CN115733322A - Axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator - Google Patents

Axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115733322A
CN115733322A CN202211058233.8A CN202211058233A CN115733322A CN 115733322 A CN115733322 A CN 115733322A CN 202211058233 A CN202211058233 A CN 202211058233A CN 115733322 A CN115733322 A CN 115733322A
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rotor
stator
permanent magnet
tooth
drive generator
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贾少锋
袁志东
梁得亮
王秀丽
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial magnetic flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator which comprises a stator, a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein the stator is positioned between the first rotor and the second rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are identical in structure, the first rotor and the second rotor are symmetrically and coaxially installed relative to the stator, air gaps are formed between the stator and the first rotor as well as between the stator and the second rotor, and the generator has the characteristics of high power and light weight.

Description

Axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power permanent magnet generators, and relates to an axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator.
Background
As the problems with global warming become more severe, the position of clean energy becomes more and more important. In recent years, wind power generation has become the fastest growing electrical energy source in the world. Wind power generation is divided into 2 types of onshore wind power generation and offshore wind power generation, and since onshore wind resources and land resources are limited, offshore wind resources are richer and more stable, and the scale of offshore wind power generation is larger and larger. In recent years, with the continuous development of offshore wind power generation, offshore wind turbines are further and further away, and the traditional power transmission mode cannot meet the requirements. The frequency division power transmission system proposed by Wangxi Van.Ouchi can adapt to long-distance offshore power transmission by reducing power transmission frequency, and is more suitable for offshore wind power generation.
The permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator does not need transmission structures such as a gear box and the like, has a simple mechanical structure, and has the outstanding advantages of high efficiency, strong reliability, convenience in maintenance, small impact on a power grid, simplicity in control and the like. For an offshore wind farm, the combination of a low-speed direct-drive permanent magnet wind generating set and a frequency division power transmission system is more advantageous. Generally speaking, the volume and the weight of the direct-drive wind power generator are larger than those of the common permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator. And the frequency-division power transmission system uses alternating current with the electrical frequency of 50/3Hz, which is less than the conventional alternating current with the frequency of 50Hz. A reduction in the electrical frequency will lead to a further increase in the volume of the electrical machine, bringing new challenges to the manufacture, transport, installation and maintenance of wind turbines.
Therefore, the research on the high-power light-weight generator suitable for the offshore frequency division power transmission system is beneficial to the development of the offshore wind power industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator which has the characteristics of high power and light weight.
In order to achieve the purpose, the axial magnetic flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator comprises a stator, a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein the stator is located between the first rotor and the second rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are identical in structure, the first rotor and the second rotor are symmetrically and coaxially installed relative to the stator, and air gaps are formed between the stator and the first rotor as well as between the stator and the second rotor.
The rotor comprises a first rotor, a second rotor and a stator, wherein a plurality of first rotor iron cores are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator, of the first rotor along the circumferential direction, first rotor unit fan-shaped grooves are formed between adjacent first rotor iron cores, a plurality of second rotor iron cores are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator, of the second rotor along the circumferential direction, second rotor unit fan-shaped grooves are formed between adjacent second rotor iron cores, first rotor permanent magnets are arranged in the first rotor unit fan-shaped grooves, and second rotor permanent magnets are arranged in the second rotor unit fan-shaped grooves.
The stator is of an annular structure and comprises stator teeth, a stator armature winding, a stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array and a stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array, the stator teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and stator unit parallel grooves are formed between adjacent stator teeth; the stator armature winding is wound on the stator teeth by adopting a single-tooth winding concentrated winding structure; the stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array and the stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array are uniformly distributed at the notch positions on two sides of the parallel slots of the stator unit by taking the axis of the stator as the center and are positioned on two sides of the stator armature winding.
The lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array and the upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array of the stator respectively comprise a first stator permanent magnet, a second stator permanent magnet and a third stator permanent magnet which are distributed in sequence.
The magnetizing direction of the second stator permanent magnet is along the axial direction.
The polarity of the second stator permanent magnet is the same as that of the second rotor permanent magnet.
The magnetizing directions of the first stator permanent magnet and the third stator permanent magnet are radial magnetizing along the circumferential direction, and the magnetizing directions are opposite.
The first rotor permanent magnet and the second rotor permanent magnet are magnetized along the axial direction, the polarities of the first rotor permanent magnet and the second rotor permanent magnet are the same, the first rotor permanent magnet and rotor teeth of the first rotor iron core form an alternating pole structure, and the second rotor permanent magnet and rotor teeth of the second rotor iron core form an alternating pole structure.
The number of the first rotor unit sector slots and the number of the second rotor unit sector slots are half of the number of pole pairs of the stator armature winding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator is in specific operation, the axial magnetic flux double-rotor structure is adopted, the magnetic field modulation principle is adopted, the torque density is high, the motor adopts the axial magnetic flux structure, the working air gap area between the stator and the rotor is large, large electromagnetic torque is generated, the motor adopts the double-rotor structure, the yoke part of the stator is omitted through ingenious magnetic circuit design, the torque density of the motor is further improved, and the requirements of high power and light weight are met.
Furthermore, permanent magnets are arranged between the stator teeth and in the rotor core groove, three-phase alternating current is introduced into the stator armature winding, and when the motor works normally, the stator permanent magnets and the rotor permanent magnets provide mechanical output torque and are superposed, so that the torque density is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waterfall diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial structure waterfall plot of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial exploded view of the rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a portion of the stator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a permanent magnet structure of a unit stator according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet of the present invention.
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other, 1 is a first rotor, 2 is a stator, 3 is a second rotor, 4 is a first rotor iron core, 5 is a first rotor permanent magnet, 6 is a second rotor iron core, 7 is a second rotor permanent magnet, 8 is a stator tooth, 9 is a stator armature winding 10 is a lower layer Halbach permanent magnet array of the stator, 10-1 is a first stator permanent magnet, 10-2 is a second stator permanent magnet, 10-3 is a third stator permanent magnet, and 11 is an upper layer Halbach permanent magnet array of the stator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator according to the present invention includes a stator 2, a first rotor 1 and a second rotor 3, wherein the stator 2 is located between the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 3, the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 3 have the same structure, the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 3 are symmetrically and coaxially mounted with respect to the stator 2, and an air gap is provided between the stator 2 and each of the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 3.
A plurality of first rotor iron cores 4 are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator 2, of the first rotor 11 along the circumferential direction, a first rotor unit sector-shaped groove is formed between every two adjacent first rotor iron cores 4, a plurality of second rotor iron cores 6 are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator 2, of the second rotor 3 along the circumferential direction, a second rotor unit sector-shaped groove is formed between every two adjacent second rotor iron cores 6, a first rotor permanent magnet 5 is arranged in each first rotor unit sector-shaped groove, a second rotor permanent magnet 7 is arranged in each second rotor unit sector-shaped groove, and the number of the first rotor unit sector-shaped grooves and the number of the second rotor unit sector-shaped grooves are half of the pole pair number of the stator armature winding 9;
the stator 2 is of an annular structure, the stator 2 comprises stator teeth 8, a stator armature winding 9, a stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 10 and a stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 11, the stator teeth 8 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and stator unit parallel grooves are formed between adjacent stator teeth 8; the stator armature winding 9 is wound on the stator teeth 8 by adopting a single-tooth winding concentrated winding structure; the stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 10 and the stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 11 are uniformly distributed at the notch positions on two sides of the parallel slot of the stator unit and are positioned on two sides of the stator armature winding 9 by taking the axis of the stator 2 as the center;
the lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 10 and the upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 11 of the stator respectively comprise a first stator permanent magnet 10-1, a second stator permanent magnet 10-2 and a third stator permanent magnet 10-3 which are distributed in sequence.
As shown in fig. 7, solid arrows indicate magnetizing directions of the stator permanent magnets and the rotor permanent magnets, the first rotor permanent magnets 5 and the second rotor permanent magnets 7 are magnetized in an axial direction, and have the same polarity, the first rotor permanent magnets 5 and the rotor teeth of the first rotor core 4 form an alternating pole structure, and the second rotor permanent magnets 7 and the rotor teeth of the second rotor core 6 form an alternating pole structure.
The magnetizing direction of the stator permanent magnet is taken as an example of a lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array 10 of the stator, wherein the magnetizing direction of the second stator permanent magnet 10-2 is axial direction magnetizing, and the polarity of the second stator permanent magnet 10-2 is the same as that of the second rotor permanent magnet 7; the magnetizing directions of the first stator permanent magnet 10-1 and the third stator permanent magnet 10-3 are radial magnetizing along the circumferential direction, the magnetizing directions are opposite, and the magnetizing angle theta is between 0 and 90 degrees.
The number of pole pairs of the stator armature winding 9 is P sac After three-phase symmetrical alternating current is introduced, formThe number of pole pairs is P sac And the polar pair number P of the unmodulated rotating magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet on the rotor rf The same, i.e. the following relationship is satisfied, the two interact to produce the conventional torque component T c
P sac =P rf
After three-phase symmetrical alternating current is introduced into the stator armature winding 9, the number of pole pairs P is formed sah When the number of pole pairs P of the permanent magnets on a rotor rf And 8 number N of stator teeth s When the following relation is satisfied, after the magnetic field generated by the rotor permanent magnet is subjected to magnetic field modulation by the magnetic conduction wave formed by the stator teeth 8, a rotor permanent magnet magnetic field modulation component is generated, and the modulation component interacts with a corresponding harmonic rotation magnetic potential component generated by the stator armature winding 9 to generate a modulation torque component T m1
p sah =|iP rf ±jN s |
Wherein i and j are integers.
When the magnetic pole pair number P of the stator permanent magnet sf Number of teeth N of a rotor r When the following formula is satisfied, the magnetic field generated by the stator permanent magnet is subjected to magnetic field modulation through the magnetic conduction wave formed by the rotor teeth, a stator permanent magnet magnetic field modulation component is generated, and the modulation component interacts with a corresponding harmonic rotation magnetic potential component generated by the stator armature winding 9 to generate a modulation torque component T m2
p sah =|kP sf ±lN r |
Wherein k and l are integers.
The analysis shows that when the motor parameters are properly selected, three parts of torque can be generated, namely, the torque is generated by the interaction of a rotating magnetic field generated by the unmodulated rotor permanent magnet and a main rotating magnetic field generated by the alternating flow of the stator armature winding 9; secondly, the rotor permanent magnet is modulated into a rotating magnetic field through the stator teeth 8 and interacts with a harmonic rotating magnetic field generated by the alternating current component of the stator armature winding 9 to generate torque; thirdly, the rotating magnetic field modulated by the stator permanent magnet through the rotor teeth and the harmonic rotating magnetic field generated by the alternating current component of the stator armature winding 9 interact to generate torque, when the three parts of torque act on the rotor in the same direction, the synthesized electromagnetic torque is maximum, wherein, for example, the number of slots and the number of pole pairs of the stator 2 and one rotor which meet the three relations are matched as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure SMS_1
The motor consists of 10 unit motors, the unit motors also meet all the relations, and the matching relation of the number of the slots and the number of the pole pairs of the stator 2 and the rotor of the unit motor (1/10 model) is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure SMS_2
Number of stator slots N s And number of slots N of one rotor r Satisfies the following conditions:
N s =k 1 m s
N r =P rf
wherein k is 1 Is an integer, m s The number of alternating phases of the stator armature winding 9.
All other slot poles that satisfy the above five formulas and are consistent with the principles of the present invention are within the scope of this patent and are not listed here. In addition, the patent takes an axial flux motor model as an example, and the principles described in the patent, including but not limited to radial magnetic field motors and linear motors, are all within the scope of protection of the patent.
Example one
Referring to fig. 3, the number of stator and rotor slots of the unit motor of the motor is 12/7 slots, and after alternating current is introduced into a stator armature winding 9, main rotary magnetomotive force of 7 pairs of poles and harmonic rotary magnetomotive force of 5 pairs of poles, 17 pairs of poles, 19 pairs of poles and the like are generated. A rotor permanent magnet on a rotor is not modulated to generate a rotating magnetic field with 7 pairs of poles, and the rotating magnetic field is coupled with a main rotating magnetic field generated by a stator armature winding 9 to generate a first part of torque component; the rotor permanent magnet forms 5 pairs of poles and 19 pairs of pole rotating magnetic fields through 8 parts of the stator teeth, and is coupled with 5 pairs of poles and 19 pairs of pole harmonic rotating magnetic fields generated by the stator armature winding 9 to generate a second part torque component; the permanent magnet magnetic pole pair number at one side of the stator 2 is 12 pairs of poles, 5 pairs of poles and 19 pairs of pole rotating magnetic fields are formed by modulation of rotor tooth parts, and are coupled with 5 pairs of poles and 19 pairs of pole harmonic rotating magnetic fields generated by a stator armature winding 9 to generate a third part torque component; when the three-part torque acts on the rotor in the same direction, the resultant electromagnetic torque is maximum.
The invention can generate multiple electromagnetic torques by improving the structure of the motor, adopting the structure of double permanent magnets of the stator and the rotor, double rotors and axial magnetic flux, and by ingenious magnetic circuit design, the yoke part of the stator 2 is saved, thereby realizing high torque density of the motor, being beneficial to reducing the volume of the motor and further realizing the light weight of the wind generating set.
It should be noted that the present invention focuses on the electromagnetic structure of the motor, and the mechanical structure and the cooling structure of the motor according to the present invention are not described in detail in the present invention.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited to the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent variations and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the patent, and those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the patent.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an axial magnetic flux single tooth is around concentrated winding many moments birotors low-speed and is directly driven generator, its characterized in that, includes stator (2), first rotor (1) and second rotor (3), wherein, stator (2) are located between first rotor (1) and second rotor (3), first rotor (1) is the same with structure of second rotor (3), and first rotor (1) and second rotor (3) are about stator (2) symmetry and coaxial arrangement, all have the air gap between stator (2) and first rotor (1) and second rotor (3).
2. The axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that a plurality of first rotor cores (4) are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator (2), of the first rotor (11) along the circumferential direction, first rotor unit sector-shaped grooves are formed between the adjacent first rotor cores (4), a plurality of second rotor cores (6) are uniformly arranged on the surface, opposite to the stator (2), of the second rotor (3) along the circumferential direction, second rotor unit sector-shaped grooves are formed between the adjacent second rotor cores (6), first rotor permanent magnets (5) are arranged in each first rotor unit sector-shaped groove, and second rotor permanent magnets (7) are arranged in each second rotor unit sector-shaped groove.
3. The axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the stator (2) is of a circular structure, the stator (2) comprises stator teeth (8), a stator armature winding (9), a stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (10) and a stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (11), the stator teeth (8) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and stator unit parallel grooves are formed between adjacent stator teeth (8); the stator armature winding (9) is wound on the stator teeth (8) by adopting a single-tooth winding concentrated winding structure; the lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (10) and the upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (11) of the stator use the axis of the stator (2) as the center, are uniformly distributed at the notch positions of two sides of the parallel slot of the stator unit, and are positioned at two sides of the stator armature winding (9).
4. The axial flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the stator lower-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (10) and the stator upper-layer Halbach permanent magnet array (11) respectively comprise a first stator permanent magnet (10-1), a second stator permanent magnet (10-2) and a third stator permanent magnet (10-3) which are sequentially distributed.
5. The axial flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct drive generator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the magnetizing direction of the second stator permanent magnet (10-2) is axial direction magnetizing.
6. The axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct drive generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the polarity of the second stator permanent magnet (10-2) is the same as the polarity of the second rotor permanent magnet (7).
7. The axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct drive generator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the magnetizing directions of the first stator permanent magnet (10-1) and the third stator permanent magnet (10-3) are radial magnetizing along the circumferential direction, and the magnetizing directions are opposite.
8. The axial flux single-tooth concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator according to claim 2, wherein the first rotor permanent magnet (5) and the second rotor permanent magnet (7) are magnetized in the axial direction, the polarities of the first rotor permanent magnet and the second rotor permanent magnet are the same, the first rotor permanent magnet (5) and rotor teeth of the first rotor core (4) form an alternating pole structure, and the second rotor permanent magnet (7) and rotor teeth of the second rotor core (6) form an alternating pole structure.
9. The axial flux single tooth concentrated winding multi-torque dual rotor low speed direct drive generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of first rotor unit sector slots and the number of second rotor unit sector slots are each half of the pole pair number of the stator armature winding (9).
CN202211058233.8A 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 Axial magnetic flux single-tooth winding concentrated winding multi-torque double-rotor low-speed direct-drive generator Pending CN115733322A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116154995A (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-05-23 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 Double-rotor single-stator alternating pole axial flux motor with fully-closed series magnetic circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116154995A (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-05-23 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 Double-rotor single-stator alternating pole axial flux motor with fully-closed series magnetic circuit
CN116154995B (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-07-11 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 Double-rotor single-stator alternating pole axial flux motor with fully-closed series magnetic circuit

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