CN106253530B - One kind is across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes - Google Patents

One kind is across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes Download PDF

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CN106253530B
CN106253530B CN201610800718.8A CN201610800718A CN106253530B CN 106253530 B CN106253530 B CN 106253530B CN 201610800718 A CN201610800718 A CN 201610800718A CN 106253530 B CN106253530 B CN 106253530B
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stator
winding
vernier
rotor
motor
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CN106253530A (en
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李大伟
邹天杰
曲荣海
任翔
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/18Windings for salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28Layout of windings or of connections between windings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes, it includes stator (1) and rotor (2), wherein, stator (1) is cylindrical, multiple grooves are uniformly provided on cylinder peripheral wall, for each groove for accommodating winding, the convex portion between each groove on cylinder peripheral wall forms stator tooth;Rotor (2) is in circular ring shape, and arranged for interval has multiple permanent magnets on cylinder peripheral wall;The armature winding of the vernier magneto is the concentratred winding across two teeth.The present invention is substantially reduced across the winding span of two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes compared to traditional vernier motor, and end is shorter, effectively reduces copper wastage, reduces motor volume, improves electric efficiency;Using the concentratred winding across two teeth, so that the ultimate ratio of vernier motor is reduced between 2~5, in the case where losing the output torque of small percentage, the power factor of motor can be made to be increased to 0.8 or more.

Description

One kind is across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes
Technical field
The invention belongs to vernier motor fields, more particularly, to one kind across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes.
Background technique
Under fossil energy background in short supply, exploitation new energy has become the urgent task of various countries.Various novel In the energy, wind energy has due to abundance, pollution-free, technology relative maturity and solves current electricity shortage and future source of energy The potentiality of crisis, and be widely studied.As the important equipment for obtaining wind energy, wind-driven generator also becomes research hotspot.
Since blade of wind-driven generator revolving speed is lower, input torque is larger, in order to by blade kinetic characteristic and motor characteristic Cooperation, there are mainly two types of existing wind generator design thinkings, one is mechanical gearbox is utilized, by blade low speed, high turn The conversion of motion of square is the movement of high speed, low torque, reuses common generator and completes power generation process, this generator is known as The generator of non-direct drive formula;Another thinking is directly to match the revolving speed of motor and torque with blade, i.e., motor has higher Output torque and lower revolving speed, this generator be known as direct drive generator.The wind-driven generator of direct-drive type saves machine Tool gearbox has many advantages, such as that structure is simple, maintenance period is long, high-efficient.Meanwhile direct-drive aerogenerator volume is big, weight Amount is heavy, and the manufacturing cost of wind-driven generator can be greatly reduced in the wind-driven generator for developing high power density, has very high society It can economic benefit.Magnetic field modulation motor just belongs to typical high torque density electrical machine topology, is widely studied in recent years.Magnetic field tune Motor processed have various topological structures, and wherein vernier magneto due to structure it is the simplest, become in magnetic field modulation motor One of research hotspot, be expected to obtain large-scale engineering applications.
Conventional vernier motor, rotor number of pole-pairs is more, and close with number of stator teeth, and stator number of pole-pairs is comparatively small.It is fixed Multiple tooth few pole structure of son so that the stator winding of conventional vernier motor is all made of integer slot winding, and ultimate ratio 5 or with On, as shown in Fig. 2, for a kind of 12 slots, 2 pairs of poles of stator, the conventional three-phase vernier motor of 5 pairs of poles of rotor, using every extremely every phase slot The lap winding connection type that number is 1, two coil sides of each coil need to be connected by the end turn across three teeth.As shown in figure 3, For a kind of 12 slots, 1 pair of pole of stator, the conventional three-phase vernier motor of 1 pair of pole of rotor is connected with the lap winding that MgO-ZrO_2 brick is 2 Mode is connect, two coil sides of each coil need to be connected by the end turn across six teeth.As it can be seen that when the stator of conventional vernier motor When winding is all made of integer slot winding, winding overhang institute is at least 3 across the number of teeth, and the setting of this winding results in the one of vernier motor Kind main problem, i.e. winding overhang span are too long.
To solve the problems, such as that winding overhang is too long, there are two types of prior arts, and one is use Circular Winding, but such The vernier motor Shi Caineng that winding only applies to dual-rotor structure effectively reduces winding overhang.Such as Chinese patent CN103178667A discloses a kind of Axial-magnetic-fielddouble-stator double-stator vernier motor comprising rotor and stator, it is characterised in that described Stator is two, and with the opposite mode coaxial spaced arrangement of groove, the rotor coaxial is arranged between two stators, close in torque It spends in similar situation, compared with traditional vernier motor, the power factor (PF) of the bimorph transducer vernier motor is significantly improved.Another kind side Case be using non-overlapping winding, such as the canonical topology that Fig. 3 is the type vernier motor, but such winding must apply to it is special In the vernier motor for assisting tooth slot structure.
But existing two kinds of special winding schemes are required to combine with special electric machine structure, and for as shown in Figure 1 Conventional vernier motor topology, prior art can only use integer slot winding, this winding method cause winding overhang across Away from too long, quite a few stator volume occupied, and increase copper wastage, weaken the advantage of such motor high torque density, dropped Low electric efficiency.
In addition to winding overhang is too long, another big major defect of existing vernier motor is that power factor is low, use and biography When electric load similar in system magneto, vernier motor power factor and ultimate ratio are in inverse correlation relationship, and ultimate ratio is higher, number of stator teeth Closer with rotor number of pole-pairs, permanent magnet leakage field is more serious, and main flux is lower, and existing vernier motor power factor is down to 0.2 ~0.3.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of using the trip across two tooth concentratred windings Mark magneto.The winding span of this vernier motor topology is substantially reduced compared to traditional vernier motor, and end is shorter, effectively Copper wastage is reduced, motor volume is reduced.Meanwhile using the concentratred winding across two teeth, so that the ultimate ratio of vernier motor drops It is low, in the case where losing the output torque of small percentage, the power factor of motor can be greatly improved.
To achieve the above object, the vernier magneto across two tooth concentratred windings, packet are used the present invention provides a kind of Including stator and rotor, wherein stator is cylindrical, and multiple grooves are uniformly provided on cylinder peripheral wall, and each groove is used to accommodate winding, Convex portion between each groove on cylinder peripheral wall forms stator tooth;
Rotor is in circular ring shape, and arranged for interval has multiple permanent magnets on cylinder peripheral wall;
It is characterized in that, the armature winding of the vernier magneto is the concentratred winding across two teeth.
Further, the number of stator slots Z of the vernier magneto, rotor number of pole-pairs Pr, stator number of pole-pairs Ps, need to meet Following relationship:
In formula: GCD (Z, Ps) indicate number of stator slots and stator number of pole-pairs greatest common divisor.
Further, the stator (1) and rotor (2) are coaxially to be arranged.
Further, stator (1) and rotor (2) can be external stator inner rotor core, be also possible to outer rotor inner stator Structure.
Further, one kind is across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes in wind engine system or Marine power plant Application.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show Beneficial effect:
(1) in the present invention, a kind of winding span across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes is electric compared to traditional vernier Machine is substantially reduced, and end is shorter, effectively reduces copper wastage, reduces motor volume, improves electric efficiency.
(2) in the present invention, using the concentratred winding across two teeth, so that the ultimate ratio of vernier motor is reduced between 2~5, In the case where the output torque for losing small percentage, the power factor of motor can be made to be increased to 0.8 or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of conventional vernier magneto schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of 12 slot of stator in the prior art, 10 pairs of poles of rotor, the conventional vernier magneto one of ultimate ratio 5 to 1 Phase integer slot lap winding wiring schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of 6 major trough of stator in the prior art, contains 18 auxiliary tanks, 2 pairs of poles of stator, the band width of 10 pairs of poles of rotor It is worth tooth slot structure, and using the vernier motor schematic diagram of non-overlapping winding;
Fig. 4 is a kind of 12 slot of stator in the prior art, 11 pairs of poles of rotor, the conventional vernier magneto of ultimate ratio 11 to 1 One phase integer slot lap winding wiring schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is one kind of the embodiment of the present invention across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes, i.e. 18 slot of stator, rotor 14 is right Pole, the phase winding wiring schematic diagram across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors of ultimate ratio 3.5 to 1;
Fig. 6 is one kind of the embodiment of the present invention across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes, i.e. 18 slot of stator, rotor 14 is right Pole, the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors of ultimate ratio 3.5 to 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below that Not constituting conflict between this can be combined with each other.
Fig. 5 is one kind of the embodiment of the present invention across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes comprising stator 1 and rotor 2, Wherein, stator 1 is cylindrical, is uniformly provided with multiple grooves on cylinder peripheral wall, and each groove is for accommodating winding, on cylinder peripheral wall Convex portion between each groove forms stator tooth;
Rotor 2 is in circular ring shape, and arranged for interval has multiple permanent magnets on cylinder peripheral wall;
It is characterized in that, the armature winding of the vernier magneto is the concentratred winding across two teeth.
Wherein, the number of stator slots Z of the vernier magneto, rotor number of pole-pairs Pr, stator number of pole-pairs Ps, need to meet as follows Relationship:
In formula (1): GCD (Z, Ps) indicate number of stator slots and stator number of pole-pairs greatest common divisor;Formula (1) is to realize three-phase The condition of symmetric winding is suitable for all exchange windings;
Formula (2) is the condition that all vernier motor rotor numbers of pole-pairs and number of stator slots need to meet, i.e. number of stator teeth is equal to On rotor the number of pole-pairs of the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet and stator armature winding and/or absolute value of the difference;
Formula (3) is the item of satisfaction needed for number of stator slots and stator number of pole-pairs of the present invention across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors Part, i.e., the MgO-ZrO_2 brick p of stator winding is between 0.5~1, wherein under the MgO-ZrO_2 brick p of stator winding passes through Formula calculates:
Wherein, Z is number of stator slots;M is number of motor phases, and in technical solution of the present invention, m takes 3;PsFor the extremely right of stator Number, then:
After meeting these three conditions, vernier motor winding overhang of the invention is all larger than across two tooth coilings, winding coefficient 0.86, ultimate ratio is between 2~5.
It is as follows that vernier magneto power factor calculates formula:
Wherein, PrRefer to rotor number of pole-pairs;PsSpecify sub- number of pole-pairs;LsRefer to the every phase inductance of motor;IphRefer to phase current;ΨmRefer to empty Carry lower permanent magnet flux linkage.
Vernier magneto power factor and the ratio between the product of motor inductances and phase current and main magnetic linkage are related.Conventional is whole Number slot lap winding vernier motor, rotor number of pole-pairs number and the number of teeth are very close, and a large amount of magnetic fluxs pass through air gap from magnetic pole and directly pass through Then stator teeth returns to another magnetic pole, without by stator winding, this results in permanent magnet leakage magnetic flux and greatly increases, together When, stator teeth is faced when adjacent permanent magnet one, one will face stator slot, and the magnetic circuit reluctance that adjacent permanent magnet is constituted is big, Cause main magnetic linkage very low.Further consider the ratio of armature inductance and main magnetic linkage, with the rising of ultimate ratio, which gradually increases Greatly, therefore power factor can be reduced with the raising of ultimate ratio.Conventional vernier motor power factor is even as low as 0.2 to 0.3.
Of the invention is losing the defeated of small percentage compared to traditional vernier motor across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors Out in the case where torque, electromagnetism live part still has very high torque density, winding overhang compared to conventional permanent magnet motor Also substantially shorten, the total volume of motor is also reduced while reducing winding copper loss.In addition, of the invention across two tooth concentratred windings The power factor of vernier motor is also significantly increased compared to traditional vernier motor, using negative with electricity similar in conventional permanent magnet motor When lotus, power factor can reach 0.8 or more.
In addition, stator 1 is coaxial be arranged with rotor 2.
Stator 1 and rotor 2 can be external stator inner rotor core, be also possible to the default minor structure of outer rotor.
Of the invention can be in wind engine system or Marine power plant across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes Using.
The present embodiment is chosen one of pole slot coordinated scheme and is illustrated, and Fig. 5 is one kind of the embodiment of the present invention across two Tooth concentratred winding vernier magneto, as shown in Figure 5, wherein stator is 18 slots, and rotor is 14 pairs of poles, and stator is 4 pairs of poles, pole Than for 3.5:1.It is consequently possible to calculate obtaining armature winding MgO-ZrO_2 brick is 0.75, armature winding is designed as across two The concentratred winding of tooth, winding overhang significantly shortens compared to conventional integer slot lap winding vernier motor, and winding coefficient can reach 0.95.When the present embodiment is used with electric load similar in conventional permanent magnet motor, power factor can reach 0.8 or more.
In the present embodiment, stator has 18 slots, and stator winding number of pole-pairs is 4, and rotor has 14 pairs of poles.Fig. 5 is depicted The connection type of a phase winding in the embodiment.Winding connection is as follows, and for any winding, there are two outlets End respectively takes a leading-out terminal to be connected in three-phase windings sometimes and is connected into Y-shaped, can also join end to end and be connected into " △ " type.Shown in Fig. 5 around Group has 6 coils, and each coil respectively accounts for a coil side in two slots, wherein the coil side close to rotor is known as lower layer Side is known as upper layer side far from rotor, and upper layer is connected while with lower layer, forms the loop construction of multiturn, each coil is by one A coil side access, another coil side are drawn.Winding as shown in the figure can be divided into two coil groups, and first group from the upper of loop A Layer side access, through loop A lower layer when connecting coil B lower layer, then through the upper layer coil B when connecting the upper layer coil C, under C It draws on layer side;Second group is accessed from the upper layer side of coil D, through coil D lower layer when connecting coil E lower layer, then by coil E Layer is drawn when connecting the upper layer coil F to F lower layer side.Two coil groups can be connected in series or in parallel, when series connection, coil C lower layer side The upper layer coil D side is connected, loop A upper layer is used as winding terminal while with F lower layer;When in parallel, the upper layer side phase of loop A and D Continuous cropping is one leading-out terminal of winding, and coil C is connected with F lower layer side as another leading-out terminal.
Fig. 6 is one kind of the embodiment of the present invention across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes, i.e. 18 slot of stator, rotor 14 is right Pole, the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors of ultimate ratio 3.5 to 1, as shown in fig. 6, when empty load of motor is transported When row, the air-gap field that magnetomotive force and the air-gap permeance effect for 14 pairs of pole that rotor permanent magnet generates generate mainly includes 4 pairs of poles With the rotating harmonic component of 14 pairs of pole, exactly equal to winding number of pole-pairs and its slot ripples number of pole-pairs.4 pairs of pole harmonic wave revolving speeds compared with Fastly, 14 pairs of pole harmonic wave revolving speeds are slower, back-emf can be incuded in armature winding, and two back-emf frequencies are identical as phase, altogether It is same to constitute the fundamental wave of back-emf.When motor passes to symmetrical three-phase alternating current identical with fundamental frequency, stabilization can be realized Power, that is, torque transmission.
Give a kind of 18 slot of stator in technical solution of the present invention, in embodiment, 14 pairs of poles of rotor, 4 pairs of poles of stator Pole slot coordinated scheme across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors, but during the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, table 1 have filtered out category Cooperate in the part slot number of scope, wherein PRRefer to rotor number of pole-pairs, kwRefer to that fundamental wave winding coefficient, SPP refer to every extremely every phase slot Number.Slot number cooperation that the present invention is not restricted to these, as long as meeting number of stator slots Z, rotor number of pole-pairs Pr, stator number of pole-pairs PsIt is above-mentioned The slot number of relationship cooperates.
Certain slot numbers cooperation of 1 present invention of table across two tooth concentratred winding vernier motors
In technical solution of the present invention, wind generator system is present invention one kind across two tooth concentratred winding vernier magnetoes Most typical application, but invention is not limitedly applied to wind power generation field, can also apply in Marine power plant or Other field.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种跨两齿集中绕组游标永磁电机,其包括定子(1)和转子(2),其中,所述定子(1)呈圆筒形,该圆筒形周壁上均匀开有多个凹槽,各凹槽用于容纳绕组,各凹槽之间的凸起部分形成定子齿;1. A vernier permanent magnet motor with a concentrated winding across two teeth, comprising a stator (1) and a rotor (2), wherein the stator (1) is cylindrical, and a plurality of grooves, each groove is used for accommodating windings, and the convex part between each groove forms stator teeth; 所述转子(2)呈圆环形,该圆环形周壁上间隔布置有多个永磁体;The rotor (2) is annular, and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the annular peripheral wall; 其特征在于,所述游标永磁电机的电枢绕组为跨两齿的集中绕组;It is characterized in that, the armature winding of the vernier permanent magnet motor is a concentrated winding spanning two teeth; 所述游标永磁电机的定子槽数Z,转子极对数Pr,定子极对数Ps,需满足如下关系:The number of stator slots Z, the number of rotor pole pairs P r , and the number of stator pole pairs P s of the vernier permanent magnet motor must satisfy the following relationship: 式中:GCD(Z,Ps)表示定子槽数与定子极对数的最大公约数,式(1)是实现三相对称绕组的条件;In the formula: GCD(Z, P s ) represents the greatest common divisor of the number of stator slots and the number of stator pole pairs, and formula (1) is the condition for realizing three-phase symmetrical winding; 式(2)是所有游标电机定转子极对数与定子槽数需满足的条件,即定子齿数等于转子上永磁体的极对数与定子电枢绕组的极对数之和或差的绝对值;Equation (2) is the condition that all vernier motors must meet for the number of pole pairs of stator and rotor and the number of stator slots, that is, the number of stator teeth is equal to the absolute value of the sum or difference of the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnets on the rotor and the number of pole pairs of the stator armature windings ; 式(3)为跨两齿集中绕组游标电机的定子槽数与定子极对数所需满足的条件,即定子绕组的每极每相槽数p介于0.5~1之间,其中,定子绕组的每极每相槽数p通过下式计算:Equation (3) is the condition that the number of stator slots and the number of stator pole pairs of the vernier motor with concentrated winding across two teeth need to be satisfied, that is, the number of slots p per pole per phase of the stator winding is between 0.5 and 1. Among them, the stator winding The number of slots per pole per phase p is calculated by the following formula: 其中,m为电机相数。Among them, m is the number of motor phases. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种跨两齿集中绕组游标永磁电机,其特征在于,所述定子(1)和转子(2)为同轴套设。2 . The concentrated winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 , wherein the stator ( 1 ) and the rotor ( 2 ) are coaxially sleeved. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种跨两齿集中绕组游标永磁电机,其特征在于,定子(1)与转子(2)可以是外定子内转子结构,也可以是外转子内定子结构。3. A kind of cross-tooth concentrated winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the stator (1) and the rotor (2) can be an outer stator inner rotor structure, or an outer rotor inner stator substructure. 4.权利要求1-3中任一项所述的一种跨两齿集中绕组游标永磁电机在风力发动系统或舰船动力系统中的应用。4 . The application of the two-tooth concentrated winding vernier permanent magnet motor described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in a wind power system or a ship power system.
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Application publication date: 20161221

Assignee: Zhixin Technology Co.,Ltd.

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Contract record no.: X2024980010515

Denomination of invention: A synchronous permanent magnet motor with concentrated winding across two teeth

Granted publication date: 20190412

License type: Common License

Record date: 20240730