CN106849573B - Double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on magnetic field modulation principle - Google Patents
Double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on magnetic field modulation principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on a magnetic field modulation principle, belongs to the field of linear generators for wave power generation, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional direct-drive wave power generation system is poor in power generation quality. The invention comprises a casing, a double-winding stator, a permanent magnet rotor, a modulation rotor, a permanent magnet rotor output shaft and a modulation rotor output shaft; the double-winding stator is fixed on the inner circular surface of the shell, and the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor are sequentially arranged inside the double-winding stator from outside to inside; the permanent magnet rotor is fixed on the output shaft of the permanent magnet rotor, the modulation rotor is positioned between the double-winding stator and the permanent magnet rotor, two ends of the modulation rotor respectively extend out of end covers at two sides of the shell, the extending part at the left side serves as the output shaft of the modulation rotor, and the axes of the output shaft of the modulation rotor and the output shaft of the permanent magnet rotor are overlapped.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of linear generators for wave power generation.
Background
Ocean wave energy is a clean power generation energy, and the requirements of ocean observation instruments, military and civil test buoys, single islands, operation platforms and the like can be met through wave energy power generation. At present, the traditional wave energy power generation mode usually adopts a mechanical device to convert the up-and-down linear motion form of waves into rotary motion and drive a rotary generator to generate power. Compared with the prior art, the direct-drive power generation mode generates power by directly combining the energy recovery device and the linear motor, and omits a middle complex mechanical transmission link, so that the power generation efficiency of the system is improved, and the integration level and the stability of the power generation system are also improved. Therefore, the direct-drive wave power generation has wide application prospect. However, in the current direct-drive power generation system, because the linear motion thrust converted by the energy recovery device is large, the speed is low and is not constant, the variation of parameters such as the amplitude value and the frequency of the generated voltage of the linear motor is large, and the problems of poor power generation quality of the system, even instability of the system and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing direct-drive wave power generation system is poor in power generation quality, and provides a double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on a magnetic field modulation principle.
The double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle comprises a shell 4, a double-winding stator 5, a permanent magnet rotor 7, a modulation rotor 6, a permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 and a modulation rotor output shaft 1;
the double-winding stator 5 is fixed on the inner circular surface of the casing 4, and the modulation rotor 6 and the permanent magnet rotor 7 are sequentially arranged inside the double-winding stator 5 from outside to inside; the permanent magnet rotor 7 is fixed on a permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10, the left end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 is in sliding connection with the modulation rotor 6 through the second bearing 3, and the right end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 extends out of the right end cover of the casing 4 and is also in sliding connection with the modulation rotor 6 through a third bearing 8;
the modulation rotor 6 is positioned between the double-winding stator 5 and the permanent magnet rotor 7, two ends of the modulation rotor 6 respectively extend out of end covers at two sides of the shell 4, and the right extending part is in sliding connection with the permanent magnet rotor 7 and a right end cover of the shell 4 through a third bearing 8 and a fourth bearing 9; the left side extending part is used as a modulation rotor output shaft 1, and the modulation rotor output shaft 1 is respectively connected with a left side end cover of a casing 4 and a permanent magnet rotor 7 in a sliding manner through a first bearing 2 and a second bearing 3;
a radial air gap L1 exists between the modulation rotor 6 and the double-winding stator 5, a radial air gap L2 exists between the modulation rotor 6 and the permanent magnet rotor 7, and the axes of the modulation rotor output shaft 1 and the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 are overlapped.
Preferably, the double-winding stator 5 is composed of a stator core 5-3, a first stator winding 5-1 and a second stator winding 5-2; the first stator winding 5-1 is m1The phase stator winding is provided with m when the first stator winding 5-1 is electrified1When alternating current, p moving along the axial direction is formeds1Pole pair armature field, m1, ps1Is a positive integer; the second stator winding 5-2 is an m2 phase stator winding, and when m2 AC current is supplied to the second stator winding 5-2, p moving along the axial direction is formeds2Pole pair number of armature field, m2, ps2Is a positive integer.
Preferably, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet mover 7 is pPM，pPMIs a positive integer; the permanent magnet rotor 7 is composed of permanent magnet rotor iron cores 7-2 and 2pPMA permanent magnetBody Unit 7-1 constitution, 2pPMThe permanent magnet units 7-1 are uniformly distributed and arranged along the axial direction, 2pPMThe permanent magnet units 7-1 are fixed on the outer circle surface of the permanent magnet rotor iron core 7-2, and the magnetizing directions of the two adjacent permanent magnet units 7-1 are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet unit 7-1 is radial magnetizing.
Preferably, the modulation mover 6 is formed by pmA magnetic conduction block 6-1, pmP is composed of a non-magnetic conductive block 6-2 and a rotor bracket 6-3mIs a positive integer; the rotor bracket 6-3 is provided with magnetic conduction blocks 6-1 and non-magnetic conduction blocks 6-2 in a staggered manner along the axis direction;
while satisfying the condition ps1＝|kpPM+jpmI and ps2＝kpPMWhere k is a positive integer and j is an integer.
Preferably, the magnetic conduction block 6-1 is made of soft magnetic composite material, silicon steel sheet, solid iron or soft magnetic ferrite.
The invention has the advantages that: the double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle has two independent rotors, and the thrust and the speed of the two rotors are completely independent. Therefore, in an actual wave power generation system, no matter how one rotor moves along with waves, the amplitude and the frequency of the voltage generated by the generator can be kept constant by effectively controlling the other rotor, and the power generation quality of the power generation system and the stability of the system are further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a winding arrangement of the first stator winding;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the winding arrangement of the second stator winding.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on a magnetic field modulation principle.
The double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle comprises a shell 4, a double-winding stator 5, a permanent magnet rotor 7, a modulation rotor 6, a permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 and a modulation rotor output shaft 1;
the double-winding stator 5 is fixed on the inner circular surface of the casing 4, and the modulation rotor 6 and the permanent magnet rotor 7 are sequentially arranged inside the double-winding stator 5 from outside to inside; the permanent magnet rotor 7 is fixed on a permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10, the left end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 is in sliding connection with the modulation rotor 6 through the second bearing 3, and the right end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 extends out of the right end cover of the casing 4 and is also in sliding connection with the modulation rotor 6 through a third bearing 8;
the modulation rotor 6 is positioned between the double-winding stator 5 and the permanent magnet rotor 7, two ends of the modulation rotor 6 respectively extend out of end covers at two sides of the shell 4, and the right extending part is in sliding connection with the permanent magnet rotor 7 and a right end cover of the shell 4 through a third bearing 8 and a fourth bearing 9; the left side extending part is used as a modulation rotor output shaft 1, and the modulation rotor output shaft 1 is respectively connected with a left side end cover of a casing 4 and a permanent magnet rotor 7 in a sliding manner through a first bearing 2 and a second bearing 3;
a radial air gap L1 exists between the modulation rotor 6 and the double-winding stator 5, a radial air gap L2 exists between the modulation rotor 6 and the permanent magnet rotor 7, and the axes of the modulation rotor output shaft 1 and the permanent magnet rotor output shaft 10 are overlapped.
The double-winding stator 5 consists of a stator core 5-3, a first stator winding 5-1 and a second stator winding 5-2; the first stator winding 5-1 is m1The phase stator winding is provided with m when the first stator winding 5-1 is electrified1When alternating current, p moving along the axial direction is formeds1Pole pair number armature field, m1、ps1Is a positive integer; the second stator winding 5-2 is one m2Phase stator winding, when the second stator winding 5-2 is provided with m2When alternating current, p moving along the axial direction is formeds2Pole pair number of armature field, m2、ps2Is a positive integer.
The number of 7 pole pairs of the permanent magnet rotor is pPM，pPMIs a positive integer; the permanent magnet rotor 7 is composed of permanent magnet rotor iron cores 7-2 and 2pPMEach permanent magnet unit 7-1 is formed of 2pPMThe permanent magnet units 7-1 are uniformly distributed and arranged along the axial direction, 2pPMThe permanent magnet units 7-1 are fixed on the outer circle surface of the permanent magnet rotor iron core 7-2, and the magnetizing directions of the two adjacent permanent magnet units 7-1 are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet unit 7-1 is radial magnetizing.
The modulation mover 6 is composed of pmA magnetic conduction block 6-1, pmP is composed of a non-magnetic conductive block 6-2 and a rotor bracket 6-3mIs a positive integer; the rotor bracket 6-3 is provided with magnetic conduction blocks 6-1 and non-magnetic conduction blocks 6-2 in a staggered manner along the axis direction;
while satisfying the condition ps1＝|kpPM+jpmI and ps2＝kpPMWhere k is a positive integer and j is an integer.
The magnetic conduction block 6-1 is made of soft magnetic composite material, silicon steel sheet, solid iron or soft magnetic ferrite.
For the purpose of illustrating the working principle of the present invention, the following description is made with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Let the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet rotor be pPMAt a velocity of VPMInitial phase angle of thetaPMThen the permanent magnet motive force F moving along the axis direction is formed by the permanent magnet rotorPM(θ, t) can be expressed as
In the formula Fk-each subharmonic magnetomotive force amplitude;
k is the harmonic frequency of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force;
theta-mechanical angle;
t is time.
Let the number of the magnetic conduction blocks of the modulation rotor be pmAt a velocity of VmInitial phase angle of thetamThe spatial specific permeance λ (θ, t) of the modulation mover with time can be expressed as
In the formulaλ0、λi-the specific magnetic conductance amplitude of each harmonic;
i-the harmonic to permeance number.
The permanent magnetic field which is generated by the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet and moves along the axial direction under the action of the modulation rotor can be expressed as
In the formula BkMagnitude of natural harmonic magnetic field, and Bk＝Fkλ0；
Bk,i-modulating the harmonic magnetic field amplitude, and Bk,i＝Fkλi。
As can be seen from the formula (3), the permanent magnet rotor and the modulation rotor generate two types of magnetic fields under the combined action. The first kind is natural harmonic magnetic field, and the magnetic field features its magnetic field pole pair number and speed the same as that of the magnetic motive force of the permanent magnet rotor, and amplitude Bk. The second type is a modulated harmonic magnetic field which is characterized in that the pole pair number of the magnetic field is related to the pole pair number of a permanent magnet rotor and the number of magnetic conduction blocks in the modulated rotor, the magnetic field speed is also related to the speeds of the permanent magnet rotor and the modulated rotor, and the amplitude of the magnetic field is Bk,iThe following are:
pk,j＝|kpPM+jpm| (4)
j＝0,±1,±2,... (6)
in the formula pk,j、Vk,jModulating the pole pair number and the synchronous speed of the harmonic magnetic field.
According to the principle of electromechanical energy conversion, only when the pole pair number and the speed of the two magnetic fields are the same, constant thrust can be generated, and therefore electromechanical energy conversion is achieved. Therefore, the first stator winding 5-1 is designed by the winding arrangement to generate an armature magnetic field with the same number of pole pairs and speed as the modulated harmonic magnetic field. Then, the first stator winding 5-1, the modulation mover and the permanent magnet mover constitute a double-mover linear motor of a magnetic field modulation type. In this case, the electromagnetic thrust acting on the modulating mover is equal to the sum of the electromagnetic thrusts acting on both the stator and the permanent magnet mover, and their electromagnetic thrusts are in opposite directions. Meanwhile, the thrust relations between the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor and between the modulation rotor and the first stator winding 5-1 are always in a certain proportion. Further, the armature magnetic field speed generated by the first stator winding 5-1 is equal to the modulation harmonic magnetic field speed, and therefore, the speed can be adjusted with reference to equation (5). Therefore, under the interaction of the first stator winding 5-1, the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor can only realize speed decoupling, but the thrust between the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor is still coupled. In practice, if only one set of windings (the first stator winding 5-1) is used, the voltage delivered by the windings will be extremely unstable due to the uncertainty of the wave motion.
The second stator winding 5-2 can generate an armature magnetic field with the same pole pair number and speed as the natural harmonic magnetic field by further designing the winding arrangement. The second stator winding 5-2 and the permanent magnet mover then constitute a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor. At this time, the second stator winding 5-2 acts only with the permanent magnet mover to generate thrust, but not with the modulation mover. Further, since the number of pole pairs of the armature magnetic field generated by the first stator winding 5-1 and the second stator winding 5-2 is different, no thrust force is generated therebetween, in other words, no influence is generated therebetween. Therefore, through the interaction of the second stator winding 5-2 and the permanent magnet rotor, the thrust decoupling of the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor can be realized.
Through the analysis, the electromagnetic thrust on the modulation rotor is only related to the first stator winding 5-1, and the modulation rotor speed is related to the armature magnetic field of the first stator winding 5-1 and the speed of the permanent magnet rotor; the electromagnetic thrust on the permanent magnet rotor is not only related to the first stator winding 5-1, but also influenced by the second stator winding 5-2, and the speed of the permanent magnet rotor is only the same as the armature magnetic field speed of the second stator winding 5-2. Therefore, for a double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle, the thrust and the speed of the modulation rotor are completely independent of the thrust and the speed of the permanent magnet rotor.
In practical applications, the modulator mover is connected to a wave gearing, so that the motion of the modulator mover is highly random. At the moment, the thrust and the speed of the permanent magnet rotor are effectively controlled through the second stator winding 5-2, so that the speed of the armature magnetic field of the first stator winding 5-1 is always kept constant, the amplitude and the frequency of the voltage generated by the double-stator double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle are always kept constant, and the power generation quality of the whole power generation system is remarkably improved.
Specifically, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet mover in fig. 1 is 6, and the number of the magnetic conductive blocks in the modulation mover is 10. From equation (4), a series of modulated harmonic magnetic fields are generated in the air gap. Among these modulated harmonic magnetic fields, the amplitude of the corresponding modulated harmonic magnetic field is maximum when k is 1 and j is-1, that is, the amplitude of the 4-pole pair magnetic field is maximum in the modulated harmonic magnetic field. Therefore, the first stator winding 5-1 can generate 4 pairs of pole armature magnetic fields by the winding arrangement design, as shown in fig. 3 (the first stator winding 5-1 has a ring type winding in each slot, and each ring type winding is replaced by a vertical line in the figure). And the speed of the armature magnetic field generated by the first stator winding 5-1 is controlled to be the same as the speed of the 4-antipodal modulation harmonic magnetic field, so that electromechanical energy conversion is realized by the first stator winding 5-1, the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor.
In this case, as can be seen from equation (3), a series of natural harmonic magnetic fields are generated in the air gap, and of these natural harmonic magnetic fields, when k is 1, the amplitude of the corresponding natural harmonic magnetic field is the largest, that is, the amplitude of the natural harmonic magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet mover is the largest for 6 pairs of poles. Therefore, the second stator winding 5-2 can generate 6 pairs of pole armature magnetic fields by the winding arrangement design, as shown in fig. 4 (the second stator winding 5-2 has a ring type winding in each slot, and each ring type winding is replaced by a vertical line in the figure). And the speed of the armature magnetic field generated by the second stator winding 5-2 is controlled to be the same as the speed of the 6 antipodal natural harmonic magnetic field, so that the electromechanical energy conversion can be realized by the second stator winding 5-2 and the permanent magnet rotor.
In addition, since the number of pole pairs of the armature magnetic fields generated by the first stator winding 5-1 and the second stator winding 5-2 are different (one is 4 pairs of pole armature magnetic fields, and the other is 6 pairs of pole armature magnetic fields), no thrust is generated between them according to the principle of electromechanical energy conversion. In other words, they do not affect each other.
The final effect is equivalent to that the first stator winding 5-1, the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor are a double-rotor motor; and the second stator winding 5-2 and the permanent magnet mover are equivalent to a conventional permanent magnet synchronous linear motor. In this way, the speed decoupling of the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor can be realized through the control of the first stator winding 5-1, but the thrust of the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor is coupled (not independent); and thrust decoupling between the modulation rotor and the permanent magnet rotor can be realized by further controlling the second stator winding 5-2. Therefore, in practical application, the second stator winding 5-2 realizes effective control on the permanent magnet rotor, and can ensure constant voltage amplitude and frequency emitted by the first stator winding 5-1 even under the condition of modulating the random variable speed motion of the rotor, so that the power generation quality of the whole power generation system is improved, and the stability of the system operation is also improved.
Claims (2)
1. A double-rotor double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising a casing (4), a double-winding stator (5), a permanent magnet rotor (7), a modulation rotor (6), a permanent magnet rotor output shaft (10) and a modulation rotor output shaft (1);
the double-winding stator (5) is fixed on the inner circular surface of the casing (4), and the modulation rotor (6) and the permanent magnet rotor (7) are sequentially arranged inside the double-winding stator (5) from outside to inside; the permanent magnet rotor (7) is fixed on a permanent magnet rotor output shaft (10), the left end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft (10) is in sliding connection with the modulation rotor (6) through a second bearing (3), and the right end of the permanent magnet rotor output shaft (10) extends out of a right end cover of the casing (4) and is also in sliding connection with the modulation rotor (6) through a third bearing (8);
the modulation rotor (6) is positioned between the double-winding stator (5) and the permanent magnet rotor (7), two ends of the modulation rotor (6) respectively extend out of end covers at two sides of the casing (4), and the right extending part is in sliding connection with the permanent magnet rotor (7) and a right end cover of the casing (4) through a third bearing (8) and a fourth bearing (9); the left side extending part serves as a modulation rotor output shaft (1), and the modulation rotor output shaft (1) is respectively connected with a left side end cover of a casing (4) and a permanent magnet rotor (7) in a sliding mode through a first bearing (2) and a second bearing (3);
a radial air gap L1 exists between the modulation rotor (6) and the double-winding stator (5), a radial air gap L2 exists between the modulation rotor (6) and the permanent magnet rotor (7), and the axes of the modulation rotor output shaft (1) and the permanent magnet rotor output shaft (10) are overlapped;
the double-winding stator (5) is composed of a stator core (5-3), a first stator winding (5-1) and a second stator winding (5-2); the first stator winding (5-1) is m1The phase stator winding is provided with m when the first stator winding (5-1) is electrified1When alternating current, p moving along the axial direction is formeds1Pole pair number armature field, m1、ps1Is a positive integer; the second stator winding (5-2) is m2The phase stator winding is provided with m when the second stator winding (5-2) is electrified2When alternating current, p moving along the axial direction is formeds2Pole pair number of armature field, m2、ps2Is a positive integer;
the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet rotor (7) is pPM，pPMIs a positive integer; the permanent magnet rotor (7) consists of permanent magnet rotor iron cores (7-2) and 2pPMEach permanent magnet unit (7-1) is formed by 2pPMThe permanent magnet units (7-1) are uniformly distributed and arranged along the axial direction, 2pPMEach permanent magnet unit (7-1) is fixed on the outer circle surface of the permanent magnet rotor iron core (7-2), and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnet units (7-1) are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet unit (7-1) is radial magnetizing;
the modulation mover (6) is composed of pmA magnetic conductive block (6-1) and pmA non-magnetic conductive block (6-2) and a rotor bracket (6-3), pmIs a positive integer; the rotor bracket (6-3) is provided with magnetic conduction blocks (6-1) and non-magnetic conduction blocks (6-2) in a staggered manner along the axis direction;
while satisfying the condition ps1＝|kpPM+jpmI and ps2＝kpPMWhere k is a positive integer and j is an integer.
2. The double-mover double-winding cylindrical linear generator based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic conducting blocks (6-1) are made of soft magnetic composite material, silicon steel sheet, solid iron or soft magnetic ferrite.
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| CN112271895B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-06-30 | 伟业电机股份有限公司 | Cross magnetic flux rolling brush rotor-stacked motor |
| CN112510952B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Transverse-dislocation brushless dual-rotor motor based on magnetic field modulation principle |
| CN114665645B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-01-23 | 上海交通大学 | Slotless cylindrical linear motor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104578672A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Cylinder type speed-changing linear permanent magnet generator used for wave power generation |
| CN104883027A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Cylindrical-type linear magnetic-gear composite permanent magnet motor |
| CN106374704A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Brushless dual-mechanical-port permanent magnet motor based on magnetic field modulation principle |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104578672A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Cylinder type speed-changing linear permanent magnet generator used for wave power generation |
| CN104883027A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Cylindrical-type linear magnetic-gear composite permanent magnet motor |
| CN106374704A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Brushless dual-mechanical-port permanent magnet motor based on magnetic field modulation principle |
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