CN114057647A - 一种吡唑啉荧光分子及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种吡唑啉荧光分子及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114057647A
CN114057647A CN202111424466.0A CN202111424466A CN114057647A CN 114057647 A CN114057647 A CN 114057647A CN 202111424466 A CN202111424466 A CN 202111424466A CN 114057647 A CN114057647 A CN 114057647A
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方玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种1,5‑二芳基取代的具有吡唑啉结构骨架的荧光分子,由于在所述分子的吡唑啉环3‑位上引入具有拉电子效应的‑COOEt基团,4‑位上引入⍺,𝛽‑不饱和酮结构,增大了吡唑啉分子的共轭体系,使其激发波长和发射波长都有较大程度红移。所述荧光分子还具有较大的stokes位移,能够在固体状态发射红色荧光。本发明还公开了该荧光分子的制备方法,该方法条件温和、操作简便、实用性强。

Description

一种吡唑啉荧光分子及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于荧光材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种荧光分子1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉及其制备方法。
背景技术
荧光材料目前在众多领域(分析检测、光电器件、生物成像等)都有广泛的应用。其中,五元杂环吡唑啉衍生物由于具有良好的荧光性质而备受研究人员关注。有机荧光小分子一般都具有较大的共轭体系,目前,基于吡唑啉衍生物的荧光分子大都是1,3,5-三芳基-2-吡唑啉类化合物,其激发光波长一般在最大吸收波长350nm左右,而发射光波长位于450nm附近,使得其在生命科学等领域的应用受到较大限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一类结构新颖的吡唑啉骨架的荧光分子,其激发光波长和发射光波长都较传统的吡唑啉衍生物有较大程度红移,同时其斯托克斯位移也有一定程度增加。更为重要的是,本发明所涉及的这类吡唑啉衍生物能够在固体状态高效率发射红色荧光。本发明的另一个目的是提供合成这类吡唑啉衍生物的合成方法。
本发明的技术方案为:
一种荧光分子1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉,结构如式(I)所示:
Figure BDA0003378483430000011
所述荧光分子的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
在有机溶剂中,存在添加剂时,使硫叶立德和腈亚胺进行反应,柱层析分离后得到所述的1, 5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。
所述的硫叶立德,结构如式(II)所示:
Figure BDA0003378483430000012
所述的腈亚胺,结构如式(III)所示:
Figure BDA0003378483430000021
式(I)和式(III)中,R1为氟、氯、氰基、硝基或氢中的一种,R2为氟、氯、氰基、硝基或氢中的一种。
所述的硫叶立德、腈亚胺、添加剂的摩尔比优选为:1:2-3:3-5。
所述的有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、1,4-二氧六环、乙腈、氯仿中的一种或几种。所述的添加剂为碳酸钾、碳酸铯、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、吡啶、二异丙基乙基胺中的一种或几种。
反应温度为15-60℃,优选为20-40℃。反应时间为1-8h。
有益效果:本发明的荧光分子,吡唑啉环3-位上引入具有拉电子效应的-COOEt基团,促进了 N1—N2—C3的分子内电荷转移,同时在吡唑啉环4-位上引入α,β-不饱和酮结构,增大了吡唑啉分子的共轭体系,使其激发波长和发射波长都有较大程度红移。另一方面,该类吡唑啉分子具有较大的stokes位移,实现分子在固体状态发射红色荧光。本发明提供的荧光分子制备工艺条件温和、操作简便、原料易得、实用性强,在荧光检测、小分子发光材料、生物成像等领域有非常好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1所述荧光分子的紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图;
图2是本发明实施例1所述荧光分子的固体荧光发射谱图;
图3是本发明实施例2所述荧光分子的紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图;
图4是本发明实施例2所述荧光分子的固体荧光发射谱图;
图5是本发明实施例3所述荧光分子的紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图;
图6是本发明实施例3所述荧光分子的固体荧光发射谱图;
图7是本发明实施例4所述荧光分子的紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图;
图8是本发明实施例4所述荧光分子的固体荧光发射谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但并不限制本发明的内容。
实施例1
本实施例中,所述荧光分子的结构式为:
Figure BDA0003378483430000031
其制备方法为:氮气保护下,向100mL圆底烧瓶中加入5.0mmol腈亚胺和20mL 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌下加入含有15mmol硫叶立德的三乙胺(25mmol)溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌至 TLC检测反应结束。反应液过滤后,浓缩并柱层析(乙酸乙酯乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:5)分离得到相应的1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。产物为红色固体,收率达80%。
产物紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图见图1,固体荧光发射谱图见图2。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.16(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.78(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.29–7.24(m, 4H),7.20(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.15–7.10(m,1H),6.98(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.68(t,J=8.1Hz,1H), 4.52–4.44(m,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.18(s,3H),1.49(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3) δ192.69,162.80(d,J=242.9Hz),162.07,158.01,145.12,140.58,138.53,134.87,134.63,132.86, 129.81(d,J=9.0Hz),129.37,129.10,128.72,125.62,118.70,113.22,110.82(d,J=21.3Hz),105.20 (d,J=27.2Hz),97.81,61.40,21.76,21.05,14.39.
实施例2
本实施例中,所述荧光分子的结构式为:
Figure BDA0003378483430000032
其制备方法为:氮气保护下,向100mL圆底烧瓶中加入5.0mmol腈亚胺和20mL 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌下加入含有15mmol硫叶立德的三乙胺(25mmol)溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌至 TLC检测反应结束。反应液过滤后,浓缩并柱层析(乙酸乙酯乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:5)分离得到相应的1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。产物为红色固体,收率达72%。
产物紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图见图3,固体荧光发射谱图见图4。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.82–7.77(m,4H),7.34–7.27 (m,3H),7.21(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),4.52–4.47(m,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.17(s, 3H),1.51(t,J=6.6Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ192.64,161.81,157.35,148.54,145.34, 140.12,138.81,134.50,134.48,134.17,129.42,129.38,129.15,128.84,125.70,122.77,119.93, 118.14,112.33,97.55,61.61,21.76,21.02,14.38.
实施例3
本实施例中,所述荧光分子的结构式为:
Figure BDA0003378483430000041
其制备方法为:氮气保护下,向100mL圆底烧瓶中加入5.0mmol腈亚胺和20mL 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌下加入含有15mmol硫叶立德的三乙胺(25mmol)溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌至 TLC检测反应结束。反应液过滤后,浓缩并柱层析(乙酸乙酯乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:5)分离得到相应的1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。产物为红色固体,收率达80%。
产物紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图见图5,固体荧光发射谱图见图6。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.19(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.77(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=8.9 Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.20(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.14(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=8.0 Hz,2H),4.51–4.43(m,2H),2.37(s,3H),2.17(s,3H),1.48(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz, CDCl3)δ192.65,162.07,158.04,145.06,138.54,137.74,134.84,134.65,132.58,129.46,129.34, 129.11,129.03,128.69,128.67,125.59,119.03,118.49,118.43,97.96,61.33,21.69,21.06,14.39.
实施例4
本实施例中,所述荧光分子的结构式为:
Figure BDA0003378483430000042
其制备方法为:氮气保护下,向50mL圆底烧瓶中加入5.0mmol腈亚胺和20mL 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌下加入含有15mmol硫叶立德的三乙胺(25mmol)溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌至 TLC检测反应结束。反应液过滤后,浓缩并柱层析分离得到相应的1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。产物为红色固体,收率达52%。
产物紫外吸收和荧光发射谱图见图7,固体荧光发射谱图见图8。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.16(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.77(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.58(d,J=8.9 Hz,2H),7.45(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.22(t,J=8.2Hz,4H),6.99(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.54–4.43(m, 2H)),2.38(s,3H),2.18(s,3H),1.49(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ192.69, 161.71,157.10,145.45,142.33,138.82,134.62,134.50,134.35,132.84,129.43,129.14,128.85, 125.56,120.01,119.10,117.07,106.16,97.33,61.67,21.75,21.02,14.34。

Claims (8)

1.一种荧光分子1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉,其特征在于,结构如式(I)所示:
Figure 506283DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(I)。
2.根据权利要求1所述荧光分子的合成方法,其特征在于,在氮气保护下,有机溶剂中,存在添加剂时,使硫叶立德和腈亚胺进行反应,柱层析分离后得到所述的1,5-二芳基取代吡唑啉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,硫叶立德的结构如式(II)所示:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(II)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,腈亚胺的结构如式(III)所示:
Figure 157844DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(III)。
5.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,硫叶立德、腈亚胺、添加剂的摩尔比优选为:1 : 2-3 : 3-5。
6.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、1,4-二氧六环、乙腈、氯仿中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,添加剂为碳酸钾、碳酸铯、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、吡啶、二异丙基乙基胺中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的荧光分子,在作为固体发光材料方面的应用。
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