CN114977835A - Axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on magnetic field modulation principle - Google Patents

Axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on magnetic field modulation principle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114977835A
CN114977835A CN202210530618.3A CN202210530618A CN114977835A CN 114977835 A CN114977835 A CN 114977835A CN 202210530618 A CN202210530618 A CN 202210530618A CN 114977835 A CN114977835 A CN 114977835A
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Prior art keywords
side stator
rotor
output
stator winding
magnetic field
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王曙鸿
张寅捷
张那明
段娜娜
张军
王锡凡
王秀丽
骆力州
寇可焓
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202210530618.3A priority Critical patent/CN114977835A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/32—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by dynamic converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial magnetic flux electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, which comprises an input side stator, a rotor and an output side stator, wherein the rotor is positioned between the input side stator and the output side stator; the input side stator comprises an input side stator iron core and an input side stator winding wound on the input side stator iron core; the rotor comprises a salient pole magnetic regulating iron core and an excitation coil wound on the salient pole magnetic regulating iron core; the output side stator comprises an output side stator iron core and an output side stator winding wound on the output side stator iron core, and the frequency converter has the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance.

Description

Axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on magnetic field modulation principle
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and electric power engineering, and relates to an axial magnetic flux electrically-excited variable-voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle.
Background
The power grid is an important infrastructure related to national economy, and is an important platform for optimal configuration of power transmission carriers and energy resources. In recent years, particularly with the rapid development of clean energy and the popularization and application of power grid intelligent technology, a traditional power system rapidly presents new characteristics of high-proportion power electronics and high-proportion new energy power supply. Because the sequential energy and productivity of China are reversely distributed, and the energy production is far away from an electricity load center, in order to meet the ever-increasing electricity utilization requirement of the economic and social development, more urgent requirements are provided for strengthening the interconnection and flexible control of the power grid and improving the capability of the power grid for optimizing and configuring energy resources. The renewable energy power generating set is significantly different from a traditional synchronous generator and flexible alternating current and direct current power transmission and transformation and traditional power transmission and transformation, and needs the intervention of a frequency converter in the aspect of asynchronous interconnection among different frequency power grids, so that the dynamic behavior of a system is deeply changed, and the system stability (such as stable power angle, stable voltage and stable frequency) is significantly influenced.
At present, power grid frequency conversion is basically realized by using power electronic equipment, large-scale power electronic equipment is very expensive in manufacturing cost under the background of high-power application, a control circuit is required to be matched with a system for operation, and the system is complex and is easy to break down. The core technology is that a rotary transformer with three-phase windings is arranged on the sides of a stator and a rotor, and a direct current motor driving system ensures that an equivalent rotor magnetic field and a stator magnetic field are synchronous in a rotating space to adjust the phase difference of a rotor magnetic field and a stator magnetic field so as to change the direction and the size of active power transmitted by the variable frequency transformer. However, this device requires an additional dc motor to drive the rotor, and it is difficult to further improve the efficiency.
The high-power electromagnetic type electric energy conversion device has wide application space in China, but at present, the research on the aspect is less in China, a device with high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance is not applied in the field of electric energy frequency conversion, and the technology is deeply researched and popularized and applied in due time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an axial flux electrically excited voltage converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, which has the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the axial magnetic flux electrically excited voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle comprises an input side stator, a rotor and an output side stator, wherein the rotor is positioned between the input side stator and the output side stator; the input side stator comprises an input side stator iron core and an input side stator winding wound on the input side stator iron core; the rotor comprises a salient pole magnetic regulating iron core and an excitation coil wound on the salient pole magnetic regulating iron core; the output side stator includes an output side stator core and an output side stator winding wound around the output side stator core.
The input side stator windings are arranged in three-phase p-antipodal arrangement.
When three-phase alternating current flows through the input side stator winding, p pairs of pole rotating magnetomotive force are generated.
Under the condition that the original frequency is converted into n times of frequency, the three-phase winding of the output side stator winding is arranged in np pairs.
When three-phase alternating current flows through the output-side stator winding, a rotational magnetomotive force of np counter poles is generated.
The salient pole magnet adjusting iron core of the rotor comprises (1+ n) p salient pole magnet adjusting blocks.
The number of pole pairs of the field coil on the rotor is p.
Angular velocity ω of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the induced current in the output-side stator winding w Angular velocity ω of the rotor s And the angular velocity ω of the rotating magnetic field generated by the input-side stator winding n Satisfy the relation:
Figure BDA0003646309350000031
i.e. omega w ＝ω n ＝ω s
Wherein p is w Is the number of pole pairs, p, of the stator winding on the output side n The number of pole pairs of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the stator winding at the input side is Z, and the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks of the rotor is Z.
A short-circuit coil is installed in the rotor.
And sensors are added in the input side stator winding, the output side stator winding and the rotor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle is specifically operated, the input side stator comprises an input side stator core and an input side stator winding wound on the input side stator core; the rotor comprises a salient pole magnetic regulating iron core and an excitation coil wound on the salient pole magnetic regulating iron core; the output side stator comprises an output side stator core and an output side stator winding wound on the output side stator core, the number of antipodes of the input side stator winding and the number of antipodes of the input side stator winding are changed to adjust the symmetrical three-phase alternating-current voltage of the frequency converter, the requirements of various application scenes on frequency and voltage conversion are met, the self characteristics can be considered while the frequency conversion and transduction requirements are met, reactive power can not be output to a power grid, harmonic waves can not be output to the power grid to pollute the power grid, and therefore the task of stably and reliably completing frequency and voltage conversion is achieved. It should be noted that the invention can completely separate from power electronic equipment to realize frequency conversion, can ensure that the input/output power factor and the output voltage/current waveform distortion rate meet the national standard requirement under rated power, can realize self-starting, has good stability, can be used in a plurality of severe working environments, can be suitable for various fields such as frequency division power transmission and the like, and has the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the design principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an oblique view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an air gap directional view of the input side stator;
FIG. 4 is an oblique view of the rotor;
FIG. 5 is an air gap directional view of the output side stator;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the operation of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph of input and output voltage waveforms of the present invention.
Here, 1 is an input side stator, 2 is a rotor, 3 is an output side stator, 4 is an input side stator core, 5 is an input side stator winding, 6 is an excitation coil, 7 is a salient pole magnetic control core, 8 is an output side stator core, and 9 is an output side stator winding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a design principle of a frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, in order to realize frequency conversion of n times, a rotor 2 is used for modulating a rotating magnetomotive force generated by an input side stator winding 5 of p opposite poles into a rotating magnetic field of np opposite poles, the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the input side stator winding 5 and a modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field are required to rotate at synchronous rotating speeds corresponding to np opposite poles of an output side stator winding 9, and therefore the modulated rotating magnetic field can induce n-fold-frequency symmetrical three-phase alternating-current voltage in the output side stator winding 9.
When three-phase symmetrical current flows, the stator winding can generate rotary magnetomotive force, the pole pair number of the rotary magnetomotive force is related to the winding arrangement, and the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the stator winding 5 at the input side is distributed in space F n (θ) is:
Figure BDA0003646309350000051
wherein i is the number of harmonics, F i Amplitude of the magnetomotive force being harmonic of corresponding order, p n Is the number of pole pairs, omega, of the stator winding 5 on the input side n Angular velocity, theta, of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the input-side stator winding 5 0 Is the angle of the initial position, theta is the spatial angular position at this moment, and t is the time at this moment.
The spatial distribution of the permeance Λ (θ) of the rotor 2 is represented as:
Figure BDA0003646309350000052
wherein j is the number of harmonics, Λ 0 Being a constant component in the flux-guide, Λ j Is the amplitude of the corresponding harmonic magnetomotive force, Z is the number of the salient pole magnet-regulating iron cores 7,ω s is the angular velocity of the rotor 2, theta is the spatial angular position at this moment, and t is the time at this moment.
Further, the modulated magnetic flux is F n The product of (θ) and Λ (θ). Modulated rotating magnetic field pole pair number p w (i.e., the number of pole pairs of the output-side stator winding 9) and the number of pole pairs p of the rotational magnetomotive force generated by the input-side stator winding 5 n And the number Z of the salient pole magnet-regulating iron cores 7 of the rotor 2 satisfy the relational expression:
p w +p n ＝np+p＝(n+1)p＝Z
angular velocity ω of modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w (i.e., angular velocity of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the induced current in the output side stator winding 9), and the angular velocity ω of the rotor 2 s And the angular velocity ω of the rotating magnetic field generated by the input-side stator winding 5 n Satisfies the relation:
Figure BDA0003646309350000061
to achieve the above object, the number Z of salient pole magnet-adjusting cores 7 is (n +1) p, and the angular velocity ω of the rotor 2 is set s The relation should be satisfied:
Figure BDA0003646309350000062
namely, it is
ω w ＝ω n ＝ω s
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the angular speed of the rotor 2 meets the relation, a p-pair pole excitation coil 6 is added on the rotor 2, the number of pole pairs of the excitation coil 6 and the number of pole pairs of the input side stator winding 5 are the same, and the rotor 2 keeps synchronous rotating speed in stable operation.
Example one
The problem will be described by taking an example of 3-fold frequency conversion. FIG. 2 is an oblique view of the present invention; fig. 3 is an air gap direction view of the input side stator 1; fig. 4 is an oblique view of the rotor 2; fig. 5 is an air gap direction view of the output side stator 3; the axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle comprises an input side stator 1, a rotor 2 and an output side stator 3, wherein the rotor 2 is positioned between the input side stator 1 and the output side stator 3; the input-side stator 1 includes an input-side stator core 4 and an input-side stator winding 5 wound around the input-side stator core 4, and the rotor 2 includes a salient pole flux regulating core 7 and an excitation coil 6 wound around the salient pole flux regulating core 7; the output stator 3 includes an output stator core 8 and an output stator winding 9 wound around the output stator core 8.
The input side stator winding 5 is an input end, and a 4-pole 12-slot integral-pitch centralized winding design is adopted; the output side stator winding 9 is an output end, a 12-pole 18-slot fractional slot centralized winding design is adopted, and the relation of 3 times of pole pairs is met, it should be understood that the stator pole slot matching and the winding design are not limited to the specific design of the example, only the requirement and the design target of the pole pairs are met, the number of the salient pole magnetic regulating iron cores 7 is 8, and the sum of the pole pairs of the input side stator winding 5 and the output side stator winding 9 is obtained. The number of pole pairs of the field coil 6 on the rotor 2 is 2, which is the same as the number of pole pairs of the input-side stator winding 5. The number relation of each part meets the design principle, and the angular velocity omega of the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field w (i.e., angular velocity of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the induced current in the output side stator winding 9), and the angular velocity ω of the rotor 2 s And the angular velocity ω of the rotating magnetic field generated by the input-side stator winding 5 n Satisfy the relation:
Figure BDA0003646309350000071
namely, it is
ω w ＝ω n ＝ω s
The relationship of angular velocities of the various parts is also consistent with design principles. The device can realize the conversion of the output end voltage frequency into the 3 times of the input end voltage frequency, and the conversion of the voltage amplitude can be realized by changing the number of turns of the winding. Those skilled in the art can understand that the rotor 2 can be grooved and added with a short-circuit coil to realize self-starting, then the rotor is driven to rotate at a synchronous speed, no control circuit is needed in the process from starting to stable operation, the device has a simple structure, has strong stability and reliability in the operation process, and can adapt to a severe working environment.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the operation of the present invention. In the circuit, the voltage converter comprises an input end three-phase winding and an output end three-phase winding, and the input end three-phase winding and the output end three-phase winding are in star connection. The three-phase winding of the input end is respectively connected with a three-phase alternating current voltage source, and the common point of the three-phase alternating current voltage sources is grounded; in order to reduce the sinusoidal distortion rate of output voltage and current, passive filtering measures are adopted in the embodiment, the three-phase winding at the output end is connected with a filtering resistor and then connected with a three-phase load resistor, a filter is connected in parallel with the load resistor, and the load resistor is connected to a common point of grounding.
The frequency of the three-phase alternating voltage source can be converted into n times by the voltage converter and then output to the load from the output end, for the topological structure in the illustration of the example, the frequency is converted into 3 times, the frequency conversion multiple can be changed by changing the number of pole pairs of the input side stator winding 5, the number of pole pairs of the output side stator winding 9 and the number of salient pole magnet adjusting rings of the rotor 2, and simultaneously changing the number of pole pairs of the exciting coil 6 so as to realize synchronous rotation.
The waveform distortion rate of the line voltage is very small, but the phase voltage has certain waveform distortion, and the filter resistor in the circuit can be matched to filter the phase voltage harmonic wave. The resistance of the filter resistor is selected to be far larger than the impedance of the filter branch circuit and far smaller than the resistance of the load resistor, so that the filtering effect can be ensured and the amplitude of the output voltage is not reduced.
The input and output voltage waveforms obtained by utilizing finite element electromagnetic simulation calculation software are shown in fig. 7, and as can be seen from fig. 7, the output line voltage frequency is 3 times of the input line voltage frequency.
The invention discloses an axial magnetic flux electric excitation variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, which adopts a rotor 2 to carry out magnetic field modulation to realize the function of frequency conversion, and an excitation coil 6 is arranged on the rotor 2 to realize the synchronous rotation of the rotor 2. The frequency and voltage conversion can be realized without power electronic equipment, and the device only comprises components such as an iron core, a winding, an excitation coil 6 and the like, thereby having good economical efficiency. According to different frequency conversion and voltage conversion requirements, corresponding functions can be realized by changing the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the input side stator winding 5, the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the output side stator winding 9 and the number of salient pole magnet adjusting blocks of the rotor 2. The rotor 2 can be added with a short-circuit coil to realize self-starting without participation of a control circuit, and the system structure is simpler. The invention has high output power factor, small distortion of output voltage and current waveform, no pollution to the power grid, high working reliability, stable operation and capability of adapting to a relatively severe working environment.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and after reading the present application, those skilled in the art will make various modifications or alterations of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments within the scope of the claims of the present patent application.

Claims (10)

1. An axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising an input side stator (1), a rotor (2) and an output side stator (3), wherein the rotor (2) is positioned between the input side stator (1) and the output side stator (3); the input side stator (1) comprises an input side stator core (4) and an input side stator winding (5) wound on the input side stator core (4); the rotor (2) comprises a salient pole magnetic regulating iron core (7) and an excitation coil (6) wound on the salient pole magnetic regulating iron core (7); the output-side stator (3) includes an output-side stator core (8) and an output-side stator winding (9) wound around the output-side stator core (8).
2. The axial-flux electrically-excited variable-voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 1, characterized in that the input-side stator winding (5) is arranged in three-phase p-antipodal arrangement.
3. The axial-flux electrically-excited voltage converter based on the field modulation principle according to claim 2, characterized in that when three-phase alternating current flows through the input-side stator winding (5), p pairs of poles of rotating magnetomotive force are generated.
4. The axial-flux electrically-excited variable-voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 3, characterized in that the three-phase winding of the output-side stator winding (9) is in np-antipodal arrangement under the condition that the original frequency is converted to n times the frequency.
5. The axial-flux electrically-excited voltage converter based on the field modulation principle according to claim 4, characterized in that when three-phase alternating current flows through the output-side stator winding (9), a rotating magnetomotive force of np pairs of poles is generated.
6. The axial-flux electrically-excited voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle of claim 4, wherein the salient pole magnetic core (7) of the rotor (2) comprises (1+ n) p salient pole magnetic blocks.
7. The axial-flux electrically-excited variable-voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of pole pairs of the exciting coil (6) on the rotor (2) is p.
8. The axial-flux electrically-excited voltage converter based on the field modulation principle according to claim 4, wherein the angular velocity ω of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the induced current in the output-side stator winding (9) w Angular velocity omega of rotor (2) s And the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the input-side stator winding (5) n Satisfy the relation:
Figure FDA0003646309340000021
i.e. omega w ＝ω n ＝ω s
Wherein p is w Is the pole pair number, p, of the stator winding (9) on the output side n Is the pole pair number of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the stator winding (5) at the input side, and Z is the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks of the rotor (2).
9. The axial-flux electrically-excited variable-voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 1, characterized in that a short-circuit coil is installed in the rotor (2).
10. The axial-flux electrically-excited voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 1, wherein sensors are added in the input-side stator winding (5), the output-side stator winding (9) and the rotor (2).
CN202210530618.3A 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 Axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on magnetic field modulation principle Pending CN114977835A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210530618.3A CN114977835A (en) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 Axial magnetic flux electric excitation voltage converter based on magnetic field modulation principle

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