CN106896415A - A kind of short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of ground well grounded source - Google Patents
A kind of short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of ground well grounded source Download PDFInfo
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- CN106896415A CN106896415A CN201710247943.8A CN201710247943A CN106896415A CN 106896415 A CN106896415 A CN 106896415A CN 201710247943 A CN201710247943 A CN 201710247943A CN 106896415 A CN106896415 A CN 106896415A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/38—Processing data, e.g. for analysis, for interpretation, for correction
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of ground well grounded source, belong to mineral resources technical field of geophysical exploration.Purpose is that proposition is a kind of in ground launch, the new grounded source transient electromagnetic method of work of sub-receiver.Specifically include：Ground multi radiation sources arrangement；Transient signal is received in well；Analog signal is analyzed and processed.To solve the short offset distance transient electromagnetic method working space of prior art grounded source predominantly ground, when there is thicker low-resistance coating or larger electromagnetic interference in earth's surface, ground launch, the mode of operation the observed problem generally poor to the Effect on Detecting of deep objective body.The method of the present invention has preferable effect in mineral resources geophysical exploration.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of ground-well short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of grounded source, belong to mineral resources ground
Ball physical prospecting technical field.
Background technology
The short offset distance transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM) of grounded source is a kind of artificial source's electromagnetic method with larger investigation depth,
Current its working space is mainly ground.When there is thicker low-resistance coating or larger electromagnetic interference in earth's surface, ground launch, sight
The mode of operation of survey is generally poor to the Effect on Detecting of deep objective body.
The working space of transient electromagnetic method (Transient electromagneticmethod, TEM) can be it is aerial,
Ground and underground.In general, the detection accuracy of underground transient electromagnetic method is higher, investigation depth is relatively large.This is due to connecing
Sink is liftoff lower objective body is closer to the exception caused by objective body is influenceed smaller thus more obvious by other stratum；And
Receiving point is located underground, effectively prevent the influence of the various electromagnetic interferences and low-resistance coating of earth's surface presence, makes signal quality
Higher, penetration depth is bigger.Therefore, ground launch, the ground-well transient electromagnetic subtraction unit of sub-receiver are solving the spy of deep blind ore
Survey field can play an important role.
Current ground-well transient electromagnetic method is main with ground loop line as emission source (magnetic source), is surveyed with probe in drilling
Amount transient signal, the transient signal for then being observed by analysis, treatment extracts the electrical and geological information of objective body.The device
Type results from last century the seventies earliest, and obtains deeply extensive research in the eighties and apply, and is especially adding
Put on airs, Australia and the country such as the former Soviet Union, carry out deep prospecting using ground-well transient electromagnetic method and achieve great successes.
Meanwhile, dedicated for or possess the Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus observed in well and be also developed rapidly, it is representational to have Canada
PEM transient electromagnetics system that CRONE companies develop, the serial Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus of PROTEM of GEONICS companies of Canada production with
And the SIROTEM systems that Australia CSIR O is developed.China starts grinding for ground-well transient electromagnetic method in last century the eighties
Study carefully and apply, wherein substantial amounts of work has been done in this regard by Geophysical-chemical research institute of geological sciences institute.In recent years with external instrument
Constantly the pouring in of equipment, theoretical research gradually ripe and under the urgent requirement of Resources of The Crisis Mines, ground-well transition
Electromagnetic method is increasingly paid attention to by the country, and research for theoretical method and application effect gradually more gets up.But it is overall
From the point of view of, China is still very limited for the research of ground-well transient electromagnetic method and level of application and scope.
In transient electromagnetic method, also a kind of extensive emission source form for utilizing is earth lead long (grounded source).According to
Relation between offset distance and investigation depth, can by ground grounded source transient electromagnetic be divided into long offset pattern (LOTEM) and
Short offset distance (SOTEM) pattern.Wherein, SOTEM is due to using the observation of less offset distance, with detection accuracy is high, construction is high
The advantages of effect, important function is played in fields such as deep mineral exploration, surveys for the purpose of locating hydrogeological resources.Compared to Loop source, electrically
Source underground can arousal level to vertically to induced-current, which results in grounded source transient electromagnetic to low-resistance and high resistant all
With sensitivity higher.
At present, grounded source transient electromagnetic method not only realizes ground handling form, yet forms both ground launch, aerial reception
Half aviation transient electromagnetic method, and be also used widely in marine environment.However, only the research of the underground space and should
With without reference to.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present invention seeks to propose a kind of new grounded source transient electromagnetic work in ground launch, sub-receiver
Method.
The method of the present invention is comprised the following steps：
Step one ground multi radiation sources arrangement；
Transient signal is received in step 2 well；
Step 3 measured signal is analyzed and processed；
Signal in well is processed using one-dimensional OCCAM inversion algorithms, one-dimensional OCCAM inversion algorithms are specially：
If the number of model vector and data vector is respectively N and M, object function is as shown in formula one；
In formula, m=(m1,m2,...,mN) representative model parameter vector, d=(d1,d2,...,dM) represent data vector, W
=diag (1/ δ1,1/δ2,...,1/δM) it is error weighting matrix, 1/ δiIt is the variance of each data point, F represents positive calculation,Target regression criterion is represented,Represent roughness matrix；
For certain model parameter mk, using Taylor's theorem, Local approximation formula is as shown in formula two；
F(mk+Δm)≈F(mk)+J(mk) Δ m (formula two)
Wherein, J (mk) it is Jacobian matrix,
According to formula two, objective function problem will be minimized and be converted into as shown in formula three；
In formula, mk+1=mk+ Δ m,In each model iteration step, J (mk)
WithFor, it is known that formula three be regularization Linear least squares minimization problem, if coefficient matrix be full rank, solve such as the institute of formula four
Show；
In each iteration step, being tried to achieve using one-dimensional linear search method makes the regression criterion χ of solution2Less than target regression criterion
Maximum Lagrange factor μ, solution is metLagrange factor, obtain final mask.
Further, step one is specially in methods described：
Emission source is arranged in the region within observation 500 meters of scopes of drilling, and emission source length 0.5km to 2km long is utilized
High-power generator is provided with the rectangular bipolar step current of 10-50A, and multiple auxiliary hairs are laid in drilling surrounding different azimuth
Source is penetrated, the response that emission source and auxiliary transmission source produce is observed successively.
Further, step 2 is specially in methods described：
Popped one's head in using in well, signal reception is carried out by shallow and deep position one by one in the borehole, popped one's head in using three-component, received
Three induced electromotive forces in direction of x, y, z.
To judge the electrical property feature and its Position Approximate of objective body, further, step 2 also includes in methods described：
By the deamplification of instrument record, sort out according to drilling numbering and depth location, and number is won by different time road
According to, draw well in respond profile.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention provides a kind of short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting side of ground-well grounded source
Method, realizes application of the grounded source transient electromagnetic method in the underground space.Signal in well is entered using one-dimensional OCCAM inversion techniques
Row treatment is explained.Steady-error coefficient is chosen as inversion objective function, the steady-error coefficient at selection optimal observation moment can not only subtract
The difference that the amount of calculation of few inverting can also be prevented effectively from too early and moment electromagnetic field diffusion property different band is come too late.In mineral products
There is preferable effect in resource geophysical exploration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ground well SOTEM operating diagrams in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is vertical induced electromotive force response profile in well in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the induced voltage curve map at actual measurement different depth in well in embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is measured data one-dimensional inversion result figure in embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of ground-well grounded source is mainly comprised the following steps：
Step one：Ground multi radiation sources arrangement
Launched using earth lead source long, it is possible to provide larger transmitting magnetic moment and slower underground deamplification, be conducive to
The detection of big depth targets body.To ensure deep signal intensity, reducing bulk effect, emission source is generally disposed at and is drilled away from observation
Region within 500 meters of scopes, emission source length 0.5-2km typically long, the square of 10-50A is provided with using high-power generator
Shape bipolarity step current, as shown in figure 1, in figure 1 for drilling, 2 for probe, 3 is ore body, and 4 is transmitted waveform.Meanwhile, in order to
The Best Coupling of buried target body and emission source is obtained, more anomalous body information are obtained, laid in drilling surrounding different azimuth
Multiple auxiliary transmission sources, observe the response that different emission sources are produced successively.
Step 2：Transient signal is received in well：
Using dedicated probe in well, signal reception is carried out by shallow and deep position one by one in the borehole.Can be visited using three-component
Head, receives three induced electromotive forces in direction of x, y, z.By the deamplification of instrument record, according to drilling numbering and depth location
Sort out, and data are won by different time road, profile is responded in drafting well as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 is homogeneous half space model
When inside there is high resistant objective body, the vertical magnetic field induction electric power curve at the 10ms moment observed in different well locations.By dividing
The variation tendency of analysis response section, and the relative position of emission source and drilling well is combined, just may determine that the electrical property feature of objective body
With its Position Approximate.
Step 3：Measured signal is analyzed and processed：
Treatment explanation is carried out to measured data, is the key content of this patent.Responding section in the well according to Fig. 2 can be real
Now to abnormal qualitative interpretation, and to realize quantitative interpretation then needs to carry out inversion procedure.It is anti-using one-dimensional OCCAM in this patent
Artistic skills art carries out treatment explanation to signal in well.
OCCAM algorithms, also referred to as the smoothest model method of inversion, the most light for meeting target regression criterion is found by deviation principle
Sliding formwork type.Due to the algorithm have the advantages that to be independent of initial model, convergence stability preferably, be not in excessively to explain,
OCCAM algorithms have been widely used in the inverting of various electromagnetic method data.In particular for mainly with three-dimensional geologic be visit
Ground-well the device of target is surveyed, OCCAM algorithms have preferable stability compared to other inversion algorithms.
Can be constant depth, the response attenuation curve in many time roads for the selection of surface-hole TEM inversion objective function,
Can also respond section in single time road, the well at different depth, i.e., corresponding dynamic and steady-error coefficient.This patent is chosen quiet
State response is used as inversion objective function, because the steady-error coefficient at selection optimal observation moment can not only reduce the meter of inverting
The difference that calculation amount can also be prevented effectively from too early and moment electromagnetic field diffusion property different band is come too late.Hypothesized model vector sum
N and M is respectively according to the number of vector, object function is：
In formula, m=(m1,m2,...,mN) representative model parameter vector, d=(d1,d2,...,dM) represent data vector, W
=diag (1/ δ1,1/δ2,...,1/δM) it is error weighting matrix, 1/ δiIt is the variance of each data point, F represents positive calculation,Target regression criterion is represented,Represent roughness matrix.
OCCAM inversion algorithms pass through iterated application local linearization thought, for certain model parameter mk, it is fixed using Taylor
Reason, there is following Local approximation formula：
F(mk+Δm)≈F(mk)+J(mk)Δm (2)
Wherein, J (mk) it is Jacobian matrix.
According to (2) formula, objective function problem will be minimized and be converted into following problem：
In formula, mk+1=mk+ Δ m,Due in each model iteration step, J
(mk) andFor, it is known that therefore formula (3) is regularization Linear least squares minimization problem.If coefficient matrix is full rank, solution is
In each iteration step, being tried to achieve using one-dimensional linear search method makes the regression criterion χ of solution2Less than target regression criterion
Maximum Lagrange factor μ, then solve be metLagrange factor, so as to obtain final mask.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, with domestic certain Cu-polymetallic deposit ground-well transient electromagnetic actual observation data instance, the present invention is illustrated
The treatment method and effect of patent.
1st, data acquisition
First according to area's geological condition is surveyed, selection correct position arranges emission source.Emission source length is 800m, distance drilling
450m.V8 electrical method work stations are produced using Canada to be operated, emission current 16A, transmitting fundamental frequency 5Hz.With 20m's in drilling
Spacing, by vertical induced voltage in shallow and deep pointwise inspection well, it is 600m that maximum receives depth.Fig. 3 is 11.28ms moment, well
Induced voltage curve at middle actual measurement different depth.
2nd, one-dimensional OCCAM invertings
One-dimensional inversion, acquired results such as Fig. 4 institutes are carried out to measured data using the one-dimensional OCCAM inversion techniques in module 3
Show.
As shown in Figure 4, there are two obvious low resistance abnormity area domains at 140m and 450m in survey line depth.According to brill
Hole is disclosed, and this just correspond to two-layer mineralization degree ore rock higher at two.Result of that probe illustrates patent of the present invention in reality
There is preferable effect in the production of border.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of ground-well short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of grounded source, it is characterised in that methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
Step one ground multi radiation sources arrangement；
Transient signal is received in step 2 well；
Step 3 measured signal is analyzed and processed；
Signal in well is processed using one-dimensional OCCAM inversion algorithms, one-dimensional OCCAM inversion algorithms are specially：
If the number of model vector and data vector is respectively N and M, object function is as shown in formula one；
In formula, m=(m1,m2,...,mN) representative model parameter vector, d=(d1,d2,...,dM) represent data vector, W=
diag(1/δ1,1/δ2,...,1/δM) it is error weighting matrix, 1/ δiIt is the variance of each data point, F represents positive calculation,
Target regression criterion is represented,Represent roughness matrix；
For certain model parameter mk, using Taylor's theorem, Local approximation formula is as shown in formula two；
F(mk+Δm)≈F(mk)+J(mk) Δ m formula two
Wherein, J (mk) it is Jacobian matrix,
According to formula two, objective function problem will be minimized and be converted into as shown in formula three；
In formula, mk+1=mk+ Δ m,In each model iteration step, J (mk) andFor, it is known that formula three be regularization Linear least squares minimization problem, if coefficient matrix be full rank, solve as shown in formula four；
In each iteration step, being tried to achieve using one-dimensional linear search method makes the regression criterion χ of solution2Less than target regression criterion most
Big Lagrange factor μ, solution is metLagrange factor, obtain final mask.
2. the short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of as claimed in claim 1-well grounded source, it is characterised in that the side
Step one is specially in method：
Emission source is arranged in the region within observation 500 meters of scopes of drilling, emission source length 0.5km to 2km long, using big work(
Rate generator is provided with the rectangular bipolar step current of 10-50A, and multiple auxiliary transmission sources are laid in drilling surrounding different azimuth,
The response that observation emission source and auxiliary transmission source produce successively.
3. the short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of as claimed in claim 1-well grounded source, it is characterised in that the side
Step 2 is specially in method：
Popped one's head in using in well, signal reception carried out by shallow and deep position one by one in the borehole, popped one's head in using three-component, receive x, y,
Tri- induced electromotive forces in direction of z.
4. the short offset distance transient electromagnetic detecting method of as claimed in claim 2-well grounded source, it is characterised in that the side
Step 2 also includes in method：
By the deamplification of instrument record, sort out according to drilling numbering and depth location, and data are won by different time road, paint
Profile is responded in well processed.
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| CN108594313A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Hand propelled time domain electromagnetic well logging apparatus and method in a kind of coal mine down-hole drilling |
| CN108828676A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of ground-mine laneway transient electromagnetic three-component detection method |
| CN109100808A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-28 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of horizontal magnetic polarization field detection method of multi-thread source transient electromagnetic |
| CN112083505A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-12-15 | 安徽省勘查技术院(安徽省地质矿产勘查局能源勘查中心) | Comprehensive physical well logging method and system based on induced emission system |
| CN112255692A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Frequency domain electric source mine advanced electromagnetic detection method |
| CN112433254A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-02 | 长江大学 | Method for exploring water disaster position of coal mine working face |
| CN113093292A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for grouting coal seam roof through ground-hole transient electromagnetic monitoring |
| CN113503154A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-10-15 | 西安石油大学 | Eccentric error correction method and device for downhole transient electromagnetic detection and storage medium |
| CN113960684A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏大学 | Apparent resistivity-depth profile generation method for short offset electromagnetic exploration |
| CN114216840A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed real-time monitoring system for casing corrosion |
| CN114216840B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-04-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed casing corrosion real-time monitoring system |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108828676A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of ground-mine laneway transient electromagnetic three-component detection method |
| CN108594313A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Hand propelled time domain electromagnetic well logging apparatus and method in a kind of coal mine down-hole drilling |
| CN109100808A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-28 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of horizontal magnetic polarization field detection method of multi-thread source transient electromagnetic |
| CN109100808B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-12-29 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Multi-line source transient electromagnetic transverse magnetic polarization field detection method |
| CN112083505B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2024-02-23 | 安徽省勘查技术院(安徽省地质矿产勘查局能源勘查中心) | Comprehensive physical logging method and system based on laser emission system |
| CN112083505A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-12-15 | 安徽省勘查技术院(安徽省地质矿产勘查局能源勘查中心) | Comprehensive physical well logging method and system based on induced emission system |
| CN112255692A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Frequency domain electric source mine advanced electromagnetic detection method |
| CN112433254A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-02 | 长江大学 | Method for exploring water disaster position of coal mine working face |
| CN113093292A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for grouting coal seam roof through ground-hole transient electromagnetic monitoring |
| CN113503154A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-10-15 | 西安石油大学 | Eccentric error correction method and device for downhole transient electromagnetic detection and storage medium |
| CN113503154B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2024-01-30 | 西安石油大学 | Eccentric error correction method, device and storage medium for underground transient electromagnetic detection |
| CN113960684A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏大学 | Apparent resistivity-depth profile generation method for short offset electromagnetic exploration |
| CN113960684B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Apparent resistivity-depth profile generation method for short offset electromagnetic exploration |
| CN114216840A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed real-time monitoring system for casing corrosion |
| CN114216840B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-04-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed casing corrosion real-time monitoring system |
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