CN114050705B - Electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method - Google Patents

Electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method Download PDF

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CN114050705B
CN114050705B CN202111397772.XA CN202111397772A CN114050705B CN 114050705 B CN114050705 B CN 114050705B CN 202111397772 A CN202111397772 A CN 202111397772A CN 114050705 B CN114050705 B CN 114050705B
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stator winding
rotary
magnetic field
electric excitation
magnetic
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CN114050705A (en
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王曙鸿
骆力州
寇可焓
段娜娜
张那明
张军
王锡凡
王秀丽
张寅捷
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K47/00Dynamo-electric converters
    • H02K47/18AC/AC converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K47/00Dynamo-electric converters
    • H02K47/18AC/AC converters
    • H02K47/22Single-armature frequency converters with or without phase-number conversion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core and the outer stator core, a salient pole magnetic modulation block is arranged on the outer side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring, and an electro-magnetic non-salient pole is arranged on the inner side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring; the transformer and the design method can realize electric energy frequency conversion and have the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance.

Description

Electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and electric power engineering, and particularly relates to an electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method.
Background
The power grid is an important infrastructure related to national economy, and is an important platform for optimal configuration of power transmission carriers and energy resources. In recent years, especially with the rapid development of clean energy and the popularization and application of power grid intelligent technology, traditional power systems are rapidly showing new characteristics of high-proportion power electronics and high-proportion new energy power sources. Because the sequential energy and productivity of China are reversely distributed, and the energy production is far away from an electricity load center, in order to meet the ever-increasing electricity utilization requirement of economic and social development, more urgent requirements are put forward on strengthening the interconnection and flexible control of a power grid and improving the capability of optimizing and configuring energy resources of the power grid. The renewable energy power generating set is significantly different from a traditional synchronous generator and flexible alternating current and direct current power transmission and transformation and traditional power transmission and transformation, and needs the intervention of a frequency converter in the aspect of asynchronous interconnection among different frequency power grids, so that the dynamic behavior of the system is deeply changed, and the system stability (such as power angle stability, voltage stability and frequency stability) is significantly influenced.
At present, power grid frequency conversion is basically realized by using power electronic equipment, large-scale power electronic equipment is very expensive in manufacturing cost under the background of high-power application, a control circuit is required to be matched with a system for operation, and the system is complex and is easy to break down. The core technology is that a rotary transformer with three-phase windings is arranged on the sides of a stator and a rotor, and a direct current motor driving system ensures that an equivalent rotor magnetic field and a stator magnetic field are synchronous in a rotating space to adjust the phase difference of the rotor magnetic field compared with the stator magnetic field, so that the direction and the size of active power transmitted by the variable frequency transformer are changed. However, this device requires an additional dc motor to drive the rotor, and it is difficult to further improve the efficiency.
The high-power electromagnetic type electric energy conversion device has wide application space in our country, but the research on the aspect is less in China at present, and no device with high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance is applied in the field of electric energy frequency conversion, so that the technology is deeply researched and timely popularized and applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an electric excitation variable-voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the design method of the electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle of the invention comprises the following steps:
a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core and the outer stator core, a salient pole magnetic modulation block is arranged on the outer side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring, and an electro-magnetic non-salient pole is arranged on the inner side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring;
the method comprises the steps that a salient pole magnet adjusting block on the outer side of a rotary magnet adjusting ring and an electric excitation hidden pole on the inner side of the rotary magnet adjusting ring are utilized, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by an inner stator winding with p opposite poles is modulated into an np opposite pole rotary magnetic field, the np opposite poles correspond to np opposite poles of an outer stator winding, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding and the modulated three-phase rotary magnetic field rotate at a synchronous rotating speed, and the modulated rotary magnetic field induces n-fold symmetric three-phase alternating-current voltage in the outer stator winding.
The invention relates to an electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, which comprises an outer stator iron core, an outer stator winding, a rotary magnetic regulation ring, an inner stator iron core and an inner stator winding, wherein the outer stator winding is arranged on the outer stator iron core;
the inner stator iron core, the rotary magnetic adjusting ring and the outer stator iron core are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding is wound on the inner stator iron core, an outer stator winding is wound in the outer stator iron core, and a salient pole magnetic adjusting block is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring; the inner wall of the rotary magnetic modulation ring is provided with a starting cage and an electric excitation winding.
The number of the salient pole magnetic adjusting blocks is the sum of the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding and the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding.
The number of pole pairs of the electric excitation non-salient poles is the same as that of the pole pairs of the inner stator winding.
Angular velocity ω of modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w Angular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ring s And the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding n Satisfy the following closingIs represented by the following formula:
ω w =ω n =ω s
the inner wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring is provided with a starting cage.
The outer stator winding is connected with a three-phase filter circuit.
The number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding is 2; the number of the pole pairs of the outer stator winding is 6, the number of the salient pole magnetic adjusting blocks is 8, and the number of the pole pairs of the electric excitation non-salient poles is 6.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the electric excitation voltage-variable frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle and the design method thereof are operated specifically, a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between an inner stator core and an outer stator core, a salient pole magnetic modulation block is arranged on the outer side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring, and an electric excitation non-salient pole is arranged on the inner side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring; the device is characterized in that a salient pole magnet adjusting block outside a rotary magnet adjusting ring and an electric excitation non-salient pole inside the rotary magnet adjusting ring are utilized, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by an inner stator winding with p pairs of poles is modulated into a rotary magnetic field with np pairs of poles, the rotary magnetic field corresponds to np pairs of poles of an outer stator winding, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding and the modulated three-phase rotary magnetic field rotate at synchronous speed, the modulated rotary magnetic field induces n-fold symmetric three-phase alternating current voltage in the outer stator winding to realize n-fold frequency conversion, the device can be completely separated from power electronic equipment to realize frequency and voltage conversion, only comprises components such as an iron core, a winding and a permanent magnet, and the device has the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance. Finally, the invention can meet the requirements of frequency and voltage conversion in various application scenes, can meet the requirements of frequency conversion and energy conversion, simultaneously can give consideration to the characteristics, can not output reactive power to a power grid, and can not output harmonic waves to the power grid to pollute the power grid, thereby stably and reliably completing the task of frequency and voltage conversion.
Furthermore, the invention is provided with the starting cage, the self-starting of the rotating magnetic adjusting ring can be realized by the aid of the starting cage, and then the rotating magnetic adjusting ring automatically moves to the synchronous speed without the aid of a control circuit.
Further, a three-phase filter circuit is provided, which can filter out harmonic waves and reduce the waveform distortion rate of each phase voltage and line current, wherein the filter resistance is very small, and the reduction of the output voltage is hardly caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating operation of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph of input and output voltage waveforms for an embodiment.
Wherein, 1 is an outer stator core, 2 is an outer stator winding, 3 is a salient pole magnetic adjusting block, 4 is a starting cage, 5 is an electric excitation winding, 6 is an electric excitation non-salient pole, 7 is an inner stator core, and 7 is an inner stator winding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the design method of the electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle of the present invention includes the following steps:
in order to realize n times of frequency conversion, a salient pole magnet adjusting block 3 on the outer side of a rotary magnet adjusting ring and an electric excitation hidden pole 6 on the inner side of the rotary magnet adjusting ring are utilized to modulate rotary magnetomotive force generated by an inner stator winding 8 with p opposite poles into a rotary magnetic field with np opposite poles, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 8 and the modulated three-phase rotary magnetic field rotate at synchronous rotating speed, and n-fold frequency symmetrical three-phase alternating current voltage is induced in the outer stator winding 2 by the modulated rotary magnetic field and is output.
When three-phase symmetrical current flows, the inner stator winding 8 generates rotating magnetomotive force, the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetomotive force is related to the winding arrangement, and the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 8 is distributed in space F n (θ) is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003370629840000061
wherein i is the number of harmonics, F i Amplitude of the magnetomotive force being harmonic of corresponding order, p n Is the pole pair number, omega, of the inner stator winding 8 n Angular velocity, theta, of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 8 0 Is the angle of the initial position, theta is the spatial angle, and t is the time at that moment.
The distribution of the flux guide lambda (theta) of the rotary magnetic modulation ring in the space is represented as follows:
Figure BDA0003370629840000062
wherein j is the number of harmonics, Λ 0 Being a constant component in the flux-guide, Λ j The amplitude of harmonic magnetomotive force with corresponding times, Z is the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3, omega s In order to rotate the angular velocity of the magnetic modulation ring, theta is a space angle, and t is time at the moment.
The modulated magnetic flux is F n (θ) multiplied by Λ (θ); modulated rotating magnetic field pole pairNumber p w (i.e., the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding 2), the number of pole pairs p of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 8 n And the number Z of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3 satisfies the following relational expression:
p w +p n =np+p=(n+1)p=Z
angular velocity ω of modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w (i.e., the angular velocity of the rotating magnetomotive force induced by the induced current in the outer stator winding 2), and the angular velocity ω of the rotating flux ring s And the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding 8 n The following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370629840000063
in order to realize the purpose, the number Z of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3 is (n + 1) p, and the angular velocity omega of the rotary magnet adjusting ring s The following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370629840000071
namely, it is
ω w =ω n =ω s
Further, in order to ensure that the angular speed of the rotary magnet adjusting ring meets the relation, p pairs of electric excitation hidden poles 6 and electric excitation windings 5 are added on the inner side of the rotary magnet adjusting ring, direct current is introduced into the electric excitation hidden poles 6 through the electric excitation windings 5 to carry out excitation, the number of pole pairs of the electric excitation hidden poles 6 and the number of pole pairs of the inner stator windings 8 are the same, and the rotary magnet adjusting ring keeps synchronous rotating speed in stable operation.
Example one
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment exemplifies 3 times frequency conversion, and the electromagnetic excitation voltage conversion frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle includes an outer stator core 1, an outer stator winding 2, a salient pole magnet adjusting block 3, a starting cage 4, an electromagnetic excitation winding 5, an electromagnetic excitation hidden pole 6, an inner stator core 7 and an inner stator winding 8;
the inner stator iron core 7, the rotary magnetic adjusting ring and the outer stator iron core 1 are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding 8 is wound on the inner stator iron core 7, an outer stator winding 2 is wound in the outer stator iron core 1, and a salient pole magnetic adjusting block 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring; the inner wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring is provided with a starting cage 4 and an electric excitation winding 5.
In the embodiment, the inner stator winding 8 is an input end, and the number of pole pairs is 2; the outer stator winding 2 is an output end, and the number of pole pairs is 6. The number of pole pairs satisfies 3 times, the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks is 3, the number of the pole pairs of the electric excitation non-salient poles 6 is 8, the number of the pole pairs is 2, the number of the pole pairs is the same as that of the pole pairs of the inner stator winding 8, the number relation of all parts satisfies the design principle, and the angular speed omega of the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w Angular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ring s And the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding 8 n The following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370629840000072
namely that
ω w =ω n =ω s
The embodiment can realize the conversion of the output end voltage frequency into the input end voltage frequency by 3 times, and the conversion of the voltage amplitude can be realized by changing the winding turns. Due to the fact that the starting cage 4 is installed, asynchronous self-starting can be achieved, then synchronous speed rotation is achieved, participation of any control circuit is not needed in the process from starting to stable operation, the device is simple in structure, high in stability and reliability in the operation process, and the device can adapt to severe working environments.
Fig. 3 is a circuit for operating the voltage converter. In the circuit, the voltage converter comprises three-phase windings of an input end A, a B and a C and three-phase windings of an output end A, a B and a C, wherein the three-phase windings of the input end and the three-phase windings of the output end are in star connection. The three-phase winding of the input end is respectively connected with three-phase alternating current voltage sources A, B and C, and the common point of the three-phase alternating current voltage sources is grounded; the three-phase winding of the output end is connected with a filter resistor and then connected with a three-phase load resistor, a filter is connected on the load resistor in parallel, and the load resistor is connected to a common point of the ground.
The frequency of the three-phase alternating voltage source can be converted into n times by the voltage converter and then output to the load from the output end, for the first embodiment, the conversion of 3 times can be realized, the multiple of the frequency conversion can be changed by changing the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding 8, the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding 2 and the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3, and simultaneously the number of pole pairs of the electrically excited hidden pole 6 is changed, so that synchronous rotation is realized.
The waveform distortion rate of the existing line voltage is small, but the phase voltage has certain waveform distortion, and the function of filtering phase voltage harmonic waves can be realized by matching a filter and a filter resistor in a circuit. The resistance of the filter resistor is selected to be far larger than the impedance of the filter branch circuit and far smaller than the resistance of the load resistor, so that the filtering effect is ensured and the amplitude of the output voltage is not reduced.
Fig. 4 shows input and output voltage waveforms of the voltage converter, which are the input and output voltage waveforms of the voltage converter having the topology of fig. 2, it can be known from fig. 4 that the voltage frequency of the output line is 3 times of the input line voltage frequency, the voltage converter realizes the function of 3 times frequency conversion, and the amplitude of the voltage can be changed.
Finally, it should be noted that the invention adopts the salient pole magnet adjusting block 3 outside the rotary magnet adjusting ring to perform magnetic field modulation, so as to realize the function of frequency conversion, and the inside of the rotary magnet adjusting ring is provided with the electro-magnetic hidden pole 6, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the rotary magnet adjusting ring, so as to completely separate from the power electronic equipment to realize the frequency and voltage conversion, and the device only comprises components such as an iron core, a winding, a permanent magnet and the like, thereby having good economical efficiency. According to different frequency conversion and voltage conversion requirements, corresponding functions can be realized by changing the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the inner stator winding 8, the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the outer stator winding 2 and the number of 3 salient pole magnet adjusting blocks outside the rotary magnet adjusting ring. The direct current led into the electric excitation winding 5 is adjusted, so that the voltage converter can be adjusted to absorb and send out reactive power, and the effect of adjusting the reactive power of a power grid is achieved. The system has the function of self-starting and is simple in structure. The device has the advantages of small waveform distortion rate of output voltage and current, no pollution to a power grid, high working reliability, stable operation and capability of adapting to severe working environment.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and after reading the present application, those skilled in the art will make various modifications or alterations of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments within the scope of the claims of the present patent application.

Claims (8)

1. A design method of an electric excitation voltage converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core (7) and the outer stator core (1), a salient pole magnetic modulation block (3) is arranged on the outer side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring, and an electric excitation non-salient pole (6) is arranged on the inner side of the rotary magnetic modulation ring;
the method comprises the steps that a salient pole magnet adjusting block (3) on the outer side of a rotary magnet adjusting ring and an electric excitation hidden pole (6) on the inner side of the rotary magnet adjusting ring are utilized, rotary magnetomotive force generated by an inner stator winding (8) with p opposite poles is modulated into a rotary magnetic field with np opposite poles, the rotary magnetomotive force corresponds to np opposite poles of an outer stator winding (2), the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding (8) and a modulated three-phase rotary magnetic field rotate at a synchronous rotating speed, and the modulated rotary magnetic field induces n-fold frequency symmetrical three-phase alternating current voltage in the outer stator winding (2).
2. An electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising an outer stator iron core (1), an outer stator winding (2), a rotary magnetic regulation ring, an inner stator iron core (7) and an inner stator winding (8);
the inner stator iron core (7), the rotary modulating ring and the outer stator iron core (1) are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding (8) is wound on the inner stator iron core (7), an outer stator winding (2) is wound in the outer stator iron core (1), and a salient pole modulating block (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary modulating ring; the inner wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring is provided with a starting cage (4) and an electric excitation winding (5), and the number of poles of the outer stator winding (2) is n times of the number of poles of the inner stator winding (8).
3. The electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the salient pole magnetic modulation blocks (3) is the sum of the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding (2) and the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (8).
4. The frequency converter according to claim 2, wherein the number of pole pairs of the hidden electro-magnetic pole (6) is the same as the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (8).
5. The electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the angular velocity ω of the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w Angular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ring s And the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding (8) n The following relation is satisfied:
ω w =ω n =ω s
6. the electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the rotary magnetic modulation ring is provided with a start cage (4).
7. The electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 2, wherein the outer stator winding (2) is connected with a three-phase filter circuit.
8. The electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 2, wherein the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (8) is 2; the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding (2) is 6, the number of the salient pole magnetic adjusting blocks (3) is 8, and the number of pole pairs of the electro-magnetic non-salient poles (6) is 2.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202978667U (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-06-05 中国矿业大学 Variable-frequency transformer
CN111509938A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-08-07 江苏大学 Multi-working-mode double-stator magnetic field modulation motor
CN211377853U (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-08-28 国家能源集团谏壁发电厂 Winding type permanent magnet coupling speed regulating motor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2488129A (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-08-22 Rolls Royce Plc Modulated field electromagnetic machine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202978667U (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-06-05 中国矿业大学 Variable-frequency transformer
CN211377853U (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-08-28 国家能源集团谏壁发电厂 Winding type permanent magnet coupling speed regulating motor
CN111509938A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-08-07 江苏大学 Multi-working-mode double-stator magnetic field modulation motor

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