induced electromotive force under the influence of electromagnetic induction; and the signal extraction device is used for collecting the signal sent by the receiving coil and transmitting the signal to the data processing system for data processing. The invention can measure the displacement and the displacement direction of the rock stratum in the model in the three-dimensional simulation experiment process, realizes the key monitoring of the specific rock stratum, has small influence on the model, does not interfere with the experiment result, has higher degree of automation and measurement precision, can realize continuous observation, can directly output required data and images, and effectively solves the problem of rock stratum displacement monitoring in the three-dimensional simulation experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for a three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment.
Background
After coal is mined, the original balance of rock stratum above the goaf is destroyed, and the stress is redistributed, so that geological disasters such as mine rock movement and earth surface subsidence are caused. In order to research the formation movement deformation law and to formulate proper exploitation loss reducing measures, the movement deformation of the formation above the goaf is monitored. However, the range of the rock stratum is large in actual production work, and the existing means are difficult to comprehensively and effectively monitor, so that the actual mining process can be simulated only through a model with a certain reduction ratio, and the rock stratum movement deformation rule under actual mining is researched according to the displacement of the model rock stratum. At present, a two-dimensional plane model is mostly used in a similar simulation experiment in mining engineering, only one section of a working face and an overlying strata can be simulated, and the overall movement deformation condition of the overlying strata cannot be displayed.
The existing three-dimensional simulation experiment platform can simulate the movement of the whole rock stratum, and the movement deformation rule of the overburden rock is studied more comprehensively. However, in the three-dimensional simulation experiment, the moving deformation area is located in the model, and the displacement condition of the simulated rock stratum cannot be obtained because the moving deformation area cannot be directly observed and measured by means of visual observation, total station, photogrammetry and the like. For this reason, a learner proposed to embed a steel pipe in a three-dimensional model, then put a probe with a thin wire into different heights inside the model along the steel pipe, then take out the steel pipe, and when the inside of the model moves, drive the probe, and the rock movement inside the model can be obtained by measuring the elongation of the thin wire. Although the method can monitor the subsidence of the overburden, the simulation precision of the model can be affected in the process of pulling the thin line, and only the rock displacement can be measured, but the movement direction of the simulated rock stratum cannot be measured. And installing a liquid storage tank above the three-dimensional model by a learner, leading liquid to each micro-pressure sensing device by using a thin pipe, then installing the device inside the model, and when the simulated rock stratum is sunk, increasing the height difference between the device and the liquid level of the liquid storage tank, wherein the micro-pressure sensing device can monitor the hydraulic pressure changing along with the height difference, so that the rock displacement inside the model is obtained. The method also has the problem of interference of the measuring device on the model, and can only monitor the up-and-down movement of the simulated rock stratum, but cannot acquire the horizontal displacement of the simulated rock stratum.
In view of the above, the inventor provides a rock stratum displacement monitoring device and a rock stratum displacement monitoring method for a three-dimensional simulation experiment, and the key monitoring of a specific rock stratum can be realized by adjusting the number and the distribution of measurement transmitting antennas, so that the influence on a model is small, and the experimental result is not interfered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for a three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment, which can automatically measure and record the displacement and the displacement direction of a rock stratum in a model in the experimental process and monitor the whole process of movement deformation of a overburden in the mining process. The device measures the three-dimensional coordinates and the gesture of the internal antenna of the model in real time through the electromagnetic induction principle, automatically calculates and obtains the integral displacement condition of the rock stratum in the model through the system, and provides reference and basis for further analyzing the movement deformation rule of the overlying strata.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rock stratum displacement monitoring device for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment, which is characterized by comprising:
the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform is used for paving a simulated rock stratum;
the transmitting antennas are arranged on the rock stratum to be monitored in a matrix form;
the receiving coils are arranged on the side face of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform in a matrix form and generate induced electromotive force under the influence of electromagnetic induction; and
and the signal extraction device is used for collecting the signal sent by the receiving coil and transmitting the signal to the data processing system for data processing.
The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional analog simulation experiment comprises a transmitting antenna and a transmitting coil, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a signal modulator and a transmitting coil, the signal modulator is used for directly modulating a needed sine signal wave and carrying out signal enhancement through power amplification, the signal modulator is connected with the transmitting coil through a circuit, and the receiving coil is connected with a signal extracting device through a data line.
The stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment is characterized in that the transmitting coil is formed by winding enameled wires along three orthogonal directions.
The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment is characterized in that the receiving coil is formed by winding an enameled wire by adopting a triaxial orthogonal method, and meanwhile, a magnetic core is placed in the enameled wire.
The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment comprises a data acquisition card, a filter and a signal amplifier, wherein the data acquisition card is used for acquiring received signals, the signal amplifier is used for amplifying the acquired received signals, and the filter is used for filtering electromagnetic interference noise contained in the amplified signals.
The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment comprises receiving coils and corresponding transmitting antennas, wherein the heights of the receiving coils and the corresponding transmitting antennas are equal.
The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment is characterized in that the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform is of a square box type structure.
The monitoring method implemented by the rock stratum displacement monitoring device adopting the three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment comprises the following steps of:
step one, determining a layout scheme of a transmitting antenna and a receiving coil and transmitting frequency and waveform of the transmitting antenna according to the requirements of a three-dimensional analog simulation experiment;
step two, laying similar simulation materials of each rock stratum layer by layer from bottom to top, burying transmitting antennas on the rock stratum to be monitored according to a layout scheme, recording layout positions and directions of the transmitting antennas during layout, and inputting the layout positions and directions into a data processing system;
step three, installing receiving coils on each side face of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform according to a layout scheme, measuring layout positions and directions of the receiving coils after the layout is finished, and inputting the positions and directions into a data processing system;
step four, starting monitoring after the model is built and solidified, dividing the measurement period of each transmitting antenna into four equal parts according to the preset time of transmitting signals of each transmitting antenna, sequentially electrifying coils wound on the directions of an x axis, a y axis and a z axis in the first three parts, and not electrifying the fourth part to eliminate the influence of an environmental magnetic field, and finally determining the initial position of each transmitting antenna according to the induction voltage measured by a receiving antenna;
step five, carrying out stoping strip by using the analog mining device, simultaneously, transmitting signals one by one according to the setting by a transmitting antenna, selecting a receiving antenna generating obvious induced potential for real-time data acquisition, and transmitting the signals to a signal extraction device by using a data line for pretreatment of amplification, noise removal and fitting;
step six, the data processing system calculates the real-time position and direction of each transmitting antenna according to the processed induced voltage signals, the rock stratum movement amount and movement direction at the transmitting antenna can be obtained by comparing the real-time position and direction with the initial azimuth, and the displacement distribution condition of the rock stratum to be monitored is obtained by utilizing an interpolation method;
and step seven, according to experimental requirements, the required simulated rock stratum displacement data and images thereof are derived and used for analyzing the movement deformation rule of the rock stratum.
In the monitoring method, in the step six, the final value of the coordinates and the direction of the transmitting antenna is determined by using a least square method.
In the monitoring method, in the step six, the subsidence amount distribution on the same rock stratum or any section is obtained by using a quadratic linear interpolation method, and the subsidence amounts in the vertical directions of 4 measuring points in the same rock stratum are known to be W respectively 1 、W 2 、W 3 、W 4 ，
Any point x in the formation 0 The dip values of (2) are:
wherein: a is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 2, b is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 3, a 0 For any point x 0 Distance to the line between station 1 and station 3, b 0 For any point x 0 To the distance between the lines between station 1 and station 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the displacement and the displacement direction of the rock stratum in the model in the three-dimensional simulation experiment process can be measured, and the key monitoring of the specific rock stratum can be realized by adjusting the number and the distribution of the measured transmitting antennas. The device has small influence on the model, can not interfere with experimental results, has higher automation degree and measurement accuracy, can realize continuous observation, can directly output required data and images, and effectively solves the problem of monitoring the rock stratum displacement in the three-dimensional similar simulation experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a formation displacement monitoring device according to a three-dimensional simulation experiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna;
fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmitting coil;
fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving coil;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for solving internal stress of a formation;
FIG. 5 is a graph of formation internal subsidence monitoring results;
FIG. 6 is a graph of formation internal displacement monitoring results.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform comprises a three-dimensional simulation experiment platform body, a transmitting antenna, a receiving coil, a signal extraction device, a data processing system, a transmitting coil, a signal modulator, a battery, a magnetic core and a magnetic core.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a rock stratum displacement monitoring device for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment, which mainly includes: the device comprises a three-dimensional simulation experiment platform 1, a transmitting antenna 2, a receiving coil 3, a signal extraction device 4 and a data processing system 5.
The three-dimensional simulation experiment platform 1 is preferably a square box structure, and only the top surface of the square box structure is upward open for accommodating a paved simulated rock stratum. The simulated rock stratum comprises coal beds, sandy mudstones, fine sandstones, limestone and the like, and rock strata with various properties can be paved in sequence according to the actual conditions of the simulated rock stratum. At least two rock formations above a coal bed are selected for monitoring, a plurality of transmitting antennas 2 are arranged on the rock formations according to a matrix form when the selected rock formations to be monitored are paved, the number of the transmitting antennas 2 is the number of monitoring points of experimental design, and 2×2 transmitting antennas 2 are shown in the embodiment shown in fig. 1. A plurality of receiving coils 3 are arranged on four sides of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform 1, the number of the receiving coils 3 is determined according to the size of the model experiment platform, and the height of the receiving coils 3 is equal to or close to the height of the corresponding transmitting antenna 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the outer part of the transmitting antenna 2 is an outer shell made of acrylic material, and the inner part mainly comprises: the signal modulator 7, the transmitting coil 6 and the battery 8, wherein the signal modulator 7 adopts a Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) technology, can directly modulate a needed sine signal wave, and performs signal enhancement through power amplification, and the signal modulator 7 is directly connected with the transmitting coil 6 through a circuit. As shown in fig. 3A, the transmitting coil 6 is wound in three orthogonal directions by using enameled wires with a radius of 0.09mm, and in order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the radius and the number of turns of the coil are not excessively large, and the radius of the coil is preferably 16mm and 300 turns per axis.
As shown in fig. 3B, the receiving coil 3 is wound by using an enameled wire by adopting a triaxial orthogonal method, in order to improve the monitoring precision, the size of the receiving coil is not too large, the preferred radius of the coil is 8mm, the radius of the enameled wire is 0.04mm, and each axis is 1600 turns, meanwhile, a magnetic core 9 is placed in the enameled wire to increase the magnetic conductivity and improve the sensitivity of the receiving coil, and the receiving coil 3 is directly connected with the signal extraction device 7 through a data wire. Preferably, the receiving coil 3 may be fixed on the side by a strong suction cup.
The signal extraction device 4 mainly comprises a data acquisition card, a filter and a signal amplifier, the receiving coil generates induced electromotive force under the influence of electromagnetic induction, the data acquisition card 4 acquires received weak signals, the signals are amplified through the signal amplifier to facilitate subsequent processing, electromagnetic interference noise contained in the signals is filtered by the filter, finally, the signals are subjected to polynomial fitting, so that sinusoidal receiving signals with the same frequency as the transmitted signals are obtained, and the sinusoidal receiving signals are transmitted to the data processing system 5 (such as a computer) for data processing.
The data processing system 5 may obtain the voltage amplitude from the sinusoidal received signal, and determine the magnetic flux at this point by:
E x ＝-ωN x B′ x S x
E y ＝-ωN y B′ y S y
E z ＝-ωN z B′ z S z
wherein: e (E) x 、E y 、E z Induced electromotive forces in three axes, N x 、N y 、N z Respectively the turns of the coils in the three axial directions, B' x 、B′ y 、B′ z The magnetic field intensity in three axes is S x 、S y 、S z The coil areas in the three axes are respectively, and ω is the signal frequency.
The relationship between the positioning coordinate system magnetic field component and the emission coordinate system magnetic field component can then be derived using the following equation:
wherein: b (B) x 、B y 、B z For transmitting magnetic field intensity in three axial directions under the coordinate system, R is a rotation matrix.
Finally, the magnetic field intensity of the transmitting coil in any point and in all directions can be obtained according to the magnetic dipole model:
wherein: b (B) T Is constant, the magnitude is related to the number of turns, the size and the current magnitude, (m, n, p) is the direction of the magnetic field of the transmitting coil, (a, b, c) is the coordinates of the transmitting coil, (x, y, z) is the coordinates of the receiving coil, and the radius
In the above sets of equations, the coordinates (x, y, z) of the receiving coil are known, and the rotation matrix R can also be obtained from the azimuth information of the receiving coil, all that is required is the coordinates (a, b, c) of the transmitting antenna and its direction information (m, n, p). Nine equations can be obtained by a group of transmitting coils (3 single-axis coils) and a group of receiving coils (3 single-axis coils), and real-time position coordinates and direction information of the transmitting antenna can be obtained by gradient descent and other methods according to the initial position and the azimuth of the transmitting antenna during embedding.
In practical use, a plurality of receiving coils generate induced electromotive force in a single measurement, the system can select more than three receiving antennas generating obvious induced electromotive force according to signal strength to extract data, a plurality of result values are finally obtained, then the system eliminates a result with larger error according to the last calculated transmitting antenna azimuth information, and a least square method is used for determining the final value of the coordinates and the directions of the transmitting antennas.
Then obtaining the subsidence distribution on the same rock stratum or any section by using a quadratic linear interpolation method; as shown in FIG. 4, the vertical sinking amounts of 4 measuring points in the same rock layer are known to be W respectively 1 、W 2 、W 3 、W 4 ，
Any point x in the formation 0 The dip values of (2) are:
wherein: a is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 2, b is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 3, a 0 For any point x 0 Distance to the line between station 1 and station 3, b 0 For any point x 0 To the distance between the lines between station 1 and station 2.
Meanwhile, the overall movement deformation trend of the rock stratum is obtained according to the three-dimensional coordinates and the posture change of the transmitting antenna, and the required simulated rock stratum displacement data and images thereof (shown in fig. 5 and 6) are derived according to experimental requirements so as to analyze the movement deformation rule of the rock stratum.
The invention also provides a rock stratum displacement monitoring method of the three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a layout scheme of a transmitting antenna 2 and a receiving coil 3 and transmitting frequency and waveform of the transmitting antenna according to the requirement of a three-dimensional simulation experiment, wherein the preferable layout scheme is to uniformly layout a plurality of receiving coils (4 receiving coils 3 as shown in fig. 1) on each side surface of a simulation experiment table in a matrix form, and uniformly layout two or three rows of transmitting antennas 2 on a rock stratum to be monitored, wherein each row is three;
step two, laying similar simulation materials of each rock stratum layer by layer from bottom to top, burying a transmitting antenna 2 on the rock stratum to be monitored according to the layout scheme of the step one, recording the layout position and the layout direction of the transmitting antenna 2 during layout, inputting the layout position and the layout direction into a data processing system, and conveniently giving an initial value in subsequent calculation;
step three, installing receiving coils 3 on each side surface of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform 1 according to the layout scheme of the step one, fixing the receiving coils 3 on the side surface through a powerful sucker, manually measuring the layout position and direction of each receiving coil after the layout is finished, and inputting the positions and directions into a data processing system;
preferably, the height of the receiving coil 3 should be close to the height of the corresponding transmitting antenna 2.
Step four, after the model is built, the model is solidified, monitoring can be started, the time for transmitting signals of each transmitting antenna is preset to be different, the measuring period of the transmitting antenna 2 is divided into four equal parts, coils wound in the directions of an x axis, a y axis and a z axis are sequentially electrified in the first three parts, the influence of an environmental magnetic field is eliminated by the fourth part, and finally the initial position of each transmitting antenna is determined according to the induction voltage measured by the receiving antenna;
step five, carrying out stoping strip by using the analog mining device, simultaneously, transmitting signals one by one according to the setting by a transmitting antenna, selecting a receiving antenna generating obvious induced potential for real-time data acquisition, and transmitting the signals to a signal extraction device by using a data line for pretreatment such as amplification, noise removal, fitting and the like;
step six, the data processing system calculates the real-time position and direction of each transmitting antenna according to the processed induced voltage signals, the rock stratum movement amount and movement direction at the transmitting antenna can be obtained by comparing the real-time position and direction with the initial azimuth, and the displacement distribution condition of each rock stratum is obtained by utilizing an interpolation method;
and step seven, according to experimental requirements, the required simulated rock displacement data and images thereof are derived and used for analyzing the movement deformation rule of the overburden rock.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is further described below by way of example with respect to monitoring formation displacement in a three-dimensional simulation experiment:
1. determining a layout scheme for a transmitting antenna and a receiving coil
The size of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform selected in the experiment is 2m multiplied by 2m, the simulated rock stratum is divided into 8 layers of sandy mudstone, coal bed, mudstone, sandy mudstone, fine sandstone, limestone and mudstone from bottom to top according to drilling holes of a working surface and rock stratum related data, mica sheets are scattered between the rock layers to simulate rock stratum layering, and the specific material ratio of each rock stratum is determined according to a rock sample test result. According to the experimental scheme, 2 key rock formations above a coal bed are selected for monitoring, 3 rows and 3 columns of 9 transmitting antennas are distributed on each layer, 4 receiving coils are distributed on four sides of a similar simulation experiment table, and the distribution height of the receiving coils is similar to the height of a monitored rock layer.
2. Mounting a transmitting antenna
According to the determined material proportion, laying similar simulation materials layer by layer from bottom to top, burying transmitting antennas on the rock stratum according to a laying scheme when the rock stratum is monitored by laying, measuring and recording three-dimensional coordinates and directions of the transmitting antennas, inputting the three-dimensional coordinates and directions into a data processing system, and enabling initial values to be conveniently given in subsequent calculation.
3. Mounting a receiving coil
And installing receiving coils on the four-sided model frame baffle according to the arrangement scheme, directly fixing the receiving coils on the baffle through a powerful sucker, manually measuring the arrangement position and direction of each receiving coil after the installation is finished, and inputting the receiving coils and the coil numbers into a data processing system one by one.
4. Acquiring initial data
After the model is built, the model is solidified, monitoring can be started, the time for transmitting signals of each transmitting antenna is set to be different in advance, the measuring period of the transmitting antenna is divided into four equal parts, coils wound in the directions of an x axis, a y axis and a z axis are sequentially electrified in the first three parts, and the fourth part is not electrified to eliminate the influence of an environmental magnetic field. After all the transmitting antennas transmit, the data processing system determines the initial position of each transmitting antenna according to the induced voltage measured by the receiving antenna and combining the mounting positions of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas.
5. Rock formation displacement monitoring
The method comprises the steps of carrying out stoping strip by using an analog mining device, simultaneously, transmitting signals one by a transmitting antenna according to setting, selecting more than three receiving antennas generating obvious induced potentials for real-time data acquisition, and transmitting the signals to a signal extraction device by using a data line for pretreatment such as amplification, noise removal, fitting and the like;
6. data processing
The data processing system calculates the coordinate azimuth value of the transmitting antenna according to the processed induced voltage signal, then eliminates the result with larger error according to the last transmitting antenna azimuth information, and determines the final coordinate and direction value of the transmitting antenna by using a least square method. The displacement distribution condition of each rock stratum can be obtained by utilizing the real-time azimuth and the initial azimuth to obtain the rock stratum movement amount and movement direction at the transmitting antenna and then using an interpolation method;
7. deriving results
And (3) according to experimental requirements, deriving required simulated rock stratum displacement data and images thereof, and analyzing the movement deformation rule of the overburden rock.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the displacement and the displacement direction of the rock stratum in the model in the three-dimensional simulation experiment process can be measured, and the key monitoring of the specific rock stratum can be realized by adjusting the number and the distribution of the measured transmitting antennas. The device has small influence on the model, can not interfere with experimental results, has higher automation degree and measurement accuracy, can realize continuous observation, can directly output required data and images, and effectively solves the problem of monitoring the rock stratum displacement in the three-dimensional similar simulation experiment.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional analog simulation experiment's stratum displacement monitoring devices which characterized in that includes:
the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform is used for paving a simulated rock stratum;
the transmitting antennas are arranged on the rock stratum to be monitored in a matrix form;
the receiving coils are arranged on the side face of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform in a matrix form and generate induced electromotive force under the influence of electromagnetic induction; and
the signal extraction device is used for collecting signals sent by the receiving coil and transmitting the signals to the data processing system for data processing;
the monitoring method implemented by the rock stratum displacement monitoring device adopting the three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment comprises the following steps of:
step one, determining a layout scheme of a transmitting antenna and a receiving coil and transmitting frequency and waveform of the transmitting antenna according to the requirements of a three-dimensional analog simulation experiment;
step two, laying similar simulation materials of each rock stratum layer by layer from bottom to top, burying transmitting antennas on the rock stratum to be monitored according to a layout scheme, recording layout positions and directions of the transmitting antennas during layout, and inputting the layout positions and directions into a data processing system;
step three, installing receiving coils on each side face of the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform according to a layout scheme, measuring layout positions and directions of the receiving coils after the layout is finished, and inputting the positions and directions into a data processing system;
step four, starting monitoring after the model is built and solidified, dividing the measurement period of each transmitting antenna into four equal parts according to the preset time of transmitting signals of each transmitting antenna, sequentially electrifying coils wound on the directions of an x axis, a y axis and a z axis in the first three parts, and not electrifying the fourth part to eliminate the influence of an environmental magnetic field, and finally determining the initial position of each transmitting antenna according to the induction voltage measured by a receiving antenna;
step five, carrying out stoping strip by using the analog mining device, simultaneously, transmitting signals one by one according to the setting by a transmitting antenna, selecting a receiving antenna generating obvious induced potential for real-time data acquisition, and transmitting the signals to a signal extraction device by using a data line for pretreatment of amplification, noise removal and fitting;
step six, the data processing system calculates the real-time position and direction of each transmitting antenna according to the processed induced voltage signals, the rock stratum movement amount and movement direction at the transmitting antenna can be obtained by comparing the real-time position and direction with the initial azimuth, and the displacement distribution condition of the rock stratum to be monitored is obtained by utilizing an interpolation method;
and step seven, according to experimental requirements, the required simulated rock stratum displacement data and images thereof are derived and used for analyzing the movement deformation rule of the rock stratum.
2. The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a signal modulator and a transmitting coil, wherein the signal modulator is used for directly modulating a needed sine signal wave and performing signal enhancement through power amplification, the signal modulator is connected with the transmitting coil through a circuit, and the receiving coil is connected with the signal extracting device through a data line.
3. The device for monitoring displacement of rock formations in a three-dimensional simulation experiment according to claim 2, wherein the transmitting coil is wound in three orthogonal directions by enameled wires.
4. The device for monitoring displacement of strata in a three-dimensional simulation experiment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the receiving coil is wound by using an enameled wire in a triaxial orthogonal method, and a magnetic core is placed inside the enameled wire.
5. A rock formation displacement monitoring device for three-dimensional simulation experiments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the signal extraction device comprises a data acquisition card for acquiring a received signal, a filter for amplifying the acquired received signal, and a signal amplifier for filtering electromagnetic interference noise contained in the amplified signal.
6. A rock formation displacement monitoring device for three-dimensional simulation experiments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heights of the receiving coils and the corresponding transmitting antennas are equal.
7. A rock stratum displacement monitoring device for three-dimensional simulation experiments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the three-dimensional simulation experiment platform is of a square box type structure.
8. The device for monitoring the displacement of the rock stratum in the three-dimensional simulation experiment according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the final values of the coordinates and the direction of the transmitting antenna are determined by using a least square method.
9. The rock stratum displacement monitoring device for the three-dimensional simulation experiment according to claim 8, wherein in the sixth step, the subsidence amount distribution on the same rock stratum or any section is obtained by using a quadratic linear interpolation method, and the subsidence amounts in the vertical directions of 4 measuring points in the same rock stratum are known to be W respectively 1 、W 2 、W 3 、W 4 ，
Any point x in the formation 0 The dip values of (2) are:
wherein: a is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 2, b is the distance from the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 3, a 0 For any point x 0 Distance to the line between station 1 and station 3, b 0 For any point x 0 To the distance between the lines between station 1 and station 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010777824.5A CN114061428B (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010777824.5A CN114061428B (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114061428A CN114061428A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
| CN114061428B true CN114061428B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
Family
ID=80232217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010777824.5A Active CN114061428B (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114061428B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115792184B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-05-24 | 山东科技大学 | Wireless stress and displacement measurement system and method for similar material simulation experiment |
Citations (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9116251D0 (en) * | 1991-07-27 | 1991-09-11 | Univ Nottingham | Inductive coil movement gauge |
| DE102005002238A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor for locating metallic objects and measuring device with such a sensor |
| DE102006041934A1 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-27 | Werner Turck Gmbh & Co. Kg | Interference unit position determining device, has transmission coil provided with coil surface, and receiving coil arrangements arranged in coil surface, where each arrangement has coils that are polarized in opposite direction |
| WO2008047001A2 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-04-24 | Nanotec Solution | Induction device for measuring the position of a target, and method using said device |
| CN105180795A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-23 | 中国计量学院 | Rock and soil mass deformation measurement method and instrument system based on deviation survey and Hall effect |
| CN105548521A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Gravity field simulation device and method for open type magnetic gravity model test system |
| CN105807324A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-27 | 吉林大学 | Method for detecting worked-out section of metal mine |
| CN106257278A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2016-12-28 | 华北科技学院 | System and monitoring method are monitored in a kind of simulation experiment for roadway roof absciss layer |
| DE102016100260A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-13 | Turck Holding Gmbh | Distance sensor with several positionable tracers |
| CN107687958A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-13 | 河南理工大学 | Desert area roof is caving and gas pipeline cooperative transformation physical simulating device and method |
| CN108072314A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-25 | 无锡市瀚为科技有限公司 | Arranged on the receiving terminal position detecting device and its detection method of wireless charging transmitting terminal |
| CN109211081A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-15 | 美钻深海能源科技研发（上海）有限公司 | Underwater kit environment formation displacement data detection system |
| CN109682292A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-26 | 北京酷能科技有限公司 | A kind of bias detecting method, device and wireless charging system |
| CN110006333A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of monitoring method of country rock 3-D displacement field |
| CN110702061A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-01-17 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional moving deformation measurement system and application thereof in three-dimensional simulation experiment |
| CN111175121A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 山东科技大学 | Roadway surrounding rock drilling pressure relief similar simulation test system and use method |
-
2020
- 2020-08-05 CN CN202010777824.5A patent/CN114061428B/en active Active
Patent Citations (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9116251D0 (en) * | 1991-07-27 | 1991-09-11 | Univ Nottingham | Inductive coil movement gauge |
| DE102005002238A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor for locating metallic objects and measuring device with such a sensor |
| DE102006041934A1 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-27 | Werner Turck Gmbh & Co. Kg | Interference unit position determining device, has transmission coil provided with coil surface, and receiving coil arrangements arranged in coil surface, where each arrangement has coils that are polarized in opposite direction |
| WO2008047001A2 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-04-24 | Nanotec Solution | Induction device for measuring the position of a target, and method using said device |
| CN105180795A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-23 | 中国计量学院 | Rock and soil mass deformation measurement method and instrument system based on deviation survey and Hall effect |
| CN105548521A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Gravity field simulation device and method for open type magnetic gravity model test system |
| DE102016100260A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-13 | Turck Holding Gmbh | Distance sensor with several positionable tracers |
| CN105807324A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-27 | 吉林大学 | Method for detecting worked-out section of metal mine |
| CN106257278A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2016-12-28 | 华北科技学院 | System and monitoring method are monitored in a kind of simulation experiment for roadway roof absciss layer |
| CN107687958A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-13 | 河南理工大学 | Desert area roof is caving and gas pipeline cooperative transformation physical simulating device and method |
| CN108072314A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-25 | 无锡市瀚为科技有限公司 | Arranged on the receiving terminal position detecting device and its detection method of wireless charging transmitting terminal |
| CN109211081A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-15 | 美钻深海能源科技研发（上海）有限公司 | Underwater kit environment formation displacement data detection system |
| CN109682292A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-26 | 北京酷能科技有限公司 | A kind of bias detecting method, device and wireless charging system |
| CN110006333A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of monitoring method of country rock 3-D displacement field |
| CN110702061A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-01-17 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional moving deformation measurement system and application thereof in three-dimensional simulation experiment |
| CN111175121A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 山东科技大学 | Roadway surrounding rock drilling pressure relief similar simulation test system and use method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 煤层回采工作面底板破坏探查技术的发展现状;张平松;孙斌杨;;地球科学进展(06);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114061428A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107728200B (en) | Ground micro-seismic fracturing fracture dynamic spread method of real-time | |
| CN104597511B (en) | A kind of multilayer goaf ground tunnel transient electromagnetic detecting method | |
| US9557433B2 (en) | Fracture imaging methods employing skeletonization of seismic emission tomography data | |
| CN104656157B (en) | A kind of method and device in identification shale gas dessert area | |
| CN106443766A (en) | 3 dimensional tunnel earthquake advance seismic method | |
| CN107490808B (en) | A kind of method for building up of high reliability seismic prospecting observation system | |
| CN105824052B (en) | A kind of the transient electromagnetic multi -components synthetic method and device of buried target body | |
| CN103207412A (en) | Method for detecting solution leaching and groundwater pollution scope of acid in-situ leaching of uranium | |
| CN112505749B (en) | Micro-motion data acquisition method based on linear array multiple coverage | |
| CN109782360A (en) | A kind of low-resistance area of coverage deep sand body detection method | |
| CN106896415A (en) | A kind of short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of ground well grounded source | |
| CN105929462B (en) | A kind of method for detecting western shallow-reserved seam mining overlying strata dynamic moving rule | |
| CN104330832A (en) | Transient electromagnetic quick three-dimensional human-machine interaction inversion method | |
| Rybin et al. | Response of cracking processes in variations of geophysical fields | |
| CN102590874A (en) | Method for detecting ground surface crack of upland coal-mining subsidence paddy field | |
| CN112965141A (en) | Delineation method for favorable section of uranium polymetallic ore | |
| Riddle et al. | Subsurface tunnel detection using electrical resistivity tomography and seismic refraction tomography: A case study | |
| CN107065019A (en) | Applied to road disaster and the 3 D electromagnetic imaging device and application method that collapse detection | |
| CN105334545A (en) | Directional-drilling three-dimensional geological information acquisition method | |
| CN114061428B (en) | Rock stratum displacement monitoring device and method for three-dimensional similarity simulation experiment | |
| CN115327663A (en) | Air-ground-well three-dimensional geophysical exploration method for deep mineral resource exploration | |
| CN115373026A (en) | Depth domain imaging method based on background noise spectral ratio | |
| CN103628866B (en) | Method for obtaining stratum pressure coefficients of stratum | |
| US9134456B2 (en) | Electrical methods seismic interface box | |
| CN103513284A (en) | Method for stripping magnetic abnormity of double magnetic layers |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |