CN110912478A - Constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation - Google Patents

Constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation Download PDF

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CN110912478A
CN110912478A CN201911230390.0A CN201911230390A CN110912478A CN 110912478 A CN110912478 A CN 110912478A CN 201911230390 A CN201911230390 A CN 201911230390A CN 110912478 A CN110912478 A CN 110912478A
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constant
current
frequency
voltage
power generation
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张桂芳
王智慧
王晓红
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Shaanxi Aero Electric Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Aero Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/12—Stator flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/13—Observer control, e.g. using Luenberger observers or Kalman filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/30—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for aircraft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2103/00—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator
    • H02P2103/10—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the asynchronous type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation. The control method adopted by the invention is simple, has excellent regulation performance, improves the power generation efficiency, reliability, stability and high efficiency of the variable-speed power generation system, has very strong use value in the field of engineering application, and has important significance for improving the performance of the variable-speed constant-frequency power supply system of the airplane in the future.

Description

Constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of design of an aviation variable-speed power generation system, and relates to a constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation, which is used for the aviation variable-speed power generation system.
Background
At present, there are two technical approaches for realizing constant-frequency power generation in an aviation alternating-current power supply system: one is that the constant speed constant frequency alternating current power supply system adopts a constant speed transmission device to convert the changing rotating speed of the aircraft engine into a constant rotating speed and drive a generator to generate 400Hz constant frequency alternating current. The system has many disadvantages, such as complex structure, heavy weight, high cost, low conversion efficiency, poor reliability and maintainability.
The other is that the variable speed constant frequency AC power supply system adopts a frequency converter, the generator is directly driven by an aircraft engine to generate variable frequency AC, the frequency variation range of the variable frequency AC is consistent with the rotation speed variation range of the engine, and the variable frequency AC is converted into 400Hz constant frequency AC through a power converter. The system also has the disadvantages of heavy weight and large volume, and because a large number of high-power electronic devices are adopted, the heat generation is large, and the safety and the efficiency of a power supply system are influenced.
Therefore, the constant frequency power generation system with high efficiency, good reliability and maintainability, simple structure and small volume and weight has been sought to be paid extensive attention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation, which improves a traditional constant-frequency power generation system. A schematic block diagram of a bidirectional excitation constant frequency ac power generation system is shown in fig. 1. The system consists of a variable-speed constant-frequency generator and a generator controller with a bidirectional excitation control unit. The controller outputs PWM waves with variable duty ratios through a bidirectional excitation control algorithm module by collecting the rotating speed of the generator, three-phase voltage of a stator winding and three-phase current as input quantities, provides exciting current with variable directions for the generator, and realizes variable-speed constant-frequency control by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of alternating exciting current.
The constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting three-phase voltage u at output end of main generator in variable-speed constant-frequency alternating-current power generation systema、ub、ucBy CLARObtaining two-phase static voltage u after K coordinate transformationα、uβ；
Step two: obtaining stator voltage vector amplitude U according to voltage flux linkage observersFlux linkage vector magnitude
Figure BDA0002303377760000011
Wherein
Figure BDA0002303377760000021
Step three: reference value of stator voltage
Figure BDA0002303377760000022
And the measured feedback value UsThe error of the generator is output to the electromagnetic torque instruction value of the generator through the PI regulator
Figure BDA0002303377760000023
According to the formula
Figure BDA0002303377760000024
Obtaining a q-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure BDA0002303377760000025
Where p is a differential operator, LsFor stator self-inductance, LmThe stator and the rotor are mutually inducted;
step four: reference value of stator flux linkage
Figure BDA0002303377760000026
With observed actual values
Figure BDA0002303377760000027
The error is processed by a PI regulator to obtain a d-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure BDA0002303377760000028
Step five:
Figure BDA0002303377760000029
α -axis and β -axis components of rotor exciting current under a two-phase static coordinate system are obtained after inverse PARK coordinate transformation
Figure BDA00023033777600000210
Step six:
Figure BDA00023033777600000211
obtaining rotor exciting current under ABC coordinate system after inverse CLARK conversion
Figure BDA00023033777600000212
Figure BDA00023033777600000213
Step seven: exciting current instruction value under ABC coordinate system
Figure BDA00023033777600000214
Respectively corresponding to actually detected rotor exciting current feedback values iar、ibr、icr6 paths of PWM waves are output through current hysteresis control, the 6 paths of PWM waves are utilized to control the rotary converter to output three-phase alternating current exciting current with variable amplitude and frequency, and therefore three-phase alternating current with constant voltage and constant frequency is obtained on a stator winding of the main generator.
Furthermore, in the variable speed constant frequency alternating current power generation system, a main generator is a winding type double-fed induction asynchronous motor, a three-phase alternating current excitation winding is adopted in the main generator, and an AC/DC/AC rotary converter is adopted in an exciter of the variable speed constant frequency alternating current power generation system; the exciter armature winding generates three-phase alternating current with variable amplitude, frequency and phase after passing through the rotary converter, the three-phase alternating current is used as exciting current and is supplied to the main generator, and the constant-voltage constant-frequency three-phase alternating current is output on the side of the main generator stator winding by adjusting the amplitude and the frequency of the three-phase alternating current output by the rotary converter.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a new solution for the application of an aviation variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system, can effectively simplify the structure of the system, replaces the traditional constant-speed transmission device and a frequency converter, and reduces the weight of the power generation system. By improving the structure of the traditional aviation generator, the variable-speed operation constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation is realized by adopting the stator winding flux linkage directional vector control theory. The control method is simple, the adjusting performance is excellent, the generating efficiency, the reliability, the stability and the high efficiency of the variable-speed generating system are improved, the use value in the engineering application field is very high, and the method has important significance for improving the performance of the variable-speed constant-frequency power supply system of the airplane in the future.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a bidirectional excitation constant frequency AC power generation system;
FIG. 2 is a three-stage variable speed constant frequency alternator configuration;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a constant-voltage constant-frequency control algorithm of a variable-speed power generation system based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the embodiment, in order to obtain a constant-frequency alternating-current power generation system with a high power-to-weight ratio, improve the energy conversion efficiency of the system, reduce the maintenance cost of the system, replace a constant-speed transmission device and a frequency converter, and start from the power generation system, the structure of a traditional three-stage brushless alternating-current synchronous generator is improved to obtain a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system, so that the variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system can operate at a constant frequency for generating power at a constant frequency. A bidirectional alternating current excitation strategy is adopted for the variable-speed constant-frequency alternating current power generation system, and a vector control theory is utilized to obtain constant-voltage constant-frequency three-phase alternating current at a stator winding of a main generator.
The three-stage variable speed constant frequency ac power generation system is configured as shown in fig. 2. Compared with the traditional brushless alternating-current generator, the structure of the exciter and the structure of the main generator are improved, the rotating rectifier of the exciter is replaced by an AC/DC/AC rotating converter, the direct-current exciting winding of the main generator is replaced by a three-phase alternating-current exciting winding, and the main generator is a wound double-fed induction asynchronous motor. When the motor rotates, the armature winding of the exciter generates three-phase alternating current with variable amplitude, frequency and phase after passing through the rotary converter, the three-phase alternating current is used as exciting current and is supplied to the main generator asynchronous motor, and the aim of outputting 115V and 400Hz constant-voltage constant-frequency three-phase alternating current on the side of the stator winding is fulfilled by adjusting the amplitude and the frequency of the three-phase alternating current output by the rotary converter.
When the asynchronous main generator works normally, the rotor three-phase AC excitation winding generates a space rotating magnetic field which is opposite to the rotation speed n of the rotor2With the rotor speed nrStator current rotating field velocity n1The frequency relation satisfies the following relation (1), the frequency relation satisfies the relation (2), and the slip s satisfies the relation (3). Wherein f is1For the frequency of the stator armature winding current, f2Is the rotor exciting current frequency, and P is the pole pair number of the main generator.
n1＝nr±n2(1)
Figure BDA0002303377760000041
Figure BDA0002303377760000042
When n isr＜n1When the generator works in a sub-synchronous speed state, the rotary converter provides forward alternating current excitation for the asynchronous main generator, namely the rotary converter inputs electric energy to a rotor of the main generator, the rotating speed of a magnetic field generated by rotor current is in the same direction as the rotating speed of the rotor, and the formula (1) takes a positive sign.
When n isr＞n1When the generator is in the super-synchronous speed state, the rotary converter generates electricity to the asynchronous main generatorThe machine provides negative alternating current excitation, namely the rotor of the main generator outputs electric energy to the rotary converter, the rotating speed of a magnetic field generated by the current of the rotor is opposite to the rotating speed of the rotor, and the formula (1) takes a negative sign.
When n isr＝n1While the generator is operating at synchronous speed, n2At 0, the rotary converter provides dc excitation to the asynchronous main generator.
By the above analysis, at the generator speed nrWhen the frequency of the exciting current provided by the rotary converter to the main generator is adjusted, three-phase alternating current with constant frequency can be obtained at the stator side, and the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control strategy of the generator is analyzed.
The mathematical model of the double-fed asynchronous main generator is shown in the following formulas (4) and (5).
Figure BDA0002303377760000043
Figure BDA0002303377760000044
Wherein u isds、uqs、udr、uqrRepresenting d-axis voltage and q-axis voltage of the stator and the rotor; i.e. ids、iqs、idr、iqrRepresenting d-axis and q-axis currents of a stator and a rotor; l iss、Lr、LmRepresenting self inductance and mutual inductance of the stator and the rotor; rs、RrThe resistance of stator and rotor windings. Omega1For synchronizing electrical angular velocity, omega2＝ω1-ωrIs the slip electrical angular velocity, where ωrIs the rotor rotational electrical angular velocity. p is a differential operator.
Figure BDA0002303377760000051
Is stator d, q axis flux linkage, TeIs the electromagnetic torque of the main generator.
In order to obtain alternating current with constant frequency at the stator winding side, a vector control method of stator flux linkage orientation is adopted, a d-axis and q-axis rotating coordinate system is adopted, and a d-axis and stator flux linkage vector is enabled to be formed
Figure BDA0002303377760000052
The voltage vector U of the stator winding is obtained by coincidence and neglecting the resistance of the stator windingsAnd differs from the stator flux linkage vector by 90 deg., i.e., on the q-axis. Therefore, there are constraints (6) and (7).
Figure BDA0002303377760000053
Figure BDA0002303377760000054
And is also provided with
Figure BDA0002303377760000055
The relationship between stator and rotor currents is derived as follows:
Figure BDA0002303377760000056
equation (6) can be simplified as:
Figure BDA0002303377760000057
to obtain a three-phase alternating current of constant frequency 400Hz, the motor can be driven
Figure BDA0002303377760000058
Make stator flux linkage vector
Figure BDA0002303377760000059
The speed of the stator is high, and the stator current frequency can be guaranteed to be 400Hz under any steady-state and transient conditions. At any one time, the stator flux linkage rotation angle satisfies formula (11):
Figure BDA00023033777600000510
to ensure output of electricityConstant voltage, enabling voltage vector command value
Figure BDA00023033777600000511
Obtaining a desired stator flux linkage value according to equation (7), for stator voltage vectors U orthogonal to each othersStator flux linkage vector
Figure BDA0002303377760000061
PI regulation is respectively carried out to obtain q-axis and d-axis components of rotor exciting current, 6 paths of PWM waves meeting requirements are obtained through current hysteresis control, a rotating converter is driven to generate doubly-fed asynchronous main generator rotor exciting current meeting the requirements, and then three-phase alternating current of 115V and 400Hz is output.
Through the analysis, the constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation for the aviation variable-speed power generation system is provided in combination with fig. 3, and has the characteristics of convenience in debugging, high transient response speed and high steady-state precision.
The method comprises the following steps: collecting three-phase voltage u at output end of asynchronous main generatora、ub、ucObtaining two-phase static voltage u after CLARK coordinate transformationα、uβ；
Step two: obtaining stator voltage vector amplitude U according to voltage flux linkage observersFlux linkage vector magnitude
Figure BDA0002303377760000062
Wherein
Figure BDA0002303377760000063
Step three: reference value of stator voltage
Figure BDA0002303377760000064
And the measured feedback value UsThe error of the generator is output to the electromagnetic torque instruction value of the generator through the PI regulator
Figure BDA0002303377760000065
According to the formula
Figure BDA0002303377760000066
Obtaining a q-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure BDA0002303377760000067
Where p is a differential operator, LsFor stator self-inductance, LmThe stator and the rotor are mutually inducted;
step four: reference value of stator flux linkage
Figure BDA0002303377760000068
With observed actual values
Figure BDA0002303377760000069
The error is processed by a PI regulator to obtain a d-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure BDA00023033777600000610
Step five:
Figure BDA00023033777600000611
α -axis and β -axis components of rotor exciting current under a two-phase static coordinate system are obtained after inverse PARK coordinate transformation
Figure BDA00023033777600000612
Step six:
Figure BDA00023033777600000613
obtaining rotor exciting current under ABC coordinate system after inverse CLARK conversion
Figure BDA00023033777600000614
Figure BDA00023033777600000615
Step seven: exciting current instruction value under ABC coordinate system
Figure BDA00023033777600000616
Respectively corresponding to actually detected rotor exciting current feedback values iar、ibr、icr6 paths of PWM waves are output through current hysteresis control, the 6 paths of PWM waves are utilized to control the rotary converter to output three-phase alternating current exciting current with variable amplitude and frequency, and therefore three-phase alternating current with constant voltage and constant frequency is obtained on the stator winding of the asynchronous main generator.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting three-phase voltage u at output end of main generator in variable-speed constant-frequency alternating-current power generation systema、ub、ucObtaining two-phase static voltage u after CLARK coordinate transformationα、uβ；
Step two: obtaining stator voltage vector amplitude U according to voltage flux linkage observersFlux linkage vector magnitude
Figure FDA00023033777500000114
Wherein
Figure FDA0002303377750000011
Step three: reference value of stator voltage
Figure FDA0002303377750000012
And the measured feedback value UsThe error of the PI regulator outputs a generator electromagnetic torque instruction value Te *According to the formula
Figure FDA0002303377750000013
Obtaining a q-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure FDA0002303377750000014
Where p is a differential operator, LsFor stator self-inductance, LmThe stator and the rotor are mutually inducted;
step four: reference value of stator flux linkage
Figure FDA0002303377750000015
With observed actual values
Figure FDA0002303377750000016
The error is processed by a PI regulator to obtain a d-axis component instruction value of the rotor exciting current
Figure FDA0002303377750000017
Step five:
Figure FDA0002303377750000018
α -axis and β -axis components of rotor exciting current under a two-phase static coordinate system are obtained after inverse PARK coordinate transformation
Figure FDA0002303377750000019
Step six:
Figure FDA00023033777500000110
obtaining rotor exciting current under ABC coordinate system after inverse CLARK conversion
Figure FDA00023033777500000111
Figure FDA00023033777500000112
Step seven: ABC coordinate systemLower exciting current instruction value
Figure FDA00023033777500000113
Respectively corresponding to actually detected rotor exciting current feedback values iar、ibr、icr6 paths of PWM waves are output through current hysteresis control, the 6 paths of PWM waves are utilized to control the rotary converter to output three-phase alternating current exciting current with variable amplitude and frequency, and therefore three-phase alternating current with constant voltage and constant frequency is obtained on a stator winding of the main generator.
2. The constant-voltage constant-frequency power generation control method based on alternating-current bidirectional excitation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the variable-speed constant-frequency alternating-current power generation system, a main generator is a wound-rotor double-fed induction asynchronous motor, a three-phase alternating-current excitation winding is adopted in the main generator, and an AC/DC/AC rotary converter is adopted in an exciter of the variable-speed constant-frequency alternating-current power generation system; the exciter armature winding generates three-phase alternating current with variable amplitude, frequency and phase after passing through the rotary converter, the three-phase alternating current is used as exciting current and is supplied to the main generator, and the constant-voltage constant-frequency three-phase alternating current is output on the side of the main generator stator winding by adjusting the amplitude and the frequency of the three-phase alternating current output by the rotary converter.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104935214A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-23 西北工业大学 Excitation control method for starting stage of aviation tertiary starting power generation system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104935214A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-23 西北工业大学 Excitation control method for starting stage of aviation tertiary starting power generation system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
薛梦娇 等: "飞机交流励磁变速恒频发电系统的建模与仿真", 《计算机仿真》 *

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