CN101621276A - High-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system and starting method thereof - Google Patents
High-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system and starting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101621276A CN101621276A CN200810012107A CN200810012107A CN101621276A CN 101621276 A CN101621276 A CN 101621276A CN 200810012107 A CN200810012107 A CN 200810012107A CN 200810012107 A CN200810012107 A CN 200810012107A CN 101621276 A CN101621276 A CN 101621276A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a variable frequency speed control system, in particular to a high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system and a starting method thereof. The variable frequency speed control system comprises a brushless double-fed motor and a variable frequency controller, wherein a stator power winding of the brushless double-fed motor is directly connected with a power frequency electric network; a stator control winding is connected with the variable frequency controller; the variable frequency controller is directly connected with the power frequency electric network; the stator power winding and the stator control winding are in star shape connection, and the pole numbers of the stator power winding is different from that of the stator control winding; and a rotor of the brushless double-fed motor is a magnetic resistance rotor. The variable frequency speed control system has the following advantages: the cost of the speed control system is greatly reduced, the power factors of the power winding can be adjusted at will, the starting process is smoother, and the variable frequency speed control system is more suitable for the requirements on load use of fans and water pumps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of frequency conversion speed-adjusting system, relate in particular to a kind of high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system and startup method.
Background technology
In the frequency conversion speed-adjusting system of blower fan and the application of water pump field, the motor of use mainly contains cage-type rotor induction motor and wound-rotor induction motor at present, the each have their own advantage of frequency conversion speed-adjusting system that these two kinds of motor are formed, but also each have their own shortcoming.The cage-type rotor induction motor variable frequency speed regulation system in the application scenario that needs high power motor, needs the power of frequency converter also big, the cost height of frequency converter because the power of frequency converter is slightly larger than motor power (output).Wound-rotor induction motor adopts brush and slip ring to realize being connected of rotor winding and converter circuit, because sliding contact and wear of brush, not only reduced the motor reliability of operation, and brush needs periodic maintenance and replacing, increased operating cost and unreliability.Sliding contact is easy to generate spark in addition, is containing the flammable explosive gas environmental applications thereby reduced the moving motivation of wound-rotor induction.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that solves above-mentioned existence the invention provides a kind of high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system and startup method, purpose is to realize with low power frequency conversion device control high power motor, can save the cost of governing system significantly, the power factor that simultaneously can regulate the power winding arbitrarily, and saved brush and slip ring, made operation more safe and reliable.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system of the present invention, comprise brushless double-fed motor and frequency-variable controller, the stator power winding of brushless double-fed motor directly and common frequency power network link; Stator control winding and frequency-variable controller link, and frequency-variable controller is connected with common frequency power network; Stator power winding and stator control winding are that Y-connection connects, and the number of poles of stator power winding is different with the number of poles of stator control winding; The rotor of brushless double-fed motor is a reluctance rotor.
The number of poles of described stator power winding is 2p, and the number of poles of stator control winding is 2q, and the number of poles of reluctance rotor is p
r=p+q.
Pass between described motor speed and stator power winding current frequency, stator control winding current frequency and the reluctance rotor number of poles is:
If stator power winding and the same phase sequence of stator control winding current, following formula is got positive sign, and be supersynchronous operational mode this moment; If stator power winding and stator control winding current negative-phase sequence, following formula is got negative sign, and be the metasynchronism operational mode this moment; Work as f
2=0 o'clock,
Claim that this speed is the same leg speed of motor.
High-power brushless double-fed motor startup method of the present invention, asynchronous starting at first, the three-phase short circuit of the winding of brushless double-fed motor stator control at this moment together, brushless double-fed motor is in the asynchronous operation state, when rotating speed during near synchronous speed, stator control winding changes the feeding direct current into by short circuit, brushless double-fed motor is in the synchronous operation state, after motor synchronous operation steadily, stator control winding is changed into by the feeding direct current and connects frequency-variable controller, provides alternating current by stator control winding to motor.
Advantageous effect of the present invention: realize with low power frequency conversion device control high power motor, can save the cost of governing system significantly, simultaneously can regulate the power factor of power winding arbitrarily, and save brush and slip ring, make operation more safe and reliable.Start-up course is more steady, is applicable to the requirement that blower fan and pump-type load use more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a motor speed regulation system structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is motor principle figure of the present invention.
Among the figure 1, motor; 2, frequency-variable controller; 3, common frequency power network; 4, stator power winding; 5, stator control winding; 6, reluctance rotor.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
High-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system of the present invention as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 comprises brushless double-fed motor 1 and frequency-variable controller 2, the stator power winding of brushless double-fed motor 14 directly and common frequency power network 3 link; Stator control winding 5 links with frequency-variable controller 2; Frequency-variable controller 2 directly is connected with common frequency power network 3; Stator power winding 4 and stator control winding 5 connect for Y-connection; The rotor of brushless double-fed motor 1 is a reluctance rotor 6; The number of poles of stator power winding 4 is 2p, and the number of poles of stator control winding 5 is 2q, and the number of poles of reluctance rotor 6 is p
r=p+q, brushless double-fed motor at this moment are equivalent to the alternating current motor of (2p+2q) utmost point; Pass between motor 1 rotating speed and stator power winding 4 power frequencies, stator control winding 5 power frequencies and reluctance rotor 6 numbers of poles is:
If stator power winding 4 and the same phase sequence of stator control winding 5 electric currents, following formula is got positive sign, and be supersynchronous operational mode this moment; If stator power winding 4 and stator control winding 5 electric current negative-phase sequences, following formula is got negative sign, and be the metasynchronism operational mode this moment; Work as f
2=0 o'clock,
Claim that this speed is the same leg speed of motor.
High-power brushless double-fed motor startup method of the present invention, asynchronous starting at first, the three-phase short circuit of the winding of brushless double-fed motor stator control at this moment together, brushless double-fed motor is in the asynchronous operation state, when rotating speed during near synchronous speed, stator control winding changes the feeding direct current into by short circuit, brushless double-fed motor is in the synchronous operation state, after motor synchronous operation steadily, stator control winding is changed into by the feeding direct current and connects frequency-variable controller, provides alternating current by stator control winding to motor.
Operation principle of the present invention: the effect of brushless double-fed motor rotor is different with the conventional AC motor, its stator power winding and stator control winding that is coupled simultaneously, because stator power winding is different with the number of poles of stator control winding, rotor will play " number of poles transducer " effect.When the motor double-fed is moved, electric current produces the 2q pole field in the stator control winding, under a certain specific rotation speeds, the rotor winding produces rotor current after cutting this magnetic field in rotor conductor, also just in time satisfy the demand that produces same frequency speed back electromotive force in the stator 2p utmost point winding by the magnetic field that these electric currents produced, realize that stator two overlaps the coupled relation between different stator power winding of numbers of poles and the stator control winding, thereby realize the energy converting between mechanical of motor.
When the number of poles of stator power winding and stator control winding was respectively 2p and 2q, the rotor pole logarithm was p
r=p+q
When stator power winding feeds angular frequency through electrical network is ω
p, the phase current effective value is I
PThe three-phase symmetrical current, and with the axis of A phase winding as the georeferencing coordinate, the initial phase angle of establishing A phase winding electric current is zero, then its 2p utmost point first-harmonic rotation magnetomotive force of setting up in air gap is
f
p(φ,t)=F
pmcos(ω
pt-pφ)
Wherein, first-harmonic magnetomotive force amplitude is
φ for mechanical angle represent with respect to the position angle of stator A phase winding axis as the georeferencing coordinate; k
Wp1First-harmonic winding factor for stator power winding; w
pThe number of turn that whenever is in series for stator power winding.
When stator control winding feeds angular frequency through frequency-variable controller is ω
q, the phase current effective value is I
qThe three-phase symmetrical current, then its 2q utmost point first-harmonic rotation magnetomotive force of setting up in air gap is
f
q(φ,t)=F
qmcos(ω
qt-qφ+α)
Wherein, first-harmonic magnetomotive force amplitude is
k
Wq1First-harmonic winding factor for the control winding; w
qThe number of turn that whenever is in series for the control winding; α is the initial value of angle between synthetic magnetomotive force axis of control winding and the georeferencing coordinate.
In above-mentioned expression formula, supposed that stator power winding magnetomotive force is identical with stator control winding magnetomotive force direction of rotation, i.e. the same phase sequence of electric current that stator power winding and stator control winding feeds.
For reluctance rotor, high-order magnetic conductance proportion is less, and under the situation of ignoring the high-order magnetic conductance, the air gap of the reluctance rotor of rotation than magnetic conductance (unit are magnetic conductance) function is:
λ(φ,t)=λ
0+λ
1cos[p
r(ω
rmt-φ+θ
r0)]
λ
0Be the average weight of air-gap permeance, λ
1Amplitude for the single order magnetic conductance.θ
R0Initial value (mechanical angle) for angle between rotor and the georeferencing coordinate.ω
RmBe rotor mechanical angular speed.φ for mechanical angle represent with respect to the position angle of stator A phase winding axis as the georeferencing coordinate.
Air gap flux density is magnetomotive force and the product of air gap than magnetic conductance, is expressed as:
B(φ,t)=[f
p(φ,t)+f
q(φ,t)]λ(φ,t)
With the first-harmonic of two windings rotation magnetomotive force expression formula and air gap than magnetic conductance function expression substitution air gap flux density expression formula, following six air-gap field components:
B
pp(φ,t)=F
pmλ
0cos(ω
pt-pφ)
B
qq(φ,t)=F
qmλ
0cos(ω
q?t-qφ+α)
B
p1(φ,t)=F
pm(λ
1/2)cos[(ω
p+pω
rm)t-(p+p
r)φ+p
rθ
r0]
B
qp(φ,t)=F
pm(λ
1/2)cos[(ω
p-p
rω
rm)t-(p-p
r)φ-p
rθ
r0]
B
q1(φ,t)=F
qm(λ
1/2)cos[(ω
q+p
rω
rm)t-(q+p
r)φ+α+p
rθ
r0]
B
pq(φ,t)=F
qm(λ
1/2)cos[(ω
q-p
rω
rm)t-(q-p
r)φ+α-p
rθ
r0]
Wherein:
F
PmF
Qm-control the first-harmonic magnetomotive force amplitude that winding current produces respectively by stator power winding and stator;
λ
0λ
1The mean value of-air-gap permeance and first order component;
The magnetic field of φ-represent with mechanical angle is with respect to the position angle of reference stator coordinate points;
The initial value of angle between α-synthetic magnetomotive force axis of stator control winding and the georeferencing coordinate;
ω
Rm-rotor mechanical angular speed;
θ
R0The initial value (mechanical angle) of angle between-rotor and the georeferencing coordinate;
B
Pp(φ, t)-air-gap field fundametal compoment that stator power winding current produces;
B
Qq(φ, t)-air-gap field fundametal compoment that stator control winding current produces;
B
Qp(φ, t)-stator power winding current that produce with air-gap field component stator control winding current same frequency;
B
Pq(φ, t)-stator control winding current that produce with air-gap field component stator power winding current same frequency;
B
P1(φ, t)-harmonic wave air-gap field component that stator power winding current produces;
B
Q1(φ, t)-harmonic wave air-gap field component that stator control winding current produces;
To the magnetomotive modulating action of stator, six kinds of air-gap field components have been produced by air-gap permeance.By the motor operation logic as can be known, have only the speed electromotive force with the winding current same frequency could produce energy converting between mechanical.In above-mentioned six kinds of air-gap field components, have only last four components and motor speed ω
RmRelevant, can in winding, produce speed electromotive force.By choosing the equivalent number of poles p of rotor
r=p+q (the rotor number of poles equals stator power winding and stator control winding number of pole-pairs sum) then might produce the speed electromotive force with this winding current same frequency in stator winding under certain specific rotating speed.If the angular speed of motor rotor is
ω
rm=(ω
p+ω
q)/(p+q)
Then have
B
qp(φ,t)=F
pm(λ
1/2)cos(ω
qt-qφ-p
rθ
r0)
B
pq(φ,t)=F
pm(λ
1/2)cos(ω
pt-pφ+α-p
rθ
r0)
Magnetic-field component B
Qp(φ, t) will produce angular frequency in the control winding is ω
qSpeed electromotive force, and magnetic-field component B
Pq(φ, t) will will produce angular frequency in stator power winding is ω
pSpeed electromotive force.Therefore, because in stator power winding and stator control winding, the frequency of electric current and speed electromotive force is identical, so can produce stable electromagnetic torque.Magnetic-field component B
P1(φ, t) and B
Q1(φ t) also can produce corresponding speed electromotive force in winding, but because the frequency of this speed electromotive force is different with the frequency of electric current in the winding, so can not produce corresponding average electromagnetic torque.
If the magnetic field that the control winding current produces is s with respect to the revolutional slip that stator power winding current produces magnetic field, then
Or
Wherein:
Be that stator control winding feeds direct current (f
q=0) motor speed the time is called synchronous speed.
If p
pPass to the electromagnetic power of rotor by air gap for stator power winding; p
qPass to the electromagnetic power of rotor by air gap for stator control winding; p
eFor controlling winding passes to rotor by air gap total electromagnetic power from stator power winding and stator.Following relationship is arranged:
p
q=sp
p
p
e=p
p+p
q=p
p+sp
p=(1+s)p
p
If T
EpElectromagnetic torque for the generation of stator power winding; T
EqElectromagnetic torque for the generation of stator control winding; T
eBe the total electromagnetic torque of motor.Following relationship is arranged:
T
e=T
ep+T
eq
Wherein: T
EpThe electromagnetic torque that-stator power winding produces;
T
EqThe electromagnetic torque that-stator control winding produces;
T
e-total electromagnetic torque;
When ignoring generator loss, the power relation of brushless double-fed motor is as follows:
P
p=T
epω
rm
P
q=T
eqω
rm
Can get by the top derivation of equation:
T
eq=sT
ep
T then
e=(1+s) T
Ep
By top torque expression formula as can be seen, because ω generally speaking
p>>ω
q, s is very little, so when load is constant, T
EpAt T
eIn account for main component, promptly the total electromagnetic torque of motor is mainly provided by the electromagnetic torque that stator power winding side produces.Especially the time with leg speed, T
EqBe zero.So in the speed adjustable range around the leg speed, torque T
EpBe active.
Formula T
Eq=sT
EpShow that under speed one stable condition the electromagnetic torque that stator power winding and stator control winding produce has fixing relation, has controlled the electromagnetic torque that stator power winding produces, just the total electromagnetic torque of may command motor.Therefore have only stator control winding to connect frequency-variable controller, and stator power winding connect common frequency power network.
Claims (4)
1, high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system comprises brushless double-fed motor and frequency-variable controller, the stator power winding that it is characterized in that brushless double-fed motor directly and common frequency power network link; Stator control winding and frequency-variable controller link; Frequency-variable controller directly is connected with common frequency power network; Stator power winding and stator control winding are that Y-connection connects, and the number of poles of stator power winding is different with the number of poles of stator control winding; The rotor of brushless double-fed motor is a reluctance rotor.
2, high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system according to claim 1, the number of poles that it is characterized in that described stator power winding is 2p, and the number of poles of stator control winding is 2q, and the number of poles of reluctance rotor is p
r=p+q.
3, high-power brushless double-fed motor variable frequency speed control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pass between described motor speed and stator power winding current frequency, stator control winding current frequency and the reluctance rotor number of poles is:
If stator power winding and the same phase sequence of stator control winding current, following formula is got positive sign, and be supersynchronous operational mode this moment; If stator power winding and stator control winding current negative-phase sequence, following formula is got negative sign, and be the metasynchronism operational mode this moment; Work as f
2=0 o'clock,
Claim that this speed is the same leg speed of motor.
4, high-power brushless double-fed motor startup method, it is characterized in that at first asynchronous starting, the three-phase short circuit of the winding of brushless double-fed motor stator control at this moment together, brushless double-fed motor is in the asynchronous operation state, when rotating speed during near synchronous speed, stator control winding changes the feeding direct current into by short circuit, brushless double-fed motor is in the synchronous operation state, after motor synchronous operation steadily, stator control winding is changed into by the feeding direct current and connects frequency-variable controller, provides alternating current by stator control winding to motor.
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CN110635721A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Soft start winding type brushless double-fed motor |
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Open date: 20100106 |