CN114039505B - Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing compact vibrator array - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing compact vibrator array Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039505B CN114039505B CN202111288771.1A CN202111288771A CN114039505B CN 114039505 B CN114039505 B CN 114039505B CN 202111288771 A CN202111288771 A CN 202111288771A CN 114039505 B CN114039505 B CN 114039505B
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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Abstract
The application provides an ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array, which comprises a compact vibrator array assembly, a vibrator array bracket, a nonlinear energy harvesting assembly and a fixed bracket assembly; the compact vibrator array assembly is arranged on the vibrator array bracket, the vibrator array bracket is arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket assembly, and the vibrator array bracket is arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket assembly; the end of the compact vibrator array assembly can move in the vertical direction, and the compact vibrator array assembly can drive the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly to vibrate through magnetic force, so that electric energy is output. According to the piezoelectric energy harvesting device, the spring vibrator units with different resonance frequency ranges are utilized to realize large-scale response under different external excitation frequencies, so that the practicability and applicability of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of vibration energy collection, in particular to an ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array, and in particular relates to a wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device.
Background
The use of vibratory energy harvesting devices to power micro devices has received increasing attention from scientific research and engineering practices. The vibration energy harvesting device is used for supplying electric energy to low-energy devices such as wearable devices, wireless sensor nodes and the like by collecting vibration energy which is ubiquitous and continuous in the environment and converting the vibration energy into usable electric energy. Compared with the traditional power supplies such as chemical primary batteries, the service life of the vibration energy collecting device is related to whether the device structure is damaged or not, and is far longer than that of the chemical primary batteries. Compared with the chemical primary battery which does not need to be replaced frequently, the device does not produce waste gas battery pollution and is an environment-friendly energy collecting device. The piezoelectric energy collection device is used as one of the current mainstream vibration energy harvesting devices, and has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, simple structure, low cost and the like.
The most common piezoelectric energy collecting device is a linear vibration collecting device, and the working principle of the device is mainly based on that the linear vibrator structures such as a cantilever beam and the like are in a resonance state, so that larger amplitude can be generated, and the stress variation range in the piezoelectric element near the fixed end of the device is increased, so that efficient vibration energy collection and conversion are realized. Patent CN105932906B discloses a piezoelectric energy collecting device and a method for manufacturing the same. The piezoelectric energy collecting device utilizes a cantilever beam structure formed by the vibrating block and the piezoelectric vibrator, and obtains maximum output power by utilizing the condition of a vibration source and the performance of a piezoelectric material through a linear cantilever beam structure. However, the resonance bandwidth of such linear vibrators is extremely narrow, and the operation efficiency of the piezoelectric energy collection device based on the linear structure is extremely limited when the excitation frequency range is not in the vicinity of the resonance frequency. Considering that the vibration frequency distribution range in the environment is wider, the working bandwidth of the piezoelectric energy collection device is widened, and the practicability and the working efficiency of the piezoelectric energy collection device can be remarkably improved. The design of the nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device by utilizing nonlinear permanent magnetic force can remarkably widen the working bandwidth of the energy harvesting device and improve the working efficiency of the piezoelectric energy collection device. Patent CN111404419a discloses a double-magnet multistable piezoelectric cantilever beam energy harvester. The application utilizes two annular and rectangular magnets to realize the tristable or tetrastable state of the system, widens the bandwidth of the vibration energy collecting device and improves the volume energy collecting density of the collector. The nonlinear energy collecting device effectively widens the working bandwidth of the energy collecting device, and improves the energy conversion efficiency by increasing the amplitude of the vibrator. But its operating bandwidth is limited in its range, and is still limited by the excitation compared to the wide vibration band in the environment. In order to further widen the working frequency band of the piezoelectric energy collection device, the superposition of resonance frequency bands in different ranges in a plurality of groups of structures can be realized by utilizing the design of the cantilever beam array, so that broadband energy collection is realized. As disclosed in patent CN110601599a, the energy harvesting device includes a plurality of groups of cantilever Liang Xingcheng cantilever arrays, and stacks at different resonance frequencies are implemented by using each group of cantilever beams with different lengths, so as to effectively convert and output vibration energy at multiple resonance frequencies. However, the cantilever beam array type broadband piezoelectric energy collection device is difficult to realize compact structural design due to arrangement of cantilever beams, so that the volume energy collection density of the collector is extremely low, and meanwhile, the integration of the device is not facilitated, and the practicality of the energy harvesting device is restricted.
Therefore, the existing piezoelectric energy collecting device has the defects of compact structure, limited frequency widening range of the nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device and the like.
Patent document CN 108054952B provides a piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collector comprising a substrate and a back plate stacked on each other, and a method of manufacturing the same; the substrate is etched to form a cantilever structure, wherein a groove is formed on the lower surface of the substrate, the cantilever structure is arranged above the groove, the groove and the backboard form a cavity, and a permanent magnet is arranged in the cavity; the upper surface of the cantilever structure is provided with a piezoelectric layer, a first inductance coil layer is arranged in a peripheral area of the upper surface of the substrate except the cantilever structure, and the piezoelectric layer is insulated from the first inductance coil layer; the lower surface of the backboard is provided with a second inductance coil layer. It still does not overcome the problem of narrow resonance bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide an ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device utilizing a compact vibrator array.
The ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing the compact vibrator array comprises a compact vibrator array assembly, a vibrator array bracket, a nonlinear energy harvesting assembly and a fixed bracket assembly;
the compact vibrator array assembly is arranged on the vibrator array bracket, the vibrator array bracket is arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket assembly, and the vibrator array bracket is arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket assembly;
the end of the compact vibrator array assembly can move in the vertical direction, and the compact vibrator array assembly can drive the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly to vibrate through magnetic force, so that electric energy is output.
Preferably, the fixed bracket component comprises a stand column and a base, the stand column is vertically arranged on the base, the vibrator array bracket is arranged at the top end of the stand column, and the nonlinear energy harvesting component is arranged in the middle of the stand column;
the bottom of the base is provided with a mounting surface which is connected with an external part.
Preferably, the compact vibrator array assembly comprises a plurality of spring vibrator units, wherein each spring vibrator unit comprises a spring and a first permanent magnet, one end of the spring is arranged on the vibrator array bracket, and the other end of the spring is connected with the first permanent magnet; the spring stiffness of the plurality of spring vibrator units is not identical, and the plurality of spring vibrator units are distributed in an array.
Preferably, the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly comprises a cantilever beam; a piezoelectric element and a second permanent magnet; one end of the cantilever beam is connected with the fixed support assembly, the second permanent magnet is arranged at the other end of the cantilever beam, the top surface of the second permanent magnet is opposite to the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly, and the top surface of the second permanent magnet is matched with the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly in size;
the piezoelectric element is mounted on the cantilever beam;
the cantilever beams are all made of materials with elastic deformation characteristics.
Preferably, the vibrator array support includes a first connection portion and a second connection portion; the first connecting part is positioned at one end of the second connecting part; the other end of the second connecting part is arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket component;
the first connecting part is of a groove array structure, the groove array structure is matched with the compact vibrator array assembly, and the compact vibrator array assembly is arranged in the first connecting part;
preferably, the base and the upright post are made of aluminum alloy materials.
Preferably, the cantilever beam is made of copper alloy material.
Preferably, the piezoelectric element is made of piezoelectric ceramic or polyvinylidene fluoride which is a flexible piezoelectric element.
Preferably, the vibrator array support is made of an aluminum alloy material.
Preferably, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are neodymium iron boron permanent magnets.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the piezoelectric energy harvesting device, the spring vibrator units with different resonance frequency ranges are utilized to realize large-scale response under different external excitation frequencies, so that the practicability and applicability of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device are remarkably improved.
2. The application realizes the design of the ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device by utilizing the compact vibrator array component and the nonlinear permanent magnetic force, has higher structural compactness and wider working bandwidth.
3. The application has compact structure and strong practicability, and can be widely applied to various mechanical structures. Through the collection to external vibration energy, energy supply for low-power consumption device, can not produce the pollutant, is an environment-friendly energy output device.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibrator array support structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a compact transducer array assembly.
The figure shows:
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the application in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present application.
The application provides an ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array, which comprises a compact vibrator array assembly, a vibrator array bracket 2, a nonlinear energy harvesting assembly and a fixed bracket assembly; as shown in fig. 1, the compact vibrator array assembly is mounted on the vibrator array support 2, the vibrator array support 2 is mounted on the top end of the fixed support assembly, and the vibrator array support 2 is mounted in the middle of the fixed support assembly; the end of the compact vibrator array assembly can move in the vertical direction, and the compact vibrator array assembly can drive the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly to vibrate through magnetic force, so that electric energy is output.
The fixed support assembly comprises a stand column 3 and a base 4, the stand column 3 is vertically arranged on the base 4, the vibrator array support 2 is arranged at the top end of the stand column 3, and the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly is arranged in the middle of the stand column 3; in a preferred embodiment, the base 4 is rectangular, and the base 4 and the upright 3 are made of aluminum alloy materials. The bottom of the base 4 is provided with a mounting surface, the mounting surface is connected with an external component, and the external component provides external excitation for the ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device utilizing the compact vibrator array.
As shown in fig. 3, the compact vibrator array assembly comprises a plurality of spring vibrator units, wherein each spring vibrator unit comprises a spring 1 and a first permanent magnet 8, one end of the spring 1 is installed on the vibrator array bracket 2, and the other end of the spring 1 is connected with the first permanent magnet 8; the rigidity of the springs 1 in the plurality of spring vibrator units is not identical, and the plurality of spring vibrator units are distributed in an array. In a preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet 8 is a small-sized block-shaped permanent magnet, the spring 1 is a coil spring, and the spring 1 is made of stainless steel material. The natural frequency of the spring vibrator unit is controlled by the combination of the stiffness of the spring 1 and the mass of the first permanent magnet 8, preferably, the natural frequencies of different spring vibrator units can be achieved by adopting a mode of making the lengths of the springs 1 in the plurality of spring vibrator units different. In a preferred embodiment, the natural frequency of each of the spring vibrator units in the compact vibrator array assembly is continuously different.
The nonlinear energy harvesting component comprises a cantilever beam 6, a piezoelectric element 5 and a second permanent magnet 7; one end of the cantilever beam 6 is connected with the fixed bracket assembly, and specifically, one end of the cantilever beam 6 is connected with the middle part of the upright post 3. The second permanent magnet 7 is mounted at the other end of the cantilever beam 6, the top surface of the second permanent magnet 7 is opposite to the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly, and the top surface of the second permanent magnet 7 is matched with the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly, and in a preferred embodiment, the top surface of the second permanent magnet 7 is equal to the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the second permanent magnet 7 is a large block-shaped permanent magnet. In a preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet 8 in the compact transducer array assembly is directly opposite and mutually exclusive from the second permanent magnet 7 in the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly. The cantilever beam 6 is made of a material with elastic deformation characteristics, preferably a copper alloy material.
The piezoelectric element 5 is mounted on the cantilever beam 6. Preferably, the piezoelectric element 5 is adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the cantilever beam 6 near one end of the upright post 3, and the piezoelectric element 5 can be piezoelectric ceramic PZT or flexible piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF.
The vibrator array support 2 can be made of an aluminum alloy material, and the vibrator array support 2 comprises a first connecting part 9 and a second connecting part 10; the first connecting part 9 is positioned at one end of the second connecting part 10; the other end of the second connecting part 10 is arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket component; the first connection portion 9 is a groove array structure, the groove array structure is matched with the compact vibrator array assembly, the compact vibrator array assembly is mounted in the first connection portion 9, that is, the number of the spring vibrator units is the same as the number of the grooves in the vibrator array support 2, and the spring vibrator units are mounted in the grooves. In a preferred embodiment, the first connection portion 9 is integrally connected with the second connection portion 10. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the transducer array support 2 is an L-shaped block, the long side end is connected to the top end of the upright post, and the short side is provided with a groove array structure. In a preferred embodiment, the grooves of the first connection portion 9 in the transducer array holder 2 are 3×3 arrays. The first permanent magnet 8 in the compact vibrator array assembly is directly opposite to and mutually exclusive from the second permanent magnet 7 in the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet 8 and the second permanent magnet 7 are neodymium iron boron permanent magnets.
The working principle of the application is as follows:
when external excitation acts on the ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device of the compact vibrator array through the base 4, the first permanent magnet 8 in the compact vibrator array assembly installed in the vibrator array support 2 is driven by the springs 1 to start to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the natural frequency of each spring vibrator unit is continuously different, wherein at least one natural frequency of the spring vibrator unit is close to the external excitation frequency. At this time, the corresponding first permanent magnet 8 will realize a large-amplitude excitation. The first permanent magnet 8 in the compact vibrator array assembly further excites the second permanent magnet 7 opposite to the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly, so that the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly can respond to external excitation at different frequencies. The second permanent magnet 7 causes alternating stress to be generated near one end of the cantilever beam 6 close to the upright post 3 under the action of nonlinear permanent magnetic force, and the piezoelectric element 5 adhered to the cantilever beam 6 converts the alternating stress into an electric signal to be output. When the external vibration frequency changes, as the compact vibrator array assembly has a plurality of groups of different resonance frequency ranges, the first permanent magnet 8 in the compact vibrator array assembly can still realize large-amplitude reciprocating motion and further excite the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly under different external excitation frequencies, so that the ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection is realized under the action of the compact vibrator array assembly and the nonlinear permanent magnet, and the practicability and the working efficiency are further improved.
The application utilizes the compact vibrator array component and the nonlinear permanent magnetic force to realize the design of the ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device. Compared with the common cantilever beam array type broadband piezoelectric energy collection device, the broadband piezoelectric energy collection device has higher structural compactness and wider working bandwidth. According to the piezoelectric energy harvesting device, the spring vibrator units with different resonance frequency ranges are utilized to realize large-scale response under different external excitation frequencies, so that the practicability and applicability of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device are remarkably improved. Under the action of nonlinear permanent magnetic force, the application realizes nonlinear vibration energy collection so as to further improve energy harvesting efficiency. The application simultaneously solves the defects of the existing common cantilever beam array type broadband piezoelectric energy collection device that the structure is not compact, the frequency widening range of the nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device is limited, and the like.
The first permanent magnet 8 in the spring vibrator unit further excites the second permanent magnet 7 opposite to the nonlinear energy harvesting component, so that the nonlinear energy harvesting component can respond to external excitation at different frequencies, and the spring vibrator unit structure has higher compactness, and is beneficial to increasing the number of the spring vibrator units in the compact vibrator array component and keeping the compactness of the whole structure. On the premise of keeping the whole structure compact, the designed piezoelectric energy collection device can greatly widen the working bandwidth, and realize nonlinear vibration energy collection under the action of permanent magnetic force so as to further improve the energy harvesting efficiency. Compared with a common cantilever beam array type broadband piezoelectric energy collection device and a nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device, the compact vibrator array assembly is provided with a plurality of groups of different resonant frequency ranges, and the compact vibrator array assembly has wider working bandwidth through superposition of the resonant frequency ranges, and realizes nonlinear vibration energy collection under the action of nonlinear permanent magnetic force, so that the energy harvesting efficiency is further improved.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. An ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array is characterized by comprising a compact vibrator array assembly, a vibrator array bracket (2), a nonlinear energy harvesting assembly and a fixed bracket assembly;
the compact vibrator array assembly is arranged on the vibrator array support (2), the vibrator array support (2) is arranged at the top end of the fixed support assembly, and the vibrator array support (2) is arranged in the middle of the fixed support assembly;
the end part of the compact vibrator array assembly can move along the vertical direction, and the compact vibrator array assembly can drive the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly to vibrate through magnetic force so as to output electric energy;
the fixed support assembly comprises an upright post (3) and a base (4), the upright post (3) is vertically arranged on the base (4), the vibrator array support (2) is arranged at the top end of the upright post (3), and the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly is arranged in the middle of the upright post (3);
the bottom of the base (4) is provided with a mounting surface which is connected with an external part;
the compact vibrator array assembly comprises a plurality of spring vibrator units, wherein each spring vibrator unit comprises a spring (1) and a first permanent magnet (8), one end of each spring (1) is installed on the vibrator array bracket (2), and the other end of each spring is connected with the first permanent magnet (8); the rigidity of springs (1) in the plurality of spring vibrator units is not completely the same, and the plurality of spring vibrator units are distributed in an array;
the nonlinear energy harvesting assembly comprises a cantilever beam (6); a piezoelectric element (5) and a second permanent magnet (7); one end of the cantilever beam (6) is connected with the fixed support assembly, the second permanent magnet (7) is arranged at the other end of the cantilever beam (6), the top surface of the second permanent magnet (7) is opposite to the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly, and the top surface of the second permanent magnet (7) is matched with the bottom surface of the compact vibrator array assembly in size;
the piezoelectric element (5) is arranged on the cantilever beam (6);
the cantilever beams (6) are all made of materials with elastic deformation characteristics;
the vibrator array bracket (2) comprises a first connecting part (9) and a second connecting part (10); the first connecting part (9) is positioned at one end of the second connecting part (10); the other end of the second connecting part (10) is arranged at the top end of the fixed bracket component;
the first connecting part (9) is of a groove array structure, the groove array structure is matched with the compact vibrator array assembly, and the compact vibrator array assembly is installed in the first connecting part (9).
2. Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array according to claim 1, wherein the base (4) and the upright (3) are both made of aluminum alloy materials.
3. Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection apparatus utilizing a compact vibrator array according to claim 1, wherein the cantilever beam (6) is made of copper alloy material.
4. Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection apparatus utilizing a compact vibrator array according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric element (5) is made of piezoelectric ceramic or flexible piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride.
5. Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array according to claim 1, wherein the vibrator array support (2) is made of aluminum alloy material.
6. The ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing a compact vibrator array according to claim 1, wherein the first permanent magnet (8) and the second permanent magnet (7) are neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets.
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